Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Waterloo, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	103,390	99,975	1,125	675	1,620	1,460
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	103,390	99,975	1,125	670	1,620	1,460
0 to 14 years	16,405	15,740	95	170	395	180
0 to 4 years	4,725	4,395	50	10	270	55
5 to 9 years	5,575	5,445	15	60	65	40
10 to 14 years	6,105	5,905	40	105	60	90
15 to 64 years	73,220	71,275	805	480	650	1,045
15 to 19 years	7,410	7,265	55	80	10	95
20 to 24 years	11,680	11,495	90	90	0	135
25 to 29 years	7,605	7,480	55	25	45	70
30 to 34 years	6,140	5,995	40	35	70	60
35 to 39 years	5,935	5,760	65	70	40	100
40 to 44 years	6,565	6,350	85	65	60	125
45 to 49 years	7,385	7,200	70	30	90	80
50 to 54 years	7,790	7,515	130	25	120	140
55 to 59 years	7,010	6,760	110	40	95	135
60 to 64 years	5,700	5,455	95	30	115	110
65 years and over	13,770	12,955	225	20	570	235
65 to 69 years	4,750	4,515	95	10	125	100
70 to 74 years	3,490	3,260	50	0	180	50
75 to 79 years	2,345	2,195	40	0	105	40
80 to 84 years	1,805	1,675	20	0	95	25
85 years and over	1,380	1,300	20	0	55	25
85 to 89 years	925	885	15	0	30	20
90 to 94 years	395	360	10	0	30	10
95 to 99 years	45	45	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	15	0	0	0	0
Average age	38.5	38.3	46.0	30.4	47.0	not applicable ...
Median age	37.1	36.8	50.0	24.4	53.3	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	86,985	84,235	1,025	500	1,220	1,280
Married or living common law	49,330	47,520	725	270	820	855
Married	43,325	41,655	610	245	810	730
Living common law	6,010	5,860	110	25	10	125
Not married and not living common law	37,655	36,710	310	235	405	420
Never married	28,505	28,040	190	195	80	290
Separated	2,015	1,940	15	15	45	20
Divorced	3,975	3,835	45	10	85	50
Widowed	3,155	2,895	55	15	195	60
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	86,985	84,235	1,025	500	1,225	1,280
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,350	80,740	1,005	455	1,155	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,520	52,929	64,917	46,170	15,640	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,423	35,946	47,375	26,184	11,648	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,375	80,760	1,005	455	1,155	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,471	42,816	48,770	37,480	14,747	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,289	32,764	41,225	25,996	11,648	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,140	74,045	955	415	725	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,065	53,324	63,393	47,052	16,285	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,259	35,553	43,567	26,571	9,234	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,260	56,360	630	280	1,000	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,792	5,766	7,453	5,453	6,275	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,570	1,564	5,077	882	1,471	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,350	61,820	790	355	380	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,369	51,460	59,453	49,658	21,473	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,165	35,363	43,076	28,732	14,860	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	92.3	92.4	93.3	91.9	65.4	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	74.3	74.4	72.8	83.9	45.4	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	7.7	7.6	7.1	7.1	34.7	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	86,985	84,230	1,030	505	1,225	1,280
Without total income	3,630	3,490	20	45	70	45
With total income	83,355	80,740	1,005	460	1,150	1,230
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.9	97.6	91.1	93.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,750	13,990	115	140	505	180
$10,000 to $19,999	12,690	12,110	135	60	390	160
$20,000 to $29,999	9,795	9,465	145	50	140	170
$30,000 to $39,999	8,060	7,940	70	10	35	80
$40,000 to $49,999	6,810	6,690	60	35	30	70
$50,000 to $59,999	6,245	6,130	70	15	25	80
$60,000 to $69,999	4,715	4,575	120	20	10	130
$70,000 to $79,999	4,185	4,105	65	15	0	70
$80,000 to $89,999	3,225	3,130	65	25	0	80
$90,000 to $99,999	3,225	3,155	40	25	0	50
$100,000 and over	9,645	9,450	130	60	15	155
$100,000 to $149,999	5,930	5,820	55	35	15	75
$150,000 and over	3,715	3,625	70	20	0	80
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	86,985	84,230	1,030	500	1,225	1,280
Without after-tax income	3,610	3,470	25	45	70	50
With after-tax income	83,375	80,760	1,005	455	1,150	1,235
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.9	97.6	91.0	93.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,155	14,385	125	145	500	195
$10,000 to $19,999	13,120	12,520	145	60	395	175
$20,000 to $29,999	11,135	10,810	140	45	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	9,575	9,405	90	45	35	110
$40,000 to $49,999	8,445	8,310	80	20	35	90
$50,000 to $59,999	6,420	6,230	145	30	20	155
$60,000 to $69,999	5,200	5,095	70	25	0	85
$70,000 to $79,999	4,515	4,415	60	30	0	75
$80,000 and over	9,805	9,590	145	65	15	175
$80,000 to $89,999	2,800	2,765	25	15	0	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	1,905	20	15	0	30
$100,000 and over	5,060	4,925	100	35	10	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	86,985	84,230	1,025	500	1,225	1,280
