Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Prescott and Russell

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	87,255	30,655	55,835	700	60	56,185
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	87,255	30,655	55,835	700	60	56,190
0 to 14 years	14,985	5,885	8,825	275	0	8,965
0 to 4 years	4,835	1,915	2,825	95	0	2,870
5 to 9 years	5,170	2,035	3,055	80	0	3,095
10 to 14 years	4,985	1,935	2,950	95	0	3,005
15 to 64 years	58,425	20,740	37,290	360	35	37,470
15 to 19 years	5,145	1,855	3,215	65	10	3,250
20 to 24 years	4,665	1,680	2,915	60	10	2,940
25 to 29 years	4,785	1,620	3,125	45	0	3,145
30 to 34 years	5,025	1,945	3,050	25	0	3,065
35 to 39 years	5,195	1,990	3,155	50	0	3,175
40 to 44 years	5,595	2,065	3,505	20	0	3,510
45 to 49 years	6,150	2,340	3,785	30	10	3,800
50 to 54 years	7,940	2,795	5,120	25	0	5,135
55 to 59 years	7,495	2,465	5,015	20	0	5,020
60 to 64 years	6,435	1,985	4,420	25	10	4,435
65 years and over	13,850	4,030	9,715	70	30	9,755
65 to 69 years	5,340	1,570	3,750	20	0	3,765
70 to 74 years	3,840	1,025	2,790	30	0	2,805
75 to 79 years	2,375	725	1,640	10	0	1,640
80 to 84 years	1,350	390	940	10	0	950
85 years and over	940	320	600	10	15	600
85 to 89 years	620	195	415	10	10	415
90 to 94 years	250	110	130	0	10	130
95 to 99 years	65	15	45	0	0	45
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Average age	41.2	39.3	42.4	28.1	58.7	not applicable ...
Median age	43.4	40.9	45.2	21.5	61.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	72,270	24,770	47,010	430	60	47,225
Married or living common law	46,970	16,350	30,365	240	20	30,485
Married	35,570	13,070	22,270	210	20	22,375
Living common law	11,410	3,280	8,095	30	0	8,110
Not married and not living common law	25,295	8,425	16,645	190	45	16,740
Never married	16,350	5,555	10,630	155	20	10,705
Separated	1,940	710	1,235	0	10	1,230
Divorced	3,625	1,215	2,380	25	10	2,395
Widowed	3,375	950	2,405	10	15	2,410
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	72,270	24,770	47,005	430	65	47,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,890	23,705	45,725	405	55	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,786	47,401	44,941	51,200	12,578	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,757	40,376	38,218	22,873	10,743	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,915	23,710	45,750	400	55	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,516	39,498	38,032	39,344	12,154	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,436	35,596	33,985	22,873	10,743	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,945	21,505	41,080	350	0	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,607	46,764	43,414	52,526	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,962	39,451	37,297	22,439	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,305	15,830	32,105	315	55	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,121	7,463	8,462	6,473	7,765	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,579	5,030	7,305	2,993	4,786	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,545	18,360	33,880	295	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,806	44,933	43,163	47,993	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,646	39,418	38,179	27,725	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.7	89.5	86.8	91.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.9	73.4	71.2	69.1	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.3	10.5	13.2	9.8	51.4	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	72,270	24,770	47,005	425	60	47,220
Without total income	2,380	1,065	1,280	25	10	1,295
With total income	69,890	23,705	45,725	405	55	45,925
Percentage with total income	96.7	95.7	97.3	95.3	91.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,730	3,065	4,550	90	too unreliable to be published F	4,595
$10,000 to $19,999	11,420	3,415	7,905	85	too unreliable to be published F	7,950
$20,000 to $29,999	8,955	2,905	6,000	50	too unreliable to be published F	6,025
$30,000 to $39,999	7,780	2,385	5,365	25	too unreliable to be published F	5,380
$40,000 to $49,999	7,745	2,615	5,085	40	too unreliable to be published F	5,105
$50,000 to $59,999	6,595	2,185	4,390	25	too unreliable to be published F	4,400
$60,000 to $69,999	5,495	1,885	3,600	15	too unreliable to be published F	3,605
$70,000 to $79,999	4,100	1,500	2,570	30	too unreliable to be published F	2,580
$80,000 to $89,999	3,065	1,130	1,920	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,930
$90,000 to $99,999	2,460	810	1,645	15	too unreliable to be published F	1,650
$100,000 and over	4,535	1,810	2,700	20	too unreliable to be published F	2,715
$100,000 to $149,999	3,620	1,445	2,170	10	too unreliable to be published F	2,170
$150,000 and over	910	360	535	10	too unreliable to be published F	540
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	72,270	24,770	47,010	430	65	47,225
Without after-tax income	2,355	1,060	1,260	25	10	1,275
With after-tax income	69,920	23,715	45,750	405	55	45,950
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	95.7	97.3	94.2	84.6	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,090	3,195	4,780	90	too unreliable to be published F	4,825
$10,000 to $19,999	11,910	3,610	8,190	85	too unreliable to be published F	8,235
$20,000 to $29,999	10,560	3,335	7,165	60	too unreliable to be published F	7,190
$30,000 to $39,999	9,800	3,165	6,600	30	too unreliable to be published F	6,620
$40,000 to $49,999	9,185	3,015	6,125	45	too unreliable to be published F	6,150
$50,000 to $59,999	7,370	2,465	4,885	20	too unreliable to be published F	4,890
$60,000 to $69,999	4,875	1,915	2,925	35	too unreliable to be published F	2,940
$70,000 to $79,999	3,420	1,190	2,215	10	too unreliable to be published F	2,225
$80,000 and over	4,715	1,820	2,870	25	too unreliable to be published F	2,885
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	790	1,325	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,335
