Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Peterborough

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
0 to 14 years	19,830	19,540	130	75	75	170
0 to 4 years	6,645	6,545	35	25	35	50
5 to 9 years	6,625	6,510	50	35	25	65
10 to 14 years	6,565	6,490	45	20	15	55
15 to 64 years	86,065	85,000	875	100	95	930
15 to 19 years	7,275	7,190	60	20	0	70
20 to 24 years	8,940	8,850	80	10	0	85
25 to 29 years	8,025	7,950	55	10	10	55
30 to 34 years	7,605	7,520	75	10	0	80
35 to 39 years	7,065	6,975	65	10	10	70
40 to 44 years	7,055	6,970	80	10	0	80
45 to 49 years	7,855	7,755	75	10	15	80
50 to 54 years	10,160	10,010	135	15	0	140
55 to 59 years	11,200	11,030	155	10	20	155
60 to 64 years	10,885	10,745	110	10	20	115
65 years and over	29,180	28,710	330	20	115	340
65 to 69 years	10,245	10,115	115	0	20	115
70 to 74 years	7,070	6,960	85	10	25	85
75 to 79 years	4,905	4,810	60	10	25	65
80 to 84 years	3,845	3,775	35	10	25	35
85 years and over	3,115	3,055	35	10	15	40
85 to 89 years	2,265	2,230	20	10	0	25
90 to 94 years	725	705	15	0	10	15
95 to 99 years	125	120	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	43.8	43.8	48.2	29.2	48.4	not applicable ...
Median age	46.1	46.1	53.1	18.3	58.2	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	115,245	113,710	1,205	120	205	1,270
Married or living common law	68,210	67,240	790	70	110	820
Married	55,790	55,010	615	60	105	650
Living common law	12,420	12,235	170	10	10	175
Not married and not living common law	47,040	46,470	420	50	100	440
Never married	28,805	28,510	215	40	30	235
Separated	3,770	3,735	35	0	0	35
Divorced	7,475	7,385	80	0	10	80
Widowed	6,985	6,840	90	0	55	95
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	210	1,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	111,220	109,735	1,190	100	195	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,943	42,118	30,340	36,788	16,932	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,797	31,823	34,495	35,748	17,030	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	111,260	109,770	1,190	105	195	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,463	35,655	21,086	32,752	16,249	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,180	29,204	31,764	31,314	17,030	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,680	97,435	1,055	85	105	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,809	39,976	26,874	38,145	16,005	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,771	28,779	29,935	35,507	14,584	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,895	83,765	870	80	175	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,678	8,677	8,829	6,988	9,216	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,844	7,838	8,429	4,673	11,010	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,445	76,530	795	60	60	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,500	38,656	23,973	45,404	23,887	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,391	28,319	37,465	45,072	25,554	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	84.2	84.3	78.5	88.1	50.9	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	63.9	64.0	52.8	74.1	38.8	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	15.8	15.7	21.4	14.5	48.8	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	115,245	113,710	1,205	120	210	1,270
Without total income	4,025	3,975	20	20	10	30
With total income	111,220	109,735	1,190	100	195	1,240
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.5	98.8	83.3	92.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,680	14,440	170	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$10,000 to $19,999	21,090	20,760	215	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	225
$20,000 to $29,999	17,160	16,970	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
$30,000 to $39,999	14,130	13,980	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	135
$40,000 to $49,999	11,510	11,370	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$50,000 to $59,999	8,590	8,495	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$60,000 to $69,999	6,355	6,285	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,590	4,520	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$80,000 to $89,999	3,505	3,475	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	2,990	2,905	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$100,000 and over	6,620	6,525	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$100,000 to $149,999	4,725	4,675	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$150,000 and over	1,895	1,855	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	205	1,270
Without after-tax income	3,985	3,935	20	15	10	30
With after-tax income	111,260	109,775	1,190	100	200	1,240
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.5	98.3	83.3	97.6	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,250	15,015	175	too unreliable to be published F	45	185
$10,000 to $19,999	22,050	21,710	225	too unreliable to be published F	105	230
$20,000 to $29,999	19,800	19,585	175	too unreliable to be published F	30	180
$30,000 to $39,999	16,520	16,325	160	too unreliable to be published F	10	175
$40,000 to $49,999	12,425	12,310	105	too unreliable to be published F	0	105
$50,000 to $59,999	8,450	8,340	105	too unreliable to be published F	0	110
$60,000 to $69,999	5,610	5,530	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,305	4,215	90	too unreliable to be published F	0	90
$80,000 and over	6,840	6,740	90	too unreliable to be published F	0	95
$80,000 to $89,999	2,580	2,545	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,245	1,240	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$100,000 and over	3,015	2,950	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	205	1,270
Without employment income	37,800	37,180	410	55	145	440
With employment income	77,445	76,530	795	60	60	830
