Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Le Haut-Richelieu

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	114,695	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	114,695	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
0 to 14 years	19,575	390	19,020	140	25	460
0 to 4 years	6,495	105	6,315	50	20	130
5 to 9 years	7,115	160	6,920	45	0	175
10 to 14 years	5,965	130	5,785	45	10	155
15 to 64 years	75,805	2,635	72,675	455	40	2,865
15 to 19 years	6,405	150	6,190	45	10	175
20 to 24 years	6,850	185	6,615	45	0	210
25 to 29 years	6,600	210	6,350	35	0	230
30 to 34 years	7,035	280	6,710	45	0	305
35 to 39 years	7,555	260	7,220	75	0	295
40 to 44 years	7,060	310	6,695	50	0	335
45 to 49 years	7,505	285	7,185	40	0	305
50 to 54 years	9,070	355	8,660	50	10	380
55 to 59 years	9,435	365	9,030	30	10	380
60 to 64 years	8,295	235	8,020	35	10	250
65 years and over	19,320	845	18,385	75	15	885
65 to 69 years	7,345	290	7,035	20	0	300
70 to 74 years	5,290	220	5,060	10	0	225
75 to 79 years	3,370	120	3,220	20	0	130
80 to 84 years	2,070	100	1,950	15	0	110
85 years and over	1,245	115	1,115	15	10	120
85 to 89 years	845	75	765	0	0	80
90 to 94 years	320	35	280	10	10	35
95 to 99 years	75	10	65	0	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.1	46.1	41.0	37.1	38.3	not applicable ...
Median age	42.3	47.7	42.2	37.3	37.7	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	95,125	3,485	91,060	530	50	3,745
Married or living common law	56,335	2,010	53,970	315	35	2,170
Married	30,165	1,385	28,485	255	35	1,515
Living common law	26,170	625	25,485	55	0	655
Not married and not living common law	38,790	1,465	37,090	210	20	1,580
Never married	26,545	900	25,490	145	10	975
Separated	1,195	70	1,115	15	0	75
Divorced	6,850	280	6,530	40	0	300
Widowed	4,210	220	3,965	20	0	230
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	95,125	3,480	91,060	525	55	3,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,195	3,385	88,270	510	40	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,538	38,976	40,620	38,390	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,892	31,771	34,010	29,472	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,230	3,380	88,295	510	40	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,587	32,579	33,644	31,595	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,184	29,018	30,253	25,708	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,880	2,820	78,565	460	25	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,018	38,375	38,028	35,442	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,746	29,876	30,800	27,506	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,925	2,635	67,825	430	30	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,809	8,905	8,815	7,386	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,740	8,397	7,741	6,021	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,350	2,215	64,760	355	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,155	38,638	38,135	39,541	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,305	33,323	32,312	30,315	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	83.3	82.3	83.3	83.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	68.8	65.0	68.9	72.7	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	16.7	17.8	16.7	16.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	95,125	3,485	91,065	530	55	3,750
Without total income	2,925	100	2,795	25	15	110
With total income	92,200	3,380	88,270	510	40	3,640
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.0	96.9	96.2	72.7	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,215	490	9,645	70	too unreliable to be published F	520
$10,000 to $19,999	16,785	610	16,035	130	too unreliable to be published F	670
$20,000 to $29,999	14,295	510	13,710	60	too unreliable to be published F	540
$30,000 to $39,999	12,860	480	12,325	55	too unreliable to be published F	505
$40,000 to $49,999	11,185	405	10,720	60	too unreliable to be published F	430
$50,000 to $59,999	8,455	270	8,130	55	too unreliable to be published F	300
$60,000 to $69,999	5,980	180	5,780	15	too unreliable to be published F	190
$70,000 to $79,999	4,435	175	4,230	25	too unreliable to be published F	190
$80,000 to $89,999	2,720	85	2,630	0	too unreliable to be published F	85
$90,000 to $99,999	1,605	35	1,555	15	too unreliable to be published F	45
$100,000 and over	3,665	140	3,505	25	too unreliable to be published F	150
$100,000 to $149,999	2,645	80	2,555	10	too unreliable to be published F	85
$150,000 and over	1,025	60	950	15	too unreliable to be published F	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	95,125	3,485	91,060	525	55	3,745
Without after-tax income	2,900	100	2,765	15	15	110
With after-tax income	92,225	3,385	88,290	515	35	3,635
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.1	97.0	98.1	63.6	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,705	530	10,085	75	too unreliable to be published F	570
$10,000 to $19,999	17,575	610	16,820	130	too unreliable to be published F	675
$20,000 to $29,999	17,520	595	16,825	90	too unreliable to be published F	645
$30,000 to $39,999	16,660	605	15,985	65	too unreliable to be published F	645
$40,000 to $49,999	12,280	460	11,745	70	too unreliable to be published F	500
$50,000 to $59,999	7,905	255	7,605	40	too unreliable to be published F	275
$60,000 to $69,999	4,475	135	4,335	10	too unreliable to be published F	140
$70,000 to $79,999	2,115	55	2,045	15	too unreliable to be published F	60
$80,000 and over	2,995	130	2,850	25	too unreliable to be published F	140
$80,000 to $89,999	1,105	35	1,075	0	too unreliable to be published F	35
$90,000 to $99,999	560	15	545	10	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	1,330	75	1,230	20	too unreliable to be published F	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	95,125	3,480	91,060	530	55	3,745
Without employment income	27,775	1,265	26,300	170	45	1,350
With employment income	67,345	2,220	64,760	355	10	2,395
Percentage with employment income	70.8	63.8	71.1	67.0	18.2	64.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,900	295	7,570	35	too unreliable to be published F	315
$5,000 to $9,999	5,250	170	5,050	30	too unreliable to be published F	185