Without employment income	23,630	22,410	235	145	840	310
With employment income	63,355	61,825	795	355	380	975
Percentage with employment income	72.8	73.4	77.6	71.0	31.0	76.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,160	8,955	100	70	35	135
$5,000 to $9,999	5,605	5,425	35	50	95	60
$10,000 to $19,999	8,215	7,965	105	35	115	120
$20,000 to $29,999	5,830	5,665	70	30	75	80
$30,000 to $39,999	5,435	5,335	65	15	20	75
$40,000 to $49,999	4,835	4,755	40	10	25	40
$50,000 to $59,999	4,520	4,430	50	25	15	60
$60,000 to $69,999	3,410	3,300	100	15	0	110
$70,000 to $79,999	3,200	3,155	30	20	0	35
$80,000 and over	13,145	12,835	205	95	15	250
$80,000 to $89,999	2,670	2,580	65	25	0	80
$90,000 to $99,999	2,820	2,780	25	10	0	30
$100,000 and over	7,660	7,470	115	55	15	140
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	86,985	84,235	1,025	500	1,225	1,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	30,265	29,740	335	115	75	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	63,101	63,036	70,631	74,760	38,927	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	78,771	78,749	88,840	85,665	33,482	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	103,390	99,980	1,120	675	1,620	1,460
English only	92,085	92,085	0	0	0	0
French only	15	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	9,635	7,860	1,105	675	0	1,440
Neither English nor French	1,650	30	10	0	1,620	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	103,390	99,975	1,120	670	1,620	1,460
English	83,675	82,920	760	0	0	760
French	220	10	215	0	0	215
Non-official language	14,500	12,250	30	600	1,620	325
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	14,500	12,250	30	595	1,615	330
English and French	170	50	90	25	0	110
English and non-official language	4,725	4,710	10	0	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	40	10	45	0	35
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	103,390	99,975	1,120	670	1,615	1,460
None	86,860	84,525	605	245	1,495	725
English	6,950	6,435	120	325	65	285
French	1,145	785	335	25	0	350
Non-official language	8,100	7,995	30	15	55	40
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,075	7,970	30	15	55	40
English and French	70	10	10	55	0	35
English and non-official language	155	130	10	0	0	15
French and non-official language	110	90	20	0	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	103,390	99,975	1,120	670	1,615	1,460
English	72,035	72,030	10	0	0	0
French	1,130	95	1,035	0	0	1,035
Non-official language	28,070	25,810	25	610	1,615	335
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	28,065	25,810	30	615	1,615	335
English and French	250	230	0	25	0	10
English and non-official language	1,770	1,770	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	0	60	0	0	60
English, French and non-official language	75	40	0	35	0	15
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	103,390	99,980	1,125	670	1,620	1,460
Official languages	101,735	99,950	1,120	670	0	1,455
English	101,720	99,945	1,105	675	0	1,440
French	9,650	7,855	1,115	670	0	1,455
Non-official languages	33,915	31,410	240	655	1,620	565
Aboriginal languages	30	30	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	33,885	31,380	235	655	1,620	565
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	103,390	99,980	1,125	670	1,620	1,460
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,215	1,155	55	0	0	55
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,155	1,100	50	10	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	630	615	10	10	0	15
Métis	490	460	35	0	0	30
Inuk (Inuit)	35	30	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	25	20	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	40	35	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,175	98,820	1,070	665	1,620	1,405
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	103,390	99,975	1,120	670	1,620	1,460
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	330	315	10	0	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	103,060	99,665	1,115	670	1,615	1,445
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	103,390	99,975	1,125	670	1,620	1,460
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	155	135	15	0	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	150	135	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	130	125	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	10	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,045	1,995	50	0	10	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	1,975	1,920	50	0	0	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,385	1,365	25	0	10	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	565	540	25	0	0	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	75	75	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	65	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	101,190	97,845	1,065	665	1,615	1,395
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	103,390	99,975	1,125	675	1,615	1,460
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	92,060	89,865	1,025	485	685	1,270
Canadian citizens only	85,655	83,805	970	315	560	1,130
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	6,410	6,060	60	165	125	140
