Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Longueuil, V
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	234,955	19,515	204,025	9,525	1,890	24,280
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	234,955	19,515	204,025	9,525	1,885	24,275
0 to 14 years	37,730	2,300	33,490	1,305	640	2,950
0 to 4 years	13,375	755	11,620	410	580	960
5 to 9 years	13,045	805	11,765	430	50	1,015
10 to 14 years	11,310	740	10,100	465	0	970
15 to 64 years	158,935	13,880	136,775	7,630	645	17,700
15 to 19 years	12,180	1,135	10,215	835	0	1,550
20 to 24 years	15,375	1,440	13,065	850	30	1,860
25 to 29 years	15,775	1,435	13,625	675	45	1,770
30 to 34 years	15,730	1,455	13,315	945	15	1,925
35 to 39 years	16,390	1,380	13,885	1,080	40	1,925
40 to 44 years	15,140	1,220	12,840	995	85	1,715
45 to 49 years	15,080	1,270	12,930	810	70	1,675
50 to 54 years	18,300	1,790	15,795	630	80	2,110
55 to 59 years	18,950	1,570	16,755	490	135	1,820
60 to 64 years	16,005	1,195	14,355	320	135	1,355
65 years and over	38,300	3,335	33,770	585	610	3,630
65 to 69 years	13,635	1,200	12,040	235	160	1,315
70 to 74 years	10,785	780	9,750	140	120	850
75 to 79 years	6,970	665	6,065	105	130	715
80 to 84 years	4,035	385	3,500	60	85	415
85 years and over	2,875	310	2,415	40	110	335
85 to 89 years	2,070	210	1,760	35	65	225
90 to 94 years	715	80	585	10	35	85
95 to 99 years	80	20	55	0	0	20
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Average age	41.0	42.4	41.1	35.5	42.2	not applicable ...
Median age	41.3	42.6	41.6	35.7	50.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	197,225	17,215	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,325
Married or living common law	106,315	9,455	91,180	4,895	790	11,905
Married	65,145	7,205	52,825	4,335	775	9,375
Living common law	41,175	2,250	38,350	555	15	2,530
Not married and not living common law	90,910	7,760	79,365	3,325	460	9,425
Never married	62,515	5,335	54,430	2,655	100	6,660
Separated	3,200	320	2,740	125	15	385
Divorced	16,230	1,335	14,415	410	75	1,540
Widowed	8,965	775	7,785	135	270	840
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	197,230	17,220	170,545	8,220	1,245	21,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	190,585	16,410	165,255	7,715	1,200	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,124	36,367	42,093	34,544	15,132	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,968	28,827	33,869	28,871	14,541	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	190,605	16,420	165,270	7,715	1,200	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,968	30,519	34,651	29,669	14,665	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,513	26,623	30,114	26,559	14,340	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	167,760	14,125	146,145	6,940	545	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,292	35,022	40,141	32,269	12,069	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,332	26,630	31,165	25,347	9,150	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	148,110	12,925	127,915	6,115	1,155	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,412	7,899	8,519	6,950	10,022	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,075	5,739	7,357	3,929	10,254	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	137,870	11,315	120,065	6,150	340	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,866	36,698	40,574	33,264	14,607	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,003	28,873	32,749	27,712	11,588	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	84.1	82.9	84.3	84.0	36.2	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	70.1	69.6	70.0	76.8	27.4	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	15.9	17.1	15.7	15.9	63.7	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	197,225	17,220	170,540	8,220	1,245	21,330
Without total income	6,645	805	5,285	505	50	1,060
With total income	190,580	16,410	165,255	7,715	1,200	20,270
Percentage with total income	96.6	95.3	96.9	93.9	96.4	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,375	2,560	18,995	1,450	370	3,285
$10,000 to $19,999	34,815	3,160	29,730	1,375	550	3,850
$20,000 to $29,999	29,680	2,745	25,570	1,185	185	3,330
$30,000 to $39,999	25,970	2,330	22,505	1,075	60	2,865
$40,000 to $49,999	22,665	1,790	20,025	840	20	2,210
$50,000 to $59,999	16,395	1,165	14,650	585	0	1,455
$60,000 to $69,999	11,310	780	10,160	365	0	965
$70,000 to $79,999	8,485	585	7,570	325	0	755
$80,000 to $89,999	5,530	425	4,910	195	0	520
$90,000 to $99,999	3,330	250	2,980	95	0	300
$100,000 and over	9,025	620	8,170	235	0	740
$100,000 to $149,999	6,610	505	5,905	205	0	605
$150,000 and over	2,415	115	2,270	25	0	130
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	197,230	17,220	170,540	8,215	1,250	21,330
Without after-tax income	6,620	800	5,270	505	50	1,050
With after-tax income	190,605	16,420	165,270	7,715	1,200	20,275
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	95.4	96.9	93.9	96.0	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	24,165	2,615	19,725	1,460	370	3,350
$10,000 to $19,999	36,680	3,340	31,355	1,435	550	4,055
$20,000 to $29,999	36,190	3,300	31,225	1,445	215	4,020
$30,000 to $39,999	33,520	2,935	29,265	1,270	45	3,565
$40,000 to $49,999	24,255	1,705	21,655	875	15	2,145
$50,000 to $59,999	14,975	1,045	13,380	550	0	1,320
$60,000 to $69,999	8,905	665	7,880	365	0	845
$70,000 to $79,999	4,600	360	4,120	120	0	415
$80,000 and over	7,325	460	6,670	190	0	555
$80,000 to $89,999	2,615	165	2,375	75	0	205
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	115	1,410	50	0	145
$100,000 and over	3,135	175	2,890	65	0	210
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	197,225	17,220	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,325
Without employment income	59,360	5,905	50,480	2,070	910	6,935
With employment income	137,870	11,315	120,065	6,145	340	14,395
