Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Langley, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	25,315	24,615	255	40	410	270
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	270
0 to 14 years	3,900	3,775	10	0	105	15
0 to 4 years	1,385	1,315	0	0	70	0
5 to 9 years	1,230	1,215	0	0	15	10
10 to 14 years	1,285	1,245	10	10	25	10
15 to 64 years	16,925	16,495	190	25	210	200
15 to 19 years	1,345	1,320	10	15	0	10
20 to 24 years	1,355	1,315	25	10	10	25
25 to 29 years	1,780	1,735	15	0	25	10
30 to 34 years	1,960	1,940	10	0	10	10
35 to 39 years	1,735	1,710	10	0	15	10
40 to 44 years	1,735	1,690	20	10	30	20
45 to 49 years	1,740	1,695	10	0	40	10
50 to 54 years	1,845	1,785	35	0	25	35
55 to 59 years	1,730	1,675	20	10	25	25
60 to 64 years	1,700	1,630	45	0	25	45
65 years and over	4,495	4,340	55	0	95	55
65 to 69 years	1,615	1,560	15	10	40	20
70 to 74 years	1,055	1,015	20	0	25	15
75 to 79 years	660	645	15	0	0	10
80 to 84 years	525	530	0	0	0	0
85 years and over	625	595	0	0	30	10
85 to 89 years	440	420	0	0	15	10
90 to 94 years	155	145	0	0	10	0
95 to 99 years	30	15	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.7	41.6	51.3	29.7	42.1	not applicable ...
Median age	41.6	41.4	54.8	19.3	45.3	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	21,415	20,835	235	35	310	255
Married or living common law	11,310	10,935	135	10	230	145
Married	8,900	8,585	90	0	220	95
Living common law	2,410	2,350	45	0	10	45
Not married and not living common law	10,105	9,900	105	25	80	115
Never married	5,830	5,730	50	20	30	60
Separated	815	795	10	0	0	15
Divorced	2,185	2,145	25	0	10	25
Widowed	1,280	1,220	20	0	35	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	21,415	20,835	240	35	305	255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,635	20,075	240	30	295	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,522	40,942	36,874	0	17,542	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,288	33,770	35,597	0	14,329	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,670	20,105	240	30	290	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,576	34,905	31,979	0	16,310	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,970	30,343	32,781	0	14,329	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,100	17,730	205	30	140	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,534	39,742	36,991	0	23,179	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,315	33,473	36,086	0	20,367	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,750	14,305	165	20	255	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,182	8,202	8,235	0	7,362	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,725	6,795	5,077	0	5,422	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,435	15,110	170	25	125	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,912	41,186	32,678	0	25,188	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,561	35,899	28,768	0	21,999	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	85.6	85.7	85.7	0.0	63.8	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.5	75.7	64.6	0.0	59.4	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	14.4	14.3	15.7	0.0	36.3	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	21,415	20,835	240	35	310	255
Without total income	780	760	0	0	15	0
With total income	20,640	20,075	240	30	295	255
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.4	100.0	85.7	95.2	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,320	2,185	25	too unreliable to be published F	100	30
$10,000 to $19,999	3,970	3,785	60	too unreliable to be published F	110	65
$20,000 to $29,999	3,230	3,180	20	too unreliable to be published F	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	2,485	2,420	30	too unreliable to be published F	25	35
$40,000 to $49,999	2,185	2,140	20	too unreliable to be published F	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	1,955	1,925	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	1,325	20	too unreliable to be published F	0	20
$70,000 to $79,999	975	960	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	10
$80,000 to $89,999	725	710	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	10
$90,000 to $99,999	490	485	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$100,000 and over	960	955	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	765	765	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$150,000 and over	190	190	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	21,420	20,835	240	30	310	255
Without after-tax income	750	730	0	10	20	0
With after-tax income	20,670	20,110	240	30	290	255
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.5	100.0	100.0	93.5	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,395	2,260	25	too unreliable to be published F	100	35
$10,000 to $19,999	4,220	4,030	60	too unreliable to be published F	115	65
$20,000 to $29,999	3,720	3,660	25	too unreliable to be published F	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	3,030	2,945	45	too unreliable to be published F	35	45
$40,000 to $49,999	2,670	2,635	30	too unreliable to be published F	10	30
$50,000 to $59,999	1,745	1,725	20	too unreliable to be published F	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,195	1,175	15	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
$70,000 to $79,999	770	760	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	15
$80,000 and over	920	915	0	too unreliable to be published F	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	330	320	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	240	240	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
$100,000 and over	355	350	0	too unreliable to be published F	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	21,415	20,835	240	35	305	255
Without employment income	5,980	5,720	65	10	185	70
With employment income	15,430	15,110	175	25	120	185
Percentage with employment income	72.1	72.5	72.9	71.4	39.3	72.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,130	2,070	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	960	935	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	1,865	1,800	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,770	1,720	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,795	1,750	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,720	1,675	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,450	1,425	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	1,085	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	805	800	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,850	1,840	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	615	615	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	470	460	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	775	770	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	21,415	20,835	240	35	310	255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	7,750	7,615	85	0	50	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	51,469	51,795	49,842	0	26,877	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	56,094	56,393	47,850	0	24,807	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	270
English only	23,605	23,605	0	0	0	0
French only	20	0	15	0	0	15
English and French	1,270	1,000	235	45	0	255
Neither English nor French	420	10	0	0	415	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	25,315	24,610	255	40	410	270
English	22,775	22,605	170	0	0	170
French	85	20	65	0	0	70
Non-official language	1,745	1,295	0	40	410	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,750	1,295	0	40	410	25
English and French	30	15	20	0	0	15
English and non-official language	675	675	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	25,315	24,610	250	40	415	270
None	23,545	23,000	150	0	385	155
English	650	580	30	15	20	40
French	130	70	60	0	0	60