Percentage with employment income	67.2	67.3	65.7	50.0	29.3	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	14,275	14,145	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$5,000 to $9,999	6,655	6,565	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$10,000 to $19,999	10,530	10,445	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$20,000 to $29,999	8,630	8,515	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$30,000 to $39,999	8,105	8,025	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,545	6,475	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$50,000 to $59,999	5,595	5,525	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$60,000 to $69,999	4,175	4,130	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$70,000 to $79,999	3,005	2,955	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$80,000 and over	9,925	9,750	165	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	170
$80,000 to $89,999	2,720	2,695	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$90,000 to $99,999	2,440	2,360	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$100,000 and over	4,775	4,700	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	210	1,265
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	34,630	34,210	350	40	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,196	50,122	65,563	58,823	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	58,989	58,894	71,089	59,730	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	135,075	133,255	1,340	200	285	1,435
English only	125,575	125,575	0	0	0	0
French only	30	0	30	0	0	30
English and French	9,160	7,655	1,305	200	0	1,405
Neither English nor French	310	25	0	0	285	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	135,075	133,250	1,335	200	285	1,435
English	131,160	130,265	900	0	0	895
French	440	45	400	0	0	400
Non-official language	2,095	1,720	10	80	285	50
Aboriginal	30	35	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,060	1,685	10	80	285	50
English and French	150	45	30	75	0	65
English and non-official language	1,155	1,155	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	35	0	45	0	20
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
None	129,845	128,705	745	135	260	810
English	1,185	870	245	60	15	275
French	1,350	1,025	315	0	0	320
Non-official language	2,630	2,615	15	0	10	15
Aboriginal	245	245	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,385	2,365	15	0	0	20
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	40	30	10	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
English	125,715	125,705	15	0	0	15
French	1,445	160	1,285	0	0	1,285
Non-official language	6,935	6,525	0	115	285	65
Aboriginal	85	90	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,850	6,440	10	120	290	65
English and French	345	245	20	80	0	60
English and non-official language	595	595	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,440
Official languages	134,770	133,230	1,335	200	0	1,435
English	134,735	133,230	1,305	200	0	1,405
French	9,195	7,655	1,335	200	0	1,435
Non-official languages	9,935	9,390	125	130	285	190
Aboriginal languages	435	420	15	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,500	8,970	110	130	285	180
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	6,160	6,045	105	10	10	105
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	6,010	5,895	95	10	10	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	4,070	4,015	35	10	10	40
Métis	1,875	1,815	60	0	0	60
Inuk (Inuit)	60	60	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	60	55	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	90	95	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	128,915	127,210	1,235	190	280	1,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	135,075	133,255	1,340	195	285	1,435
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,740	2,715	20	0	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	132,335	130,535	1,315	200	280	1,415
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	1,305	1,285	15	10	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	1,285	1,265	15	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	1,115	1,100	10	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	165	155	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	7,165	6,980	175	10	10	180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	7,000	6,825	170	10	0	170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,180	5,070	95	10	0	100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,775	1,705	70	0	0	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	50	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	160	155	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	150	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	126,600	124,995	1,145	185	275	1,240
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,440
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	132,285	130,625	1,305	175	185	1,395
Canadian citizens only	129,885	128,305	1,280	145	160	1,355
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,395	2,320	25	30	20	40
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	2,790	2,630	30	25	105	40
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	135,075	133,255	1,340	200	285	1,435
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	122,890	121,500	1,210	120	60	1,270
Immigrants^Footnote 42	11,410	11,005	110	80	220	150
Before 1981	6,685	6,610	35	20	20	45
1981 to 1990	1,260	1,195	10	10	50	10
1991 to 2000	1,205	1,150	20	15	30	25
2001 to 2010	1,500	1,375	40	25	50	55
2001 to 2005	785	710	30	0	30	35
2006 to 2010	715	665	15	20	20	25
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	770	670	0	20	80	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	770	750	15	0	10	15
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	11,410	11,000	110	80	220	145
Under 5 years	1,715	1,660	20	25	15	35
