Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Montréal, V
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	1,663,220	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,970
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,663,220	399,365	1,082,140	141,225	40,500	469,975
0 to 14 years	265,335	51,270	181,795	20,805	11,460	61,680
0 to 4 years	98,725	17,790	66,010	4,845	10,080	20,215
5 to 9 years	90,915	16,970	65,515	7,285	1,145	20,610
10 to 14 years	75,695	16,510	50,265	8,680	235	20,850
15 to 64 years	1,154,660	296,245	740,395	105,555	12,470	349,025
15 to 19 years	80,640	20,465	48,985	10,995	190	25,965
20 to 24 years	122,825	33,945	76,620	11,995	270	39,940
25 to 29 years	141,495	36,835	92,345	11,825	485	42,750
30 to 34 years	140,835	35,675	90,285	14,190	690	42,765
35 to 39 years	133,825	31,340	87,230	14,260	995	38,475
40 to 44 years	114,010	28,775	71,875	12,185	1,175	34,865
45 to 49 years	108,335	30,500	65,785	10,350	1,700	35,675
50 to 54 years	112,120	30,690	71,370	7,895	2,165	34,635
55 to 59 years	107,865	26,700	72,375	6,530	2,265	29,965
60 to 64 years	92,715	21,315	63,525	5,330	2,545	23,985
65 years and over	243,225	51,845	159,945	14,865	16,565	59,275
65 to 69 years	78,500	17,905	52,600	5,175	2,815	20,495
70 to 74 years	58,120	11,735	39,950	3,405	3,035	13,435
75 to 79 years	45,100	9,300	29,205	3,135	3,460	10,865
80 to 84 years	33,045	6,830	20,875	1,955	3,390	7,805
85 years and over	28,455	6,075	17,320	1,195	3,865	6,670
85 to 89 years	19,675	4,085	12,210	875	2,505	4,520
90 to 94 years	7,095	1,635	4,150	275	1,040	1,775
95 to 99 years	1,530	320	880	45	280	345
100 years and over	155	35	80	10	35	40
Average age	39.5	39.8	39.4	36.8	48.1	not applicable ...
Median age	37.9	38.4	37.8	35.3	57.6	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	1,397,885	348,090	900,340	120,420	29,040	408,300
Married or living common law	677,505	172,460	424,830	63,620	16,590	204,275
Married	471,375	141,200	255,710	58,300	16,160	170,350
Living common law	206,130	31,260	169,120	5,320	430	33,920
Not married and not living common law	720,380	175,630	475,505	56,795	12,450	204,025
Never married	517,640	129,510	341,895	44,135	2,100	151,575
Separated	29,220	7,500	18,265	2,460	995	8,735
Divorced	110,305	25,830	75,130	7,245	2,105	29,450
Widowed	63,215	12,795	40,220	2,960	7,250	14,270
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	1,397,890	348,090	900,340	120,415	29,040	408,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,343,415	333,230	869,350	112,760	28,075	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,079	39,223	42,110	32,593	17,404	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,319	26,293	30,757	24,478	17,123	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,343,565	333,275	869,445	112,765	28,080	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,905	32,087	34,382	27,974	16,670	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,242	24,642	28,034	23,333	17,033	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,150,355	283,375	753,100	99,015	14,870	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,573	39,611	41,280	30,623	12,045	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,093	25,643	29,198	21,158	7,991	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,084,905	267,825	695,425	94,385	27,275	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,668	6,891	7,939	6,812	11,350	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,794	3,211	5,609	3,342	12,762	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	945,510	235,025	622,890	81,140	6,460	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,692	39,223	41,118	31,919	16,849	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,607	26,832	30,348	23,859	14,147	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	84.5	85.9	84.9	82.5	36.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	69.7	70.5	70.0	70.5	22.3	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	15.5	14.1	15.1	17.5	63.3	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	1,397,885	348,090	900,340	120,420	29,040	408,300
Without total income	54,470	14,860	30,985	7,660	970	18,690
With total income	1,343,415	333,230	869,355	112,760	28,075	389,610
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.7	96.6	93.6	96.7	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	211,290	62,515	119,225	23,375	6,170	74,205
$10,000 to $19,999	276,800	67,590	172,065	23,695	13,450	79,440
$20,000 to $29,999	213,525	53,560	135,055	19,300	5,615	63,205
$30,000 to $39,999	167,585	40,385	111,480	13,905	1,820	47,335
$40,000 to $49,999	135,605	30,535	93,445	11,080	540	36,075
$50,000 to $59,999	95,490	20,850	67,460	6,940	235	24,320
$60,000 to $69,999	65,170	14,595	46,065	4,395	110	16,795
$70,000 to $79,999	49,175	10,965	35,170	2,990	50	12,460
$80,000 to $89,999	33,885	7,950	23,800	2,105	25	9,005
$90,000 to $99,999	22,370	5,355	15,520	1,480	10	6,095
$100,000 and over	72,525	18,930	50,065	3,480	50	20,670
$100,000 to $149,999	46,375	11,675	32,185	2,480	35	12,915
$150,000 and over	26,145	7,260	17,880	1,000	10	7,760
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	1,397,890	348,090	900,340	120,415	29,040	408,295
Without after-tax income	54,320	14,815	30,895	7,650	965	18,635
With after-tax income	1,343,565	333,275	869,445	112,770	28,075	389,660
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	95.7	96.6	93.7	96.7	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	215,510	63,620	122,065	23,590	6,230	75,415
$10,000 to $19,999	288,380	70,740	179,475	24,550	13,620	83,015
$20,000 to $29,999	253,415	63,350	162,015	22,175	5,875	74,440
$30,000 to $39,999	209,635	48,560	142,280	17,080	1,710	57,100
$40,000 to $49,999	143,415	31,250	100,565	11,190	415	36,845
$50,000 to $59,999	87,075	19,630	61,495	5,830	115	22,545
$60,000 to $69,999	53,675	12,170	38,030	3,420	45	13,880
$70,000 to $79,999	30,365	7,415	20,890	2,030	30	8,430
$80,000 and over	62,095	16,540	42,620	2,895	40	17,990
$80,000 to $89,999	18,670	4,685	12,935	1,030	20	5,200
$90,000 to $99,999	11,625	3,035	7,965	620	10	3,340
$100,000 and over	31,800	8,825	21,720	1,245	10	9,450
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	1,397,885	348,090	900,335	120,415	29,040	408,300
Without employment income	452,375	113,060	277,450	39,275	22,585	132,705
With employment income	945,510	235,030	622,890	81,140	6,455	275,595
Percentage with employment income	67.6	67.5	69.2	67.4	22.2	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	129,260	32,305	83,150	12,645	1,160	38,630
$5,000 to $9,999	82,560	21,425	51,680	8,395	1,060	25,620
$10,000 to $19,999	151,240	39,310	95,150	14,765	2,020	46,695
$20,000 to $29,999	125,850	34,185	78,790	11,575	1,305	39,970
$30,000 to $39,999	112,765	27,255	75,060	9,930	520	32,220
$40,000 to $49,999	90,515	21,060	61,550	7,690	220	24,905
