Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Niagara-on-the-Lake, T

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	16,880	16,500	230	55	95	260
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	16,880	16,500	235	55	100	260
0 to 14 years	2,070	2,060	0	10	0	0
0 to 4 years	585	580	0	10	10	0
5 to 9 years	710	710	0	0	0	0
10 to 14 years	775	770	0	10	0	0
15 to 64 years	9,810	9,580	140	25	55	155
15 to 19 years	790	780	10	0	0	0
20 to 24 years	855	850	0	0	0	10
25 to 29 years	705	690	0	0	10	0
30 to 34 years	590	570	10	0	10	10
35 to 39 years	640	605	10	10	20	10
40 to 44 years	770	750	20	0	0	20
45 to 49 years	905	880	10	10	10	15
50 to 54 years	1,255	1,220	30	0	10	25
55 to 59 years	1,510	1,495	15	0	0	20
60 to 64 years	1,790	1,750	35	0	10	40
65 years and over	5,005	4,855	95	25	30	105
65 to 69 years	1,885	1,840	35	0	0	40
70 to 74 years	1,210	1,160	35	0	15	35
75 to 79 years	785	770	15	0	0	15
80 to 84 years	630	620	10	10	0	10
85 years and over	490	460	10	15	10	15
85 to 89 years	345	330	10	10	0	10
90 to 94 years	125	110	10	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	20	20	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	48.8	48.7	58.6	56.3	50.6	not applicable ...
Median age	54.5	54.4	61.0	50.0	44.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	14,810	14,440	235	45	95	260
Married or living common law	10,130	9,870	185	20	60	200
Married	9,240	9,005	165	15	50	175
Living common law	890	865	20	10	10	20
Not married and not living common law	4,680	4,570	50	25	35	60
Never married	2,825	2,765	15	10	30	25
Separated	300	305	0	0	0	0
Divorced	670	645	20	0	10	20
Widowed	880	860	10	10	0	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	14,805	14,440	235	50	90	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,535	14,180	230	45	85	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,713	53,611	69,524	47,653	30,840	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,942	37,017	28,898	45,650	28,584	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,545	14,185	235	45	80	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,764	43,742	51,496	39,659	28,074	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,352	33,478	25,987	40,891	28,566	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,715	13,415	200	40	65	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,131	49,946	71,626	42,963	28,013	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,892	31,901	28,633	39,675	25,449	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,820	10,525	185	45	60	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,610	8,581	9,328	9,196	10,953	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,145	8,128	8,819	12,420	8,488	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,900	9,695	135	20	45	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,947	44,683	71,278	0	26,893	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,472	25,469	17,146	0	28,529	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	88.1	88.1	89.6	90.2	69.5	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	57.0	57.0	62.4	0.0	51.3	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	11.9	11.9	11.0	19.3	26.6	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	14,810	14,440	230	45	95	255
Without total income	275	255	0	0	10	0
With total income	14,535	14,175	230	45	80	255
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.2	100.0	100.0	84.2	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,825	1,790	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$10,000 to $19,999	2,435	2,365	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$20,000 to $29,999	1,855	1,780	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$30,000 to $39,999	1,625	1,585	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$40,000 to $49,999	1,300	1,260	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$50,000 to $59,999	1,220	1,195	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$60,000 to $69,999	955	955	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$70,000 to $79,999	715	710	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$80,000 to $89,999	570	560	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	465	445	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	1,580	1,525	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$100,000 to $149,999	900	865	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$150,000 and over	675	655	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	14,810	14,440	230	45	95	260
Without after-tax income	265	255	0	0	10	0
With after-tax income	14,545	14,185	230	45	85	255
Percentage with after-tax income	98.2	98.2	100.0	100.0	89.5	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,055	2,010	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$10,000 to $19,999	2,475	2,410	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$20,000 to $29,999	2,060	1,985	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$30,000 to $39,999	2,035	1,980	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$40,000 to $49,999	1,435	1,405	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	1,255	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$60,000 to $69,999	895	890	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$70,000 to $79,999	710	695	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 and over	1,605	1,550	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$80,000 to $89,999	405	395	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	265	260	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$100,000 and over	935	900	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	14,810	14,440	230	45	95	255
Without employment income	4,910	4,745	95	25	45	110
With employment income	9,900	9,695	140	20	50	150
Percentage with employment income	66.8	67.1	60.9	44.4	52.6	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,025	1,970	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	975	970	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,400	1,375	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	990	960	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	795	775	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	605	580	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	655	640	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	425	425	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	390	390	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,645	1,610	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	300	300	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	300	295	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,050	1,015	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	14,805	14,440	235	50	90	260
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	3,985	3,915	45	20	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	57,195	57,321	0	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	71,781	71,316	0	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	16,880	16,495	235	55	95	260
English only	15,310	15,310	0	0	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,470	1,185	225	55	0	255
Neither English nor French	95	0	0	0	95	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	16,880	16,495	235	55	95	260