$10,000 to $19,999	9,585	240	9,265	65	too unreliable to be published F	275
$20,000 to $29,999	8,875	340	8,495	45	too unreliable to be published F	360
$30,000 to $39,999	8,885	285	8,555	45	too unreliable to be published F	310
$40,000 to $49,999	7,705	235	7,425	45	too unreliable to be published F	260
$50,000 to $59,999	5,605	175	5,395	30	too unreliable to be published F	190
$60,000 to $69,999	4,210	160	4,035	15	too unreliable to be published F	170
$70,000 to $79,999	3,585	130	3,440	15	too unreliable to be published F	135
$80,000 and over	5,755	190	5,535	35	too unreliable to be published F	200
$80,000 to $89,999	1,940	70	1,870	0	too unreliable to be published F	70
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	20	1,220	10	too unreliable to be published F	20
$100,000 and over	2,570	105	2,450	25	too unreliable to be published F	115
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	95,125	3,480	91,060	525	55	3,745
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	31,055	995	29,900	160	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	45,269	47,320	45,256	41,798	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	51,187	52,696	51,182	43,801	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
English only	855	855	0	0	0	850
French only	66,235	0	66,235	0	0	0
English and French	47,525	3,015	43,845	670	0	3,355
Neither English nor French	80	0	0	0	80	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
English	3,145	2,610	545	0	0	2,605
French	109,085	975	108,110	0	0	975
Non-official language	815	75	390	270	80	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	820	70	395	270	75	210
English and French	970	160	490	320	0	320
English and non-official language	50	50	0	0	0	55
French and non-official language	535	0	535	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	10	15	75	0	45
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
None	104,745	2,135	102,045	505	60	2,390
English	7,075	580	6,455	45	0	600
French	1,605	985	540	65	15	1,020
Non-official language	1,060	125	905	30	10	135
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,055	125	900	25	10	140
English and French	35	0	0	25	0	10
English and non-official language	145	15	135	0	0	10
French and non-official language	35	30	0	0	0	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
English	3,415	3,360	55	0	0	3,360
French	107,360	20	107,340	0	0	15
Non-official language	2,625	365	1,825	365	80	545
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,620	360	1,820	360	80	540
English and French	1,030	105	635	290	0	250
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	15
French and non-official language	205	0	205	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	15	20	10	0	20
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	114,695	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
Official languages	114,615	3,870	110,075	665	0	4,205
English	48,380	3,870	43,840	665	0	4,205
French	113,760	3,015	110,075	670	0	3,355
Non-official languages	5,930	600	4,855	390	80	795
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,900	590	4,850	385	80	780
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	114,700	3,870	110,080	665	80	4,205
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,460	100	1,340	20	0	110
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,385	90	1,280	20	0	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	700	50	645	0	0	50
Métis	660	30	620	10	0	35
Inuk (Inuit)	35	10	15	10	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	35	0	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	35	10	25	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	113,240	3,770	108,740	650	80	4,095
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	114,700	3,875	110,080	665	75	4,205
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	295	35	255	0	0	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	114,410	3,840	109,820	670	75	4,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,045	25	1,015	10	0	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,035	20	1,005	10	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	895	25	865	10	0	25
Métis single ancestry	130	0	130	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	4,105	250	3,830	30	0	265
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	4,090	250	3,810	25	0	265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,580	215	3,350	15	0	225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	435	30	405	0	0	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	10	50	10	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	20	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	109,550	3,595	105,240	640	75	3,910
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	114,695	3,870	110,080	665	80	4,205
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	113,575	3,695	109,225	620	45	4,005
Canadian citizens only	112,075	3,525	108,065	450	25	3,750
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,510	165	1,160	170	20	245
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,120	180	860	50	35	200
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	114,700	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	110,375	3,300	106,715	340	15	3,475
Immigrants^Footnote 42	4,095	515	3,210	315	60	675
Before 1981	1,550	280	1,170	85	10	325
1981 to 1990	505	45	400	50	10	70
1991 to 2000	570	60	480	30	0	75
2001 to 2010	965	60	760	130	15	125
2001 to 2005	420	20	350	50	10	45
2006 to 2010	545	40	415	80	15	80
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	505	60	390	20	30	75
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	225	60	160	15	0	65
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	4,095	515	3,205	315	65	670
Under 5 years	645	85	535	20	0	95
5 to 14 years	640	80	490	65	10	120
15 to 24 years	900	150	675	65	15	185
25 to 44 years	1,675	170	1,335	150	20	245
45 years and over	235	25	175	10	20	30
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	4,095	515	3,205	315	60	670
Americas	860	150	560	120	35	210
Brazil	20	0	15	10	0	0
Colombia	60	10	25	15	10	15
El Salvador	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	90	10	80	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	0	40	0	0	0