$90,000 to $99,999	990	395	595	10	too unreliable to be published F	600
$100,000 and over	1,600	640	945	10	too unreliable to be published F	950
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	72,270	24,775	47,010	430	60	47,220
Without employment income	19,730	6,415	13,125	135	55	13,195
With employment income	52,545	18,360	33,880	295	0	34,030
Percentage with employment income	72.7	74.1	72.1	68.6	0.0	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,585	2,365	4,185	35	too unreliable to be published F	4,200
$5,000 to $9,999	3,695	1,255	2,380	55	too unreliable to be published F	2,410
$10,000 to $19,999	6,215	2,040	4,125	45	too unreliable to be published F	4,150
$20,000 to $29,999	5,380	1,910	3,450	20	too unreliable to be published F	3,455
$30,000 to $39,999	5,115	1,670	3,405	35	too unreliable to be published F	3,420
$40,000 to $49,999	5,320	1,830	3,465	30	too unreliable to be published F	3,475
$50,000 to $59,999	5,025	1,755	3,265	10	too unreliable to be published F	3,270
$60,000 to $69,999	4,155	1,415	2,730	15	too unreliable to be published F	2,730
$70,000 to $79,999	3,175	1,220	1,930	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,940
$80,000 and over	7,890	2,900	4,950	35	too unreliable to be published F	4,970
$80,000 to $89,999	2,495	900	1,575	15	too unreliable to be published F	1,580
$90,000 to $99,999	2,185	720	1,460	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,465
$100,000 and over	3,210	1,280	1,915	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,925
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	72,270	24,770	47,005	425	60	47,225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	27,605	10,130	17,370	105	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	55,683	56,689	55,342	63,366	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	60,116	61,398	59,384	58,260	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	87,260	30,655	55,835	705	60	56,190
English only	18,420	18,420	0	0	0	0
French only	9,710	0	9,710	0	0	9,710
English and French	59,060	12,230	46,125	705	0	46,480
Neither English nor French	65	10	0	0	60	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	87,260	30,655	55,840	705	65	56,190
English	34,290	28,565	5,725	0	0	5,725
French	49,530	835	48,695	0	0	48,695
Non-official language	795	535	65	135	65	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	795	535	65	130	60	130
English and French	1,985	280	1,210	495	0	1,455
English and non-official language	420	415	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	105	10	100	0	0	100
English, French and non-official language	130	20	35	75	0	75
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	87,255	30,655	55,835	705	60	56,185
None	63,755	25,065	38,025	605	60	38,330
English	14,585	850	13,690	45	0	13,720
French	7,695	3,850	3,840	10	0	3,845
Non-official language	1,020	800	200	20	0	210
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,010	790	195	20	0	210
English and French	25	0	0	25	0	10
English and non-official language	75	10	65	0	0	60
French and non-official language	100	90	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	87,260	30,655	55,835	705	65	56,185
English	27,715	27,675	40	0	0	40
French	55,155	160	54,995	0	0	54,995
Non-official language	2,580	2,070	265	180	60	360
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,565	2,055	265	185	60	360
English and French	1,445	575	410	465	0	640
English and non-official language	175	175	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	120	0	125	0	0	125
English, French and non-official language	70	10	0	55	0	30
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	87,260	30,655	55,835	705	65	56,190
Official languages	87,190	30,655	55,835	700	0	56,185
English	77,485	30,650	46,125	705	0	46,480
French	68,770	12,230	55,835	705	0	56,190
Non-official languages	4,965	3,005	1,645	260	60	1,770
Aboriginal languages	30	30	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,930	2,975	1,640	255	65	1,770
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	87,260	30,655	55,835	700	60	56,185
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	2,795	1,030	1,705	55	0	1,735
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	2,675	1,005	1,615	55	0	1,645
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,225	525	675	25	0	685
Métis	1,415	450	930	30	0	945
Inuk (Inuit)	40	30	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	45	10	35	0	0	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	75	15	60	0	0	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	84,465	29,620	54,130	645	65	54,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	87,260	30,660	55,835	705	65	56,185
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	490	230	245	20	0	255
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	86,765	30,425	55,590	685	65	55,935
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	87,260	30,655	55,840	705	65	56,185
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	750	210	535	10	0	540
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	740	210	520	10	0	530
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	520	155	355	10	0	360
Métis single ancestry	200	40	160	0	0	160
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	5,270	1,885	3,320	65	0	3,350
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	5,125	1,825	3,235	65	0	3,270
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,455	1,255	2,175	25	0	2,185
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,620	535	1,050	35	0	1,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	35	15	0	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	135	60	80	0	0	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	60	80	0	0	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	81,235	28,565	51,980	625	60	52,300