English	15,170	14,970	200	0	0	200
French	20	0	20	0	0	20
Non-official language	1,035	910	0	35	95	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,035	905	0	35	95	15
English and French	15	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	625	620	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	20	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	16,880	16,495	235	50	95	260
None	15,005	14,770	120	25	85	135
English	510	465	15	20	10	25
French	190	95	100	0	0	95
Non-official language	1,165	1,165	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,165	1,160	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	16,880	16,495	230	55	95	260
English	12,890	12,890	0	0	0	0
French	235	10	225	0	0	225
Non-official language	3,530	3,395	0	40	95	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,535	3,395	0	45	95	20
English and French	20	10	0	0	0	10
English and non-official language	195	195	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	16,880	16,500	230	55	95	260
Official languages	16,785	16,500	230	55	0	260
English	16,785	16,495	230	50	0	255
French	1,475	1,190	230	50	0	260
Non-official languages	4,320	4,150	25	50	95	50
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,325	4,155	25	50	95	50
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	16,880	16,500	235	55	95	260
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	100	95	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	100	95	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	70	60	0	0	0	0
Métis	30	35	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,780	16,405	225	55	95	250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	16,880	16,495	230	55	95	260
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	25	25	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,855	16,475	235	55	95	260
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	16,880	16,500	230	50	95	260
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	10	10	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	165	150	10	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	160	155	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	100	10	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	55	10	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	16,710	16,340	225	50	95	250
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	16,880	16,500	235	55	100	260
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	16,135	15,810	235	45	45	255
Canadian citizens only	15,005	14,715	220	40	35	240
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,130	1,100	15	10	10	20
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	740	680	0	10	50	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	16,880	16,495	235	55	95	260
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	12,410	12,200	185	15	10	190
Immigrants^Footnote 42	4,325	4,160	50	35	80	65
Before 1981	2,595	2,505	35	25	30	45
1981 to 1990	495	485	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	435	435	0	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	535	490	10	10	20	15
2001 to 2005	280	255	0	10	15	10
2006 to 2010	255	235	10	0	15	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	260	235	0	0	25	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	150	135	0	0	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	4,325	4,160	50	35	80	70
Under 5 years	580	575	10	0	0	10
5 to 14 years	880	855	10	15	0	20
15 to 24 years	1,165	1,130	15	15	10	20
25 to 44 years	1,480	1,400	20	10	55	25
45 years and over	210	200	0	0	15	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	4,325	4,160	50	35	80	70
Americas	940	895	0	10	35	0
Brazil	35	35	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	20	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	25	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	35	0	0	0	0
Mexico	290	260	0	0	30	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	285	285	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	210	205	0	0	10	0
Europe	2,735	2,645	35	25	25	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	0	0	0	0
France	40	10	35	0	0	40
Germany	305	310	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	15	0	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	45	50	0	0	0	0
Italy	270	255	0	0	15	0
Netherlands	200	195	0	0	0	0
Poland	140	135	0	0	0	0
Portugal	45	30	0	10	0	0
Romania	65	70	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	75	75	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	120	120	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,120	1,120	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	205	190	0	15	0	10
Africa	80	65	10	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	10	0	10
Asia	540	520	0	0	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	130	125	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	15	10	0	0	0	0
India	80	80	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	15	0	0	0	0
Iraq	40	35	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	45	45	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	70	65	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	90	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	30	30	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	265	235	0	0	25	0
Americas	125	110	0	0	15	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	100	85	0	0	15	0
United States^Footnote 58	20	20	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	70	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	15	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	60	55	0	0	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	25	25	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	16,880	16,500	230	50	95	260
First generation^Footnote 71	4,605	4,435	45	40	85	70
Second generation^Footnote 72	4,795	4,760	15	10	10	20
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	7,480	7,305	170	10	0	170
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	1,805	1,725	10	10	50	20
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	940	920	0	0	15	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	395	385	0	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	540	535	0	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	570	555	0	0	10	10
Refugees^Footnote 79	205	180	0	0	15	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	90	70	10	0	15	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	16,880	16,500	235	55	95	260
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	1,255	1,220	0	10	25	10
South Asian^Footnote 83	255	250	0	0	0	0
Chinese	320	300	0	10	10	10
Black	130	125	0	0	0	0
Filipino	100	100	0	0	0	0
Latin American	120	115	0	0	10	0
Arab	50	40	10	0	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	80	70	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	20	20	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	90	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	65	60	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	15,625	15,280	230	45	70	250
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	16,880	16,500	235	50	100	260
North American Aboriginal origins	170	160	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	115	105	10	0	0	10