$50,000 to $59,999	66,995	15,200	46,730	4,965	95	17,685
$60,000 to $69,999	48,005	10,990	33,620	3,360	40	12,665
$70,000 to $79,999	39,805	8,765	28,685	2,345	15	9,935
$80,000 and over	98,520	24,540	68,485	5,475	20	27,275
$80,000 to $89,999	25,780	6,115	18,020	1,640	0	6,935
$90,000 to $99,999	17,125	3,975	11,925	1,225	0	4,585
$100,000 and over	55,615	14,450	38,535	2,610	20	15,755
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	1,397,890	348,090	900,340	120,420	29,040	408,295
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	393,485	103,365	256,595	31,750	1,780	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	45,987	44,258	47,593	41,587	22,305	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	57,373	56,589	58,979	48,834	23,844	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	1,663,225	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,495	469,975
English only	169,370	169,370	0	0	0	169,365
French only	493,775	0	493,775	0	0	0
English and French	958,470	229,695	587,635	141,135	0	300,265
Neither English nor French	41,610	300	720	85	40,500	345
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
English	305,630	283,725	21,905	0	0	283,725
French	889,565	9,900	879,670	0	0	9,900
Non-official language	317,850	68,890	92,375	116,090	40,500	126,930
Aboriginal	140	70	20	50	0	95
Non-Aboriginal	317,710	68,820	92,355	116,040	40,500	126,840
English and French	26,895	4,590	10,860	11,445	0	10,310
English and non-official language	30,310	29,855	455	0	0	29,850
French and non-official language	73,220	455	72,760	0	0	455
English, French and non-official language	19,745	1,945	4,105	13,695	0	8,795
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	1,663,225	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
None	1,183,040	251,560	821,705	72,340	37,430	287,730
English	142,305	30,405	93,975	17,305	620	39,055
French	131,425	44,065	56,695	29,490	1,165	58,815
Non-official language	163,980	61,100	96,480	5,330	1,070	63,760
Aboriginal	180	130	50	0	0	130
Non-Aboriginal	163,800	60,970	96,435	5,330	1,075	63,630
English and French	18,360	1,045	1,485	15,645	185	8,865
English and non-official language	11,585	775	10,630	175	0	865
French and non-official language	11,715	10,350	1,130	220	15	10,465
English, French and non-official language	815	60	30	720	0	420
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
English	207,075	206,360	715	0	0	206,360
French	818,860	605	818,255	0	0	605
Non-official language	561,465	169,940	221,700	129,320	40,500	234,600
Aboriginal	390	245	80	60	0	280
Non-Aboriginal	561,075	169,695	221,620	129,260	40,495	234,325
English and French	19,215	5,995	5,760	7,470	0	9,725
English and non-official language	14,440	14,320	125	0	0	14,320
French and non-official language	34,165	220	33,945	0	0	215
English, French and non-official language	7,995	1,925	1,630	4,435	0	4,145
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	1,663,225	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
Official languages	1,621,615	399,060	1,081,415	141,135	0	469,630
English	1,127,835	399,060	587,640	141,135	0	469,630
French	1,452,245	229,695	1,081,415	141,140	0	300,260
Non-official languages	799,640	230,555	392,865	135,725	40,500	298,415
Aboriginal languages	580	360	150	65	0	390
Non-Aboriginal languages	799,110	230,210	392,735	135,660	40,500	298,045
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	1,663,220	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	12,030	3,250	8,625	160	0	3,330
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	11,350	3,030	8,170	140	0	3,105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	5,465	1,870	3,550	45	0	1,895
Métis	5,375	900	4,420	60	0	930
Inuk (Inuit)	500	260	200	40	0	280
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	270	90	175	10	0	90
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	415	125	275	0	0	135
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,651,185	396,110	1,073,510	141,065	40,500	466,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,135	141,225	40,495	469,975
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	3,060	1,125	1,925	15	0	1,130
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,660,160	398,240	1,080,205	141,215	40,500	468,845
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	1,663,225	399,360	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	6,005	840	5,125	40	0	860
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	5,760	785	4,930	35	0	805
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	4,630	560	4,055	10	0	570
Métis single ancestry	870	75	785	10	0	80
Inuit single ancestry	260	150	90	20	0	155
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	245	55	190	0	0	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	10	175	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	60	40	20	0	0	45
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	36,220	6,045	29,820	355	0	6,220
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	35,660	5,920	29,390	340	0	6,095
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	31,170	4,820	26,080	265	0	4,955
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,020	945	3,020	55	0	970
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	470	155	290	20	10	165
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	565	125	430	10	0	130
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	450	90	355	10	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	20	50	0	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	1,620,995	392,480	1,047,190	140,835	40,490	462,895
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,135	141,230	40,495	469,975
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	1,435,340	336,900	957,770	112,065	28,605	392,930
Canadian citizens only	1,276,325	304,985	864,830	82,365	24,145	346,170
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	159,015	31,910	92,940	29,700	4,460	46,760
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	227,880	62,460	124,365	29,160	11,890	77,045
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,970
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	1,033,590	228,490	756,535	38,660	9,905	247,820
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	570,945	148,235	295,695	98,080	28,925	197,280
Before 1981	115,540	41,670	47,925	17,565	8,375	50,460
1981 to 1990	64,655	17,355	31,900	10,920	4,475	22,820
1991 to 2000	96,820	27,615	46,455	17,205	5,540	36,220
2001 to 2010	165,470	35,840	92,440	32,605	4,585	52,145
2001 to 2005	67,025	15,975	35,240	13,670	2,135	22,810
2006 to 2010	98,445	19,865	57,195	18,940	2,450	29,335
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	128,460	25,755	76,975	19,780	5,955	35,640
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	58,690	22,640	29,905	4,485	1,665	24,880
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	570,940	148,235	295,695	98,085	28,925	197,275