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	87,255	30,655	55,840	705	65	56,190
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	86,340	29,995	55,640	675	35	55,975
Canadian citizens only	85,205	29,165	55,415	595	30	55,715
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,135	830	220	80	0	265
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	925	665	200	30	30	215
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	87,255	30,655	55,835	705	65	56,185
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	83,060	27,560	54,970	520	10	55,230
Immigrants^Footnote 42	4,035	2,975	830	180	50	920
Before 1981	1,825	1,535	240	40	10	260
1981 to 1990	570	415	110	30	10	125
1991 to 2000	625	420	155	40	10	175
2001 to 2010	745	450	245	45	10	265
2001 to 2005	325	210	105	15	0	115
2006 to 2010	420	245	140	30	10	155
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	270	155	80	25	10	90
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	160	125	30	0	10	30
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	4,035	2,970	835	180	45	920
Under 5 years	635	490	120	25	0	135
5 to 14 years	785	630	125	35	0	140
15 to 24 years	860	635	190	35	0	210
25 to 44 years	1,540	1,095	350	75	15	385
45 years and over	215	135	45	10	25	50
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	4,035	2,975	830	180	45	925
Americas	765	560	155	40	0	180
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	15	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	25	20	0	0	0	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0	0	0
Haiti	145	30	105	15	0	110
Jamaica	50	45	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	30	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	315	280	35	0	0	35
Other places of birth in Americas	115	95	15	10	0	20
Europe	2,225	1,765	365	75	20	400
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	15	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	160	10	150	0	0	150
Germany	245	215	15	10	0	20
Greece	55	50	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	40	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	25	25	0	0	0	0
Italy	95	60	25	10	0	30
Netherlands	195	185	10	0	0	10
Poland	75	65	0	10	0	10
Portugal	45	35	10	0	0	15
Romania	55	40	10	0	0	10
Russian Federation	60	45	15	0	0	15
Serbia^Footnote 49	15	15	10	0	0	10
Ukraine	25	15	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	675	660	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	445	300	115	25	10	130
Africa	390	110	240	40	0	255
Algeria	35	0	30	0	0	35
Egypt	30	10	15	10	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	265	50	180	30	0	200
Asia	630	515	65	25	25	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	60	60	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	95	45	30	0	15	35
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	60	55	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	25	25	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	20	10	15	0	0	15
Lebanon	95	75	10	10	0	15
Pakistan	30	25	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	60	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	20	0	0	10	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	75	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	25	15	10	0	0	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	265	155	80	25	0	90
Americas	100	60	30	10	0	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	30	0	0	30
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	0	15	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	50	50	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	45	20	0	0	20
France	20	0	20	0	0	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	50	10	35	10	0	40
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	0	0	15
Asia	40	35	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	20	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	87,260	30,655	55,835	705	60	56,185
First generation^Footnote 71	4,585	3,405	940	190	55	1,035
Second generation^Footnote 72	5,905	4,440	1,360	100	10	1,410
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	76,770	22,815	53,540	415	10	53,745
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,295	1,505	605	140	40	675
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,075	715	290	60	15	320
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	485	300	160	15	10	165
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	595	415	135	45	10	155
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	845	565	225	35	25	240
Refugees^Footnote 79	375	230	90	50	10	115
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	87,260	30,655	55,835	700	60	56,185
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,670	1,750	765	130	25	830
South Asian^Footnote 83	400	360	20	0	10	25
Chinese	210	145	50	0	15	55
Black	1,105	540	510	60	0	540
Filipino	125	115	0	10	0	0
Latin American	215	170	25	15	0	35
Arab	310	190	85	30	0	100
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	85	60	25	0	0	20
West Asian^Footnote 85	20	20	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	0	15	0	0	15
Japanese	50	50	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	55	40	15	0	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	60	45	20	0	0	15
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	84,590	28,905	55,070	575	35	55,360
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	87,260	30,660	55,835	700	60	56,185
North American Aboriginal origins	6,025	2,090	3,850	75	0	3,890
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,125	1,465	2,620	40	0	2,640
Inuit	75	55	25	0	0	25
Métis	1,970	635	1,300	40	0	1,320
Other North American origins	56,760	13,400	43,065	300	0	43,215
Acadian	275	110	160	0	0	165
American	615	500	115	10	0	120
Canadian	56,000	13,000	42,705	300	0	42,850
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	45	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	155	10	150	0	0	150