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	55	55	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins	3,625	3,525	90	10	0	95
Acadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
American	210	205	0	0	0	0
Canadian	3,415	3,315	90	0	0	90
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,305	14,010	195	50	55	220
British Isles origins	8,015	7,965	40	0	0	40
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,735	4,720	10	0	0	15
Irish	2,880	2,850	25	0	0	25
Manx	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,180	3,175	0	0	0	10
Welsh	305	305	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	685	670	15	0	0	10
French origins	1,260	1,075	180	0	0	180
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	1,260	1,080	175	10	0	185
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,615	4,555	15	20	20	25
Austrian	135	135	0	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	50	0	0	0	10
Dutch	1,490	1,480	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,320	3,280	10	10	20	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	55	55	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	260	255	0	0	0	10
Danish	50	50	0	0	0	0
Finnish	90	80	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Swedish	70	70	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,985	2,945	10	15	10	20
Bulgarian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Czech	80	75	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	15	15	0	0	0	0
Estonian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	300	300	0	10	0	0
Latvian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	25	30	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,030	1,020	0	0	0	10
Romanian	130	130	0	0	0	0
Russian	650	640	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	70	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,065	1,055	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,240	2,200	10	10	20	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	50	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	130	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,610	1,585	10	0	20	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	45	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	135	0	10	0	0
Serbian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Spanish	185	185	0	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	25	25	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	90	85	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	65	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	20	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	165	165	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	80	80	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	35	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	30	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	380	360	0	0	20	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	215	200	0	0	20	0
Nicaraguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	75	75	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	50	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	15	15	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,165	1,125	0	15	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	220	205	10	10	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	25	20	0	0	0	0
Armenian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	40	40	0	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	30	10	0	0	10
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	25	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	295	300	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	260	255	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	25	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	20	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	650	625	0	10	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	35	0	0	0	0
Chinese	345	330	0	0	10	0
Filipino	115	115	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	95	0	0	0	0
Laotian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	10	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Australian	25	25	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	14,810	14,440	235	45	90	255
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,865	1,760	40	0	65	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	3,705	3,640	55	10	0	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,235	9,045	135	40	20	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	960	940	20	0	10	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	460	440	20	0	0	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	505	500	0	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,400	3,365	35	0	0	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	465	10	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,400	4,280	70	35	15	90
Bachelor's degree	2,755	2,680	50	20	10	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	390	385	10	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	140	10	15	0	10
Master's degree	950	930	15	10	10	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	150	150	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	14,810	14,435	235	50	90	255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	5,570	5,400	100	10	70	100
Education	740	715	10	15	0	15
13. Education	740	715	10	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	410	405	10	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	40	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	365	10	0	0	10
Humanities	660	635	25	0	0	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	80	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	180	180	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	140	10	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	60	10	0	0	10
54. History	135	130	10	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	30	10	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,160	1,150	10	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	20	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	120	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	225	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	145	150	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	25	25	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	180	185	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	435	430	10	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,130	2,050	65	10	10	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	130	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,000	1,920	60	10	0	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	395	395	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	160	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	60	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	145	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	255	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	135	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	40	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	70	0	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,535	1,515	15	0	10	15