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	11,330	10,115	95	190	930	195
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	103,390	99,975	1,125	670	1,615	1,460
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	72,255	70,935	925	165	230	1,005
Immigrants^Footnote 42	26,155	24,230	190	455	1,280	415
Before 1981	6,355	6,240	25	35	55	40
1981 to 1990	2,705	2,575	10	35	80	30
1991 to 2000	5,400	5,070	50	75	205	90
2001 to 2010	7,855	7,240	50	230	340	165
2001 to 2005	3,890	3,610	20	90	165	65
2006 to 2010	3,970	3,630	35	135	170	105
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	3,840	3,105	55	75	605	90
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	4,985	4,810	15	60	100	40
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	26,150	24,230	190	455	1,285	415
Under 5 years	2,840	2,695	20	80	50	60
5 to 14 years	5,390	5,155	30	110	105	85
15 to 24 years	4,845	4,685	35	65	65	65
25 to 44 years	11,080	10,385	90	185	420	180
45 years and over	2,000	1,315	25	15	645	30
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	26,155	24,230	190	455	1,280	415
Americas	3,255	3,165	10	65	25	40
Brazil	130	130	0	0	0	0
Colombia	180	160	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	200	190	0	0	10	0
Guyana	440	440	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	245	245	0	0	0	0
Mexico	150	130	0	25	0	10
Peru	60	60	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	165	170	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,135	1,120	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	545	520	10	15	0	10
Europe	8,385	8,000	80	195	110	180
Bosnia and Herzegovina	405	375	0	10	25	0
Croatia	285	270	0	10	0	0
France	80	10	60	10	0	70
Germany	1,085	1,065	10	20	0	15
Greece	120	105	0	10	15	0
Hungary	130	130	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	135	135	0	0	0	0
Italy	215	205	10	0	0	10
Netherlands	270	270	0	0	0	0
Poland	780	745	0	10	15	10
Portugal	175	170	0	10	0	0
Romania	755	670	0	65	15	40
Russian Federation	345	315	0	15	10	10
Serbia^Footnote 49	370	365	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	275	255	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,935	1,905	0	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	1,030	980	10	25	15	20
Africa	1,530	1,375	85	40	30	105
Algeria	35	0	35	0	0	35
Egypt	470	455	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	80	75	0	0	0	0
Kenya	115	115	0	0	0	10
Morocco	25	15	10	0	0	10
Nigeria	105	105	0	0	0	0
Somalia	85	75	0	0	15	0
South Africa, Republic of	135	135	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	490	410	45	30	10	55
Asia	12,870	11,590	10	155	1,115	90
Afghanistan	140	115	0	0	25	0
Bangladesh	275	270	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	3,825	3,245	0	40	540	20
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	380	375	0	0	0	0
India	2,000	1,885	0	15	100	10
Iran^Footnote 53	755	675	0	0	80	0
Iraq	340	305	0	0	35	0
Japan	75	70	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^Footnote 54	820	760	0	0	60	0
Lebanon	135	125	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	980	955	10	15	10	15
Philippines	405	405	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	330	320	0	0	10	0
Syria^Footnote 55	395	210	0	15	175	10
Taiwan	325	315	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	380	335	0	0	45	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,320	1,225	0	55	30	35
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	105	105	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	3,840	3,105	55	75	605	90
Americas	345	330	0	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	35	25	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	40	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	170	165	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	75	0	0	0	0
Europe	420	360	10	35	10	30
France	15	0	10	0	0	15
Germany	45	40	0	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	45	35	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	95	90	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	165	160	0	10	0	10
Africa	275	220	40	0	15	45
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	100	100	0	0	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	40	0	0	0	0
Somalia	15	10	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	65	20	0	0	20
Asia	2,795	2,190	0	20	575	10
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	45	50	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	905	600	0	10	290	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	475	460	0	0	15	0
Iran^Footnote 65	265	225	0	0	40	0
Iraq	105	85	0	0	20	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	125	115	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	165	165	0	0	0	0
Philippines	145	145	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	55	40	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	15	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	245	85	0	0	160	0
Taiwan	45	40	0	0	0	0
Turkey	30	20	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	25	25	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	75	0	10	10	10
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	103,390	99,980	1,125	670	1,615	1,460