Québécois	180	40	140	0	0	135
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	49,365	23,400	25,490	435	35	25,710
British Isles origins	23,955	17,945	5,775	240	0	5,895
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,040	8,945	1,935	160	0	2,015
Irish	11,925	8,515	3,290	115	0	3,350
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,730	7,935	1,700	105	0	1,750
Welsh	615	540	50	20	0	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,250	1,115	130	0	0	125
French origins	30,400	7,560	22,560	280	0	22,700
Alsatian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Breton	25	0	25	0	0	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	30,375	7,545	22,555	280	0	22,690
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,000	5,150	1,755	80	15	1,795
Austrian	170	145	25	0	0	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	530	150	370	15	0	380
Dutch	2,000	1,785	205	10	0	205
Flemish	45	10	40	0	0	45
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	4,235	3,155	1,050	25	10	1,060
Luxembourger	40	0	40	0	0	40
Swiss	460	325	90	45	10	110
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	870	770	95	0	0	95
Danish	295	290	10	0	0	10
Finnish	175	145	25	0	0	25
Icelandic	35	25	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	155	145	10	0	0	10
Swedish	240	195	45	0	0	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	40	30	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,035	2,565	410	45	10	440
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	120	110	0	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	35	30	0	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	10	0	0	10
Hungarian	400	335	65	0	0	65
Latvian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,185	950	205	25	0	215
Romanian	105	80	15	0	0	15
Russian	395	350	30	10	0	40
Slovak	75	65	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	1,005	895	105	10	10	105
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	20	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,000	1,895	1,045	55	0	1,070
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	20	0	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	240	175	55	0	0	60
Italian	1,835	1,145	665	20	10	675
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	45	45	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	170	110	10	0	120
Serbian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	30	10	0	0	10
Spanish	425	230	175	20	0	190
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	70	45	30	0	0	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	120	115	0	0	115
Basque	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	85	70	10	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	140	45	95	0	0	95
Caribbean origins	565	340	200	30	0	210
Antiguan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dominican	35	25	10	0	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	200	45	140	15	0	145
Jamaican	220	180	35	0	0	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	25	25	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	20	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	370	285	50	35	10	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	25	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Chilean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Colombian	40	20	15	0	0	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	100	90	10	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	75	45	10	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	50	50	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	20	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	15	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	965	425	485	50	0	510
Central and West African origins	215	45	170	0	0	170
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	40	10	35	0	0	35
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	80	0	80	0	0	75
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	0	0	0	10
Guinean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	20	10	15	0	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	10	0	0	10
North African origins	210	65	145	10	0	150
Algerian	55	10	45	0	0	45
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	45	45	10	0	50
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	0	20	0	0	25
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	0	25	10	0	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	240	170	35	35	0	55
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	0	20	35	0	35
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	100	95	10	0	0	10
Tanzanian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	30	35	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	320	150	140	25	0	155
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	30	10	20	0	0	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	295	145	125	20	0	140
Asian origins	1,600	1,250	280	45	25	300
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	525	425	80	15	0	90
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	25	20	0	0	0	10
Armenian	25	10	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	50	45	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	295	235	50	10	0	55
Palestinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	25	0	0	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	30	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	20	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	465	375	65	15	10	70
Bangladeshi	50	50	0	0	0	0
Bengali	35	35	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	290	215	65	10	0	65
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	65	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	30	0	0	10	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	615	450	135	15	15	140
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	290	205	65	10	10	65
