Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Madawaska

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	31,495	1,800	29,505	135	50	29,570
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	31,495	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
0 to 14 years	4,340	285	4,005	30	20	4,025
0 to 4 years	1,160	65	1,075	15	10	1,080
5 to 9 years	1,625	115	1,490	10	10	1,495
10 to 14 years	1,555	110	1,440	10	0	1,445
15 to 64 years	20,780	1,210	19,460	80	25	19,500
15 to 19 years	1,585	80	1,495	10	0	1,500
20 to 24 years	1,360	85	1,265	10	0	1,270
25 to 29 years	1,380	75	1,310	0	0	1,310
30 to 34 years	1,595	85	1,495	15	10	1,500
35 to 39 years	1,830	90	1,720	10	10	1,725
40 to 44 years	1,990	140	1,825	20	0	1,835
45 to 49 years	2,130	135	1,990	0	0	1,990
50 to 54 years	2,730	160	2,575	0	0	2,575
55 to 59 years	3,235	175	3,055	10	0	3,060
60 to 64 years	2,935	190	2,735	10	10	2,740
65 years and over	6,370	310	6,035	20	10	6,050
65 to 69 years	2,530	130	2,395	0	0	2,400
70 to 74 years	1,700	75	1,600	15	0	1,610
75 to 79 years	1,065	35	1,020	0	0	1,020
80 to 84 years	695	25	675	0	0	670
85 years and over	385	40	350	0	0	350
85 to 89 years	305	30	275	0	0	275
90 to 94 years	70	10	65	0	0	65
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.0	43.6	45.2	36.9	31.6	not applicable ...
Median age	48.9	47.2	49.1	38.1	33.3	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	27,150	1,520	25,500	105	30	25,545
Married or living common law	17,125	975	16,060	60	25	16,090
Married	12,110	740	11,285	55	25	11,315
Living common law	5,015	235	4,775	0	0	4,780
Not married and not living common law	10,025	540	9,440	45	0	9,460
Never married	5,985	300	5,655	30	0	5,675
Separated	955	45	905	0	0	905
Divorced	1,365	100	1,250	10	0	1,260
Widowed	1,720	90	1,620	0	0	1,620
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	27,150	1,515	25,495	105	30	25,550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,330	1,420	24,795	95	25	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,060	36,103	35,978	61,822	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,340	25,429	29,567	24,861	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,345	1,425	24,800	95	20	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,975	31,736	30,885	46,807	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,860	23,880	27,074	24,861	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,640	1,145	21,380	90	20	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,069	36,524	33,851	59,457	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,499	23,266	26,680	16,933	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,905	1,130	18,695	75	0	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,953	8,331	8,996	6,591	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,027	7,284	8,096	5,328	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,335	980	17,270	75	20	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,516	35,173	34,483	39,928	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,332	23,692	28,601	16,325	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	81.2	81.9	81.1	91.1	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	66.6	66.9	66.8	51.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	18.8	18.3	18.9	8.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	27,150	1,520	25,500	105	30	25,550
Without total income	820	95	705	10	10	715
With total income	26,330	1,420	24,795	95	20	24,840
Percentage with total income	97.0	93.4	97.2	90.5	66.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,430	245	3,180	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,180
$10,000 to $19,999	5,330	335	4,960	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,975
$20,000 to $29,999	4,685	235	4,425	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,440
$30,000 to $39,999	4,120	210	3,885	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,900
$40,000 to $49,999	3,095	105	2,990	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,990
$50,000 to $59,999	1,750	115	1,640	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,640
$60,000 to $69,999	1,155	35	1,125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,125
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	30	1,025	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,020
$80,000 to $89,999	610	30	585	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	580
$90,000 to $99,999	265	15	250	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	250
$100,000 and over	825	70	730	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	740
$100,000 to $149,999	605	50	545	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	550
$150,000 and over	220	25	185	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	190
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	27,150	1,520	25,495	100	30	25,550
Without after-tax income	805	90	695	10	10	705
With after-tax income	26,350	1,425	24,800	95	25	24,845
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	93.8	97.3	95.0	83.3	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,545	250	3,285	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,290
$10,000 to $19,999	5,610	345	5,215	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,230
$20,000 to $29,999	5,650	305	5,325	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,340
$30,000 to $39,999	4,985	180	4,780	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,785
$40,000 to $49,999	2,660	145	2,515	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,520
$50,000 to $59,999	1,640	70	1,575	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,575
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	35	1,030	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,030
$70,000 to $79,999	405	10	390	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	395
$80,000 and over	780	85	680	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	690
$80,000 to $89,999	295	15	275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	280
$90,000 to $99,999	160	35	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$100,000 and over	325	35	280	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	285
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	27,150	1,520	25,500	105	35	25,550
Without employment income	8,815	540	8,230	30	10	8,250