04. Architecture and related services	45	45	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	365	350	15	0	10	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	345	345	0	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	305	305	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	320	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	150	150	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	290	0	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	230	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	55	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,265	1,240	10	15	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	130	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,105	1,085	15	10	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	30	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	395	385	0	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	220	215	0	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	90	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	80	0	0	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	14,805	14,435	235	45	90	255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,570	5,395	95	10	70	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	9,240	9,040	135	40	20	155
Location of study inside Canada	7,480	7,325	130	25	0	145
Same as province or territory of residence	6,790	6,690	70	25	10	80
Different than province or territory of residence	695	630	60	0	0	60
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,760	1,720	10	15	20	10
United States^Footnote 130	550	535	10	10	10	0
Philippines	30	25	0	0	0	0
India	30	30	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	495	490	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	65	55	0	0	10	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	585	570	0	10	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	14,810	14,440	230	45	90	not applicable ...
In the labour force	8,365	8,215	95	25	35	not applicable ...
Employed	8,005	7,850	95	25	30	not applicable ...
Unemployed	365	370	0	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	6,440	6,225	140	25	60	not applicable ...
Participation rate	56.5	56.9	41.3	55.6	38.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	54.1	54.4	41.3	55.6	33.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	14,810	14,440	235	45	90	255
Did not work^Footnote 135	5,750	5,545	125	25	60	140
Worked	9,065	8,900	110	20	35	115
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	4,195	4,115	40	25	10	55
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	4,870	4,785	65	0	20	65
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.0	39.4	51.6	44.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	9,330	9,165	110	25	30	120
a.Management	1,705	1,680	15	10	0	20
00 Senior management occupations	275	265	10	0	0	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	315	310	10	0	0	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	630	620	10	10	0	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	480	480	0	0	10	0
b.Professional	1,695	1,645	35	10	0	40
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	295	275	10	0	0	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	260	250	10	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	140	140	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	200	185	0	10	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	390	390	0	0	0	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	245	240	10	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	165	160	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	725	720	0	0	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	225	225	0	0	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	95	100	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	100	100	0	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	85	80	10	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	215	0	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	1,025	1,020	0	0	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	455	455	0	0	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	145	145	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	300	300	0	0	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	120	120	0	0	0	0
e.Sales	1,070	1,060	15	0	0	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	255	255	0	0	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	575	570	10	0	0	10
66 Sales support occupations	240	235	0	0	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	1,490	1,450	25	0	10	25
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	110	110	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	100	90	0	0	0	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	230	225	0	0	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	570	555	10	0	0	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	490	475	10	0	0	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	560	560	10	0	0	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	410	405	0	0	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	150	150	10	0	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	385	380	0	0	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	85	85	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	230	230	0	0	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	70	70	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	420	395	10	0	20	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	35	35	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	260	240	0	0	20	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	125	120	10	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	255	255	0	0	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	45	45	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	110	110	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	65	65	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	40	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	9,330	9,160	105	25	30	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	595	570	0	0	25	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	585	560	0	0	25	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	10	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	40	35	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	40	35	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	570	560	0	0	0	10
236 Construction of buildings	210	210	0	0	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	40	40	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	320	310	10	0	0	10
31-33 Manufacturing	735	730	0	0	0	0
311 Food manufacturing	70	75	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	170	175	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	20	25	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	25	20	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	40	40	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	10	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	65	70	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	15	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	125	125	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	35	35	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	410	400	15	0	0	15