Percentage with employment income	69.9	65.7	70.4	74.8	27.2	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	17,455	1,465	15,130	765	100	1,845
$5,000 to $9,999	10,645	815	9,095	685	55	1,155
$10,000 to $19,999	19,765	1,820	16,900	950	100	2,295
$20,000 to $29,999	17,655	1,745	14,940	900	65	2,200
$30,000 to $39,999	17,430	1,360	15,230	830	15	1,775
$40,000 to $49,999	14,875	1,255	12,995	625	10	1,565
$50,000 to $59,999	11,100	740	9,920	440	10	960
$60,000 to $69,999	8,125	585	7,240	305	0	735
$70,000 to $79,999	6,750	505	5,995	245	0	625
$80,000 and over	14,060	1,025	12,615	415	0	1,230
$80,000 to $89,999	4,315	355	3,815	155	0	430
$90,000 to $99,999	2,700	195	2,420	80	0	230
$100,000 and over	7,050	480	6,390	180	0	570
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	197,230	17,215	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	62,015	5,500	53,790	2,665	60	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	46,695	43,620	47,253	41,855	21,841	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	55,838	51,370	56,777	46,847	22,799	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	234,960	19,515	204,030	9,525	1,890	24,275
English only	6,400	6,400	0	0	0	6,400
French only	108,625	0	108,625	0	0	0
English and French	117,980	13,105	95,350	9,520	0	17,865
Neither English nor French	1,955	10	50	0	1,890	15
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	234,960	19,515	204,025	9,525	1,890	24,275
English	15,825	14,025	1,800	0	0	14,025
French	188,320	1,820	186,500	0	0	1,820
Non-official language	18,520	2,095	7,125	7,410	1,885	5,800
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,520	2,095	7,125	7,410	1,890	5,800
English and French	3,095	530	1,475	1,100	0	1,080
English and non-official language	920	915	10	0	0	915
French and non-official language	6,695	35	6,665	0	0	30
English, French and non-official language	1,580	100	465	1,015	0	610
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	234,960	19,520	204,030	9,525	1,890	24,275
None	194,535	12,055	175,895	4,835	1,750	14,475
English	15,400	1,840	12,925	620	10	2,150
French	11,420	3,740	4,980	2,605	95	5,040
Non-official language	10,960	1,500	9,130	300	30	1,655
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,950	1,505	9,115	300	30	1,650
English and French	1,245	50	80	1,105	10	605
English and non-official language	990	25	965	0	0	25
French and non-official language	360	305	40	15	0	310
English, French and non-official language	45	0	10	35	0	20
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	234,960	19,520	204,030	9,520	1,885	24,275
English	13,670	13,520	145	0	0	13,525
French	180,325	45	180,280	0	0	45
Non-official language	34,375	4,725	19,440	8,315	1,890	8,885
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	34,360	4,725	19,430	8,315	1,890	8,880
English and French	2,550	605	1,045	900	0	1,055
English and non-official language	520	510	0	0	0	515
French and non-official language	3,005	0	3,000	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	520	100	115	305	0	250
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	234,955	19,520	204,030	9,525	1,890	24,275
Official languages	233,000	19,505	203,975	9,520	0	24,265
English	124,380	19,510	95,355	9,520	0	24,265
French	226,605	13,105	203,975	9,520	0	17,865
Non-official languages	52,510	6,740	35,075	8,805	1,890	11,145
Aboriginal languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	52,495	6,740	35,060	8,805	1,890	11,145
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	234,955	19,515	204,030	9,525	1,890	24,280
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	2,445	225	2,200	10	0	235
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	2,265	220	2,035	15	0	230
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	1,155	140	1,010	10	0	140
Métis	1,100	80	1,010	10	0	85
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	65	0	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	110	10	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	232,515	19,290	201,825	9,505	1,890	24,045
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	234,955	19,515	204,030	9,520	1,890	24,280
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	475	30	450	0	0	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	234,480	19,485	203,585	9,525	1,890	24,250
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	234,960	19,515	204,025	9,520	1,890	24,275
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	1,735	50	1,675	10	0	50
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	1,655	45	1,600	10	0	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	1,395	45	1,350	0	0	45
Métis single ancestry	245	10	230	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	75	0	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	70	0	70	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	7,365	720	6,555	85	0	760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	7,220	715	6,425	85	0	755
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,315	610	5,615	85	0	650
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	870	100	770	0	0	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	0	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	140	10	135	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	10	110	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	225,865	18,750	195,800	9,425	1,890	23,465
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	234,960	19,515	204,030	9,520	1,890	24,275
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	221,880	17,665	195,090	7,810	1,315	21,570
Canadian citizens only	209,265	16,490	186,290	5,395	1,090	19,190
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	12,620	1,175	8,800	2,415	230	2,385
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	13,075	1,855	8,935	1,710	575	2,705
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	234,955	19,515	204,030	9,520	1,890	24,280