Under 5 years	50,425	11,590	30,395	7,285	1,155	15,230
5 to 14 years	85,295	21,515	43,560	19,450	775	31,235
15 to 24 years	114,050	35,035	53,415	21,365	4,235	45,720
25 to 44 years	280,965	70,605	150,990	46,905	12,470	94,055
45 years and over	40,210	9,490	17,350	3,085	10,290	11,030
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	570,945	148,235	295,695	98,080	28,930	197,280
Americas	130,225	26,570	79,660	20,490	3,510	36,815
Brazil	3,530	710	1,260	1,500	60	1,455
Colombia	8,490	975	4,170	3,010	340	2,480
El Salvador	6,770	695	3,870	1,725	475	1,560
Guyana	1,390	1,385	10	0	0	1,385
Haiti	49,145	675	45,140	2,405	925	1,880
Jamaica	2,935	2,930	0	0	0	2,930
Mexico	8,275	1,260	3,830	2,985	195	2,750
Peru	6,895	640	4,190	1,685	380	1,480
Trinidad and Tobago	2,265	2,225	40	0	0	2,230
United States^{Footnote 47}	9,780	6,665	2,280	800	40	7,065
Other places of birth in Americas	30,755	8,410	14,870	6,380	1,095	11,600
Europe	148,255	37,900	73,510	28,280	8,560	52,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	670	205	265	185	10	295
Croatia	885	525	155	170	25	610
France	35,390	445	34,560	375	10	635
Germany	2,840	1,785	700	350	0	1,960
Greece	9,150	5,855	305	1,275	1,710	6,500
Hungary	1,545	1,040	220	185	105	1,135
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	290	280	10	0	0	280
Italy	36,450	9,325	13,975	8,830	4,320	13,735
Netherlands	610	435	115	70	0	465
Poland	5,395	2,665	1,180	1,355	190	3,345
Portugal	9,080	1,790	5,030	1,445	820	2,510
Romania	11,540	1,630	4,210	5,415	285	4,340
Russian Federation	5,850	1,950	1,725	1,880	290	2,885
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	815	330	205	250	35	455
Ukraine	4,710	1,405	1,460	1,525	315	2,170
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	4,115	3,810	220	85	10	3,850
Other places of birth in Europe	18,915	4,425	9,185	4,880	420	6,865
Africa	133,030	8,975	108,380	14,595	1,080	16,270
Algeria	39,340	300	35,040	3,795	200	2,200
Egypt	9,590	2,900	4,125	2,355	210	4,075
Ethiopia	655	330	140	180	0	420
Kenya	285	225	35	25	0	235
Morocco	33,665	560	28,480	4,210	410	2,665
Nigeria	770	710	40	20	0	720
Somalia	430	115	220	60	30	150
South Africa, Republic of	330	255	65	10	10	260
Other places of birth in Africa	47,965	3,570	40,230	3,935	225	5,540
Asia	158,735	74,220	34,030	34,705	15,775	91,575
Afghanistan	1,300	380	275	470	175	620
Bangladesh	6,615	4,570	245	1,405	400	5,270
China^{Footnote 51}	26,625	11,620	4,095	5,900	5,005	14,575
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	2,230	1,495	150	365	215	1,685
India	10,130	7,445	180	1,335	1,165	8,120
Iran^{Footnote 53}	10,910	4,900	1,575	3,965	470	6,885
Iraq	1,620	895	190	395	135	1,095
Japan	940	610	190	130	15	675
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	2,120	1,250	335	405	130	1,455
Lebanon	17,265	2,970	8,850	4,755	690	5,345
Pakistan	5,765	3,775	320	1,325	340	4,440
Philippines	16,975	15,380	130	1,340	115	16,055
Sri Lanka	7,325	5,120	290	1,215	700	5,730
Syria^{Footnote 55}	9,060	2,370	2,790	2,735	1,170	3,740
Taiwan	1,330	795	190	235	105	915
Viet Nam	16,660	3,100	6,490	4,170	2,910	5,180
Other places of birth in Asia	21,855	7,525	7,740	4,560	2,025	9,800
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	695	570	110	15	0	575
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	128,455	25,755	76,975	19,780	5,955	35,640
Americas	27,445	4,255	17,100	4,960	1,130	6,735
Brazil	1,595	240	565	740	50	610
Colombia	2,975	345	1,405	1,045	180	870
Cuba	1,215	95	680	350	90	270
Haiti	11,640	150	10,640	630	220	465
Jamaica	105	110	0	0	0	110
Mexico	2,390	415	1,050	830	90	830
United States^{Footnote 58}	2,165	1,300	640	195	30	1,400
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	985	175	290	480	45	410
Other places of birth in Americas	4,375	1,425	1,825	690	425	1,770
Europe	22,715	2,455	16,210	3,405	645	4,160
France	11,990	60	11,850	70	10	100
Germany	300	145	105	50	0	175
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	80	75	0	0	0	70
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	2,565	175	1,470	845	75	595
Romania	1,325	120	375	755	75	495
Russian Federation	1,160	305	380	380	90	495
Ukraine	1,375	280	485	445	165	500
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	390	330	40	15	0	335
Other places of birth in Europe	3,540	970	1,505	845	220	1,395
Africa	46,030	2,565	38,500	4,430	535	4,785
Algeria	13,025	90	11,815	985	135	580
Cameroon	4,185	305	3,815	65	0	335
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,590	10	1,530	40	15	25
Côte d'Ivoire	2,765	0	2,750	10	0	15
Egypt	2,840	965	895	870	110	1,405
Eritrea	50	35	10	0	0	40
Ethiopia	105	35	35	35	0	50
Morocco	9,400	155	7,805	1,260	175	785
Nigeria	345	335	10	10	0	335
Somalia	75	0	70	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	75	50	15	0	0	55
Tunisia	3,665	50	2,970	605	45	350
Other places of birth in Africa	7,915	530	6,780	540	65	800
Asia	32,065	16,330	5,100	6,990	3,650	19,825
Afghanistan	225	90	25	65	40	125
Bangladesh	755	540	15	110	95	600
China^{Footnote 63}	6,520	2,850	1,035	1,360	1,275	3,530
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	75	40	20	10	0	45
India	2,090	1,565	45	235	245	1,680
Iran^{Footnote 65}	5,545	2,310	830	2,180	225	3,400
Iraq	345	155	40	90	55	205
Israel	285	165	50	35	35	185
Japan	230	170	40	20	0	180
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	415	260	40	95	25	310
Lebanon	2,045	425	950	610	60	735
Nepal	40	35	0	0	10	30
Pakistan	970	650	55	175	95	740
Philippines	4,255	3,845	35	345	20	4,020
Saudi Arabia	315	165	85	70	0	200
Sri Lanka	625	405	20	105	95	460
Syria^{Footnote 67}	3,815	1,325	715	845	930	1,745
Taiwan	85	60	0	0	10	65
Turkey	400	160	150	40	40	185
United Arab Emirates	170	85	45	30	10	95
Viet Nam	965	315	240	175	235	400
Other places of birth in Asia	1,895	705	650	385	155	900
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	205	135	65	0	0	135
Australia	110	105	10	0	0	105
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	90	35	55	0	0	35
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	1,663,220	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
First generation^{Footnote 71}	639,845	174,630	331,230	103,195	30,790	226,230
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	341,375	124,235	174,170	33,775	9,195	141,125
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	682,000	100,495	576,735	4,245	515	102,625
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	462,630	108,255	251,545	81,645	21,190	149,075
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	254,165	52,850	146,165	50,110	5,035	77,910
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	128,120	28,270	73,730	24,260	1,860	40,400
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	126,045	24,585	72,435	25,850	3,175	37,510
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	127,340	35,075	65,885	15,945	10,435	43,045