First generation^Footnote 71	31,855	29,760	205	505	1,385	460
Second generation^Footnote 72	21,670	21,145	160	150	220	235
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	49,865	49,075	755	20	15	765
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	20,155	18,325	165	425	1,245	380
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	12,245	11,560	130	320	230	290
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	4,290	4,045	50	90	100	95
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	7,955	7,515	80	225	135	190
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	4,655	3,965	35	35	625	50
Refugees^Footnote 79	3,175	2,725	10	65	380	40
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	80	75	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	103,390	99,975	1,120	670	1,615	1,460
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	27,265	25,385	170	340	1,375	335
South Asian^Footnote 83	6,650	6,365	55	55	170	85
Chinese	9,565	8,795	10	100	665	60
Black	1,990	1,900	30	15	35	40
Filipino	550	545	0	0	0	0
Latin American	1,405	1,330	15	25	30	30
Arab	1,870	1,585	15	70	200	50
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	1,180	1,120	20	15	25	30
West Asian^Footnote 85	1,155	1,015	0	20	115	10
Korean	1,175	1,060	0	15	95	10
Japanese	225	210	0	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	610	590	15	10	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	905	870	0	10	25	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	76,125	74,595	960	330	240	1,125
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	103,390	99,980	1,125	675	1,620	1,460
North American Aboriginal origins	2,200	2,135	60	10	10	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,590	1,560	25	0	10	25
Inuit	30	30	0	0	0	0
Métis	655	615	35	10	0	40
Other North American origins	22,970	22,440	480	30	20	490
Acadian	120	85	40	0	0	40
American	1,355	1,350	10	0	0	0
Canadian	21,950	21,450	455	25	20	470
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	120	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	20	0	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	69,010	67,720	790	280	225	930
British Isles origins	42,580	42,400	155	20	10	165
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,840	23,765	50	15	0	60
Irish	17,975	17,865	100	10	0	110
Manx	30	25	0	0	0	0
Scottish	18,970	18,910	45	15	0	55
Welsh	1,895	1,890	0	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,210	3,205	10	0	0	10
French origins	8,795	8,110	655	15	10	665
Alsatian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	15	0	0	0	0
French	8,720	8,040	655	15	10	665
Western European origins (except French origins)	29,240	29,120	70	35	10	90
Austrian	1,110	1,095	0	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	395	380	15	0	0	20
Dutch	5,190	5,175	10	0	0	15
Flemish	105	100	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	24,050	23,970	40	30	10	55
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,540	1,530	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,580	2,540	25	10	0	25
Danish	570	560	10	0	0	10
Finnish	490	485	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	145	145	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	680	670	10	0	0	10
Swedish	620	615	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	220	210	10	0	10	0
Eastern European origins	13,290	12,990	35	150	120	110
Bulgarian	110	100	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Czech	530	535	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	115	120	0	0	0	0
Estonian	170	170	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,585	1,580	0	10	0	10
Latvian	70	75	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	240	235	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	5,190	5,130	10	20	25	20
Romanian	1,625	1,520	0	65	35	35
Russian	1,920	1,855	10	40	25	20
Slovak	490	470	0	0	15	0
Ukrainian	3,050	3,000	10	10	25	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	20	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,565	9,220	120	110	105	180
Albanian	160	145	10	0	15	0
Bosnian	165	160	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	895	860	0	15	20	10
Cypriot	120	125	0	0	0	0
Greek	925	900	10	10	10	15
Italian	3,885	3,765	95	15	0	105
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	185	180	0	0	0	0
Maltese	170	160	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	55	50	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,415	1,390	0	15	0	15
Serbian	965	900	0	20	40	10
Sicilian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	190	190	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,065	985	10	50	20	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	280	280	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	495	475	10	10	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	335	315	0	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	135	135	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,480	1,475	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	110	110	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	125	130	0	0	0	0