Filipino	150	130	10	10	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	55	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	20	10	0	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	50	10	0	0	10
Australian	50	40	10	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	72,270	24,770	47,010	425	60	47,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,220	4,050	10,070	70	30	10,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	22,355	7,765	14,470	110	15	14,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,700	12,960	22,465	255	20	22,590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,570	2,000	4,535	30	10	4,545
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,500	995	2,495	15	0	2,500
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	3,070	1,005	2,045	15	10	2,050
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,365	6,315	10,925	120	10	10,980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,475	480	980	10	0	985
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,290	4,160	6,035	90	0	6,085
Bachelor's degree	7,690	3,110	4,510	65	0	4,550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	785	255	525	0	0	525
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	55	90	0	0	95
Master's degree	1,470	625	835	15	0	840
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	195	110	75	0	0	75
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	72,270	24,770	47,005	430	65	47,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	36,575	11,815	24,540	180	40	24,630
Education	2,960	660	2,290	0	0	2,295
13. Education	2,960	660	2,290	10	0	2,295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	940	430	505	0	0	505
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	90	115	0	0	115
50. Visual and performing arts	730	340	390	0	0	390
Humanities	1,365	555	785	25	0	795
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	40	130	15	0	135
23. English language and literature/letters	220	180	40	0	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	370	105	255	10	0	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	15	20	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	20	50	0	0	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	0	0	30
54. History	275	130	140	0	0	145
55. French language and literature/letters	170	35	130	10	0	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,820	1,615	2,185	10	0	2,195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	20	15	0	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	155	215	0	0	220
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	315	615	0	0	620
22. Legal professions and studies	635	285	345	0	0	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	100	25	75	0	0	80
42. Psychology	495	215	275	0	0	275
45. Social sciences	1,245	600	635	10	0	640
Business, management and public administration	6,735	2,395	4,290	55	0	4,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	20	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	655	235	410	10	0	415
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,065	2,145	3,880	40	0	3,905
Physical and life sciences and technologies	790	400	390	0	0	390
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	375	200	170	10	0	175
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	70	65	0	0	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	20	0	20	0	0	20
40. Physical sciences	200	110	90	0	0	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	25	45	0	0	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,440	585	830	25	0	845
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,200	505	675	25	0	685
25. Library science	130	30	95	0	0	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	50	55	0	0	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,925	2,805	5,065	50	10	5,095
04. Architecture and related services	200	75	130	0	0	130
14. Engineering	775	415	335	20	10	345
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,655	655	995	10	0	995
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,965	485	1,460	15	0	1,470
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,450	950	1,485	0	0	1,490
48. Precision production	870	215	655	0	0	655
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,175	485	650	30	10	660
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	940	400	505	30	10	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	90	145	0	0	145
Health and related fields	5,110	1,875	3,190	45	0	3,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	350	140	210	0	0	205
51. Health professions and related programs	4,745	1,730	2,975	40	0	2,990
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,445	1,145	2,280	10	0	2,285
12. Personal and culinary services	1,625	475	1,145	0	10	1,150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	25	20	0	0	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	80	40	40	0	0	40
43. Security and protective services	1,140	440	695	0	0	695
49. Transportation and materials moving	550	170	385	0	0	380
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	72,270	24,775	47,010	430	65	47,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,570	11,815	24,540	175	40	24,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	35,700	12,960	22,465	250	20	22,590
Location of study inside Canada	34,065	11,810	22,065	195	0	22,160
Same as province or territory of residence	27,615	9,265	18,200	155	0	18,275
Different than province or territory of residence	6,455	2,545	3,865	40	0	3,885
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,630	1,150	405	60	20	435
United States^Footnote 130	360	230	130	0	0	130
Philippines	40	45	0	0	0	0
India	40	40	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	300	265	40	0	0	40
China^Footnote 132	25	25	0	0	0	0
France	105	0	95	0	0	100
Other	755	545	135	55	15	165
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	72,270	24,775	47,005	430	60	not applicable ...