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	191,635	13,535	175,275	2,270	550	14,670
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	41,580	5,585	27,690	7,090	1,220	9,125
Before 1981	7,580	1,935	4,585	890	175	2,375
1981 to 1990	4,235	525	2,885	655	175	850
1991 to 2000	6,040	845	3,875	1,065	245	1,380
2001 to 2010	14,535	1,340	9,665	3,220	310	2,950
2001 to 2005	6,295	620	4,010	1,555	110	1,395
2006 to 2010	8,235	720	5,655	1,665	195	1,555
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	9,195	940	6,680	1,265	310	1,570
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	1,745	395	1,060	160	125	475
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	41,585	5,585	27,690	7,090	1,215	9,130
Under 5 years	4,510	455	3,460	515	75	715
5 to 14 years	7,070	800	4,705	1,550	20	1,575
15 to 24 years	7,535	1,465	4,615	1,315	145	2,120
25 to 44 years	20,015	2,530	13,525	3,525	435	4,290
45 years and over	2,455	335	1,390	195	545	430
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	41,585	5,580	27,690	7,090	1,220	9,125
Americas	11,840	1,305	8,185	2,090	270	2,350
Brazil	395	15	150	215	10	125
Colombia	1,680	85	1,040	465	90	320
El Salvador	285	15	185	75	10	55
Guyana	165	165	0	0	0	165
Haiti	4,080	40	3,800	185	60	130
Jamaica	80	75	10	0	0	75
Mexico	805	45	500	250	15	165
Peru	925	40	640	200	45	145
Trinidad and Tobago	175	175	0	0	0	170
United States^{Footnote 47}	635	350	260	25	0	365
Other places of birth in Americas	2,610	295	1,605	665	35	630
Europe	9,855	1,690	6,005	1,990	170	2,685
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	0	10	10	0	10
Croatia	70	30	10	30	0	50
France	2,850	15	2,820	10	0	20
Germany	295	155	115	25	0	170
Greece	405	185	30	115	70	240
Hungary	45	30	10	10	0	35
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	30	25	0	0	0	30
Italy	565	125	290	125	20	190
Netherlands	35	25	10	0	0	25
Poland	260	105	95	60	0	135
Portugal	720	110	440	145	25	185
Romania	1,655	95	795	745	25	470
Russian Federation	470	90	185	180	15	175
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	60	15	30	15	0	15
Ukraine	405	85	200	115	10	140
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	350	320	25	10	0	325
Other places of birth in Europe	1,615	275	935	395	10	475
Africa	12,165	455	10,485	1,160	60	1,035
Algeria	2,580	45	2,350	180	0	135
Egypt	525	145	265	100	20	195
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	20	0	10	0	0	10
Morocco	2,790	15	2,380	375	25	195
Nigeria	15	0	10	0	0	10
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,210	225	5,460	510	10	480
Asia	7,675	2,110	2,995	1,850	720	3,035
Afghanistan	1,125	215	400	370	135	400
Bangladesh	105	60	35	15	0	70
China^{Footnote 51}	1,495	495	495	290	220	635
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	160	80	15	50	15	105
India	235	180	0	50	0	205
Iran^{Footnote 53}	390	95	105	160	25	175
Iraq	55	10	35	0	15	0
Japan	60	15	35	10	0	20
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	155	55	50	30	20	70
Lebanon	600	45	445	90	20	90
Pakistan	375	160	105	100	10	210
Philippines	345	295	35	20	0	300
Sri Lanka	45	25	15	10	0	30
Syria^{Footnote 55}	115	20	45	25	25	30
Taiwan	115	35	45	15	15	40
Viet Nam	850	90	340	315	105	250
Other places of birth in Asia	1,455	235	795	310	115	390
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	45	20	20	0	0	25
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	9,195	940	6,680	1,260	310	1,570
Americas	2,305	265	1,530	425	90	475
Brazil	140	10	55	65	10	40
Colombia	465	20	310	110	30	75
Cuba	180	20	95	45	10	50
Haiti	705	10	655	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	195	10	105	65	10	40
United States^{Footnote 58}	105	65	35	10	0	65
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	165	30	90	50	0	55
Other places of birth in Americas	350	105	185	55	20	125
Europe	1,430	125	1,005	265	35	255
France	550	0	550	0	0	10
Germany	40	15	10	10	0	25
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	115	0	90	25	0	15
Romania	190	0	110	70	15	30
Russian Federation	115	15	35	60	10	45
Ukraine	160	40	75	35	0	65
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	15	10	0	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	230	25	130	60	10	60
Africa	4,255	170	3,765	290	30	320
Algeria	545	20	510	15	0	20
Cameroon	655	10	645	0	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	125	0	115	15	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	555	0	555	0	0	0
Egypt	85	40	25	25	0	50
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	700	10	605	65	20	40
Nigeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	175	0	135	45	0	20
Other places of birth in Africa	1,400	90	1,175	135	0	155
Asia	1,185	365	365	285	160	510
Afghanistan	215	65	50	50	50	90
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 63}	300	120	85	40	60	135
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 65}	170	50	35	90	0	95
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	40	0	25	15	0	10
Japan	20	15	10	0	0	15
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	10	25	15	0	15
Nepal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	15	50	10	10	20
Philippines	35	20	10	0	0	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 67}	45	10	10	10	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	0	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	25	15	0	10	0	20
Viet Nam	40	0	30	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	25	35	25	15	30
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	20	10	10	0	0	10
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	234,955	19,515	204,030	9,525	1,890	24,280
First generation^{Footnote 71}	44,090	6,170	29,275	7,290	1,355	9,815
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	26,880	4,795	19,950	1,615	520	5,600
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	163,990	8,550	154,795	625	15	8,865