Peru	65	0	45	20	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	230	115	115	0	0	115
Other places of birth in Americas	350	10	240	75	20	50
Europe	2,075	245	1,700	120	10	305
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	10	0	0	0
France	860	0	850	10	0	10
Germany	185	65	95	25	0	75
Greece	15	10	10	10	0	10
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	155	10	120	20	0	25
Netherlands	15	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	50	35	10	10	0	35
Portugal	120	0	110	10	0	0
Romania	70	0	60	0	0	10
Russian Federation	30	0	15	0	0	10
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	50	35	15	0	0	35
Other places of birth in Europe	485	45	400	30	10	65
Africa	620	10	585	25	0	25
Algeria	120	0	115	0	0	10
Egypt	40	0	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	135	0	135	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	325	10	305	20	0	15
Asia	530	110	350	45	15	135
Afghanistan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	165	15	135	10	0	25
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	10	0	10	10	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	10	0	0	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	35	15	10	0	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	95	15	75	0	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	125	15	100	10	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	510	65	385	25	30	75
Americas	120	25	60	0	25	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	0	0	10	0
Cuba	30	0	10	0	20	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	15	15	0	0	0	15
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	0	35	10	0	10
Europe	140	15	115	10	0	15
France	105	0	105	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	200	0	195	10	0	0
Algeria	30	0	25	0	0	10
Cameroon	30	0	30	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	0	30	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	0	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	0	60	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	20	10	10	25
Afghanistan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	15	0	10	0	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	114,695	3,875	110,080	670	80	4,205
First generation^Footnote 71	4,620	605	3,620	325	65	770
Second generation^Footnote 72	5,240	650	4,485	90	15	690
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	104,845	2,615	101,975	245	0	2,740
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,630	250	2,095	235	50	365
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,315	80	1,100	125	0	145
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	640	45	540	60	0	75
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	670	40	565	70	10	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,000	145	755	65	40	175
Refugees^Footnote 79	295	25	220	45	10	45
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	25	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	114,695	3,870	110,080	670	80	4,205
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,455	220	2,005	180	55	305
South Asian^Footnote 83	65	20	45	0	0	20
Chinese	230	25	190	10	0	30
Black	845	50	780	10	0	60
Filipino	75	40	30	10	0	45
Latin American	430	0	310	80	35	45
Arab	390	25	335	20	10	40
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	255	15	220	10	10	25
West Asian^Footnote 85	20	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	25	0	25	10	0	0
Japanese	20	20	10	0	0	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	65	10	45	10	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	30	0	20	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	112,245	3,655	108,075	490	25	3,900
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	114,695	3,875	110,080	670	80	4,205
North American Aboriginal origins	5,145	275	4,840	30	0	295
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,500	240	4,240	20	0	250
Inuit	90	10	70	10	0	10
Métis	585	30	555	0	0	25
Other North American origins	87,375	1,695	85,490	190	0	1,790
Acadian	540	30	510	10	0	30
American	745	75	660	10	0	85
Canadian	83,995	1,615	82,210	175	0	1,695
New Brunswicker	20	0	10	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Québécois	3,340	45	3,285	10	0	45
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	43,590	2,765	40,390	405	25	2,970
British Isles origins	11,375	1,860	9,370	145	0	1,930
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,905	925	1,915	70	0	955
Irish	7,335	825	6,430	90	0	870
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,690	650	1,985	60	0	675
Welsh	120	60	50	10	0	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	265	90	165	10	0	90
French origins	31,235	840	30,215	185	0	930
Alsatian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Breton	185	0	175	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	31,095	835	30,090	165	0	920
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,400	540	3,735	110	10	600
Austrian	110	45	55	10	0	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,365	20	1,320	25	0	35
Dutch	505	190	310	10	0	190
Flemish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,095	280	1,755	55	0	310
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	620	65	525	30	10	75
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	225	50	180	0	0	45
Danish	105	15	90	0	0	15
Finnish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	15	20	0	0	10
Swedish	45	10	35	0	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	25	0	25	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,200	315	825	45	10	345
Bulgarian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	0	15	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	185	25	145	15	0	30
Latvian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	450	115	305	25	0	130
Romanian	145	20	130	0	0	15
Russian	110	35	60	0	0	40
Slovak	35	10	25	0	0	10
Ukrainian	325	115	210	0	0	115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,165	380	3,640	130	15	445
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	0	15	0	0	10
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	60	10	50	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	15	130	0	0	20
Italian	2,565	260	2,245	55	0	290