Non-official language	915	915	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	915	910	0	0	0	0
English and French	15	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	30	20	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	275
English	21,090	21,095	0	0	0	0
French	280	35	250	0	0	245
Non-official language	3,575	3,125	0	35	415	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,570	3,120	0	35	410	20
English and French	55	55	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	295	300	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	25,315	24,615	250	45	410	275
Official languages	24,890	24,600	250	40	0	270
English	24,880	24,600	240	40	0	255
French	1,290	995	250	40	0	275
Non-official languages	4,515	4,025	35	40	415	55
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,505	4,015	30	45	410	55
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	25,315	24,615	250	40	410	270
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,515	1,495	25	0	0	25
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,480	1,460	25	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	610	600	0	0	0	0
Métis	855	830	20	0	0	20
Inuk (Inuit)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	35	35	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	23,795	23,115	225	45	410	250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	25,315	24,610	255	40	410	270
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	240	240	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,075	24,375	250	40	410	270
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	275
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	185	180	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	180	180	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	85	85	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	95	100	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	1,600	1,565	30	0	0	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	1,540	1,510	35	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	845	830	15	0	0	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	675	655	20	0	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	55	55	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	60	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	23,530	22,860	220	40	410	240
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	275
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	23,860	23,365	245	25	220	255
Canadian citizens only	23,175	22,715	240	20	205	240
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	685	650	0	15	10	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,460	1,240	10	10	190	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	275
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	20,710	20,430	215	10	55	220
Immigrants^Footnote 42	4,395	4,020	30	30	320	45
Before 1981	1,625	1,595	15	10	15	15
1981 to 1990	420	390	10	0	25	0
1991 to 2000	565	500	10	0	55	10
2001 to 2010	1,260	1,095	0	25	140	15
2001 to 2005	390	370	0	10	10	10
2006 to 2010	870	730	0	10	130	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	520	435	0	0	80	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	210	165	10	0	40	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	4,395	4,015	30	30	320	45
Under 5 years	575	560	10	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	795	745	0	25	30	10
15 to 24 years	975	895	10	0	65	10
25 to 44 years	1,630	1,530	10	10	80	20
45 years and over	420	280	0	0	130	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	4,390	4,015	30	30	320	45
Americas	660	630	0	10	20	0
Brazil	40	40	0	10	0	0
Colombia	30	30	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	35	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	50	0	0	0	0
Peru	30	35	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	315	310	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	105	105	0	0	0	0
Europe	1,690	1,640	25	10	15	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	20	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	25	0	0	0	0
France	25	10	20	0	0	25
Germany	210	210	0	0	0	0
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	75	75	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	30	25	0	0	0	0
Italy	30	30	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	145	150	0	0	0	0
Poland	55	50	0	10	0	0
Portugal	30	30	0	0	0	0
Romania	55	45	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	45	40	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	20	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	705	710	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	195	190	0	0	10	0
Africa	165	165	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	25	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	50	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	75	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,785	1,490	0	10	285	0
Afghanistan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	145	100	0	0	40	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	50	50	0	0	0	0
India	155	140	0	0	20	0
Iran^Footnote 53	40	35	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	50	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	165	125	0	10	30	0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Philippines	370	375	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	65	0	0	0	65	0
Taiwan	30	20	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	120	100	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	485	375	0	0	115	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	95	95	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	520	430	0	0	80	10
Americas	50	45	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	40	35	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	65	65	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	30	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	375	290	0	0	80	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	50	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	45	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	40	35	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	85	85	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	65	0	0	0	65	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	35	30	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	25,315	24,615	255	40	410	270
First generation^Footnote 71	4,790	4,365	35	35	355	50
Second generation^Footnote 72	5,550	5,465	30	10	60	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	14,980	14,785	195	0	0	190
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,860	2,505	20	30	300	30
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,200	1,125	10	15	50	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	500	465	0	10	25	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	700	660	0	10	30	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	810	725	15	10	70	10
Refugees^Footnote 79	815	625	0	10	180	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	30	25	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	25,315	24,610	250	40	410	270
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	3,495	3,085	0	20	390	10
South Asian^Footnote 83	585	555	0	0	20	0
Chinese	450	390	0	0	60	0
Black	205	195	0	0	0	0
Filipino	510	510	0	0	0	0
Latin American	270	240	0	15	15	10
Arab	135	105	0	0	35	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	650	495	0	10	145	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	95	85	0	0	0	0
Korean	215	155	0	10	55	0
Japanese	165	165	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	70	35	0	0	35	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	150	145	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	21,820	21,525	250	20	25	260
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	25,315	24,610	255	40	415	270
