Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Cape Breton, RGM

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	92,555	91,845	570	115	30	625
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	92,555	91,845	565	115	25	625
0 to 14 years	12,345	12,260	20	55	10	50
0 to 4 years	3,685	3,655	10	20	0	15
5 to 9 years	4,255	4,230	10	15	0	15
10 to 14 years	4,400	4,370	10	20	0	20
15 to 64 years	59,155	58,735	350	55	10	375
15 to 19 years	5,120	5,090	25	10	0	25
20 to 24 years	5,010	4,990	20	0	10	20
25 to 29 years	4,545	4,540	10	0	0	10
30 to 34 years	4,375	4,360	10	0	0	15
35 to 39 years	4,525	4,465	50	15	0	55
40 to 44 years	5,180	5,145	25	10	0	30
45 to 49 years	5,810	5,760	35	20	0	45
50 to 54 years	7,640	7,570	60	0	0	70
55 to 59 years	8,570	8,495	70	0	0	75
60 to 64 years	8,370	8,320	45	0	0	45
65 years and over	21,060	20,855	195	0	15	190
65 to 69 years	7,390	7,335	55	0	0	55
70 to 74 years	5,210	5,135	65	0	10	65
75 to 79 years	3,835	3,785	50	0	0	45
80 to 84 years	2,565	2,550	10	0	0	10
85 years and over	2,060	2,040	15	0	0	20
85 to 89 years	1,345	1,335	10	0	0	10
90 to 94 years	565	560	0	0	0	10
95 to 99 years	145	140	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.6	45.5	54.4	25.4	48.4	not applicable ...
Median age	49.5	49.5	57.5	18.6	31.7	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	80,210	79,585	545	55	25	570
Married or living common law	42,470	42,090	325	40	20	340
Married	35,890	35,570	260	40	20	280
Living common law	6,580	6,525	60	0	0	65
Not married and not living common law	37,740	37,495	220	20	0	230
Never married	22,910	22,790	100	15	0	115
Separated	2,990	2,970	20	0	0	15
Divorced	5,315	5,275	40	0	0	40
Widowed	6,525	6,460	60	0	10	60
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	80,210	79,585	545	60	25	570
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,910	76,305	535	60	20	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,101	37,069	39,763	59,419	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,041	29,006	33,325	52,638	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,925	76,315	530	60	20	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,362	31,334	33,879	47,750	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,650	26,614	28,856	44,190	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,835	62,320	455	60	0	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,533	34,499	36,912	55,848	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,173	25,147	27,519	41,118	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,480	63,040	390	35	20	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,769	10,766	11,453	0	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,254	10,241	12,638	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,675	48,285	335	55	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,115	36,092	36,607	53,958	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,986	26,940	33,608	41,009	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	76.0	76.0	78.9	94.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	61.6	61.6	59.1	83.2	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	24.0	24.0	21.2	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	80,210	79,585	545	60	20	575
Without total income	3,300	3,280	10	0	10	15
With total income	76,915	76,305	535	55	20	560
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.9	98.2	91.7	100.0	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,565	10,510	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$10,000 to $19,999	14,995	14,870	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$20,000 to $29,999	14,085	13,980	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$30,000 to $39,999	10,845	10,780	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$40,000 to $49,999	7,890	7,795	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$50,000 to $59,999	5,380	5,330	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$60,000 to $69,999	3,545	3,520	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,790	2,770	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	2,140	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,480	1,460	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	3,185	3,145	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$100,000 to $149,999	2,460	2,430	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$150,000 and over	720	715	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	80,210	79,585	540	60	25	570
Without after-tax income	3,290	3,265	10	0	10	10
With after-tax income	76,925	76,315	535	60	20	560
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.9	99.1	100.0	80.0	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,840	10,780	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$10,000 to $19,999	15,915	15,775	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$20,000 to $29,999	16,745	16,625	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$30,000 to $39,999	12,550	12,475	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$40,000 to $49,999	8,035	7,935	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$50,000 to $59,999	5,060	5,015	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,260	3,240	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,050	2,025	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$80,000 and over	2,480	2,445	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$80,000 to $89,999	910	890	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$90,000 to $99,999	570	560	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	1,005	995	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	80,210	79,585	545	55	25	570
Without employment income	31,535	31,300	205	10	25	205
With employment income	48,680	48,285	335	55	0	365
Percentage with employment income	60.7	60.7	61.5	100.0	0.0	64.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,540	6,485	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$5,000 to $9,999	4,710	4,670	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$10,000 to $19,999	8,240	8,195	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$20,000 to $29,999	6,715	6,680	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$30,000 to $39,999	5,605	5,555	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$40,000 to $49,999	4,185	4,135	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$50,000 to $59,999	3,335	3,310	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,350	2,330	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,870	1,855	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$80,000 and over	5,125	5,070	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,770	1,750	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,075	1,065	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	2,280	2,260	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	80,210	79,585	540	60	20	575
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	19,225	19,075	125	25	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	45,247	45,048	55,128	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	53,289	53,169	63,560	91,286	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	92,550	91,845	565	115	25	625
English only	88,600	88,605	0	0	0	0
French only	20	0	20	0	0	20
English and French	3,900	3,245	545	115	0	600
Neither English nor French	30	0	0	0	30	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	92,555	91,845	565	115	25	625
English	91,350	90,920	430	0	0	435
French	165	40	125	0	0	125
Non-official language	570	505	0	40	30	20
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	545	485	0	40	30	20
English and French	140	50	10	75	0	45