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	655	20	605	30	10	30
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	750	65	630	50	10	95
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	20	0	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other European origins	225	20	185	20	0	25
Basque	25	0	20	10	0	0
Jewish	45	10	20	15	0	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	155	0	145	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	490	40	415	15	15	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	20	10	15	0	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	75	0	60	10	15	0
Dominican	80	0	75	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	260	0	255	0	0	10
Jamaican	25	0	20	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	25	0	25	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0	0	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	690	20	565	80	20	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	0	40	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	0	20	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	10	20	0	0	10
Chilean	130	0	125	0	0	0
Colombian	135	10	100	15	10	15
Costa Rican	15	0	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	0	35	10	0	10
Guatemalan	35	0	30	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	0	15	0	0	0
Honduran	15	0	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	75	0	75	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	0	30	20	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	70	0	50	10	10	0
Salvadorean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	15	0	0	15	0	0
African origins	1,225	115	1,045	50	15	140
Central and West African origins	285	0	280	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	25	0	25	0	0	0
Burkinabe	35	0	35	0	0	0
Cameroonian	70	0	70	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	0	15	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	45	0	50	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	35	0	40	0	0	0
North African origins	580	35	500	30	10	55
Algerian	145	0	125	10	10	0
Berber	105	10	95	0	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	110	25	75	10	0	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	230	0	200	20	0	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	50	0	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	105	40	55	0	0	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	10	0	10	10	0	0
Burundian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	25	20	0	0	0	25
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	275	35	210	20	10	50
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	30	15	10	10	0	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	240	20	205	15	0	30
Asian origins	1,295	220	940	120	15	280
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	440	85	290	60	10	115
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	155	0	140	15	0	15
Armenian	50	25	20	0	0	25
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	45	80	10	0	45
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	0	15	15	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	10	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	30	10	10	10	0	10
South Asian origins	105	30	60	15	0	35
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	100	25	60	15	0	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	760	105	600	45	10	130
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	0	30	0	0	0
Chinese	335	30	275	15	10	40
Filipino	95	40	45	10	0	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	0	0	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	0	30	20	0	10
Laotian	70	0	75	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	0	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	15	145	10	0	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Australian	15	0	10	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	95,125	3,480	91,060	525	55	3,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,155	735	20,315	80	30	770
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	22,890	1,085	21,650	135	20	1,150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	51,085	1,665	49,100	315	10	1,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,505	530	18,920	55	0	555
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	14,135	330	13,755	45	10	350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	5,375	200	5,160	15	0	205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,645	575	15,965	95	0	625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,900	85	2,790	25	0	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,030	475	11,425	135	0	540
Bachelor's degree	8,625	330	8,200	90	0	375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,000	40	950	15	0	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	10	305	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,845	65	1,750	25	0	80
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	245	25	220	0	0	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	95,125	3,480	91,060	525	55	3,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	44,040	1,820	41,965	215	45	1,925
Education	3,725	65	3,645	15	0	70
13. Education	3,725	70	3,645	15	0	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,700	110	1,570	20	0	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	360	30	330	10	0	30
50. Visual and performing arts	1,335	85	1,240	15	0	90
Humanities	2,485	115	2,365	0	0	120
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	225	45	180	0	0	45
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	35	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,550	45	1,510	0	0	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	0	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	15	95	0	0	15
54. History	175	0	170	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	310	10	305	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,795	195	3,570	35	0	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	0	60	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	420	15	400	0	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,165	45	1,110	15	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	750	0	740	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	105	0	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	635	40	585	10	0	45