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	34,685	3,705	23,630	6,290	1,065	6,850
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	20,090	1,675	14,175	3,990	250	3,670
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	8,865	795	6,135	1,845	95	1,720
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	11,220	880	8,045	2,135	160	1,950
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	8,780	1,435	5,900	990	460	1,930
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	5,440	565	3,275	1,290	320	1,205
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	380	30	285	25	35	40
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	234,955	19,520	204,025	9,520	1,890	24,275
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	43,615	5,620	30,810	5,705	1,480	8,465
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	1,895	1,015	450	380	45	1,210
Chinese	3,295	925	1,360	615	395	1,230
Black	16,515	1,450	14,545	445	75	1,670
Filipino	495	415	55	20	0	430
Latin American	7,355	445	4,715	1,820	380	1,355
Arab	7,415	380	5,950	960	130	865
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	2,615	235	1,640	555	180	515
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	1,940	295	835	590	220	590
Korean	245	80	120	25	25	95
Japanese	155	20	110	20	10	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	660	155	405	90	10	200
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	1,030	195	625	180	25	285
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	191,345	13,900	173,220	3,820	410	15,805
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	234,955	19,515	204,025	9,520	1,885	24,275
North American Aboriginal origins	9,095	770	8,230	95	0	815
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,915	665	7,165	85	0	705
Inuit	85	0	90	0	0	0
Métis	1,310	115	1,180	10	0	115
Other North American origins	132,915	5,405	126,885	575	55	5,690
Acadian	1,055	55	995	0	0	60
American	1,320	435	870	10	0	440
Canadian	125,315	5,015	119,740	520	45	5,275
New Brunswicker	40	0	45	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	15	0	0	0	20
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	65	0	60	0	0	0
Québécois	7,215	75	7,085	45	10	100
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	91,145	12,240	74,585	3,940	385	14,205
British Isles origins	22,500	7,060	15,035	395	10	7,260
Channel Islander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	6,920	3,475	3,220	225	0	3,585
Irish	13,775	3,410	10,200	160	0	3,495
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,770	2,545	3,155	70	0	2,585
Welsh	270	215	60	0	0	210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	1,000	705	290	10	0	710
French origins	58,065	3,115	54,490	440	20	3,335
Alsatian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Breton	380	0	385	0	0	0
Corsican	25	0	25	0	0	0
French	57,775	3,110	54,205	445	15	3,330
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,450	1,530	5,625	280	10	1,670
Austrian	340	125	190	30	0	140
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,000	140	1,850	0	0	140
Dutch	670	290	375	10	0	295
Flemish	55	0	50	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,225	1,025	2,945	240	10	1,145
Luxembourger	30	0	20	0	0	0
Swiss	610	75	500	40	0	95
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	565	300	245	15	0	315
Danish	165	100	60	0	0	105
Finnish	30	10	15	0	0	10
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	220	140	70	0	0	140
Swedish	115	50	60	10	0	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	45	10	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,725	1,795	4,055	1,755	120	2,670
Bulgarian	415	65	170	170	10	145
Byelorussian	70	15	40	15	0	25
Czech	130	45	60	20	0	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	50	30	10	10	0	35
Estonian	45	20	25	0	0	20
Hungarian	540	190	285	65	0	220
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	10
Lithuanian	235	60	145	35	0	75
Moldovan	340	15	210	90	25	60
Polish	1,835	690	985	155	0	765
Romanian	2,345	155	1,295	840	55	575
Russian	1,310	280	675	320	35	445
Slovak	115	60	25	30	0	75
Ukrainian	1,550	520	765	255	20	645
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	15,640	3,450	10,260	1,670	260	4,290
Albanian	70	10	35	20	0	20
Bosnian	30	10	15	10	0	10
Catalan	30	0	15	20	0	0
Croatian	205	50	95	70	0	80
Cypriot	20	0	10	10	0	10
Greek	1,365	630	435	230	70	745
Italian	8,220	1,700	5,935	525	60	1,965
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	0	0	0	15
Maltese	35	15	20	0	0	20
Montenegrin	15	15	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,715	635	1,680	355	45	815
Serbian	145	40	75	35	0	55
Sicilian	60	0	60	0	0	0
Slovenian	225	180	40	10	0	180
Spanish	3,505	390	2,415	600	95	695
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	85	15	60	10	0	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	615	100	460	55	0	125
Basque	110	0	105	0	0	10
Jewish	320	75	195	45	0	100
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	185	15	165	0	0	20
Caribbean origins	9,485	1,055	7,930	430	70	1,270
Antiguan	20	15	10	0	0	15
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	145	140	10	0	0	140
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	480	25	305	140	10	95
Dominican	540	45	435	55	0	80
Grenadian	50	50	0	0	0	50
Guadeloupean	80	0	80	0	0	0
Haitian	7,405	150	7,005	200	55	245
Jamaican	375	245	100	25	0	265
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	105	10	100	0	0	0
Montserratan	35	35	0	0	0	35
Puerto Rican	20	0	10	10	0	10
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	280	210	65	0	0	210
Vincentian/Grenadinian	70	70	0	0	0	70
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	245	145	75	20	0	155
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	165	40	130	0	0	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	8,850	805	5,775	1,880	395	1,745
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	290	25	135	115	20	80