5 to 14 years	2,475	2,395	40	10	25	45
15 to 24 years	2,750	2,715	25	0	10	30
25 to 44 years	3,875	3,740	20	45	75	40
45 years and over	590	490	0	0	100	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	11,410	11,000	105	80	220	145
Americas	1,640	1,635	10	0	0	10
Brazil	30	25	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	105	110	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	100	100	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	70	0	0	0	0
Peru	20	20	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	60	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	995	990	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	250	250	0	0	0	0
Europe	6,925	6,785	60	30	50	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	20	0	0	0	0
Croatia	35	30	0	0	0	10
France	65	15	50	0	0	45
Germany	705	700	0	0	0	0
Greece	55	50	0	0	0	0
Hungary	145	140	0	0	10	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	120	115	0	0	0	0
Italy	240	220	0	10	10	10
Netherlands	670	670	0	0	0	0
Poland	375	350	0	0	20	0
Portugal	75	75	0	0	0	0
Romania	50	55	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	60	0	0	0	10
Serbia^Footnote 49	65	65	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	55	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,505	3,495	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	685	660	0	10	15	0
Africa	420	355	40	15	10	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	80	70	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	35	30	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	20	20	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	75	75	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	180	135	35	10	10	40
Asia	2,330	2,130	0	30	165	20
Afghanistan	40	35	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	65	65	0	0	10	0
China^Footnote 51	420	360	10	0	50	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	80	80	0	0	0	0
India	410	400	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 53	35	35	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	35	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	150	130	0	0	20	0
Lebanon	75	65	0	0	10	10
Pakistan	140	130	0	0	0	0
Philippines	350	350	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	60	60	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	90	25	0	10	60	10
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	110	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	225	215	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	100	100	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	765	670	0	15	80	15
Americas	95	100	0	0	0	0
Brazil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	20	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	40	40	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	0	0	0	0
Europe	145	130	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	70	70	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	30	0	0	0	10
Africa	30	30	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	480	395	0	15	75	0
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	65	55	0	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	80	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 65	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	35	35	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	95	95	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	15	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	90	20	0	10	55	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
First generation^Footnote 71	12,725	12,275	140	80	225	180
Second generation^Footnote 72	19,175	19,030	85	45	20	105
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	103,170	101,945	1,115	75	40	1,150
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	4,900	4,555	80	60	210	105
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	2,320	2,210	40	25	45	55
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	960	905	10	15	25	15
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,365	1,300	30	10	15	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,855	1,755	0	20	70	15
Refugees^Footnote 79	700	570	30	10	90	35
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	25	25	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	5,905	5,570	70	65	200	100
South Asian^Footnote 83	1,565	1,520	0	10	40	0
Chinese	985	910	10	10	60	10
Black	1,005	960	40	0	0	45
Filipino	530	530	0	0	0	0
Latin American	245	240	0	0	0	0
Arab	310	210	0	35	65	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	340	320	10	10	10	10
West Asian^Footnote 85	120	105	0	10	0	0
Korean	205	185	0	0	20	0
Japanese	195	190	10	0	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	225	225	0	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	175	175	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	129,170	127,685	1,270	130	90	1,335
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	135,075	133,255	1,335	200	285	1,435
North American Aboriginal origins	8,470	8,260	190	15	10	200
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,470	6,340	110	15	10	120
Inuit	65	65	0	0	0	0
Métis	2,115	2,030	85	0	0	85
Other North American origins	49,155	48,545	540	45	35	560
Acadian	185	165	20	0	0	20
American	1,540	1,525	10	0	0	15
Canadian	48,015	47,425	515	40	30	540
New Brunswicker	10	15	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	150	150	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	20	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	106,035	104,825	1,020	120	65	1,080
British Isles origins	88,835	88,460	305	60	15	335
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	40	45	0	0	0	0
English	53,035	52,885	90	40	15	110
Irish	43,135	42,930	170	30	0	180
Manx	25	25	0	0	0	0
Scottish	35,785	35,680	85	15	0	90
Welsh	3,625	3,630	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	4,580	4,560	20	0	0	20