In the labour force	48,170	17,000	30,880	280	10	not applicable ...
Employed	45,620	15,995	29,370	255	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,545	1,010	1,510	30	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	24,100	7,775	16,130	150	50	not applicable ...
Participation rate	66.7	68.6	65.7	65.1	16.7	not applicable ...
Employment rate	63.1	64.6	62.5	59.3	16.7	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.9	4.9	10.7	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	72,270	24,770	47,005	430	60	47,220
Did not work^Footnote 135	22,390	7,260	14,960	125	45	15,020
Worked	49,880	17,510	32,050	305	15	32,200
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	28,240	10,400	17,720	115	0	17,780
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	21,635	7,110	14,330	190	10	14,420
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	44.1	44.0	36.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	51,090	17,975	32,785	310	15	32,945
a.Management	5,470	2,270	3,185	15	10	3,190
00 Senior management occupations	510	155	360	0	0	360
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,540	685	855	0	0	860
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,640	750	880	10	0	890
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,775	690	1,080	0	10	1,080
b.Professional	8,105	2,910	5,140	55	0	5,170
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,500	510	980	10	0	980
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,505	675	800	30	0	815
30 Professional occupations in nursing	805	365	440	0	0	440
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	345	110	230	10	0	235
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,165	505	1,660	0	0	1,660
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,380	580	795	0	0	800
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	400	165	235	0	0	240
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,315	2,000	3,275	40	0	3,295
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,410	605	785	20	0	795
32 Technical occupations in health	930	340	585	0	0	590
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,545	455	1,080	10	0	1,085
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	795	375	420	0	0	425
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	640	230	395	10	0	405
d.Administration and administrative support	7,515	2,425	5,040	50	0	5,065
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,670	1,155	2,485	30	0	2,500
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	495	160	330	0	0	330
14 Office support occupations	2,410	785	1,615	15	0	1,620
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	940	325	610	10	0	610
e.Sales	4,415	1,590	2,785	45	0	2,805
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	850	360	490	10	0	490
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,855	645	1,180	35	0	1,195
66 Sales support occupations	1,700	590	1,110	0	0	1,110
f.Personal and customer information services	8,255	2,865	5,340	45	0	5,365
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	870	225	635	10	0	645
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	965	310	650	10	0	650
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,375	480	890	10	0	890
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,150	865	1,275	10	0	1,280
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,885	975	1,890	15	0	1,895
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,970	1,645	3,295	15	10	3,305
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,080	970	2,100	10	0	2,105
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,895	680	1,195	10	10	1,200
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,160	1,310	2,820	25	0	2,835
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	630	210	415	0	0	420
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,530	835	1,675	20	0	1,685
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,000	265	730	10	0	730
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,365	480	865	20	0	870
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	200	80	120	0	0	120
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	695	225	450	15	0	455
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	465	180	295	0	0	290
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,520	475	1,050	0	0	1,050
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	230	100	130	0	0	135
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	510	165	350	0	0	355
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	295	90	205	0	0	205
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	485	125	355	0	0	360
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	51,090	17,975	32,785	310	15	32,945
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,875	680	1,170	20	0	1,180
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,775	645	1,110	20	10	1,115
113 Forestry and logging	25	10	20	0	0	25
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	75	30	40	0	0	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	35	65	0	0	60
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	70	15	55	0	0	50
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	15	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	170	100	70	0	0	70