English and non-official language	330	330	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	92,555	91,850	565	115	25	625
None	90,960	90,515	335	95	15	380
English	350	295	45	10	10	45
French	655	490	170	0	0	170
Non-official language	535	520	10	10	10	10
Aboriginal	55	60	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	460	10	0	0	10
English and French	15	0	0	15	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	25	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	92,555	91,845	570	115	30	620
English	90,075	90,075	0	0	0	0
French	675	115	555	0	0	555
Non-official language	1,400	1,325	10	40	25	25
Aboriginal	85	85	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,315	1,240	10	45	25	30
English and French	220	150	0	75	0	35
English and non-official language	185	185	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	92,555	91,850	565	115	30	625
Official languages	92,525	91,845	570	110	0	625
English	92,505	91,845	545	115	0	600
French	3,925	3,245	570	115	0	620
Non-official languages	2,175	2,050	40	55	25	70
Aboriginal languages	150	150	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,020	1,900	45	55	30	70
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	92,555	91,845	565	115	30	625
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	3,330	3,290	40	0	0	45
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	3,160	3,125	40	0	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,525	1,520	10	0	0	10
Métis	1,525	1,490	30	0	0	30
Inuk (Inuit)	115	115	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	55	45	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	110	115	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	89,220	88,560	520	110	25	580
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	92,550	91,850	565	115	30	625
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	1,045	1,040	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	91,515	90,810	565	115	30	620
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	92,555	91,845	565	110	30	620
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	605	600	10	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	570	570	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	365	365	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	185	180	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	35	35	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	4,025	3,970	55	0	0	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	3,880	3,835	45	0	0	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,355	2,340	15	0	0	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,310	1,275	35	0	0	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	215	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	150	140	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	130	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	87,920	87,270	505	110	30	565
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	92,555	91,845	570	110	30	625
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	91,310	90,625	565	105	15	615
Canadian citizens only	90,870	90,215	535	100	15	590
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	445	415	25	0	0	30
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,240	1,220	0	10	10	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	92,555	91,845	565	115	30	625
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	90,205	89,600	525	70	10	565
Immigrants^Footnote 42	1,695	1,600	40	45	15	55
Before 1981	910	885	15	0	10	15
1981 to 1990	140	135	10	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	105	90	0	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	255	220	10	20	0	25
2001 to 2005	125	100	0	20	0	10
2006 to 2010	135	115	10	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	275	265	0	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	660	645	0	0	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	1,695	1,600	35	40	15	60
Under 5 years	285	285	0	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	315	300	0	0	10	0
15 to 24 years	365	350	0	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	620	575	20	25	0	35
45 years and over	100	85	15	0	0	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	1,695	1,600	40	45	15	60
Americas	355	350	10	0	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	300	305	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	0	0	10
Europe	845	820	15	10	0	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	0	0	15
Germany	140	140	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	25	25	0	0	0	0
Italy	35	35	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	45	0	0	0	0
Poland	20	15	0	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	445	445	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	50	0	10	0	10
Africa	105	75	15	20	0	25
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	10	15	0	20
Asia	365	345	0	10	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	90	75	0	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	45	45	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	65	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	80	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	275	265	0	10	0	10
Americas	35	35	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	40	0	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	30	0	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	155	155	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	40	35	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	35	0	10	0	0
Philippines	50	50	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	92,555	91,850	570	115	30	620
First generation^Footnote 71	2,535	2,425	40	45	25	60
Second generation^Footnote 72	4,680	4,635	25	15	10	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	85,340	84,785	500	60	0	530
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	795	725	20	40	0	40
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	435	380	15	40	0	40
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	220	190	10	20	0	20
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	220	190	10	20	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	305	295	0	0	0	0
Refugees^Footnote 79	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	92,555	91,845	565	115	25	620
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,415	2,315	25	45	30	45
South Asian^Footnote 83	265	260	0	10	0	0
Chinese	550	535	0	0	15	0
Black	1,105	1,060	15	25	0	30
Filipino	120	120	0	0	0	0
Latin American	40	30	0	0	0	0
Arab	200	185	0	10	10	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	15	20	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	50	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	15	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	20	15	0	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	90,140	89,530	540	70	0	575
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	92,555	91,850	570	115	30	625
North American Aboriginal origins	4,635	4,575	55	0	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,895	2,875	20	0	0	20
Inuit	260	260	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,665	1,625	45	0	0	45
Other North American origins	41,385	41,075	270	45	0	290
Acadian	990	800	140	45	0	165
American	220	215	0	0	0	0
Canadian	40,135	39,980	155	0	0	155
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	390	390	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	66,160	65,670	425	65	0	460
British Isles origins	58,335	58,195	100	35	0	125
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,010	22,980	15	10	0	25
Irish	21,960	21,890	65	0	0	65
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	37,935	37,860	35	40	0	55
Welsh	1,535	1,530	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	950	945	0	0	0	0