North American Aboriginal origins	1,785	1,750	35	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	985	970	10	0	0	10
Inuit	25	30	0	0	0	0
Métis	835	815	20	0	0	20
Other North American origins	6,175	6,070	95	0	15	95
Acadian	30	30	0	0	0	10
American	460	460	0	0	0	0
Canadian	5,795	5,690	95	0	15	95
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	20,025	19,755	220	20	25	235
British Isles origins	13,750	13,715	35	0	0	35
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	8,655	8,630	20	0	0	20
Irish	4,890	4,875	15	0	0	15
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,150	6,140	15	0	0	20
Welsh	795	795	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	725	725	0	0	0	0
French origins	3,010	2,805	210	0	0	210
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,015	2,800	210	0	0	210
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,140	6,115	20	10	0	25
Austrian	275	275	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	65	10	0	0	0
Dutch	1,760	1,750	0	10	0	0
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
German	4,415	4,410	0	0	0	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	175	170	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,485	2,485	0	0	0	0
Danish	555	550	0	0	0	0
Finnish	180	175	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	335	335	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	945	950	0	0	0	0
Swedish	685	685	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	90	95	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,135	4,100	10	0	15	10
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	0	0	10	0
Czech	210	210	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	65	70	0	0	0	0
Estonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	550	540	0	0	10	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	905	895	10	10	0	10
Romanian	190	190	0	0	0	0
Russian	935	915	0	10	10	10
Slovak	50	55	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,730	1,720	0	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	25	25	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,865	1,840	0	10	10	15
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	90	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	120	125	0	0	0	0
Italian	995	990	10	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	155	0	10	0	0
Serbian	85	80	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Spanish	350	340	10	0	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	50	50	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	320	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	130	130	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	165	160	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	155	145	0	0	10	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaican	45	45	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	20	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	470	450	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Chilean	35	35	0	0	0	0
Colombian	55	45	0	0	10	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	135	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	35	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	25	30	0	0	0	0
African origins	270	265	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	25	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	95	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	60	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	140	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	125	125	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,185	2,800	0	15	375	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	370	280	0	10	85	0
Afghan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	25	10	0	0	25	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	80	0	0	10	0
Iraqi	55	50	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	40	0	0	0	40	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	50	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	20	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	590	560	0	0	25	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	475	455	0	0	20	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	30	0	0	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	30	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,250	1,975	0	10	270	0
Burmese	80	60	0	0	20	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	625	570	0	0	55	0
Filipino	515	515	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	35	0	0	0	0
Japanese	245	245	0	0	0	0
Karen	340	220	0	0	120	0
Korean	265	210	0	10	55	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	0	0	10	0
Thai	25	30	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	195	180	0	0	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	15	10	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	25	25	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	255	250	0	0	0	0
Australian	140	140	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	25	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	90	85	10	0	0	0
Fijian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	15	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	21,415	20,835	240	30	310	255
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,285	4,015	40	10	220	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	7,275	7,175	65	0	30	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,855	9,635	140	20	60	145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,270	2,220	40	0	10	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	880	850	25	0	15	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	1,390	1,370	15	0	0	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,260	4,190	65	0	0	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	585	580	0	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,740	2,640	35	20	45	45
Bachelor's degree	1,875	1,820	15	15	20	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	265	10	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	55	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	465	430	15	0	20	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	75	60	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	21,415	20,835	240	35	310	255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	11,565	11,195	105	20	250	110
Education	715	695	10	0	15	10
13. Education	715	695	10	0	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	360	0	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	60	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	295	0	0	0	0
Humanities	575	560	0	10	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	55	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	125	125	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	155	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	25	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	120	0	0	10	0
54. History	70	75	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	890	15	0	15	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	95	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	215	0	0	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	140	145	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	30	35	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	145	140	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	270	260	0	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	1,875	1,840	25	0	10	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	115	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,755	1,725	25	0	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	200	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	110	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	40	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	50	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	335	340	0	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	270	0	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	45	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,295	2,230	35	10	15	45