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	150	30	80	45	0	50
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	40	0	30	10	0	10
Brazilian	535	15	335	160	30	95
Chilean	1,225	0	1,020	185	20	95
Colombian	2,300	120	1,445	540	195	390
Costa Rican	40	0	30	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	85	10	55	10	10	15
Guatemalan	380	20	290	50	15	45
Guyanese	240	220	15	10	0	225
Hispanic	40	15	15	15	0	20
Honduran	85	0	70	10	0	10
Maya	70	0	70	0	0	0
Mexican	1,165	95	755	275	35	235
Nicaraguan	100	25	55	15	0	35
Panamanian	60	25	25	10	0	35
Paraguayan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	1,345	95	985	215	50	200
Salvadorean	580	55	355	145	30	125
Uruguayan	45	0	40	10	0	10
Venezuelan	570	50	345	170	0	135
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	190	25	110	50	0	50
African origins	18,100	885	15,890	1,195	130	1,485
Central and West African origins	5,295	135	5,010	140	10	205
Akan	55	0	55	0	0	0
Angolan	35	0	25	10	0	10
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	280	0	285	0	0	0
Burkinabe	240	0	225	0	0	10
Cameroonian	1,415	15	1,385	10	0	25
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	845	30	795	15	0	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	55	0	55	0	0	0
Gambian	20	15	0	0	0	15
Ghanaian	40	20	20	0	0	20
Guinean	320	20	285	25	0	30
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	720	0	705	0	0	10
Liberian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	245	0	230	0	0	10
Malinké	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nigerian	100	10	95	0	0	0
Peulh	110	0	105	0	0	0
Senegalese	695	25	600	65	10	55
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	245	15	230	0	0	10
Wolof	65	0	60	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	0	30	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	365	15	330	25	0	25
North African origins	8,795	295	7,645	765	90	680
Algerian	2,460	25	2,300	115	20	90
Berber	1,510	15	1,420	70	10	50
Coptic	30	0	20	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	750	185	430	115	20	240
Libyan	65	35	10	30	0	50
Maure	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	3,465	10	3,085	330	35	170
Sudanese	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	785	25	640	105	10	80
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	100	0	90	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	1,560	175	1,170	195	10	275
Afrikaner	0	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	90	0	90	0	0	0
Burundian	275	20	240	10	0	25
Djiboutian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	25	0	0	0	25
Ethiopian	25	10	15	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	365	20	330	15	0	25
Mauritian	440	50	275	120	0	110
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	225	25	175	20	0	35
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	35	0	25	0	0	0
South African	50	15	10	25	0	25
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	20	10	0	0	25
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	45	10	30	0	0	0
Other African origins	2,675	290	2,245	125	25	350
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	190	65	105	0	15	70
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	2,530	230	2,175	120	10	285
Asian origins	16,135	3,730	8,485	2,895	1,025	5,180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,530	840	4,000	1,300	390	1,490
Afghan	1,750	250	750	555	190	530
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	1,695	85	1,360	210	40	190
Armenian	350	55	235	50	10	85
Assyrian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	70	10	40	10	10	15
Iranian	530	115	205	165	45	200
Iraqi	50	10	40	0	0	10
Israeli	15	10	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	60	25	0	30	10	40
Kazakh	15	0	10	10	0	0
Kurd	50	0	35	10	0	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,420	125	1,090	160	40	205
Palestinian	110	55	55	0	0	55
Pashtun	60	20	0	25	20	30
Saudi Arabian	15	10	0	0	10	0
Syrian	305	50	200	30	20	65
Tajik	55	10	25	20	10	15
Tatar	30	0	15	15	0	10
Turk	205	35	125	30	10	55
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	35	25	0	0	10	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	30	20	10	0	10	20
South Asian origins	2,185	1,060	730	370	25	1,250
Bangladeshi	70	40	15	10	0	45
Bengali	75	40	10	30	0	50
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,565	685	615	250	10	815
Goan	20	20	0	0	0	20
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	325	195	45	75	10	235
Punjabi	35	25	0	0	0	25
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	65	25	30	10	0	25
Tamil	10	10	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	40	40	0	0	0	40
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,565	1,850	3,830	1,260	620	2,480
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	615	30	490	45	50	50
Chinese	4,050	1,040	1,900	685	425	1,390
Filipino	575	490	60	15	0	500
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	50	10	35	0	0	10
Japanese	205	30	135	30	10	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	320	110	145	35	30	130
Laotian	665	25	510	90	45	70
Malaysian	30	15	15	10	0	15
Mongolian	45	10	35	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	70	25	25	10	10	30
Thai	60	20	35	10	0	20
Tibetan	15	10	0	0	0	10
Vietnamese	1,535	155	885	395	100	350
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	20	10	0	0	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	30	20	10	0	0	15
Oceania origins	80	30	35	15	0	40
Australian	60	25	30	10	0	30
New Zealander	20	10	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	197,230	17,220	170,540	8,215	1,250	21,330
No certificate, diploma or degree	40,085	3,060	35,070	1,165	790	3,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	43,975	4,995	37,090	1,690	195	5,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	113,170	9,165	98,380	5,360	265	11,845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	31,690	1,995	28,900	725	75	2,360