45. Social sciences	660	85	570	10	0	85
Business, management and public administration	11,325	360	10,910	55	0	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	730	15	710	0	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,585	345	10,185	50	0	375
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,265	45	1,195	25	0	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	370	10	350	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	225	15	210	0	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	295	0	285	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	275	20	255	0	0	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	0	90	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,610	60	1,500	45	0	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,385	65	1,290	30	0	80
25. Library science	95	0	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	0	100	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	20	0	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,685	345	12,270	75	0	380
04. Architecture and related services	265	0	245	15	0	10
14. Engineering	985	35	925	30	0	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,440	90	2,350	0	0	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,300	60	3,235	10	0	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,025	90	2,935	0	0	90
48. Precision production	2,665	70	2,575	20	0	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,150	45	1,085	20	10	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	960	30	905	20	0	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	10	175	0	0	10
Health and related fields	6,500	150	6,325	25	0	165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	10	310	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,115	140	5,950	20	0	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	0	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,820	160	4,650	10	0	165
12. Personal and culinary services	2,680	70	2,610	0	0	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	15	10	0	0	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	80	10	75	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	985	30	950	0	0	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,055	40	1,010	0	0	40
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	95,125	3,480	91,060	525	55	3,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,040	1,815	41,960	215	45	1,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	51,085	1,665	49,100	310	10	1,820
Location of study inside Canada	49,640	1,475	47,970	190	0	1,570
Same as province or territory of residence	48,655	1,240	47,255	165	0	1,320
Different than province or territory of residence	985	235	720	25	0	250
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,450	190	1,125	125	10	250
United States^Footnote 130	220	60	155	0	0	60
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	45	30	15	0	0	25
China^Footnote 132	35	10	20	0	0	15
France	490	0	475	10	0	10
Other	660	80	460	105	10	140
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	95,125	3,485	91,060	530	55	not applicable ...
In the labour force	62,500	2,075	60,065	355	15	not applicable ...
Employed	58,910	1,910	56,655	335	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,590	165	3,405	25	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	32,620	1,410	30,995	175	45	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.7	59.5	66.0	67.0	27.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	61.9	54.8	62.2	63.2	18.2	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.7	8.0	5.7	7.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	95,125	3,480	91,060	530	55	3,745
Did not work^Footnote 135	30,790	1,375	29,215	170	40	1,460
Worked	64,330	2,110	61,845	365	15	2,290
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	31,685	1,035	30,475	170	0	1,120
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	32,645	1,070	31,370	190	10	1,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	42.6	43.5	42.8	27.1	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	66,040	2,185	63,460	375	15	2,375
a.Management	6,440	285	6,105	55	0	310
00 Senior management occupations	1,030	35	990	0	0	35
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,565	80	1,480	10	0	85
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,130	100	2,010	25	0	115
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,720	70	1,625	25	0	80
b.Professional	8,775	225	8,450	95	0	275
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,735	35	1,690	15	0	40
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,495	40	1,395	55	0	65
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,035	20	1,010	10	0	20
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	640	0	635	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,330	65	2,250	10	0	75
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,140	55	1,085	10	0	60
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	400	10	380	10	0	15
c.Technical and paraprofessional	7,920	265	7,610	45	0	285
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,775	60	1,700	15	0	65
32 Technical occupations in health	1,575	25	1,545	0	0	30
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,270	35	2,230	0	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,020	105	910	10	0	110
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,270	35	1,225	10	0	45
d.Administration and administrative support	8,125	325	7,755	45	0	345
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,820	135	3,660	25	0	150
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	670	55	620	0	0	50
14 Office support occupations	2,220	95	2,110	20	0	110
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,410	35	1,370	0	0	40
e.Sales	6,520	215	6,290	10	0	225
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	945	20	915	0	0	25
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,730	95	2,630	0	10	95
66 Sales support occupations	2,850	95	2,745	10	0	100
f.Personal and customer information services	10,910	340	10,495	65	10	375
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,235	20	1,210	10	0	25