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	125	115	10	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	30	25	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	20	25	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	50	50	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	140	135	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	35	40	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	10	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,070	1,055	10	10	0	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	115	115	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	20	25	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	10	10	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	135	135	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	235	225	0	0	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	80	75	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	10	10	10	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	155	155	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	30	30	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	80	80	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	165	160	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	40	40	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	330	320	10	0	0	10
481 Air transportation	50	45	0	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	105	105	0	0	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	50	50	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	60	60	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	25	20	0	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	20	20	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	10	10	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	115	115	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	30	25	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	25	30	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	0	0	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	20	20	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	35	40	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	320	295	20	10	0	25
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	160	150	0	10	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	80	75	10	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	75	70	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	230	225	10	0	0	10
531 Real estate	220	220	10	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	10	10	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	760	750	10	0	0	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	765	755	10	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	430	425	10	0	0	10
561 Administrative and support services	400	390	10	0	0	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	35	35	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	620	615	10	0	0	0
611 Educational services	625	615	10	0	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	795	795	10	0	0	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	370	370	0	0	0	0
622 Hospitals	200	195	0	0	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	135	135	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	95	90	0	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	470	460	10	0	10	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	205	195	0	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	30	35	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	240	230	0	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	1,050	1,040	10	0	10	0
721 Accommodation services	405	400	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	645	640	10	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	330	335	0	0	0	0
811 Repair and maintenance	85	85	0	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	85	85	0	0	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	130	135	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	30	30	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	420	420	10	0	0	0
911 Federal government public administration	120	115	0	0	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	45	45	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	255	250	0	0	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	8,000	7,845	95	25	35	105
Worked at home	1,335	1,320	10	0	0	10
Worked outside Canada	105	105	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	860	850	0	10	0	10
Worked at usual place	5,705	5,580	80	15	25	85
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	9,325	9,160	110	25	35	120
English	9,125	9,010	100	15	0	105
French	25	20	0	0	0	10
Non-official language	105	75	0	0	25	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	105	80	0	0	30	0
English and French	25	10	10	10	0	10
English and non-official language	50	50	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	9,325	9,160	105	25	35	120
None	8,895	8,785	80	15	15	85
English	70	45	0	0	20	10
French	135	105	30	0	0	30
Non-official language	210	205	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	210	205	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,705	5,580	80	20	30	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,325	2,275	25	10	20	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,670	2,620	35	0	0	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	690	670	10	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	6,565	6,425	85	25	30	95
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,685	5,560	75	20	30	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	365	360	0	0	0	0
Public transit	65	65	0	0	0	0
Walked	280	275	10	0	0	0
Bicycle	95	90	0	0	0	0
Other method	80	75	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	6,565	6,425	85	25	30	100
Less than 15 minutes	2,610	2,545	35	10	15	40
15 to 29 minutes	2,450	2,415	30	0	0	25
30 to 44 minutes	780	770	10	0	0	10
45 to 59 minutes	255	240	0	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	470	455	10	0	0	15
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	6,565	6,425	85	20	30	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	350	340	10	0	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	880	845	10	0	20	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,675	1,635	25	10	10	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,660	1,630	20	10	0	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,115	1,100	0	10	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	890	875	0	0	0	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	16,755	16,375	230	50	95	255
Non-movers	14,535	14,235	195	40	65	210
Movers	2,220	2,140	40	10	30	50
Non-migrants	740	705	10	10	20	15
Migrants	1,480	1,430	25	10	15	30
Internal migrants	1,385	1,335	30	10	0	30
Intraprovincial migrants	1,295	1,260	15	10	10	20
Interprovincial migrants	85	75	10	0	0	10
External migrants	100	95	0	0	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	16,295	15,920	230	50	90	255
Non-movers	10,245	10,045	130	25	40	145
Movers	6,050	5,875	100	20	45	115
Non-migrants	1,730	1,700	25	0	10	30
Migrants	4,315	4,175	80	15	45	90
Internal migrants	3,895	3,790	80	10	10	90
Intraprovincial migrants	3,615	3,535	55	15	15	60
Interprovincial migrants	280	250	25	0	0	25
External migrants	420	390	0	0	30	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Niagara-on-the-Lake, T

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.0%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.