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	23,005	1,355	21,085	530	35	1,620
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	8,685	645	7,810	195	35	740
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	34,195	3,275	29,470	1,370	80	3,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,770	405	7,005	340	15	575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	39,515	3,490	33,010	2,920	100	4,945
Bachelor's degree	25,825	2,400	21,690	1,665	70	3,230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,655	270	3,055	315	15	425
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	730	35	580	120	0	95
Master's degree	8,150	685	6,765	685	15	1,035
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	1,150	90	915	140	0	160
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	197,225	17,220	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	84,060	8,055	72,160	2,860	985	9,485
Education	6,540	430	5,950	145	15	500
13. Education	6,545	430	5,950	145	15	500
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,115	480	4,475	155	0	560
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,100	90	980	30	0	100
50. Visual and performing arts	4,015	390	3,490	130	10	455
Humanities	6,295	510	5,440	335	10	680
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	995	110	790	90	0	160
23. English language and literature/letters	255	75	125	55	0	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,225	150	2,910	165	0	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	35	10	20	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	275	25	250	0	0	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	280	30	250	0	0	30
54. History	440	85	355	0	0	85
55. French language and literature/letters	785	25	735	25	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,560	1,230	9,720	585	30	1,520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	110	0	105	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,605	85	1,465	55	0	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,495	175	2,215	95	15	220
22. Legal professions and studies	2,330	115	2,105	105	10	165
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	250	15	220	20	0	25
42. Psychology	1,530	200	1,270	55	0	230
45. Social sciences	3,235	640	2,335	255	10	765
Business, management and public administration	27,190	2,070	23,785	1,275	55	2,710
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,255	55	1,175	30	0	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25,910	2,010	22,605	1,250	50	2,635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,040	405	3,280	335	20	575
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,365	145	1,125	100	0	195
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	755	95	585	75	0	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	350	10	330	10	0	15
40. Physical sciences	1,390	150	1,085	140	15	220
41. Science technologies/technicians	175	10	155	0	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,825	690	4,705	430	0	905
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,960	620	3,950	395	0	815
25. Library science	380	20	360	0	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	440	45	360	25	0	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	50	0	40	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	23,575	1,855	20,425	1,250	55	2,475
04. Architecture and related services	860	55	760	45	0	80
14. Engineering	5,070	505	3,745	790	30	900
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,305	325	3,840	140	0	390
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,320	310	4,925	75	10	345
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,805	395	4,285	120	0	460
48. Precision production	3,205	265	2,855	85	0	305
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,205	65	1,040	90	10	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	805	40	680	75	0	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	30	355	10	0	30
Health and related fields	13,675	900	12,150	590	40	1,190
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	720	90	605	15	10	100
51. Health professions and related programs	12,795	795	11,425	545	35	1,065
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	165	20	120	25	0	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,140	520	7,405	180	30	605
12. Personal and culinary services	4,960	350	4,480	100	30	400
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	10	40	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	1,465	85	1,360	20	10	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,665	80	1,530	55	0	110
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	197,230	17,220	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	84,060	8,050	72,160	2,860	985	9,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	113,170	9,165	98,380	5,365	265	11,845
Location of study inside Canada	100,355	7,065	90,365	2,920	10	8,520
Same as province or territory of residence	98,225	6,490	88,925	2,805	10	7,895
Different than province or territory of residence	2,130	570	1,445	115	0	630
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	12,815	2,105	8,015	2,440	255	3,325
United States^{Footnote 130}	570	235	295	35	0	255
Philippines	140	135	10	0	0	135
India	115	115	0	10	0	115
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	260	160	55	40	10	180
China^{Footnote 132}	540	290	95	110	45	345
France	2,085	40	1,940	110	0	90
Other	9,100	1,130	5,630	2,135	205	2,200
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	197,225	17,220	170,545	8,220	1,245	not applicable ...
In the labour force	127,355	10,650	110,495	5,945	260	not applicable ...
Employed	118,070	9,790	102,575	5,475	230	not applicable ...
Unemployed	9,285	865	7,915	470	35	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	69,870	6,565	60,045	2,275	985	not applicable ...