221 Utilities	170	100	70	0	0	70
23 Construction	5,555	1,560	3,965	25	10	3,975
236 Construction of buildings	1,595	420	1,170	10	0	1,175
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	390	150	240	10	0	235
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,565	990	2,555	10	10	2,560
31-33 Manufacturing	3,395	1,210	2,155	30	0	2,170
311 Food manufacturing	460	125	340	0	0	340
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	175	115	65	0	0	60
313 Textile mills	20	15	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	40	10	30	0	0	35
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	10	10	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	175	25	140	10	0	140
322 Paper manufacturing	85	15	75	0	0	75
323 Printing and related support activities	150	75	75	0	0	75
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	145	55	85	0	0	85
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	120	60	55	0	0	60
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	215	45	170	0	0	170
331 Primary metal manufacturing	490	165	315	10	0	320
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	365	120	230	15	0	240
333 Machinery manufacturing	85	40	45	0	0	50
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	90	35	55	0	0	55
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	45	25	20	0	0	15
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	290	130	155	0	0	155
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	265	75	185	0	0	190
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	165	75	85	0	0	90
41 Wholesale trade	1,475	595	870	10	0	870
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	30	10	30	0	0	30
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	10	15	0	0	15
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	165	60	110	0	0	110
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	100	50	55	0	0	55
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	170	55	115	0	0	115
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	260	115	145	0	0	145
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	515	225	275	10	0	280
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	160	70	90	0	0	90
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	15	30	0	0	30
44-45 Retail trade	5,675	2,060	3,585	30	0	3,600
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	925	325	600	0	0	595
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	105	25	80	0	0	80
443 Electronics and appliance stores	130	70	55	0	0	60
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	540	160	380	0	0	380
445 Food and beverage stores	1,375	475	890	0	10	895
446 Health and personal care stores	570	135	430	10	0	430
447 Gasoline stations	190	85	105	0	0	105
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	320	90	230	0	0	230
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	175	80	90	0	0	95
452 General merchandise stores	920	420	485	15	0	490
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	285	130	150	0	0	150
454 Non-store retailers	145	55	85	0	0	85
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,405	840	1,550	15	0	1,555
481 Air transportation	160	95	65	0	0	65
482 Rail transportation	25	10	15	0	0	20
483 Water transportation	15	10	10	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	615	215	395	10	0	400
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	640	200	440	0	0	445
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	0	15	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	325	105	215	0	0	215
491 Postal service	405	100	300	10	0	300
492 Couriers and messengers	115	55	55	0	0	55
493 Warehousing and storage	95	55	35	0	0	35
51 Information and cultural industries	650	295	345	0	0	355
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	155	70	80	0	0	85
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	35	25	0	0	25
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	55	10	40	0	0	45
517 Telecommunications	235	135	95	10	0	95
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	10	20	0	0	20
519 Other information services	115	30	90	0	0	90
52 Finance and insurance	1,415	530	890	0	0	885
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	45	15	30	0	0	30
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	740	275	465	0	0	460
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	130	60	70	0	0	70
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	485	165	320	0	0	320
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	10	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	570	215	350	10	0	355
531 Real estate	440	165	270	0	0	275
532 Rental and leasing services	135	50	75	10	0	80
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,245	1,100	1,135	0	0	1,140
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,245	1,100	1,135	10	0	1,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,205	960	1,230	15	0	1,235
561 Administrative and support services	1,990	900	1,080	10	0	1,085
562 Waste management and remediation services	215	65	145	0	0	145
61 Educational services	4,240	920	3,295	25	0	3,310
611 Educational services	4,240	915	3,295	30	0	3,310