04. Architecture and related services	50	45	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	215	185	15	10	0	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	320	310	0	0	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	750	10	0	10	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	615	615	10	0	0	0
48. Precision production	330	325	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	135	10	0	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	120	10	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,660	1,625	30	0	0	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	150	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,505	1,475	25	0	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	780	765	10	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	520	510	10	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	100	100	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	150	10	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	21,415	20,835	235	35	310	260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,565	11,195	100	15	250	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	9,850	9,640	135	15	60	145
Location of study inside Canada	8,515	8,380	120	10	10	125
Same as province or territory of residence	7,135	7,060	55	10	10	60
Different than province or territory of residence	1,385	1,320	60	0	0	65
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,330	1,260	20	10	50	25
United States^Footnote 130	235	235	0	0	0	0
Philippines	180	180	0	0	0	0
India	80	75	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	195	195	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	45	45	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	15	0	0	10
Other	590	530	0	10	50	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	21,420	20,835	240	35	310	not applicable ...
In the labour force	14,055	13,780	150	20	110	not applicable ...
Employed	13,220	12,970	140	10	100	not applicable ...
Unemployed	830	810	10	10	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	7,360	7,055	90	15	200	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.6	66.1	62.5	57.1	35.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	61.7	62.3	58.3	28.6	32.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.9	6.7	50.0	9.1	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	21,415	20,835	240	35	310	255
Did not work^Footnote 135	7,010	6,720	85	10	195	85
Worked	14,405	14,115	155	25	110	165
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	7,940	7,790	90	0	50	90
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	6,470	6,325	70	25	60	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	44.2	44.3	26.8	44.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	14,885	14,580	160	30	115	175
a.Management	1,375	1,370	10	0	0	10
00 Senior management occupations	80	75	10	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	345	345	0	0	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	555	550	0	0	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	390	395	0	0	0	0
b.Professional	1,605	1,565	25	10	0	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	295	285	10	0	0	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	235	235	0	0	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	160	155	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	95	95	0	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	430	420	0	0	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	220	205	10	10	0	15
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	170	170	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,370	1,345	15	0	10	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	385	380	10	0	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	230	235	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	385	375	10	0	0	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	90	95	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	275	270	0	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	2,105	2,080	30	0	0	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	680	655	20	0	0	20
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	225	220	0	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	840	840	0	0	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	365	360	10	0	0	0
e.Sales	1,735	1,715	20	0	10	15
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	395	385	10	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	875	865	0	0	10	0
66 Sales support occupations	465	465	0	0	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	2,825	2,745	35	10	30	45
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	190	190	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	415	395	10	0	10	15
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	540	530	0	0	10	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	855	835	15	10	0	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	820	785	10	0	20	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,700	1,675	20	0	0	20
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,190	1,170	15	0	10	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	515	510	10	0	0	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,235	1,200	10	10	25	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	440	435	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	540	530	0	10	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	255	235	0	0	15	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	350	315	0	0	35	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	65	65	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	100	80	0	0	25	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	185	170	0	0	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	590	570	10	0	15	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	90	85	10	0	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	155	145	0	0	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	155	150	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	195	190	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	14,885	14,575	160	30	120	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	205	165	0	0	40	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	160	115	0	0	40	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	10	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	30	35	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	10	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	40	40	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	40	35	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,665	1,620	20	0	20	20
236 Construction of buildings	435	430	0	0	10	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	135	130	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,095	1,065	15	10	15	20
31-33 Manufacturing	1,430	1,405	10	0	15	0