Participation rate	64.6	61.8	64.8	72.3	20.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	59.9	56.9	60.1	66.6	18.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	7.3	8.1	7.2	7.9	13.5	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	197,230	17,215	170,540	8,220	1,250	21,330
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	66,545	6,205	57,190	2,195	960	7,300
Worked	130,685	11,010	113,355	6,025	285	14,025
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	63,110	5,660	54,660	2,725	65	7,020
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	67,580	5,355	58,690	3,305	225	7,010
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.9	42.9	41.3	35.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	134,410	11,350	116,460	6,285	315	14,495
a.Management	11,430	1,125	9,800	480	20	1,365
00 Senior management occupations	1,515	105	1,395	20	0	115
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,350	350	3,855	140	10	420
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,895	470	3,175	235	20	590
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,670	200	1,375	95	0	245
b.Professional	23,420	1,865	20,165	1,380	10	2,555
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	5,080	450	4,365	265	0	580
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,855	570	4,705	575	0	860
30 Professional occupations in nursing	2,010	90	1,840	75	0	130
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,345	75	1,185	80	10	115
40 Professional occupations in education services	4,455	340	3,935	175	0	430
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,885	180	2,565	135	0	255
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,790	155	1,565	70	0	190
c.Technical and paraprofessional	16,035	1,090	14,095	825	25	1,500
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,275	350	3,620	305	0	495
32 Technical occupations in health	2,950	150	2,665	130	0	220
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	4,715	295	4,170	235	15	410
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	845	55	770	15	0	65
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,250	240	2,865	140	10	310
d.Administration and administrative support	19,765	1,745	17,170	830	15	2,160
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	8,905	730	7,840	335	0	900
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,350	95	1,185	70	0	125
14 Office support occupations	5,925	615	5,010	290	0	765
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	3,585	305	3,135	135	10	375
e.Sales	14,655	1,390	12,540	710	15	1,740
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,470	305	2,050	120	0	365
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	6,115	555	5,245	320	0	710
66 Sales support occupations	6,070	530	5,245	275	20	670
f.Personal and customer information services	25,005	2,430	21,060	1,355	160	3,105
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,965	170	2,675	115	0	230
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,640	200	1,380	55	0	235
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	4,560	540	3,605	325	90	700
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,610	820	6,385	390	15	1,015
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	8,230	690	7,015	470	55	930
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	9,390	640	8,540	185	20	730
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	5,790	330	5,335	115	15	390
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,600	310	3,205	65	15	340
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	8,470	640	7,565	260	0	765
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,520	235	2,240	45	0	260
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	4,530	300	4,035	190	0	400
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,420	100	1,295	25	0	110
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	815	75	715	20	10	85
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	0	105	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	130	10	105	10	10	15
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	570	60	505	0	0	60
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,440	365	4,805	235	30	485
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	690	25	635	35	0	40
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,650	130	1,420	85	20	170
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,195	95	1,050	45	0	120
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,900	110	1,705	75	15	145
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	134,415	11,355	116,460	6,285	315	14,495
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	390	25	335	25	10	30
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	295	20	260	20	0	25
113 Forestry and logging	30	0	25	10	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	0	10	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	55	10	50	0	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	10	115	10	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	0	10	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	65	0	65	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	55	10	35	10	0	10
22 Utilities	1,210	30	1,170	10	0	35
221 Utilities	1,210	30	1,170	10	0	35
23 Construction	7,280	530	6,545	200	0	635
236 Construction of buildings	2,295	210	2,015	75	0	250
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	570	20	535	20	0	30
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,410	300	4,000	110	0	360
31-33 Manufacturing	12,975	1,040	11,240	645	55	1,360
311 Food manufacturing	2,210	100	1,985	110	10	165
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	255	15	235	0	0	15
313 Textile mills	45	0	40	0	0	10
314 Textile product mills	75	10	70	0	0	10
315 Clothing manufacturing	350	70	220	40	20	85
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	20	0	10	10	0	10
321 Wood product manufacturing	215	15	190	15	0	15
322 Paper manufacturing	290	20	260	10	0	20
323 Printing and related support activities	810	65	730	15	0	70
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	60	0	50	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	935	70	815	45	0	95
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	540	20	500	15	0	30
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	325	15	290	20	0	25
331 Primary metal manufacturing	305	20	265	20	0	35
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,045	95	905	40	0	115
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,005	115	825	55	10	145
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	580	65	480	30	0	85
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	510	30	435	35	0	50
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	2,090	200	1,765	125	0	260
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	585	30	540	15	0	35
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	735	80	620	30	10	95
41 Wholesale trade	5,190	545	4,455	185	10	635
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	55	15	35	10	0	20
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	30	0	25	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	1,080	90	930	55	10	120
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	950	145	790	20	0	155
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	490	50	435	10	0	50
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	920	55	840	25	0	70
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	845	100	695	45	0	120
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	620	80	525	15	0	85
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	195	15	170	0	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	18,010	1,565	15,670	725	45	1,925
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,445	130	1,290	30	0	145
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	785	40	715	30	10	50
443 Electronics and appliance stores	495	50	410	30	0	70
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,425	80	1,320	20	0	90
445 Food and beverage stores	4,835	355	4,200	260	30	480
446 Health and personal care stores	2,030	135	1,820	70	10	165
447 Gasoline stations	405	30	360	0	0	35
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	2,290	235	1,930	130	0	295