Dominican	65	60	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	635	635	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	260	260	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	225	225	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	35	35	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,290	2,170	25	65	35	55
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	65	0	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	165	150	0	15	0	10
Chilean	55	55	0	0	0	0
Colombian	355	335	0	15	15	10
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	80	85	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	110	95	15	0	0	15
Guyanese	460	455	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	40	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	20	0	0	0	0
Maya	35	35	0	0	0	0
Mexican	295	245	0	35	10	20
Nicaraguan	115	115	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	120	125	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	255	235	10	0	10	10
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	110	110	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	150	150	0	10	0	10
African origins	2,690	2,455	115	75	40	155
Central and West African origins	360	330	20	10	0	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	25	0	15	0	10
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	35	30	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	205	200	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins	1,075	950	65	50	10	95
Algerian	55	0	35	20	0	50
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	765	740	0	10	10	15
Libyan	125	125	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	80	55	20	0	0	20
Sudanese	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	0	0	20	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	755	705	15	0	25	20
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	95	95	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	110	115	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	20	10	10	0	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	300	270	0	0	30	0
South African	125	115	10	0	0	10
Tanzanian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	40	40	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	540	510	15	10	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	510	475	15	0	0	20
Asian origins	24,385	22,635	120	280	1,340	260
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,225	3,750	30	85	360	70
Afghan	300	260	0	15	20	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	420	405	0	10	10	0
Armenian	275	220	0	35	30	20
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	50	35	10	0	0	15
Georgian	30	25	0	0	10	0
Hazara	15	0	0	0	10	0
Iranian	1,205	1,105	0	15	85	10
Iraqi	325	300	0	0	25	0
Israeli	30	25	0	0	0	10
Jordanian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	70	70	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	335	15	0	0	20
Palestinian	275	265	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	100	90	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Syrian	395	215	0	0	180	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	390	380	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	155	155	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	6,935	6,645	60	60	175	85
Bangladeshi	280	265	0	0	15	0
Bengali	120	120	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,905	4,670	55	55	135	80
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	65	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,145	1,135	0	0	10	0
Punjabi	205	195	0	0	10	0
Sinhalese	115	115	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	335	330	0	0	10	0
Tamil	80	85	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	325	310	0	0	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,450	12,465	25	145	815	95
Burmese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	35	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10,220	9,430	10	100	670	65
Filipino	645	645	0	0	0	0
Hmong	85	90	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	155	145	0	0	10	0
Japanese	320	310	0	0	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,235	1,120	0	15	95	0
Laotian	205	185	10	0	0	15
Malaysian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	30	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	220	200	0	0	15	0
Thai	80	80	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	745	690	10	15	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	90	95	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	140	135	10	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	135	135	0	0	0	10
Oceania origins	205	205	0	0	0	0
Australian	105	100	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	65	70	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	25	30	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	86,985	84,235	1,025	500	1,225	1,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,510	9,810	130	75	495	170
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	23,380	22,835	195	100	250	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,090	51,585	705	320	480	865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,810	3,705	55	20	30	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	1,690	1,605	35	20	25	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	2,125	2,100	25	0	0	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,365	14,090	175	25	80	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,615	1,530	30	10	45	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	33,290	32,260	445	265	325	580