With employment income	18,335	975	17,270	70	20	17,300
Percentage with employment income	67.5	64.1	67.7	66.7	57.1	67.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,475	165	2,295	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,300
$5,000 to $9,999	1,615	130	1,475	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,480
$10,000 to $19,999	2,800	150	2,615	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,625
$20,000 to $29,999	2,760	140	2,620	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,625
$30,000 to $39,999	2,435	115	2,300	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,310
$40,000 to $49,999	1,970	65	1,910	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,905
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	70	1,125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,130
$60,000 to $69,999	925	30	895	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	895
$70,000 to $79,999	900	15	880	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	880
$80,000 and over	1,250	95	1,150	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,155
$80,000 to $89,999	415	25	395	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	395
$90,000 to $99,999	285	25	260	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	260
$100,000 and over	545	50	495	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	495
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	27,150	1,515	25,495	105	30	25,545
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	8,410	395	7,970	40	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	42,448	39,051	42,625	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	48,581	54,721	48,208	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	31,490	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
English only	555	555	0	0	0	0
French only	11,850	0	11,850	0	0	11,855
English and French	19,030	1,245	17,645	135	0	17,715
Neither English nor French	55	0	10	0	50	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	31,490	1,805	29,505	130	45	29,575
English	1,505	1,045	460	0	0	460
French	29,285	590	28,700	0	0	28,700
Non-official language	200	80	30	40	50	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	205	80	25	45	50	50
English and French	390	60	245	80	0	285
English and non-official language	35	25	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	55	0	55	0	0	55
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	31,490	1,800	29,505	135	50	29,570
None	26,330	1,015	25,145	115	50	25,205
English	4,320	335	3,975	10	0	3,975
French	760	435	315	0	0	320
Non-official language	45	0	35	0	0	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	10	35	0	0	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	10	30	0	0	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	31,490	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
English	1,675	1,645	25	0	0	25
French	29,145	15	29,130	0	0	29,130
Non-official language	365	120	140	55	50	170
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	360	115	145	55	50	165
English and French	270	15	180	80	0	220
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	25	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	31,490	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
Official languages	31,435	1,805	29,500	130	0	29,565
English	19,580	1,805	17,650	130	0	17,715
French	30,885	1,250	29,500	130	0	29,565
Non-official languages	685	185	390	55	50	415
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	675	180	390	55	50	415
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	31,490	1,805	29,505	130	50	29,570
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,030	160	865	0	0	865
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	970	145	825	0	0	820
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	545	115	430	0	0	430
Métis	425	35	390	0	0	385
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	20	10	20	0	0	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	40	15	25	0	0	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	30,460	1,640	28,635	135	50	28,705
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	31,490	1,805	29,505	130	50	29,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	360	85	270	0	0	270
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,135	1,715	29,230	135	50	29,300
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	31,490	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	455	90	365	0	0	365
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	425	70	350	0	0	350
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	315	65	250	0	0	245
Métis single ancestry	105	10	95	0	0	100
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	30	15	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	10	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	960	105	855	0	0	855
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	925	100	825	0	0	825
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	735	95	640	0	0	640
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	190	10	185	0	0	180
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	40	10	30	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	25	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	30,070	1,610	28,280	130	50	28,345
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	31,495	1,800	29,505	130	50	29,570
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	30,680	1,525	29,030	115	10	29,085
Canadian citizens only	30,275	1,425	28,735	100	10	28,785
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	405	95	295	15	0	300
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	810	280	475	20	35	485
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	31,490	1,805	29,505	135	50	29,570
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	30,045	1,310	28,655	80	0	28,695
Immigrants^Footnote 42	1,285	450	740	50	50	760
Before 1981	695	210	465	20	0	475
1981 to 1990	100	60	35	0	0	40
1991 to 2000	70	35	35	0	0	30
2001 to 2010	210	30	150	20	15	165
2001 to 2005	110	15	80	15	10	90
2006 to 2010	95	15	70	10	10	75
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	210	110	55	10	40	60
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	160	45	110	0	0	110
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	1,285	450	740	50	50	765