French origins	16,065	15,135	855	70	0	895
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	25	20	10	0	0	10
French	16,035	15,110	855	65	0	890
Western European origins (except French origins)	22,360	22,200	90	65	10	120
Austrian	760	765	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	515	510	0	0	0	0
Dutch	8,030	8,020	15	0	0	10
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	40	40	0	0	0	0
German	14,070	13,940	60	60	0	90
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	550	530	10	0	0	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,365	3,360	10	0	0	10
Danish	840	845	0	0	0	0
Finnish	735	735	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	145	145	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	790	785	0	0	0	0
Swedish	800	795	10	0	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	205	205	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	9,220	9,120	35	35	30	55
Bulgarian	85	85	10	0	0	10
Byelorussian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Czech	415	415	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	65	60	0	0	0	0
Estonian	155	155	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	995	980	10	0	10	10
Latvian	165	165	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	185	185	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,875	3,815	10	30	25	25
Romanian	345	345	0	0	0	0
Russian	1,025	1,015	0	10	0	10
Slovak	180	180	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,945	2,940	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	25	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,535	8,385	95	30	25	110
Albanian	135	110	0	10	15	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	240	215	10	15	0	20
Cypriot	25	25	0	0	0	0
Greek	595	595	0	0	0	0
Italian	5,315	5,235	55	10	0	65
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	185	190	0	0	0	0
Maltese	290	290	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	760	740	15	0	0	20
Serbian	165	155	10	10	0	10
Sicilian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	130	0	0	0	10
Spanish	790	770	15	0	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	250	250	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	530	525	0	0	0	10
Basque	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	275	270	0	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	205	205	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	885	885	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	105	105	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	40	0	0	0	0
Dominican	25	25	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	405	405	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	130	130	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	100	100	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	25	25	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	615	610	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	60	0	0	0	0
Chilean	70	75	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	150	155	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	25	25	0	0	0	0
Mexican	185	180	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	25	30	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,050	975	50	25	0	60
Central and West African origins	215	185	30	0	0	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	10	30	0	0	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	90	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	20	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	30	30	0	0	0	0
North African origins	200	175	10	15	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	110	0	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	25	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	45	45	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	310	300	10	0	0	10
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	55	50	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	25	0	0	0	0
South African	170	175	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	330	320	10	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	285	280	0	0	0	10
Asian origins	5,020	4,735	45	45	190	65
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	765	660	10	35	65	25
Afghan	70	55	0	15	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	15	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	0	0	20	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	275	265	0	15	0	0
Palestinian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Syrian	135	70	0	10	55	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	120	70	0	0	50	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,635	1,595	0	0	30	0
Bangladeshi	65	65	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	30	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,315	1,285	0	10	20	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	30	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	120	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	25	20	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	55	55	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,645	2,510	30	10	90	35
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	95	90	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,280	1,210	0	0	55	10
Filipino	555	560	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Japanese	255	245	0	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	215	200	0	0	20	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	15	15	0	0	15
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	190	180	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	35	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	40	40	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	410	410	0	0	0	0
Australian	285	290	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	110	105	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	15	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	205	1,265