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	765	25	740	0	0	25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,280	60	2,205	10	10	65
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,950	130	2,790	35	0	145
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,680	105	3,545	20	0	120
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,515	155	6,335	20	0	165
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,160	95	4,050	20	0	100
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,355	65	2,285	10	0	65
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	5,175	205	4,950	15	0	215
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,150	60	1,090	0	0	60
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,125	120	2,995	10	0	125
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	900	30	865	0	0	30
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,275	50	1,205	20	0	55
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	170	10	160	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	640	10	615	10	0	15
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	465	25	425	10	0	35
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,390	115	4,265	0	10	125
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	485	0	485	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,470	50	1,420	10	0	45
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,020	35	985	0	0	35
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,420	35	1,375	10	0	35
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	66,040	2,185	63,465	375	15	2,375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,810	50	1,725	35	0	70
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,655	50	1,575	40	0	65
113 Forestry and logging	40	0	40	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	105	0	105	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	0	160	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	160	10	150	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	0	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	350	0	350	0	0	0
221 Utilities	350	0	350	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,015	125	4,875	15	0	130
236 Construction of buildings	1,710	40	1,655	15	0	50
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	520	20	505	0	0	15
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,785	70	2,710	0	0	70
31-33 Manufacturing	9,050	295	8,725	30	10	315
311 Food manufacturing	1,460	50	1,405	0	0	50
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	10	125	0	0	10
313 Textile mills	35	10	30	0	0	10
314 Textile product mills	150	10	140	10	0	10
315 Clothing manufacturing	220	10	210	0	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	575	10	570	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	175	0	170	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	375	0	370	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	30	0	25	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	310	0	300	0	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	890	20	870	0	0	20
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	345	15	330	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	230	10	215	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	935	35	895	10	0	35
333 Machinery manufacturing	440	20	415	0	0	20
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	330	10	310	10	0	15
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	585	10	580	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	955	40	915	0	0	35
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	530	35	495	0	0	35
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	355	15	345	0	0	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,375	105	2,250	20	0	120
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	40	0	40	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	65	0	60	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	290	10	280	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	195	10	190	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	235	20	215	0	0	25
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	605	25	580	0	0	25
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	455	30	415	10	0	35
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	410	20	385	0	0	25
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	85	0	80	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,745	290	8,415	35	10	310
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,125	40	1,090	0	0	40
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	380	20	350	10	0	25
443 Electronics and appliance stores	160	0	155	10	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	710	10	700	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	2,420	60	2,355	10	0	60
446 Health and personal care stores	970	10	955	0	10	15
447 Gasoline stations	265	10	245	10	0	15
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	865	20	845	0	0	20
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	340	25	315	10	0	25
452 General merchandise stores	965	30	935	0	0	30
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	435	40	385	0	0	45
454 Non-store retailers	100	25	75	0	0	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,465	195	3,255	10	0	205
481 Air transportation	110	10	100	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	130	0	130	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	20	0	20	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,560	85	1,460	10	0	90
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	725	10	710	0	0	15
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	0	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	285	55	225	0	0	60
491 Postal service	250	10	245	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	285	20	265	0	0	25
493 Warehousing and storage	90	10	85	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,110	55	1,035	15	0	65
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	230	0	225	0	0	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	180	20	160	0	0	20
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	110	0	105	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	465	30	425	15	0	35