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	73,840	18,255	35,650	14,590	5,340	25,550
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	7,285	2,070	3,840	995	380	2,565
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	1,663,220	399,360	1,082,140	141,225	40,500	469,970
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	568,575	156,295	305,280	80,920	26,080	196,755
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	55,595	34,700	5,460	11,245	4,190	40,320
Chinese	54,665	24,585	11,420	11,295	7,370	30,230
Black	171,380	32,435	131,510	6,030	1,410	35,450
Filipino	23,500	21,255	320	1,780	145	22,150
Latin American	67,525	7,840	38,125	18,145	3,410	16,915
Arab	122,190	12,465	88,445	17,215	4,065	21,070
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	34,815	6,495	17,655	7,160	3,510	10,070
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	15,345	6,245	3,180	4,920	1,000	8,700
Korean	4,225	2,475	725	735	285	2,845
Japanese	2,505	1,490	700	265	50	1,625
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	4,750	1,820	2,315	535	80	2,085
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	12,085	4,490	5,430	1,600	575	5,285
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	1,094,645	243,065	776,855	60,310	14,420	273,220
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	1,663,220	399,365	1,082,135	141,225	40,500	469,975
North American Aboriginal origins	42,225	6,885	34,945	385	10	7,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	36,565	5,550	30,730	285	0	5,695
Inuit	910	385	480	40	10	400
Métis	5,565	1,135	4,355	70	0	1,170
Other North American origins	533,005	61,450	465,115	5,410	1,030	64,155
Acadian	5,955	970	4,925	60	0	1,000
American	12,850	6,990	5,210	505	145	7,240
Canadian	488,925	54,505	428,670	4,850	905	56,930
New Brunswicker	160	10	145	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	195	140	35	20	0	150
Nova Scotian	160	105	40	15	0	110
Ontarian	215	50	165	0	0	50
Québécois	36,235	1,480	34,450	280	35	1,610
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	50	20	25	10	0	20
European origins	733,440	230,155	436,770	54,205	12,310	257,255
British Isles origins	161,945	83,150	75,720	2,930	140	84,620
Channel Islander	200	55	140	0	0	60
Cornish	20	20	0	0	0	20
English	56,720	39,080	16,315	1,240	80	39,700
Irish	92,145	41,245	49,510	1,335	50	41,915
Manx	50	45	10	0	0	45
Scottish	50,740	31,830	17,900	995	15	32,325
Welsh	3,555	3,125	350	80	0	3,165
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	10,195	8,210	1,720	260	10	8,340
French origins	336,510	30,485	301,565	4,205	245	32,590
Alsatian	250	35	205	0	0	35
Breton	1,945	35	1,895	10	0	35
Corsican	620	10	595	15	0	15
French	334,870	30,440	299,980	4,205	250	32,540
Western European origins (except French origins)	65,035	26,620	35,300	2,835	280	28,035
Austrian	4,480	2,715	1,420	320	30	2,875
Bavarian	25	15	10	10	0	20
Belgian	12,340	1,305	10,800	205	30	1,405
Dutch	7,430	4,880	2,170	335	40	5,050
Flemish	395	90	290	10	0	95
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	38,455	18,290	17,995	1,990	185	19,280
Luxembourger	340	45	290	10	0	50
Swiss	6,250	1,535	4,500	195	20	1,630
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	40	15	25	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,880	5,340	2,300	225	20	5,450
Danish	1,760	1,190	510	50	10	1,220
Finnish	1,070	835	215	15	0	845
Icelandic	325	255	50	15	0	265
Norwegian	2,160	1,470	620	60	0	1,505
Swedish	2,600	1,825	695	85	0	1,865
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	580	290	295	0	0	290
Eastern European origins	103,525	49,265	31,855	19,115	3,290	58,820
Bulgarian	4,620	975	1,705	1,785	145	1,870
Byelorussian	1,140	545	265	245	90	665
Czech	2,610	1,530	825	190	60	1,625
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	760	500	210	45	0	530
Estonian	385	290	75	15	0	300
Hungarian	12,795	8,005	2,315	1,615	855	8,815
Latvian	855	625	115	110	10	675
Lithuanian	2,585	1,960	505	105	15	2,010
Moldovan	4,430	355	2,430	1,330	320	1,020
Polish	30,680	17,985	8,975	3,200	525	19,580
Romanian	21,455	6,435	7,435	6,890	695	9,875
Russian	23,850	12,325	6,395	4,235	885	14,450
Slovak	1,720	1,200	390	115	20	1,255
Ukrainian	18,010	9,500	4,915	2,900	695	10,950
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	1,395	1,135	115	80	60	1,175
Southern European origins	237,830	104,165	94,190	30,910	8,570	119,620
Albanian	2,035	555	780	600	100	855
Bosnian	510	205	205	90	10	250
Catalan	430	65	315	45	0	90
Croatian	2,540	1,470	735	310	30	1,630
Cypriot	200	110	40	40	15	130
Greek	29,060	18,785	4,465	3,890	1,920	20,730
Italian	147,010	69,190	56,080	16,825	4,925	77,595
Kosovar	265	30	180	30	25	40
Macedonian	340	175	95	60	15	200
Maltese	465	180	275	10	0	185
Montenegrin	200	90	45	60	0	125
Portuguese	27,145	8,695	13,620	3,830	1,005	10,605
Serbian	2,230	975	710	485	55	1,215
Sicilian	510	230	250	25	0	245
Slovenian	1,005	655	260	80	0	700
Spanish	37,660	8,225	21,785	6,945	700	11,695
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	1,035	520	395	100	20	570
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	75	25	40	10	0	30
Other European origins	16,145	8,975	4,765	1,905	500	9,925
Basque	1,125	190	820	120	0	250
Jewish	12,175	7,570	2,710	1,520	380	8,325
Roma (Gypsy)	240	70	115	35	25	85
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	180	85	80	15	0	95
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	2,550	1,125	1,085	230	105	1,240
Caribbean origins	112,805	23,510	83,025	4,885	1,385	25,950
Antiguan	195	195	0	0	0	195
Bahamian	195	145	45	0	0	145
Barbadian	3,085	2,775	245	65	0	2,810
Bermudan	35	35	0	0	0	35
Carib	255	240	10	0	0	245
Cuban	4,575	735	2,930	715	200	1,095
Dominican	6,690	775	4,850	785	275	1,175
Grenadian	1,300	1,280	20	10	0	1,280
Guadeloupean	465	10	450	0	0	10
Haitian	79,710	2,635	73,160	3,035	885	4,160
Jamaican	8,145	7,330	675	135	0	7,395
Kittitian/Nevisian	220	215	10	0	0	215
Martinican	995	45	955	0	0	45
Montserratan	115	110	0	0	0	110
Puerto Rican	235	135	85	20	0	145
St. Lucian	475	430	20	25	0	440
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,480	3,070	315	95	0	3,120
Vincentian/Grenadinian	2,925	2,780	100	45	0	2,800
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	3,210	2,510	615	70	20	2,545
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	2,675	1,495	1,090	70	20	1,530
Latin, Central and South American origins	78,145	13,090	43,125	18,600	3,330	22,395
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,150	520	1,765	725	145	880
Arawak	95	70	30	0	0	70
Argentinian	2,315	450	1,340	490	35	695
Belizean	20	10	10	0	0	10
Bolivian	845	140	570	130	10	200
Brazilian	3,730	955	1,525	1,070	190	1,490
Chilean	6,340	645	4,515	1,060	115	1,175
Colombian	11,545	1,510	5,830	3,585	615	3,305
Costa Rican	525	125	225	140	35	195
Ecuadorian	1,440	220	835	290	100	365
Guatemalan	5,620	440	3,465	1,400	315	1,135
Guyanese	1,910	1,710	175	35	0	1,725
Hispanic	535	140	240	140	10	215