Under 5 years	305	55	235	10	10	240
5 to 14 years	250	125	110	10	0	115
15 to 24 years	290	125	170	0	0	170
25 to 44 years	360	140	175	30	15	185
45 years and over	80	10	55	10	15	55
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	1,285	450	740	50	50	765
Americas	885	300	560	15	0	570
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	20	0	0	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	840	295	525	15	0	535
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	130	70	55	10	0	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	35	15	20	0	0	20
Germany	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	60	30	20	0	0	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	135	10	105	20	0	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	0	30	10	0	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	0	75	0	0	75
Asia	135	60	20	10	50	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	40	30	0	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	45	0	20	0	25	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	210	110	55	10	35	60
Americas	60	35	20	0	0	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	55	35	20	0	0	20
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	40	15	10	0	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	45	30	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	20	0	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	70	30	0	0	40	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	15	15	0	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	30	0	0	0	25	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	31,495	1,800	29,505	130	50	29,570
First generation^Footnote 71	1,555	525	925	55	50	955
Second generation^Footnote 72	1,775	365	1,370	35	0	1,390
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	28,165	915	27,210	40	0	27,230
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	620	250	285	30	50	300
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	245	80	135	25	0	150
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	105	20	70	15	0	80
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	140	55	65	10	0	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	305	155	135	10	10	135
Refugees^Footnote 79	65	15	15	0	30	15
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	31,490	1,800	29,505	135	50	29,570
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	480	120	280	25	50	295
South Asian^Footnote 83	20	10	10	10	0	10
Chinese	60	45	0	0	10	0
Black	210	35	170	0	0	170
Filipino	15	15	10	0	0	10
Latin American	15	10	15	0	0	15
Arab	105	0	50	25	30	65
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	35	10	20	0	10	15
West Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	31,010	1,685	29,220	105	0	29,275
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	31,490	1,805	29,500	135	50	29,570
North American Aboriginal origins	1,420	195	1,225	0	0	1,225
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,120	180	935	0	0	940
Inuit	15	10	10	0	0	10
Métis	355	30	330	0	0	325
Other North American origins	26,510	1,130	25,315	65	0	25,350
Acadian	455	50	405	0	0	405
American	735	240	475	20	0	485
Canadian	26,110	1,010	25,040	60	0	25,070
New Brunswicker	30	0	30	0	0	30
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	65	10	60	0	0	55
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,635	950	8,655	35	0	8,670
British Isles origins	2,200	625	1,570	10	0	1,575
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	955	370	575	10	0	580
Irish	1,140	220	920	0	0	920
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	470	185	285	0	0	285
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	35	25	10	0	0	0
French origins	8,295	445	7,835	20	0	7,845
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,300	445	7,835	20	0	7,845
Western European origins (except French origins)	230	75	160	0	0	155
Austrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	0	20	0	0	20
Dutch	15	10	0	0	0	0
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	50	120	0	0	120
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	10	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	40	25	15	0	0	15
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	145	85	50	15	0	60
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	15	20	0	0	25
Romanian	65	30	25	10	0	25
Russian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	25	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	290	60	230	0	0	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	255	45	215	0	0	215
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	0	15	0	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	15	20	0	0	20
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	25	10	15	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	50	15	35	0	0	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	0	30	0	0	30
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	260	35	210	15	0	215
Central and West African origins	95	10	80	0	0	80
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	0	30	0	0	30
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	15	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	25	0	15	0	0	15
North African origins	85	10	60	15	0	70
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	15
Berber	20	0	10	10	0	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	10	35	0	0	40
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	10	35	0	0	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	0	25	0	0	25
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	15	45	0	0	45
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	55	15	45	0	0	45
Asian origins	230	90	65	25	50	75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	85	0	40	20	35	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	35	0	15	20	0	25
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	0	20	0	30	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	15	15	10	0	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	10	10	0	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	0	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	110	80	10	0	20	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	45	10	0	10	0
Filipino	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	15	0	0	10
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	27,150	1,515	25,500	105	30	25,550