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	0	15	0	0	0
519 Other information services	120	0	115	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,080	80	1,990	15	0	80
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,130	35	1,090	10	0	35
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	180	10	175	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	750	40	705	0	0	45
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	20	0	20	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	815	10	790	10	0	15
531 Real estate	615	0	610	0	0	10
532 Rental and leasing services	195	0	185	10	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,330	105	3,175	50	0	130
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,330	105	3,175	50	0	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	20	35	0	0	20
551 Management of companies and enterprises	50	20	30	0	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,615	125	2,470	20	0	130
561 Administrative and support services	2,380	110	2,245	20	0	120
562 Waste management and remediation services	235	15	220	0	0	10
61 Educational services	4,005	115	3,885	0	0	115
611 Educational services	4,005	115	3,890	0	0	115
62 Health care and social assistance	8,170	115	8,015	30	0	135
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,865	30	1,815	15	0	40
622 Hospitals	2,855	45	2,800	15	0	50
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,280	15	1,260	10	0	15
624 Social assistance	2,160	25	2,135	0	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,405	45	1,350	15	0	50
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	350	10	335	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	80	0	80	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	980	30	935	15	0	40
72 Accommodation and food services	4,210	145	4,020	40	10	160
721 Accommodation services	330	20	305	10	0	25
722 Food services and drinking places	3,880	120	3,715	35	10	140
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,885	75	2,805	0	0	70
811 Repair and maintenance	1,160	20	1,135	0	0	25
812 Personal and laundry services	1,085	15	1,070	0	0	20
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	535	15	510	0	0	15
814 Private households	110	15	95	0	0	15
91 Public administration	4,400	235	4,130	30	0	250
911 Federal government public administration	2,215	205	1,990	25	0	215
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	765	15	745	10	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,405	15	1,390	0	0	15
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	58,915	1,910	56,655	335	15	2,075
Worked at home	3,785	140	3,600	40	0	165
Worked outside Canada	100	15	85	0	0	15
No fixed workplace address	5,905	170	5,710	20	0	180
Worked at usual place	49,120	1,585	47,255	270	10	1,720
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	66,040	2,185	63,460	375	15	2,370
English	2,470	750	1,660	60	0	775
French	60,850	1,135	59,495	220	0	1,240
Non-official language	55	0	40	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	0	45	0	10	0
English and French	2,600	295	2,210	95	0	345
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	0	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	15	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	66,040	2,190	63,465	375	15	2,375
None	47,830	975	46,645	200	10	1,075
English	15,970	720	15,135	115	0	775
French	1,885	475	1,380	35	0	490
Non-official language	250	0	215	30	0	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	250	10	210	25	0	25
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	0	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,115	1,585	47,255	270	10	1,720
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,120	760	23,275	85	0	800
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,375	125	4,245	10	0	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20,565	700	19,685	175	0	785
Commute to a different province or territory	60	0	50	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	55,020	1,750	52,965	290	15	1,900
Car, truck, van - as a driver	47,225	1,430	45,555	235	10	1,550
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,765	60	1,695	0	0	60
Public transit	2,700	105	2,565	30	0	120
Walked	2,360	105	2,240	10	0	115
Bicycle	505	20	480	10	0	25
Other method	465	25	435	0	0	30
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	55,025	1,750	52,970	290	15	1,900
Less than 15 minutes	19,155	590	18,485	70	10	620
15 to 29 minutes	14,785	460	14,260	70	0	495
30 to 44 minutes	10,035	280	9,700	50	0	310
45 to 59 minutes	5,865	200	5,615	55	0	225
60 minutes and over	5,185	225	4,905	45	0	245
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	55,020	1,755	52,970	290	10	1,900
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,525	205	5,305	15	0	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,625	350	11,205	70	0	385
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,825	570	15,150	105	0	625
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,445	225	8,170	45	0	245
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,300	120	4,170	0	0	125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,310	290	8,970	45	10	305
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	113,475	3,850	108,920	645	65	4,170
Non-movers	99,975	3,275	96,145	520	35	3,535
Movers	13,500	575	12,775	125	25	635
Non-migrants	8,200	255	7,890	50	0	280
Migrants	5,295	320	4,885	70	20	355
Internal migrants	5,095	295	4,735	60	0	330
Intraprovincial migrants	4,830	210	4,550	65	0	245
Interprovincial migrants	265	90	180	0	0	85
External migrants	200	20	150	0	20	20
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	108,205	3,765	103,765	620	60	4,075
Non-movers	70,045	2,335	67,285	410	20	2,535
Movers	38,160	1,435	36,480	205	35	1,540
Non-migrants	22,385	550	21,725	110	0	605
Migrants	15,775	885	14,760	100	35	935
Internal migrants	15,265	835	14,345	75	0	875
Intraprovincial migrants	14,715	570	14,075	70	10	605
Interprovincial migrants	550	270	275	10	0	270
External migrants	510	50	410	25	30	60

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Le Haut-Richelieu

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.4%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.