Honduran	2,735	290	1,755	525	160	555
Maya	950	140	490	270	45	275
Mexican	12,365	2,355	6,150	3,460	400	4,085
Nicaraguan	1,455	225	855	320	65	385
Panamanian	780	195	425	140	20	260
Paraguayan	140	20	90	20	10	30
Peruvian	9,515	1,020	6,140	1,910	450	1,975
Salvadorean	11,245	1,180	6,815	2,645	605	2,500
Uruguayan	845	140	600	80	30	180
Venezuelan	3,510	885	1,235	1,245	145	1,510
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	3,200	635	1,775	610	185	935
African origins	204,650	21,180	164,565	15,860	3,045	29,115
Central and West African origins	43,310	4,105	37,675	1,340	185	4,775
Akan	375	90	265	15	10	100
Angolan	430	30	380	10	0	40
Ashanti	65	55	10	0	0	55
Beninese	1,825	20	1,785	15	0	30
Burkinabe	1,210	10	1,195	0	0	15
Cameroonian	8,415	625	7,650	135	0	690
Chadian	615	30	525	35	30	45
Congolese	9,625	265	9,075	250	30	390
Edo	65	55	0	0	0	60
Ewe	215	45	155	15	0	50
Gabonese	425	0	430	0	0	0
Gambian	60	20	40	0	0	20
Ghanaian	1,990	1,495	320	180	0	1,580
Guinean	2,965	45	2,820	75	25	80
Ibo	115	100	15	0	0	100
Ivorian	4,295	60	4,230	10	0	60
Liberian	45	15	25	0	0	15
Malian	1,775	50	1,665	45	15	70
Malinké	400	10	365	25	0	20
Nigerian	1,620	960	570	90	10	1,005
Peulh	1,265	0	1,225	40	0	20
Senegalese	3,875	90	3,540	210	35	200
Sierra Leonean	80	35	25	25	0	50
Togolese	1,785	50	1,695	30	0	70
Wolof	345	0	330	10	10	10
Yoruba	275	60	180	35	0	75
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	3,350	195	2,900	215	40	300
North African origins	126,920	8,735	103,465	12,230	2,490	14,850
Algerian	39,045	570	35,250	2,670	555	1,905
Berber	21,080	230	18,440	2,005	410	1,230
Coptic	305	125	100	60	20	155
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	13,385	4,590	6,195	2,270	330	5,725
Libyan	685	510	15	65	105	540
Maure	320	35	250	40	0	50
Moroccan	44,980	2,460	37,595	4,060	865	4,495
Sudanese	200	125	70	10	0	130
Tunisian	12,040	395	9,920	1,425	300	1,110
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	1,955	85	1,625	190	45	180
Southern and East African origins	12,270	2,650	8,365	1,110	155	3,200
Afrikaner	60	60	0	0	0	55
Amhara	25	20	0	10	0	20
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	875	80	755	20	10	90
Burundian	1,960	50	1,730	150	30	125
Djiboutian	225	10	195	15	10	10
Eritrean	305	185	75	35	10	205
Ethiopian	1,015	515	295	210	0	620
Harari	15	15	0	10	0	15
Kenyan	185	135	25	20	0	150
Malagasy	1,380	50	1,160	155	15	125
Mauritian	1,550	210	1,165	170	0	300
Oromo	10	0	0	10	0	0
Rwandan	1,930	110	1,715	95	10	160
Seychellois	425	195	155	85	0	235
Somali	1,215	350	705	100	60	395
South African	390	300	60	35	0	315
Tanzanian	140	60	60	15	0	65
Tigrian	60	40	0	15	10	50
Ugandan	90	60	35	0	0	60
Zambian	15	15	0	0	0	15
Zimbabwean	190	170	20	0	0	165
Zulu	40	40	10	0	0	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	790	225	520	30	10	245
Other African origins	24,290	5,935	16,830	1,295	235	6,580
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	1,905	885	930	75	15	930
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	22,775	5,110	16,220	1,225	220	5,720
Asian origins	300,400	124,935	96,300	57,840	21,325	153,850
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	115,050	30,360	54,995	24,320	5,380	42,520
Afghan	2,155	585	640	695	230	935
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	25,825	2,535	19,040	3,475	775	4,275
Armenian	10,490	3,285	3,335	3,420	445	4,995
Assyrian	145	70	40	20	15	80
Azerbaijani	350	145	80	120	15	205
Georgian	400	160	135	105	10	205
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15,125	7,175	2,580	4,610	760	9,480
Iraqi	2,425	1,185	525	575	150	1,470
Israeli	2,785	1,660	560	355	210	1,845
Jordanian	875	575	130	125	50	635
Kazakh	345	100	115	110	10	160
Kurd	1,240	240	595	280	130	375
Kuwaiti	55	50	0	10	0	55
Kyrgyz	185	35	70	70	15	70
Lebanese	33,180	6,440	19,510	6,325	905	9,600
Palestinian	3,595	1,800	990	695	115	2,145
Pashtun	295	170	0	105	15	220
Saudi Arabian	520	435	25	35	25	455
Syrian	13,280	3,345	5,840	2,940	1,155	4,810
Tajik	60	15	25	10	10	20
Tatar	505	120	130	230	30	235
Turk	8,420	2,260	4,040	1,570	550	3,045
Turkmen	30	10	15	0	0	15
Uighur	290	55	140	85	0	100
Uzbek	230	60	105	65	0	90
Yemeni	515	275	115	105	20	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	1,420	715	340	275	85	850
South Asian origins	57,945	36,330	6,400	11,225	3,990	41,940
Bangladeshi	5,895	3,315	650	1,510	410	4,070
Bengali	3,475	2,015	340	895	225	2,460
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	28,195	19,035	3,390	4,060	1,705	21,065
Goan	90	90	0	0	0	90
Gujarati	195	85	20	50	40	110
Kashmiri	220	130	10	65	10	160
Nepali	150	80	10	45	20	95
Pakistani	8,290	4,945	760	1,965	615	5,930
Punjabi	1,810	1,250	45	335	185	1,415
Sinhalese	205	140	10	45	0	165
Sri Lankan	9,845	5,630	1,080	2,335	805	6,800
Tamil	2,135	1,200	225	595	115	1,500
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	1,500	940	140	320	100	1,100
East and Southeast Asian origins	128,855	59,170	35,365	22,485	11,835	70,410
Burmese	130	90	15	15	10	100
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,540	825	4,720	1,330	665	1,490
Chinese	66,225	27,725	17,010	13,215	8,275	34,335
Filipino	24,920	22,440	470	1,855	150	23,370
Hmong	30	10	25	10	10	10
Indonesian	625	415	160	40	10	435
Japanese	3,360	1,835	1,005	435	85	2,050
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	4,590	2,680	840	775	300	3,065
Laotian	2,690	220	1,955	305	215	370
Malaysian	340	255	60	20	0	265
Mongolian	390	145	155	80	10	185
Singaporean	75	45	10	25	0	60
Taiwanese	1,115	690	215	180	35	775
Thai	1,025	350	540	100	35	405
Tibetan	40	10	25	0	0	10
Vietnamese	25,975	4,380	12,985	5,860	2,750	7,310
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	160	75	60	20	0	85
Other Asian origins	1,115	525	240	195	155	625
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	1,115	525	240	190	160	620
Oceania origins	1,550	1,060	450	40	0	1,080
Australian	990	815	165	10	0	815
New Zealander	210	170	40	0	0	170
Pacific Islands origins	405	140	245	30	0	150
Fijian	35	30	0	10	0	30
Hawaiian	25	20	0	0	0	20
Maori	55	45	10	0	0	45
Samoan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	120	25	70	25	0	35
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	190	25	165	0	0	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	1,397,885	348,090	900,340	120,415	29,045	408,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	248,130	50,265	158,575	19,275	20,015	59,905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	284,580	87,190	169,930	22,750	4,715	98,560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	865,175	210,640	571,835	78,395	4,315	249,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	146,605	27,540	107,640	10,470	955	32,775
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	107,160	18,775	80,345	7,360	690	22,455