French origins	15,975	15,575	385	15	0	395
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,980	15,575	385	15	0	390
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,815	4,780	15	25	0	30
Austrian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	505	495	10	0	0	10
Dutch	1,375	1,375	0	0	0	0
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,130	3,100	0	25	0	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	45	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,015	1,000	0	10	0	10
Danish	235	235	0	0	0	0
Finnish	85	75	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	400	395	0	0	0	0
Swedish	250	250	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	90	90	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,620	4,570	15	35	0	30
Bulgarian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	120	115	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	85	85	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	385	380	0	0	0	0
Latvian	30	15	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	225	225	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,320	2,305	0	10	0	10
Romanian	145	130	10	0	0	10
Russian	295	295	0	0	0	0
Slovak	70	70	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,430	1,420	0	15	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	35	25	10	0	0	10
Southern European origins	4,640	4,610	15	15	0	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	310	0	0	0	10
Italian	3,565	3,560	0	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	80	75	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	205	205	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	450	430	10	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	45	45	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	215	210	0	0	0	0
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	45	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	140	140	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	295	290	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	90	90	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	115	115	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	60	60	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	785	730	20	35	0	35
Central and West African origins	105	80	15	10	0	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	0	15	0	0	15
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	25	0	10	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	40	0	10	0	10
Algerian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	600	590	0	15	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	130	115	0	15	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	475	470	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,315	2,265	0	15	30	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,190	1,175	0	0	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	125	100	0	10	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	40	40	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	925	925	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Syrian	130	135	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	20	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	250	245	10	0	0	10
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	160	150	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	60	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	855	840	0	0	20	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	605	585	0	0	20	0
Filipino	130	130	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	35	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	50	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	10	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	35	30	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Australian	20	20	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	80,210	79,585	545	60	25	575
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,390	18,280	100	10	10	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	21,420	21,315	90	0	10	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,400	39,990	355	50	0	380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,895	9,805	90	0	0	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	5,205	5,170	35	0	0	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	4,690	4,635	55	0	0	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,470	16,325	125	10	10	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,290	2,275	10	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,755	11,580	130	45	0	155
Bachelor's degree	8,255	8,155	90	15	0	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,070	1,055	10	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	310	0	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,805	1,775	15	10	0	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	315	285	20	15	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	80,210	79,585	545	60	25	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	39,810	39,595	190	10	15	195
Education	3,585	3,540	35	15	0	40
13. Education	3,590	3,540	30	15	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	425	10	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	110	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	315	10	0	0	10
Humanities	1,365	1,340	25	10	0	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	30	0	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	315	310	10	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	550	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	50	10	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	125	0	0	0	0
54. History	245	240	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	25	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,295	3,250	35	0	10	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	40	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	205	0	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,135	1,125	10	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	530	530	10	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	25	30	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	670	665	0	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	685	655	15	0	0	20
Business, management and public administration	7,435	7,360	70	0	0	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	20	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	530	530	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,880	6,810	70	0	0	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	835	820	10	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	275	270	0	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	290	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	160	10	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	85	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	970	940	20	10	0	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	840	820	15	0	0	20
25. Library science	65	60	0	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	50	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,385	10,280	90	10	0	90
04. Architecture and related services	25	30	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	820	795	15	10	0	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,860	1,835	20	0	0	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,385	3,350	35	10	0	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,805	2,785	15	0	0	15
48. Precision production	1,490	1,485	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	395	390	0	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	170	170	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	220	10	0	0	10