311 Food manufacturing	220	210	0	0	10	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	35	30	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	130	130	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	55	55	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	60	55	10	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	95	95	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	75	75	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	60	60	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	195	190	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	185	190	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	20	15	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	105	100	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	35	30	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	95	100	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	775	755	10	0	10	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	80	80	10	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	80	85	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	75	75	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	220	210	0	0	10	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	170	175	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	95	90	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	40	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,115	2,085	20	0	10	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	305	300	10	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	105	105	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	105	110	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	185	185	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	485	480	0	0	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	185	185	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	20	20	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	170	165	0	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	80	75	0	0	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	245	235	10	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	160	160	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	70	70	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	880	850	15	0	10	15
481 Air transportation	75	65	10	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	15	15	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	20	20	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	215	210	0	0	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	100	95	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	205	205	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	55	55	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	40	40	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	155	150	0	0	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	265	265	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	50	50	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	85	85	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	10	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	85	85	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	35	35	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	505	500	0	0	0	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	210	210	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	85	80	10	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	215	210	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	235	15	0	0	15
531 Real estate	175	165	15	0	0	10
532 Rental and leasing services	70	65	0	0	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	740	730	10	0	0	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	740	735	10	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	40	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	35	40	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	835	830	0	0	0	10
561 Administrative and support services	790	785	0	0	0	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	45	45	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	995	970	20	0	0	20
611 Educational services	995	975	15	0	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	1,420	1,400	15	0	10	15
621 Ambulatory health care services	450	450	0	0	0	0
622 Hospitals	360	360	0	0	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	255	260	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	350	335	10	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	340	335	0	10	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	95	95	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	10	10	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	235	230	0	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	1,020	1,000	0	0	10	0
721 Accommodation services	65	65	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	950	940	0	0	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	760	735	25	0	0	25
811 Repair and maintenance	285	280	10	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	230	220	10	0	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	180	170	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	65	60	0	0	10	0
91 Public administration	585	565	10	10	0	10
911 Federal government public administration	215	210	0	0	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	120	115	10	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	245	245	0	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	13,225	12,970	145	10	100	150
Worked at home	750	720	20	0	0	20
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,085	2,050	20	0	10	20
Worked at usual place	10,365	10,170	100	10	90	105
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	14,885	14,575	160	30	115	175
English	14,630	14,395	135	30	65	150
French	40	30	10	0	0	10
Non-official language	100	55	0	0	50	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	105	50	0	0	50	0
English and French	15	10	10	0	0	10
English and non-official language	95	85	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	14,885	14,575	160	30	115	175
None	14,415	14,180	115	30	90	130
English	70	55	10	0	10	10
French	105	65	35	0	0	35
Non-official language	285	270	0	0	20	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	290	270	0	0	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,365	10,170	100	10	85	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,790	1,765	20	0	0	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,960	7,795	80	10	75	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	590	0	0	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	20	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	12,445	12,220	120	10	95	125
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,010	9,845	110	10	50	115
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	665	635	0	0	35	0
Public transit	895	890	0	0	0	0
Walked	665	655	0	0	10	0
Bicycle	70	60	0	0	0	0
Other method	145	135	10	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	12,450	12,220	120	10	95	130
Less than 15 minutes	3,230	3,160	45	0	20	45
15 to 29 minutes	3,585	3,495	35	10	55	35
30 to 44 minutes	2,720	2,680	25	0	10	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,435	1,425	0	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	1,480	1,455	10	0	10	15
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	12,445	12,220	125	10	95	125
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,440	1,415	10	0	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,640	2,580	35	0	25	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,100	3,045	35	0	25	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,940	1,900	25	10	15	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,320	1,295	10	10	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,010	1,995	10	0	15	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	25,020	24,340	250	40	390	275
Non-movers	20,935	20,405	220	25	285	230
Movers	4,085	3,930	35	15	105	40
Non-migrants	1,650	1,630	10	0	10	15
Migrants	2,435	2,295	20	20	100	30
Internal migrants	2,225	2,175	15	20	25	25
Intraprovincial migrants	1,925	1,875	10	10	20	20
Interprovincial migrants	310	295	0	0	0	10
External migrants	200	120	10	0	80	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	23,930	23,295	255	40	345	270
Non-movers	12,865	12,540	140	20	170	150
Movers	11,065	10,750	110	20	175	120
Non-migrants	5,155	5,075	25	0	55	25
Migrants	5,910	5,680	85	20	120	100
Internal migrants	5,360	5,235	80	15	25	90
Intraprovincial migrants	4,830	4,740	50	10	25	60
Interprovincial migrants	525	500	25	0	0	30
External migrants	550	440	10	10	100	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Langley, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.