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	39,445	8,760	27,300	3,115	270	10,320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	224,985	58,005	146,730	19,135	1,115	67,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55,875	9,850	41,185	4,285	555	11,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	437,705	115,240	276,275	44,505	1,685	137,490
Bachelor's degree	255,350	70,525	158,550	25,190	1,085	83,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	41,310	8,375	27,560	5,095	280	10,920
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,610	2,980	7,050	1,505	75	3,735
Master's degree	108,695	26,645	71,360	10,485	205	31,890
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	20,735	6,720	11,755	2,225	35	7,825
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	1,397,885	348,090	900,335	120,420	29,040	408,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	532,710	137,455	328,505	42,025	24,730	158,465
Education	45,010	9,680	32,590	2,410	330	10,885
13. Education	45,010	9,680	32,595	2,410	330	10,890
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	59,675	15,215	41,270	3,015	170	16,725
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	7,840	1,615	5,865	345	15	1,790
50. Visual and performing arts	51,835	13,600	35,405	2,675	155	14,940
Humanities	67,690	16,805	45,115	5,490	270	19,550
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	13,070	3,390	7,920	1,670	90	4,225
23. English language and literature/letters	6,545	4,060	1,550	910	25	4,515
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	24,605	4,445	18,555	1,555	55	5,215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	260	100	140	15	0	105
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,220	1,255	2,720	210	35	1,360
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,080	760	1,190	125	10	825
54. History	6,065	1,880	3,860	295	35	2,025
55. French language and literature/letters	10,835	920	9,175	715	30	1,275
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120,860	32,215	78,635	9,470	545	36,945
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,840	480	1,215	145	10	550
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	19,260	3,540	14,815	880	30	3,980
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15,920	3,960	10,365	1,415	175	4,670
22. Legal professions and studies	21,630	3,445	16,305	1,765	110	4,330
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	2,870	435	2,245	185	0	530
42. Psychology	15,620	4,745	9,845	995	35	5,240
45. Social sciences	43,725	15,610	23,845	4,080	185	17,650
Business, management and public administration	194,165	45,735	128,920	18,755	755	55,110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	215	65	115	35	0	80
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,425	1,830	7,125	465	0	2,065
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	184,520	43,840	121,680	18,250	750	52,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	42,535	12,020	25,275	5,040	195	14,545
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	17,235	5,470	9,835	1,885	55	6,410
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	7,075	2,185	4,120	760	15	2,565
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	3,950	300	3,150	505	0	550
40. Physical sciences	12,900	3,855	7,125	1,800	125	4,755
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,365	215	1,050	95	10	260
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	46,375	12,145	28,140	5,910	185	15,100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,370	9,795	22,540	4,915	130	12,250
25. Library science	3,105	620	2,310	150	20	695
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,210	1,565	2,835	775	35	1,955
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	695	160	460	75	0	200
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	142,080	34,695	90,080	16,270	1,030	42,835
04. Architecture and related services	10,220	1,955	7,280	945	35	2,430
14. Engineering	56,060	16,580	29,910	9,125	450	21,140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	21,470	4,910	14,350	2,010	195	5,915
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	20	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	21,130	3,885	15,605	1,480	155	4,625
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20,750	4,845	13,885	1,885	130	5,790
48. Precision production	12,430	2,515	9,025	820	70	2,925
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,415	1,785	5,770	780	80	2,180
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,345	1,050	3,650	580	65	1,340
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,065	735	2,115	200	15	840
Health and related fields	97,990	21,650	67,700	8,215	425	25,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,695	1,155	4,150	375	20	1,340
51. Health professions and related programs	88,625	19,520	61,275	7,435	395	23,240
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,670	970	2,280	405	20	1,175
Personal, protective and transportation services	40,245	8,660	28,225	3,040	325	10,180
12. Personal and culinary services	26,140	6,320	17,705	1,865	255	7,250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	25	20	10	0	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	130	35	85	15	10	40
43. Security and protective services	6,890	890	5,530	460	10	1,120
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,030	1,395	4,890	695	60	1,735
Other	130	25	100	0	0	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	130	25	100	0	0	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	1,397,885	348,090	900,340	120,420	29,045	408,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	532,715	137,450	328,505	42,025	24,730	158,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	865,175	210,640	571,835	78,395	4,315	249,830
Location of study inside Canada	664,325	151,800	468,730	43,410	380	173,505
Same as province or territory of residence	636,615	135,200	458,685	42,360	375	156,380
Different than province or territory of residence	27,710	16,605	10,050	1,055	0	17,130
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	200,855	58,835	103,105	34,980	3,935	76,330
United States^{Footnote 130}	11,655	7,425	3,265	945	25	7,900
Philippines	8,850	8,480	40	320	10	8,640
India	4,200	3,645	70	455	35	3,875
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	4,840	3,215	1,295	335	0	3,380
China^{Footnote 132}	10,305	5,920	1,115	1,860	1,410	6,850
France	37,715	605	35,350	1,750	0	1,475
Other	123,280	29,550	61,970	29,315	2,450	44,205
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	1,397,885	348,090	900,335	120,420	29,040	not applicable ...
In the labour force	898,225	227,590	585,240	79,650	5,745	not applicable ...
Employed	814,665	205,970	533,685	70,235	4,770	not applicable ...
Unemployed	83,565	21,625	51,565	9,410	970	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	499,660	120,500	315,095	40,770	23,300	not applicable ...
Participation rate	64.3	65.4	65.0	66.1	19.8	not applicable ...