62 Health care and social assistance	5,675	1,755	3,890	35	0	3,900
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,430	465	950	0	0	955
622 Hospitals	1,480	525	950	10	0	955
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,340	370	955	10	0	960
624 Social assistance	1,425	390	1,025	10	0	1,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	405	555	0	0	560
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	205	120	80	0	0	80
712 Heritage institutions	140	95	45	0	0	50
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	615	190	430	0	0	430
72 Accommodation and food services	2,775	1,145	1,600	25	0	1,615
721 Accommodation services	215	85	130	0	0	130
722 Food services and drinking places	2,560	1,065	1,470	25	0	1,485
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,400	815	1,570	15	0	1,575
811 Repair and maintenance	810	240	565	10	0	570
812 Personal and laundry services	860	290	565	0	0	570
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	625	245	380	0	0	385
814 Private households	100	45	55	0	0	55
91 Public administration	7,280	2,745	4,495	40	0	4,520
911 Federal government public administration	5,360	2,105	3,230	25	0	3,240
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	490	145	345	0	0	350
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,410	485	910	10	0	915
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	25	10	15	0	0	15
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	45,625	15,990	29,370	250	10	29,495
Worked at home	3,435	1,360	2,035	30	10	2,050
Worked outside Canada	70	40	35	0	0	35
No fixed workplace address	5,205	1,815	3,370	20	0	3,380
Worked at usual place	36,910	12,775	23,930	200	0	24,030
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	51,090	17,975	32,790	310	15	32,945
English	25,880	15,805	9,975	100	0	10,030
French	20,195	1,225	18,900	70	0	18,935
Non-official language	65	50	0	10	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	45	0	0	15	0
English and French	4,855	840	3,890	130	0	3,955
English and non-official language	55	55	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	15	0	0	15
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	51,090	17,970	32,790	310	15	32,945
None	24,720	12,635	11,840	235	10	11,955
English	13,725	1,000	12,695	35	0	12,705
French	12,470	4,250	8,170	45	0	8,195
Non-official language	140	85	60	0	0	60
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	80	60	0	0	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	20
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	36,910	12,775	23,930	200	0	24,030
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,480	2,355	7,090	35	0	7,110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,135	1,505	5,565	65	0	5,600
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,900	8,130	9,675	100	0	9,720
Commute to a different province or territory	2,395	790	1,600	10	0	1,600
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	42,120	14,590	27,300	225	10	27,415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,770	12,290	23,300	180	0	23,390
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,695	1,025	1,650	20	0	1,660
Public transit	1,635	635	995	10	0	1,000
Walked	1,470	460	995	15	0	1,005
Bicycle	130	35	100	0	0	100
Other method	420	150	265	0	0	260
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	42,120	14,590	27,300	220	0	27,415
Less than 15 minutes	11,075	2,685	8,325	65	0	8,355
15 to 29 minutes	8,615	2,955	5,610	55	0	5,635
30 to 44 minutes	10,500	4,195	6,255	55	0	6,280
45 to 59 minutes	6,800	2,850	3,925	25	0	3,935
60 minutes and over	5,125	1,900	3,190	25	0	3,205
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	42,120	14,590	27,300	225	10	27,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,150	1,840	3,285	25	0	3,300
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,525	4,075	7,400	45	0	7,425
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,965	3,940	7,955	65	10	7,990
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,850	1,885	3,945	25	0	3,955
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,490	1,005	1,465	20	0	1,475
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,135	1,855	3,245	45	0	3,265
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	86,295	30,270	55,290	665	60	55,625
Non-movers	77,655	26,880	50,125	600	50	50,425
Movers	8,640	3,395	5,170	65	10	5,200
Non-migrants	3,920	1,315	2,580	15	10	2,585
Migrants	4,725	2,075	2,590	50	10	2,615
Internal migrants	4,560	1,970	2,555	35	0	2,570
Intraprovincial migrants	3,695	1,660	2,005	35	0	2,020
Interprovincial migrants	865	310	550	0	0	550
External migrants	165	105	35	15	0	45
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	82,420	28,740	53,010	605	65	53,315
Non-movers	54,610	18,070	36,150	360	30	36,325
Movers	27,815	10,670	16,870	245	35	16,990
Non-migrants	12,135	3,605	8,445	80	10	8,485
Migrants	15,675	7,065	8,420	165	25	8,505
Internal migrants	15,155	6,675	8,320	150	15	8,390
Intraprovincial migrants	11,805	5,320	6,365	110	10	6,420
Interprovincial migrants	3,350	1,350	1,950	40	10	1,970
External migrants	520	390	100	15	10	110

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Prescott and Russell

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.