Bachelor's degree	20,290	19,725	200	100	260	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,685	1,625	20	15	30	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	800	770	15	10	10	15
Master's degree	7,750	7,535	130	60	25	155
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	2,765	2,605	75	85	0	120
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	86,985	84,230	1,025	500	1,225	1,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	33,895	32,645	325	180	740	415
Education	2,900	2,800	55	10	45	55
13. Education	2,900	2,795	55	10	45	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,795	1,735	25	15	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	265	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,525	1,475	20	15	15	25
Humanities	4,185	4,040	80	35	30	95
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	420	390	15	0	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	1,200	1,190	0	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	795	770	15	0	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	40	35	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	350	345	0	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	380	370	10	10	0	10
54. History	725	705	15	0	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	265	230	25	10	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,330	7,150	120	35	25	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	100	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	780	760	20	0	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	915	0	10	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	710	685	10	10	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	190	180	15	0	0	15
42. Psychology	1,580	1,550	25	0	0	25
45. Social sciences	3,025	2,960	40	20	0	50
Business, management and public administration	9,495	9,295	105	40	55	130
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	730	710	10	0	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,755	8,575	100	30	55	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,265	3,120	45	60	40	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,225	1,185	15	25	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	595	575	10	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	30	35	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,365	1,275	30	20	35	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	50	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,580	4,445	65	35	45	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,675	2,625	30	20	0	40
25. Library science	185	175	0	0	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,530	1,465	15	15	30	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	190	180	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,505	10,175	105	75	155	135
04. Architecture and related services	435	420	0	0	10	10
14. Engineering	4,995	4,760	50	60	125	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,850	1,815	15	0	10	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,185	1,170	15	0	0	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,130	1,105	0	10	0	10
48. Precision production	910	895	0	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	915	895	10	0	10	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	355	330	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	565	560	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,045	5,915	60	20	45	70
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	985	985	0	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,810	4,685	60	15	45	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	250	250	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	1,905	40	15	20	45
12. Personal and culinary services	1,140	1,095	25	10	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	550	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	240	10	10	0	10
Other	105	110	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	105	110	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	86,985	84,230	1,030	500	1,225	1,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,895	32,650	325	180	745	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	53,095	51,585	705	320	480	865
Location of study inside Canada	41,885	41,125	575	175	10	665
Same as province or territory of residence	39,195	38,640	420	135	0	485
Different than province or territory of residence	2,690	2,490	160	40	0	175
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	11,205	10,455	130	145	475	200
United States^Footnote 130	1,790	1,755	25	10	0	35
Philippines	245	250	0	0	0	0
India	1,110	1,085	0	0	20	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,025	1,005	10	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	1,755	1,445	0	10	300	0
France	90	40	40	10	0	45
Other	5,190	4,880	50	110	145	110
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	86,985	84,235	1,025	500	1,225	not applicable ...
In the labour force	57,270	55,970	680	340	280	not applicable ...