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,660	19,415	135	10	100	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	33,265	32,860	315	25	65	325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,315	61,435	760	85	40	800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,270	9,135	115	10	10	125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,985	3,905	70	0	10	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	5,285	5,230	50	0	0	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30,130	29,775	325	25	10	335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,865	1,830	30	0	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,045	20,690	285	55	15	315
Bachelor's degree	14,400	14,175	170	30	20	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,480	1,445	40	0	0	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	605	590	0	0	0	10
Master's degree	3,735	3,685	40	10	0	45
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	825	790	25	10	0	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	115,245	113,710	1,205	120	205	1,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	52,925	52,275	450	35	170	470
Education	4,485	4,375	95	0	0	100
13. Education	4,485	4,380	95	10	0	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,860	1,815	40	0	0	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	350	345	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,505	1,465	35	10	0	35
Humanities	3,165	3,090	70	10	0	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	165	10	0	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	935	915	20	0	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	505	10	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	30	30	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	250	245	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	540	540	0	0	0	0
54. History	600	595	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	90	20	0	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,100	7,015	65	20	10	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	275	270	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	515	505	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,435	1,415	20	0	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	1,105	1,085	15	10	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	240	235	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,185	1,180	10	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,345	2,320	20	10	0	25
Business, management and public administration	10,625	10,480	125	10	10	130
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	45	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,505	1,485	15	0	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,080	8,955	110	0	10	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,340	2,310	30	0	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,285	1,280	10	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	345	345	10	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	15	15	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	525	510	15	0	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	165	160	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,735	1,730	0	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,250	1,245	10	0	0	10
25. Library science	150	150	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	295	290	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	35	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,885	12,750	115	15	0	125
04. Architecture and related services	290	285	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,515	1,480	25	10	0	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,945	2,920	20	0	0	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,170	3,150	20	0	0	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,145	3,110	40	0	0	35
48. Precision production	1,825	1,815	15	0	0	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,735	1,710	20	10	0	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	695	685	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,045	1,030	10	0	0	15
Health and related fields	11,455	11,320	120	15	0	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,045	1,025	15	0	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	10,185	10,075	100	15	0	105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	225	220	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,930	4,835	70	10	10	80
12. Personal and culinary services	2,360	2,315	30	10	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,765	1,740	30	0	0	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	750	10	0	0	15
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	115,245	113,710	1,205	120	205	1,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,925	52,275	445	35	170	465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	62,320	61,435	760	85	40	800
Location of study inside Canada	57,715	56,960	715	35	0	735
Same as province or territory of residence	54,495	53,990	475	30	0	495
Different than province or territory of residence	3,220	2,975	240	0	0	240
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	4,605	4,475	45	50	35	65
United States^Footnote 130	1,185	1,170	10	10	0	10
Philippines	170	170	0	0	0	0
India	335	335	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,030	1,015	0	15	0	10
China^Footnote 132	110	90	0	0	20	0
France	35	0	20	0	0	25
Other	1,735	1,680	10	25	20	20
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	205	not applicable ...
In the labour force	68,180	67,350	705	65	60	not applicable ...
Employed	62,740	61,970	655	55	55	not applicable ...
Unemployed	5,440	5,385	50	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	47,065	46,360	500	55	145	not applicable ...