Employment rate	58.3	59.2	59.3	58.3	16.4	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	9.3	9.5	8.8	11.8	16.9	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	1,397,890	348,090	900,335	120,420	29,045	408,300
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	487,075	117,930	304,750	41,185	23,210	138,525
Worked	910,805	230,160	595,585	79,225	5,835	269,775
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	405,450	107,615	262,910	33,010	1,920	124,120
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	505,360	122,545	332,680	46,220	3,915	145,655
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.9	41.7	40.3	38.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	944,220	239,185	615,910	82,865	6,265	280,615
a.Management	86,985	25,370	54,380	6,835	395	28,790
00 Senior management occupations	12,575	3,200	8,700	630	50	3,515
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	34,260	9,365	22,760	2,070	60	10,400
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	28,925	9,045	16,480	3,165	230	10,630
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	11,225	3,760	6,440	965	60	4,245
b.Professional	226,580	55,775	152,730	17,875	200	64,710
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	42,550	9,705	29,210	3,605	25	11,505
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	52,095	13,850	32,160	6,025	60	16,860
30 Professional occupations in nursing	12,220	2,280	9,035	890	10	2,730
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	16,405	3,550	11,420	1,410	15	4,260
40 Professional occupations in education services	47,765	13,615	30,950	3,155	40	15,195
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	30,475	6,400	22,395	1,640	30	7,225
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	25,075	6,360	17,550	1,140	25	6,930
c.Technical and paraprofessional	108,210	22,635	75,890	9,485	200	27,375
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	27,705	6,280	17,965	3,425	35	7,990
32 Technical occupations in health	14,955	2,605	10,880	1,445	20	3,330
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	29,725	5,425	21,660	2,540	95	6,700
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	2,635	490	2,025	120	0	550
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	33,190	7,830	23,365	1,955	40	8,805
d.Administration and administrative support	121,885	30,735	80,320	10,550	275	36,010
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	55,520	12,545	38,580	4,285	105	14,690
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	7,480	1,910	4,810	740	20	2,285
14 Office support occupations	38,745	11,195	23,685	3,805	55	13,100
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	20,140	5,080	13,250	1,710	95	5,940
e.Sales	93,100	23,540	59,295	9,795	470	28,440
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	17,265	5,575	10,115	1,565	10	6,360
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	39,255	10,640	24,355	4,080	180	12,680
66 Sales support occupations	36,585	7,325	24,820	4,155	285	9,400
f.Personal and customer information services	184,000	50,405	113,745	17,115	2,740	58,965
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	17,850	3,645	12,810	1,355	35	4,325
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	13,910	5,570	7,210	1,010	120	6,070
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	34,940	11,140	19,055	3,510	1,230	12,895
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	60,050	15,350	37,980	6,390	335	18,545
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	57,250	14,700	36,685	4,855	1,015	17,125
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	36,235	7,780	25,050	3,155	250	9,360
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	23,355	4,915	16,335	1,925	185	5,875
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	12,880	2,865	8,720	1,230	70	3,485
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	41,855	10,780	26,830	3,965	290	12,760
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	11,730	3,625	7,175	835	100	4,045
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	23,595	5,835	14,945	2,680	130	7,175
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	6,530	1,315	4,705	450	60	1,540
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,815	1,355	2,910	360	190	1,535
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	625	230	335	55	0	260
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,135	275	680	95	80	330
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,055	845	1,890	205	110	950
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40,555	10,810	24,765	3,730	1,250	12,675
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	3,455	655	2,450	325	30	820
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	14,940	3,760	9,135	1,400	645	4,465
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	8,230	2,455	4,690	955	140	2,930
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	13,925	3,935	8,495	1,050	445	4,465
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	944,220	239,185	615,910	82,860	6,265	280,615
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,735	680	1,735	175	150	765
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	1,995	490	1,265	110	135	545
113 Forestry and logging	190	35	135	25	0	45
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	15	15	10	0	20
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	505	140	315	35	15	155
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,050	280	655	105	10	340
211 Oil and gas extraction	160	75	65	20	0	85
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	545	120	375	50	0	140
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	350	90	215	40	0	110
22 Utilities	4,570	355	4,015	190	0	450
221 Utilities	4,565	355	4,020	190	0	445
23 Construction	30,820	7,730	20,475	2,415	200	8,940
236 Construction of buildings	11,035	2,925	7,295	730	75	3,290
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	2,805	600	1,920	265	20	735
238 Specialty trade contractors	16,985	4,205	11,260	1,415	105	4,915
31-33 Manufacturing	82,215	22,640	49,835	8,405	1,335	26,840
311 Food manufacturing	13,455	2,775	9,115	1,280	285	3,415
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	1,710	290	1,335	85	0	325
313 Textile mills	885	420	330	110	25	480
314 Textile product mills	960	380	475	80	25	420
315 Clothing manufacturing	6,265	2,225	2,895	660	485	2,555
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	650	200	410	30	10	220
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,045	185	735	95	30	235
322 Paper manufacturing	2,265	510	1,570	180	10	600
323 Printing and related support activities	4,405	980	3,030	375	25	1,165
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	380	65	300	0	10	70
325 Chemical manufacturing	6,105	1,265	4,185	630	20	1,580
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	4,060	1,195	2,330	465	75	1,425
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	1,625	315	1,160	140	0	390
331 Primary metal manufacturing	1,670	455	1,040	160	20	540
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	5,840	1,865	3,330	580	65	2,160
333 Machinery manufacturing	4,665	1,360	2,750	520	35	1,620
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	3,740	1,275	1,945	495	30	1,520
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	2,820	985	1,430	355	40	1,170
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	9,975	3,165	5,635	1,125	45	3,730
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	3,790	910	2,490	360	45	1,085
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	5,895	1,805	3,345	675	70	2,145
41 Wholesale trade	38,240	13,135	21,440	3,310	355	14,795
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	225	75	140	0	0	80
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	310	35	255	15	0	45
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	7,480	2,090	4,650	600	140	2,395
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	11,260	4,690	5,375	1,060	135	5,225
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	1,655	480	1,045	120	10	540
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	4,325	1,265	2,775	265	25	1,395
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	7,455	2,685	4,040	720	10	3,045
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	4,080	1,300	2,395	365	25	1,480
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	1,460	510	765	160	15	595
44-45 Retail trade	104,915	25,640	67,300	11,260	720	31,270
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	5,595	1,505	3,470	600	20	1,805
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	4,260	1,225	2,695	325	20	1,385
443 Electronics and appliance stores	3,545	1,050	1,990	490	10	1,300
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	4,175	775	3,105	285	0	920
445 Food and beverage stores	29,770	6,370	19,955	3,010	430	7,875
446 Health and personal care stores	13,365	2,360	9,380	1,610	15	3,165
447 Gasoline stations	1,585	170	1,150	260	0	300
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	19,570	6,285	10,870	2,270	145	7,425
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	5,130	1,175	3,610	330	10	1,340
452 General merchandise stores	9,830	2,240	6,315	1,260	20	2,870