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	820	120	680	15	0	130
452 General merchandise stores	2,170	230	1,835	95	0	280
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	985	100	855	30	0	115
454 Non-store retailers	320	60	240	15	0	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,705	765	5,620	320	0	925
481 Air transportation	330	50	270	10	0	55
482 Rail transportation	395	80	300	20	0	90
483 Water transportation	65	10	55	10	0	10
484 Truck transportation	1,670	165	1,410	95	0	215
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,955	75	1,790	90	0	115
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	0	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	955	185	710	55	0	215
491 Postal service	395	30	350	10	0	40
492 Couriers and messengers	520	100	385	35	0	115
493 Warehousing and storage	405	70	335	0	0	65
51 Information and cultural industries	4,500	415	3,930	150	0	495
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	765	135	595	40	0	155
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	880	70	790	25	0	80
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	760	25	730	0	0	30
517 Telecommunications	1,715	130	1,500	85	0	175
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	10	25	0	0	10
519 Other information services	340	45	295	0	0	45
52 Finance and insurance	6,800	720	5,710	370	0	910
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	3,560	340	3,015	215	0	445
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	880	140	685	50	0	165
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	2,320	245	1,970	105	0	300
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	40	0	40	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,165	200	1,840	125	0	265
531 Real estate	1,745	170	1,460	110	0	225
532 Rental and leasing services	420	35	370	15	0	40
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	10	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,570	1,085	8,790	700	0	1,430
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,570	1,080	8,790	700	0	1,430
55 Management of companies and enterprises	105	15	80	10	0	20
551 Management of companies and enterprises	105	15	80	10	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	7,045	630	5,940	430	40	845
561 Administrative and support services	6,615	610	5,540	430	40	820
562 Waste management and remediation services	430	20	405	10	0	20
61 Educational services	8,820	830	7,645	330	10	995
611 Educational services	8,815	835	7,650	330	15	995
62 Health care and social assistance	17,315	900	15,660	750	0	1,270
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,350	185	2,990	180	0	270
622 Hospitals	6,755	345	6,160	250	0	470
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,870	110	2,660	100	0	160
624 Social assistance	4,340	255	3,855	220	0	370
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,280	175	2,920	185	0	270
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	1,115	45	1,020	45	0	70
712 Heritage institutions	215	15	195	10	0	20
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,950	115	1,705	130	0	180
72 Accommodation and food services	8,930	1,040	7,160	630	100	1,355
721 Accommodation services	880	130	660	85	10	170
722 Food services and drinking places	8,050	915	6,505	545	90	1,185
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,965	550	5,190	195	30	640
811 Repair and maintenance	1,750	165	1,515	60	0	195
812 Personal and laundry services	1,865	210	1,575	60	15	240
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,010	100	1,840	60	0	135
814 Private households	345	65	260	15	10	75
91 Public administration	7,020	290	6,430	300	10	435
911 Federal government public administration	2,065	180	1,775	105	0	235
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	2,225	30	2,055	135	0	100
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,705	60	2,580	55	10	90
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	10	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	25	15	15	0	0	10
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	118,070	9,790	102,580	5,475	230	12,525
Worked at home	6,325	545	5,475	290	15	690
Worked outside Canada	335	70	235	30	0	85
No fixed workplace address	10,430	905	8,980	500	50	1,155
Worked at usual place	100,980	8,265	87,890	4,655	170	10,595
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	134,415	11,350	116,460	6,290	315	14,490
English	10,910	5,260	4,750	875	30	5,690
French	111,340	4,015	103,900	3,345	85	5,690
Non-official language	620	195	125	125	170	255
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	620	190	130	125	170	255
English and French	10,740	1,730	7,280	1,725	10	2,590
English and non-official language	175	120	30	25	10	130
French and non-official language	270	10	205	40	20	25
English, French and non-official language	360	30	175	155	0	105
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	134,415	11,350	116,460	6,285	315	14,495
None	85,170	5,270	76,120	3,535	245	7,035
English	39,920	2,940	35,270	1,705	15	3,785
French	7,405	2,885	3,915	605	10	3,180
Non-official language	1,215	180	705	290	40	325
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,215	180	705	290	40	325
English and French	35	10	10	25	0	20
English and non-official language	540	40	405	90	10	85
French and non-official language	115	30	40	35	0	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	100,980	8,265	87,890	4,655	170	10,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	34,455	1,945	31,370	1,095	45	2,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,495	1,470	16,150	840	30	1,885
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	47,805	4,795	40,210	2,710	90	6,155
Commute to a different province or territory	225	55	155	10	0	60
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	111,410	9,170	96,865	5,155	215	11,750
Car, truck, van - as a driver	75,595	5,515	66,800	3,190	95	7,110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,565	370	2,980	180	30	455
Public transit	25,565	2,825	21,070	1,600	70	3,630
Walked	4,240	330	3,805	90	10	375
Bicycle	1,680	80	1,535	70	0	115
Other method	760	45	685	30	10	60
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	111,410	9,170	96,865	5,155	215	11,745
Less than 15 minutes	21,220	1,360	19,180	655	25	1,690
15 to 29 minutes	37,690	2,535	33,620	1,465	70	3,270
30 to 44 minutes	26,100	2,215	22,525	1,315	50	2,875
45 to 59 minutes	14,665	1,485	12,290	865	25	1,915
60 minutes and over	11,730	1,570	9,255	860	45	2,000
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	111,405	9,170	96,870	5,155	215	11,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,705	735	7,730	225	10	850
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	21,480	1,550	19,015	840	70	1,975
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	31,930	2,475	27,855	1,580	25	3,270
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	19,925	1,585	17,230	1,070	35	2,120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	11,215	1,270	9,235	665	50	1,600
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,155	1,540	15,805	785	20	1,935
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	232,365	19,370	201,840	9,425	1,730	24,080
Non-movers	202,825	16,880	176,380	8,095	1,465	20,930
Movers	29,540	2,485	25,460	1,335	265	3,150
Non-migrants	16,660	1,125	14,735	705	100	1,480
Migrants	12,880	1,360	10,725	625	170	1,675
Internal migrants	10,880	935	9,435	485	25	1,175
Intraprovincial migrants	10,375	715	9,195	440	25	930
Interprovincial migrants	500	225	240	45	0	245
External migrants	2,000	430	1,290	140	145	495
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	221,585	18,765	192,405	9,110	1,305	23,320
Non-movers	134,065	11,940	116,940	4,490	695	14,185
Movers	87,520	6,825	75,470	4,620	610	9,135
Non-migrants	48,240	3,070	42,865	2,080	220	4,115
Migrants	39,280	3,750	32,605	2,540	390	5,020
Internal migrants	30,920	2,655	26,775	1,400	95	3,355
Intraprovincial migrants	29,915	2,210	26,280	1,335	90	2,880
Interprovincial migrants	1,010	440	500	60	0	475
External migrants	8,355	1,095	5,825	1,140	295	1,665

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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