Participation rate	59.2	59.2	58.3	54.2	29.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	54.4	54.5	54.1	45.8	26.8	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.0	7.1	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	115,245	113,710	1,210	120	205	1,270
Did not work^Footnote 135	43,835	43,155	475	55	145	505
Worked	71,410	70,550	735	65	65	770
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	35,560	35,115	375	40	30	390
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	35,850	35,435	365	20	35	375
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.8	43.1	45.8	43.3	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	73,565	72,670	765	65	65	800
a.Management	7,360	7,280	65	10	0	70
00 Senior management occupations	705	690	15	0	0	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,020	2,005	15	10	0	15
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,825	2,795	25	0	10	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,815	1,800	10	10	0	15
b.Professional	11,755	11,535	195	25	0	205
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,430	1,420	15	0	0	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,715	1,675	35	0	0	40
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,525	1,515	10	10	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	970	955	15	0	0	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,405	3,315	85	10	0	90
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,860	1,840	15	0	0	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	840	815	25	0	0	25
c.Technical and paraprofessional	8,045	7,930	95	20	0	105
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,320	2,285	30	0	0	30
32 Technical occupations in health	1,715	1,695	20	0	0	20
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,985	1,965	20	10	0	25
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	640	625	10	0	0	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,385	1,370	15	0	0	15
d.Administration and administrative support	7,845	7,765	60	0	10	60
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,100	3,065	35	0	0	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	790	785	0	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	2,750	2,740	10	0	10	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,195	1,180	10	0	0	15
e.Sales	8,090	7,960	95	0	25	95
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,410	1,380	20	0	10	20
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,760	3,705	45	10	10	45
66 Sales support occupations	2,915	2,870	35	0	10	30
f.Personal and customer information services	14,120	13,965	145	0	10	145
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,485	1,475	0	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,620	1,590	30	0	0	30
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,385	2,360	25	0	0	30
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,560	3,500	50	0	10	55
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,075	5,040	25	0	0	25
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,235	6,175	65	0	0	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,130	4,095	35	0	0	35
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,110	2,080	30	0	0	30
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	5,220	5,200	15	0	10	20
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,065	1,065	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,935	2,910	15	0	10	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,225	1,225	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,605	1,595	10	0	10	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	240	240	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	500	490	0	0	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	865	865	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,285	3,260	15	0	0	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	465	455	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	725	725	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,165	1,165	10	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	925	920	0	0	10	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	73,560	72,670	765	65	60	795
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,445	1,425	10	0	10	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,205	1,185	10	0	10	10
113 Forestry and logging	15	15	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	25	25	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	195	195	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	470	460	10	0	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	300	305	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	135	130	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	835	820	0	0	0	10
221 Utilities	830	825	10	0	0	10
23 Construction	6,250	6,195	55	0	0	50
236 Construction of buildings	1,740	1,720	20	0	0	15
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	655	650	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,860	3,830	30	0	0	30
31-33 Manufacturing	5,575	5,520	50	0	0	55
311 Food manufacturing	445	440	10	0	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	405	405	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	20	15	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	15	20	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	30	35	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	275	270	0	0	0	10
322 Paper manufacturing	90	90	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	100	100	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	280	275	0	0	0	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	690	680	10	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	110	115	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	125	120	0	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	435	435	10	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	595	590	10	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	300	300	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	360	355	10	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	810	800	0	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	155	150	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	340	335	10	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,175	2,135	40	0	0	40
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	25	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	40	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	500	490	10	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	175	160	10	0	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	165	170	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	425	420	10	0	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	490	485	10	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	325	320	10	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	35	30	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,690	9,550	105	0	35	105
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	945	935	10	0	0	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	430	425	0	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	295	290	10	0	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	980	970	10	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	2,330	2,285	20	0	30	20