Employed	53,325	52,120	645	315	250	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,945	3,850	30	30	30	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	29,710	28,265	350	155	945	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.8	66.4	66.3	68.0	22.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	61.3	61.9	62.9	63.0	20.4	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.9	4.4	8.8	10.7	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	86,985	84,235	1,030	500	1,225	1,280
Did not work^Footnote 135	26,540	25,155	315	160	915	395
Worked	60,445	59,080	705	345	310	880
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	31,025	30,465	340	120	100	405
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	29,420	28,615	365	220	210	480
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.2	42.7	37.5	37.8	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	62,695	61,275	740	365	320	920
a.Management	6,950	6,840	60	15	35	70
00 Senior management occupations	1,060	1,040	20	10	0	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,930	2,890	35	10	0	40
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,030	1,990	10	0	30	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	925	925	0	0	10	0
b.Professional	18,665	18,200	265	165	35	345
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,795	2,765	15	15	0	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	6,215	6,075	80	40	20	100
30 Professional occupations in nursing	625	620	10	0	10	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	965	960	0	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	5,455	5,240	125	90	0	170
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,770	1,730	20	15	10	30
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	835	810	15	0	10	20
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,875	5,755	85	25	10	95
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,100	2,045	40	15	0	45
32 Technical occupations in health	810	795	10	0	10	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,170	1,140	20	10	10	20
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	300	295	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,500	1,470	20	0	0	25
d.Administration and administrative support	6,915	6,755	110	25	25	125
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,820	2,770	40	10	0	45
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	945	920	20	0	0	20
14 Office support occupations	2,415	2,360	35	10	10	40
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	740	710	15	0	10	20
e.Sales	5,845	5,745	65	30	10	75
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,435	1,410	10	10	0	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,685	2,640	35	10	0	40
66 Sales support occupations	1,730	1,695	10	10	10	20
f.Personal and customer information services	9,335	9,080	75	55	135	100
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	680	680	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,010	975	10	10	15	15
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,620	1,525	20	15	65	25
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,670	2,625	30	0	10	30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,360	3,270	10	30	45	30
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,885	2,845	20	15	0	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,955	1,940	15	0	0	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	935	910	10	15	0	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,500	2,445	20	20	15	30
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	725	715	0	0	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,290	1,260	15	15	0	25
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	480	475	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	735	725	0	0	0	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	85	0	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	155	145	0	0	10	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	495	490	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,980	2,875	30	25	55	45
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	310	295	10	10	0	15
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	765	715	10	10	30	20
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,160	1,135	0	0	15	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	740	730	10	0	10	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	62,695	61,270	740	365	320	920
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	315	0	0	10	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	290	285	0	0	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	35	30	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	70	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	40	35	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	245	240	0	0	0	10
221 Utilities	245	240	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,725	2,700	10	0	20	0
236 Construction of buildings	855	845	0	0	10	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	225	225	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,645	1,630	10	0	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,495	6,325	60	50	70	80
311 Food manufacturing	745	725	0	10	10	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	125	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	25	30	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	115	115	0	0	0	10
315 Clothing manufacturing	65	55	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	45	40	0	0	10	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	95	100	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	10
323 Printing and related support activities	145	145	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	205	190	15	0	0	15
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	465	450	10	0	10	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	75	70	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	110	100	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	725	710	10	10	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	595	585	0	10	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	525	500	0	0	20	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	220	220	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,550	1,525	0	15	10	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	275	265	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	295	290	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,125	2,075	35	10	10	40
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	15	10	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	310	310	0	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	255	245	10	10	0	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	185	185	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	450	440	15	0	0	15
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	535	530	10	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	270	265	0	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	85	85	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,250	6,180	25	30	0	45
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	670	670	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	290	290	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	245	245	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	610	605	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,405	1,385	10	10	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	605	605	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	85	90	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	715	695	0	15	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	320	310	10	0	0	10