Health and related fields	8,240	8,205	25	10	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	190	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,920	7,890	25	0	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	115	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,475	3,435	40	0	0	40
12. Personal and culinary services	1,820	1,805	15	0	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	55	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	480	485	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,115	1,090	25	0	0	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	80,210	79,585	545	60	25	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,810	39,600	190	0	15	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	40,405	39,990	350	50	10	380
Location of study inside Canada	39,105	38,740	330	30	0	350
Same as province or territory of residence	34,625	34,385	215	25	0	230
Different than province or territory of residence	4,480	4,350	120	10	0	120
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,295	1,250	20	20	0	30
United States^Footnote 130	560	555	0	0	0	10
Philippines	75	75	0	0	0	0
India	35	30	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	160	160	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	185	180	0	0	10	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other	275	250	0	15	0	20
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	80,210	79,585	545	60	25	not applicable ...
In the labour force	42,595	42,260	295	45	0	not applicable ...
Employed	35,180	34,890	245	50	0	not applicable ...
Unemployed	7,420	7,370	45	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	37,615	37,330	250	10	20	not applicable ...
Participation rate	53.1	53.1	54.1	75.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	43.9	43.8	45.0	83.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	17.4	17.4	15.3	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	80,215	79,585	545	60	20	575
Did not work^Footnote 135	35,200	34,950	230	0	15	235
Worked	45,010	44,640	315	50	0	345
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	19,680	19,520	130	30	0	140
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	25,335	25,115	185	25	10	195
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.7	38.7	37.7	42.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	46,295	45,915	320	55	0	350
a.Management	3,045	3,035	15	0	0	10
00 Senior management occupations	225	220	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	930	915	15	0	0	15
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,385	1,385	0	0	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	510	505	0	0	0	0
b.Professional	6,545	6,425	75	45	0	100
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	900	890	10	0	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	415	415	10	0	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,465	1,465	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	670	665	0	10	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,950	1,880	40	30	0	50
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	950	935	20	0	0	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	200	180	10	10	0	15
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,880	4,840	40	0	0	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,210	1,200	10	0	0	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,515	1,515	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,015	1,010	10	0	0	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	485	485	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	655	635	25	0	0	25
d.Administration and administrative support	5,185	5,120	70	0	0	70
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,080	2,055	25	0	0	20
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	345	340	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,080	2,045	35	0	0	35
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	685	675	0	0	0	10
e.Sales	5,310	5,270	35	0	0	35
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	620	610	0	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,180	2,160	20	0	0	20
66 Sales support occupations	2,515	2,500	10	10	0	15
f.Personal and customer information services	10,360	10,300	50	0	0	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,020	1,015	0	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,195	1,190	10	0	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,805	1,790	15	0	0	15
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,060	3,045	10	0	10	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,275	3,265	15	0	0	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,925	3,915	10	0	0	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,650	2,640	10	0	0	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,280	1,280	0	0	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,585	3,575	10	0	0	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	470	470	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,975	1,960	10	0	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,140	1,140	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,085	2,075	10	0	0	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	975	965	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	485	480	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	630	625	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,370	1,360	10	10	0	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	310	310	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	310	305	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	80	80	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	670	655	10	10	0	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	46,295	45,910	320	55	10	350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,370	1,365	10	0	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	225	220	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	20	15	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	1,090	1,085	0	0	0	10
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	45	40	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,095	1,095	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	385	385	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	200	200	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	505	505	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	395	395	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	395	400	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,915	3,900	15	0	0	15
236 Construction of buildings	1,115	1,105	10	0	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	885	885	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,920	1,910	10	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,860	1,845	10	10	0	10
311 Food manufacturing	735	720	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	100	105	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	45	45	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	45	45	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	40	40	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	75	70	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	70	75	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	240	240	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	30	35	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	105	100	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	45	40	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	725	725	0	0	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	65	70	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	210	210	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	40	40	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	80	80	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	145	145	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	130	130	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	15	10	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,480	6,445	30	10	0	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	565	565	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	200	195	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	185	185	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	505	500	0	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,645	1,635	10	10	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	840	840	10	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	240	240	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	550	550	10	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	145	145	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,060	1,050	0	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	380	375	10	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	165	170	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,900	1,890	10	0	0	15