446 Health and personal care stores	765	755	10	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	310	295	10	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	870	860	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	395	395	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,350	1,330	20	0	0	20
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	750	745	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	275	270	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,790	2,750	35	0	0	35
481 Air transportation	205	185	15	0	0	20
482 Rail transportation	50	45	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	815	805	10	0	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	705	700	0	0	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	320	315	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	235	230	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	370	365	10	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	85	80	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,295	1,280	15	0	0	15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	370	370	10	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	170	170	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	115	115	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	360	355	10	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	25	25	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	240	240	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,860	1,830	30	0	0	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	950	935	20	0	0	15
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	310	300	10	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	590	585	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	15	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,155	1,150	0	0	0	10
531 Real estate	1,040	1,035	10	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	110	110	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,695	3,655	35	10	0	40
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,700	3,655	35	10	0	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,205	4,170	25	0	0	25
561 Administrative and support services	3,975	3,940	25	0	0	25
562 Waste management and remediation services	230	230	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	6,510	6,365	130	20	0	145
611 Educational services	6,510	6,365	135	20	0	145
62 Health care and social assistance	10,165	10,075	70	10	10	80
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,355	3,330	25	0	0	20
622 Hospitals	2,350	2,325	20	0	0	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,500	2,475	15	10	0	15
624 Social assistance	1,960	1,935	15	0	10	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,955	1,945	10	0	0	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	535	530	10	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	210	200	10	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,215	1,215	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,805	5,750	55	0	0	55
721 Accommodation services	810	800	10	0	0	15
722 Food services and drinking places	4,995	4,955	40	0	0	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,445	3,425	15	0	0	20
811 Repair and maintenance	1,195	1,195	10	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	980	965	10	10	10	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,065	1,065	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	205	200	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	4,225	4,155	60	10	0	65
911 Federal government public administration	1,045	1,015	30	0	0	30
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,275	1,245	20	0	0	25
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,830	1,820	10	10	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	70	70	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	62,740	61,970	655	60	55	685
Worked at home	5,115	5,030	80	10	0	80
Worked outside Canada	140	135	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	7,850	7,760	70	10	10	70
Worked at usual place	49,640	49,045	500	50	45	525
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	73,560	72,670	765	70	60	800
English	72,945	72,255	605	50	35	630
French	255	165	80	10	0	85
Non-official language	95	75	0	0	20	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	65	0	0	20	0
English and French	175	95	70	10	0	75
English and non-official language	80	75	10	0	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	73,560	72,670	765	70	60	795
None	72,060	71,470	500	60	40	525
English	230	155	65	0	0	65
French	760	555	200	0	0	200
Non-official language	495	475	0	0	20	0
Aboriginal	85	85	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	410	395	0	0	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,635	49,045	500	50	40	525
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,705	26,335	300	30	35	315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	14,685	14,560	110	15	10	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,105	8,000	90	10	0	95
Commute to a different province or territory	150	145	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	57,485	56,805	570	55	55	595
Car, truck, van - as a driver	46,495	45,985	440	35	35	460
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,820	3,760	35	10	10	40
Public transit	2,050	2,020	25	0	0	25
Walked	3,745	3,695	45	0	10	45
Bicycle	815	805	10	0	0	10
Other method	560	540	15	0	10	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	57,485	56,805	570	55	55	595
Less than 15 minutes	21,195	20,950	225	15	15	230
15 to 29 minutes	19,645	19,415	175	20	30	190
30 to 44 minutes	8,255	8,190	55	10	0	60
45 to 59 minutes	3,685	3,640	45	0	0	40
60 minutes and over	4,700	4,615	70	10	0	75
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	57,485	56,805	570	55	50	595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,730	3,705	20	0	0	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,980	9,885	70	10	20	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,675	14,485	165	25	0	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,095	13,880	185	25	0	200
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,690	5,635	50	0	10	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,315	9,220	80	0	10	80
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	133,815	132,005	1,325	200	280	1,425
Non-movers	115,645	114,215	1,085	150	185	1,165
Movers	18,165	17,790	240	50	95	265
Non-migrants	9,585	9,505	55	20	0	65
Migrants	8,585	8,285	185	25	90	200
Internal migrants	7,995	7,785	185	10	15	190
Intraprovincial migrants	7,475	7,285	165	10	15	165
Interprovincial migrants	520	500	25	0	0	20
External migrants	590	500	0	15	70	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	128,430	126,710	1,300	175	245	1,385
Non-movers	80,955	79,970	745	110	130	800
Movers	47,475	46,740	555	65	115	585
Non-migrants	22,865	22,680	130	35	25	150
Migrants	24,605	24,065	420	30	95	440
Internal migrants	22,960	22,515	405	15	25	415
Intraprovincial migrants	21,485	21,090	355	10	25	360
Interprovincial migrants	1,475	1,425	50	0	0	50
External migrants	1,640	1,545	20	10	65	25

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Peterborough

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.