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	5,555	1,505	3,480	535	35	1,770
454 Non-store retailers	2,535	980	1,265	275	10	1,120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40,980	12,420	23,715	4,675	165	14,760
481 Air transportation	4,400	1,705	2,170	515	10	1,965
482 Rail transportation	1,850	700	1,030	115	0	755
483 Water transportation	475	220	190	60	10	250
484 Truck transportation	8,475	3,000	4,395	1,000	80	3,495
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	9,515	1,070	7,175	1,240	20	1,690
486 Pipeline transportation	20	0	10	0	0	10
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	85	10	70	0	0	15
488 Support activities for transportation	7,070	2,690	3,530	850	10	3,115
491 Postal service	3,020	610	2,175	230	10	725
492 Couriers and messengers	3,615	1,425	1,775	405	10	1,625
493 Warehousing and storage	2,445	980	1,190	250	30	1,110
51 Information and cultural industries	41,940	9,040	30,075	2,790	35	10,440
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	9,445	2,140	6,750	540	15	2,410
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	11,600	2,635	8,550	415	10	2,840
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	5,175	550	4,505	115	0	610
517 Telecommunications	11,455	2,625	7,385	1,425	15	3,340
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	585	215	290	75	0	255
519 Other information services	3,680	870	2,585	215	0	985
52 Finance and insurance	45,225	11,270	29,775	4,145	30	13,345
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	20	0	10	0	0	10
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	24,910	6,085	16,270	2,545	10	7,360
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	6,960	2,270	4,120	550	15	2,550
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	12,795	2,815	8,945	1,025	10	3,325
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	550	95	435	20	0	100
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	18,100	5,275	11,155	1,595	85	6,075
531 Real estate	14,985	4,515	9,015	1,375	80	5,200
532 Rental and leasing services	2,995	720	2,070	195	0	820
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	120	40	65	20	0	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	97,690	25,835	63,200	8,470	190	30,065
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	97,695	25,830	63,200	8,470	190	30,065
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,200	560	540	105	0	615
551 Management of companies and enterprises	1,205	565	540	105	0	615
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	53,750	12,205	35,555	5,610	385	15,005
561 Administrative and support services	52,385	12,045	34,430	5,520	380	14,810
562 Waste management and remediation services	1,365	160	1,125	85	0	205
61 Educational services	84,085	24,575	53,575	5,800	135	27,475
611 Educational services	84,080	24,575	53,570	5,800	135	27,475
62 Health care and social assistance	112,775	22,095	81,905	8,480	295	26,335
621 Ambulatory health care services	26,320	5,745	18,230	2,295	50	6,895
622 Hospitals	43,065	7,875	32,260	2,890	45	9,320
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	16,590	2,660	12,925	945	60	3,130
624 Social assistance	26,795	5,810	18,485	2,355	145	6,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	27,500	6,125	20,015	1,330	35	6,790
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	14,720	3,375	10,835	495	15	3,625
712 Heritage institutions	1,970	275	1,600	95	0	325
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	10,805	2,475	7,575	735	15	2,840
72 Accommodation and food services	74,920	23,390	42,015	7,900	1,620	27,340
721 Accommodation services	7,960	2,095	5,015	795	55	2,490
722 Food services and drinking places	66,960	21,295	37,000	7,105	1,570	24,850
81 Other services (except public administration)	43,835	11,705	28,185	3,440	510	13,425
811 Repair and maintenance	8,240	2,040	5,230	835	135	2,460
812 Personal and laundry services	13,585	3,785	8,180	1,400	220	4,480
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	17,300	2,730	13,555	950	60	3,205
814 Private households	4,715	3,150	1,215	260	95	3,275
91 Public administration	37,665	4,235	30,745	2,665	15	5,565
911 Federal government public administration	11,440	2,295	8,190	945	10	2,770
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	11,595	485	10,245	860	10	920
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	13,945	1,145	12,045	755	0	1,520
914 Aboriginal public administration	35	25	10	10	0	25
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	640	275	260	100	10	325
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	814,665	205,970	533,680	70,240	4,775	241,090
Worked at home	54,300	15,795	34,165	4,000	340	17,795
Worked outside Canada	3,520	1,260	1,725	430	105	1,475
No fixed workplace address	66,970	16,700	43,560	6,195	510	19,800
Worked at usual place	689,880	172,215	454,235	59,610	3,820	202,020
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	944,225	239,180	615,910	82,865	6,265	280,615
English	220,440	153,785	47,950	17,770	925	162,675
French	574,000	39,400	499,430	34,180	985	56,495
Non-official language	12,385	4,060	2,490	2,225	3,610	5,175
Aboriginal	40	30	10	10	0	30
Non-Aboriginal	12,345	4,030	2,485	2,215	3,610	5,145
English and French	123,490	37,330	60,915	24,995	255	49,820
English and non-official language	3,725	2,795	110	565	250	3,080
French and non-official language	3,570	140	2,775	460	200	365
English, French and non-official language	6,610	1,675	2,240	2,660	45	3,005
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	944,220	239,180	615,905	82,860	6,270	280,615
None	523,270	127,090	348,470	42,815	4,895	148,495
English	265,510	31,895	212,775	20,480	355	42,135
French	118,860	67,875	39,490	11,170	325	73,460
Non-official language	24,685	9,110	9,765	5,205	605	11,715
Aboriginal	80	50	25	10	0	55
Non-Aboriginal	24,605	9,060	9,735	5,195	605	11,660
English and French	1,025	275	235	465	50	505
English and non-official language	7,250	970	4,395	1,865	15	1,900
French and non-official language	3,600	1,965	770	850	20	2,390
English, French and non-official language	30	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	689,875	172,215	454,235	59,610	3,815	202,025
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	563,420	132,435	380,165	47,815	3,010	156,340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60,305	27,965	25,615	6,475	245	31,205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	63,545	10,535	47,420	5,050	550	13,060
Commute to a different province or territory	2,605	1,285	1,045	265	10	1,420
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	756,850	188,915	497,800	65,810	4,325	221,820
Car, truck, van - as a driver	357,060	91,935	231,035	32,635	1,460	108,250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	22,010	7,445	12,055	2,015	500	8,450
Public transit	276,630	65,480	184,115	25,200	1,825	78,080
Walked	64,995	16,740	43,350	4,425	480	18,950
Bicycle	29,415	5,435	22,955	995	25	5,935
Other method	6,750	1,885	4,285	540	35	2,150
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	756,845	188,915	497,795	65,805	4,330	221,820
Less than 15 minutes	110,440	28,715	72,630	8,455	630	32,945
15 to 29 minutes	250,320	64,030	165,115	20,005	1,170	74,030
30 to 44 minutes	220,820	52,255	147,460	19,910	1,205	62,210
45 to 59 minutes	97,255	23,730	63,580	9,395	555	28,420
60 minutes and over	78,015	20,190	49,010	8,045	770	24,210
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	756,850	188,915	497,795	65,810	4,330	221,820
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40,380	8,670	28,280	3,150	285	10,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	107,830	24,900	73,495	8,670	765	29,235
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	206,220	48,245	139,445	17,660	870	57,075
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	182,950	47,915	119,155	15,255	625	55,545
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	104,355	32,185	60,705	10,305	1,155	37,340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	115,115	27,005	76,715	10,765	630	32,390
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	1,643,170	396,040	1,069,655	140,415	37,060	466,245
Non-movers	1,389,365	332,645	904,210	121,475	31,035	393,380
Movers	253,810	63,390	165,450	18,940	6,025	72,865
Non-migrants	180,605	42,320	122,070	13,590	2,625	49,115
Migrants	73,205	21,075	43,380	5,350	3,400	23,750
Internal migrants	36,775	9,775	25,110	1,580	305	10,570
Intraprovincial migrants	28,960	4,545	23,105	1,130	175	5,110
Interprovincial migrants	7,815	5,230	2,005	450	130	5,460
External migrants	36,430	11,295	18,270	3,770	3,095	13,180
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	1,564,495	381,570	1,016,130	136,380	30,420	449,760
Non-movers	860,940	218,135	548,085	75,215	19,510	255,740
Movers	703,555	163,440	468,040	61,165	10,910	194,015
Non-migrants	452,085	98,715	311,230	36,930	5,215	117,180
Migrants	251,470	64,725	156,815	24,240	5,700	76,840
Internal migrants	106,015	26,065	75,305	4,190	450	28,160
Intraprovincial migrants	87,150	12,835	70,800	3,225	295	14,445
Interprovincial migrants	18,865	13,230	4,505	975	160	13,715
External migrants	145,455	38,660	81,510	20,045	5,245	48,680

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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