481 Air transportation	25	25	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	30	30	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	460	465	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	475	470	0	0	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	175	165	10	0	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	30	25	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	340	340	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	215	215	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	120	120	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	25	25	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	660	640	15	10	0	20
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	165	160	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	75	75	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	85	90	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	225	225	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	15	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	95	80	0	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	765	770	0	0	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	395	395	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	80	75	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	290	290	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	485	485	10	0	0	0
531 Real estate	395	395	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	90	90	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,470	1,465	0	0	0	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,470	1,465	0	0	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,100	3,075	30	0	0	30
561 Administrative and support services	2,955	2,920	30	0	0	30
562 Waste management and remediation services	150	145	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,570	3,505	40	25	0	60
611 Educational services	3,570	3,505	40	25	0	55
62 Health care and social assistance	7,980	7,945	30	0	0	30
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,790	1,785	0	0	0	0
622 Hospitals	3,035	3,035	0	0	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,040	2,030	10	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	1,110	1,095	15	0	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,030	1,005	20	0	0	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	160	160	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	245	230	15	0	0	15
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	625	620	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,940	3,930	10	0	0	10
721 Accommodation services	640	645	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	3,295	3,290	10	0	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,875	1,875	0	0	0	0
811 Repair and maintenance	545	545	0	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	610	610	0	0	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	590	590	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	125	120	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	3,675	3,555	110	10	0	115
911 Federal government public administration	1,965	1,860	100	10	0	105
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	910	900	10	0	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	745	745	0	0	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	45	45	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	35,175	34,890	245	45	0	270
Worked at home	1,225	1,205	20	0	0	15
Worked outside Canada	50	50	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,165	4,140	20	10	0	25
Worked at usual place	29,735	29,490	210	40	0	225
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	46,295	45,915	325	55	10	350
English	45,875	45,615	230	20	0	240
French	180	120	60	0	0	60
Non-official language	45	35	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	20	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	20	0	0	10	0
English and French	160	90	35	35	0	50
English and non-official language	40	35	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	46,295	45,910	325	55	0	350
None	45,620	45,365	200	50	10	225
English	135	110	25	0	0	25
French	420	325	90	0	0	95
Non-official language	115	110	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	40	40	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	75	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,735	29,490	210	40	0	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,640	27,395	205	35	0	225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	540	540	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	630	625	0	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	935	935	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	33,905	33,630	230	45	0	255
Car, truck, van - as a driver	28,020	27,790	190	40	0	210
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,835	2,815	15	0	0	20
Public transit	905	900	0	0	0	0
Walked	1,375	1,360	15	0	0	15
Bicycle	60	55	10	0	0	0
Other method	715	705	0	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	33,905	33,630	230	45	0	250
Less than 15 minutes	14,660	14,555	90	20	0	95
15 to 29 minutes	12,970	12,830	115	20	0	125
30 to 44 minutes	4,490	4,470	20	10	0	20
45 to 59 minutes	955	950	0	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	830	825	0	0	0	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	33,905	33,635	230	45	0	255
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,715	1,710	0	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,945	5,915	30	0	0	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,105	8,985	100	25	0	110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,180	8,125	50	0	0	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,135	3,105	20	10	0	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,825	5,795	25	10	0	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	91,810	91,115	570	105	20	615
Non-movers	84,275	83,675	495	85	15	540
Movers	7,535	7,440	70	20	10	75
Non-migrants	5,755	5,680	55	10	0	60
Migrants	1,785	1,755	15	10	10	20
Internal migrants	1,555	1,540	15	0	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	585	570	10	0	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	970	970	10	0	0	10
External migrants	235	215	0	10	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	88,865	88,185	560	95	25	605
Non-movers	67,755	67,310	360	75	15	400
Movers	21,105	20,875	195	25	15	210
Non-migrants	15,780	15,635	125	20	0	135
Migrants	5,330	5,240	75	0	10	75
Internal migrants	4,430	4,355	70	0	0	75
Intraprovincial migrants	1,835	1,805	30	0	0	30
Interprovincial migrants	2,595	2,550	45	0	0	45
External migrants	905	885	0	0	15	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Cape Breton, RGM

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.