452 General merchandise stores	710	695	10	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	365	365	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	235	235	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,440	1,400	25	20	0	30
481 Air transportation	75	70	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	445	430	10	10	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	340	335	10	10	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	115	110	10	0	0	10
491 Postal service	100	95	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	225	220	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	125	120	0	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,600	2,550	30	25	0	40
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	1,430	1,400	20	10	0	25
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	170	165	0	10	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	105	105	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	385	375	0	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	95	95	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	410	405	10	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,230	5,145	60	25	0	70
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,030	1,020	10	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	540	540	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	3,625	3,555	50	20	0	65
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	25	30	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,135	1,110	10	0	10	10
531 Real estate	1,010	1,000	0	0	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	120	110	10	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,875	6,695	115	40	20	135
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,875	6,695	115	45	20	140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	100	100	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	105	100	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,190	2,170	15	10	0	20
561 Administrative and support services	2,030	2,010	15	0	0	15
562 Waste management and remediation services	165	165	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	9,320	9,005	195	115	0	255
611 Educational services	9,320	9,005	195	115	0	250
62 Health care and social assistance	5,325	5,245	40	10	30	45
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,100	2,085	15	0	0	15
622 Hospitals	1,055	1,040	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	990	985	10	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	1,180	1,145	15	10	20	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,275	1,240	20	0	10	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	425	415	0	0	10	10
712 Heritage institutions	65	50	10	0	10	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	785	775	0	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,665	4,475	30	25	135	40
721 Accommodation services	260	260	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	4,405	4,215	30	30	135	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,155	2,120	35	10	0	40
811 Repair and maintenance	695	690	10	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	645	630	15	0	0	20
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	685	670	15	0	0	15
814 Private households	130	125	0	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,150	2,115	30	10	10	35
911 Federal government public administration	570	550	20	0	0	20
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	225	215	10	0	10	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,350	1,340	10	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	53,325	52,115	645	315	250	805
Worked at home	4,115	4,035	55	25	10	60
Worked outside Canada	380	340	0	15	15	10
No fixed workplace address	4,025	3,940	40	15	25	55
Worked at usual place	44,810	43,800	545	260	205	675
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	62,695	61,270	740	365	320	920
English	61,320	60,255	630	340	105	800
French	225	125	90	10	0	95
Non-official language	650	445	0	0	210	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	655	445	0	0	210	0
English and French	130	100	20	10	0	25
English and non-official language	355	345	0	0	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	62,690	61,270	740	365	320	920
None	60,270	59,210	530	290	245	675
English	435	335	45	10	45	50
French	745	555	165	25	0	180
Non-official language	1,185	1,125	0	30	30	15
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,180	1,115	0	30	35	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	50	45	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,810	43,805	545	260	205	675
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	22,165	21,655	280	140	90	350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	17,670	17,315	195	90	65	240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,860	4,715	65	30	45	80
Commute to a different province or territory	120	115	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	48,835	47,740	590	275	225	725
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,350	36,610	445	180	110	535
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,205	3,105	25	25	50	35
Public transit	3,705	3,545	80	40	45	100
Walked	3,095	3,015	30	25	25	40
Bicycle	1,000	990	0	10	0	10
Other method	485	480	10	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	48,835	47,745	585	280	230	725
Less than 15 minutes	17,375	17,045	180	80	70	220
15 to 29 minutes	20,895	20,450	220	120	95	285
30 to 44 minutes	6,240	6,020	120	45	55	140
45 to 59 minutes	1,835	1,795	30	10	10	35
60 minutes and over	2,490	2,430	35	25	0	45
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	48,835	47,740	585	280	230	725
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,740	1,720	15	10	0	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,325	6,180	85	20	40	100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,775	11,565	165	25	20	180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,230	13,955	185	70	15	225
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,445	7,155	80	90	125	125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,315	7,170	60	55	35	85
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	102,490	99,190	1,105	670	1,520	1,445
Non-movers	84,970	82,550	900	515	1,005	1,155
Movers	17,520	16,640	210	155	515	285
Non-migrants	9,015	8,700	120	100	105	165
Migrants	8,505	7,940	95	55	415	120
Internal migrants	6,165	6,000	80	15	70	85
Intraprovincial migrants	5,540	5,395	80	15	65	85
Interprovincial migrants	620	600	0	0	10	0
External migrants	2,340	1,940	20	45	345	40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	98,665	95,585	1,080	660	1,340	1,405
Non-movers	58,370	56,990	590	300	495	740
Movers	40,295	38,595	485	360	850	670
Non-migrants	18,305	17,840	195	105	165	240
Migrants	21,990	20,755	295	255	685	420
Internal migrants	14,360	13,885	230	110	145	285
Intraprovincial migrants	12,845	12,435	185	90	135	230
Interprovincial migrants	1,515	1,440	40	20	15	55
External migrants	7,630	6,875	70	145	545	140

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Waterloo, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.