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,355	310	7,005	25	20	7,015
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	7,735	470	7,220	35	10	7,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,055	740	11,275	45	0	11,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,565	200	3,350	10	0	3,355
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	2,110	115	1,985	10	0	1,990
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	1,455	90	1,360	0	0	1,365
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,195	275	3,920	10	0	3,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	630	20	605	0	0	605
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,665	240	3,400	20	0	3,415
Bachelor's degree	2,555	165	2,390	0	0	2,385
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	30	275	0	0	275
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	0	190	20	0	195
Master's degree	495	40	450	10	0	455
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	105	10	100	0	0	100
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	27,150	1,515	25,500	105	35	25,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	15,095	775	14,225	60	30	14,260
Education	1,040	60	970	0	0	975
13. Education	1,040	65	970	0	0	975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	15	130	0	0	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	15	120	0	0	115
Humanities	280	45	235	0	0	240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	0	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	10	105	0	0	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	15	0	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	25	0	0	30
54. History	45	10	40	0	0	35
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	45	0	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	35	580	0	0	580
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	20	0	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	10	230	0	0	225
22. Legal professions and studies	85	10	75	0	0	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	10	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	120	10	115	0	0	115
45. Social sciences	145	15	130	0	0	130
Business, management and public administration	2,485	160	2,315	0	0	2,320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	10	135	0	0	135
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,335	155	2,180	10	0	2,175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	15	185	0	0	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	0	70	0	0	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	10	45	0	0	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	0	35	0	0	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0	0	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	15	200	0	0	205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	15	155	0	0	155
25. Library science	35	0	35	0	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	20	0	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,020	165	2,845	0	0	2,850
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	25	0	0	20
14. Engineering	195	10	180	0	0	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	25	385	0	0	390
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	955	50	900	0	0	905
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	965	55	910	0	0	910
48. Precision production	480	20	455	0	0	455
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	25	410	0	0	410
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	0	135	0	0	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	20	270	0	0	275
Health and related fields	2,425	135	2,265	20	0	2,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	0	105	0	0	105
51. Health professions and related programs	2,255	135	2,110	10	0	2,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	0	50	15	0	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,185	60	1,125	0	0	1,130
12. Personal and culinary services	770	40	725	0	0	725
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	220	10	210	0	0	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	10	185	0	0	185
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	27,150	1,515	25,495	105	30	25,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,100	775	14,225	60	30	14,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	12,055	740	11,270	40	0	11,290
Location of study inside Canada	11,605	580	11,005	15	0	11,015
Same as province or territory of residence	9,505	435	9,060	15	0	9,065
Different than province or territory of residence	2,095	140	1,945	0	0	1,945
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	450	160	265	25	0	280
United States^Footnote 130	285	115	170	0	0	170
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	20	15	0	0	0	0
France	45	0	35	0	0	40
Other	90	15	55	20	0	65
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	27,150	1,515	25,495	105	30	not applicable ...
In the labour force	16,170	875	15,210	70	15	not applicable ...
Employed	14,685	785	13,825	65	15	not applicable ...
Unemployed	1,480	90	1,385	10	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	10,985	645	10,285	30	15	not applicable ...
Participation rate	59.6	57.8	59.7	66.7	50.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	54.1	51.8	54.2	61.9	50.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.3	9.1	14.3	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	27,150	1,520	25,495	105	30	25,550
Did not work^Footnote 135	10,225	620	9,545	35	20	9,570
Worked	16,925	895	15,950	70	10	15,985
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	8,550	415	8,095	35	10	8,110
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	8,375	480	7,855	35	0	7,870
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	39.6	42.1	39.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	17,400	950	16,355	75	15	16,395
a.Management	1,340	95	1,245	0	0	1,245
00 Senior management occupations	145	10	140	0	0	140
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	320	25	295	0	0	295
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	525	55	470	0	0	470
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	350	20	335	0	0	340
b.Professional	2,155	95	2,045	25	0	2,055
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	215	0	210	0	0	210
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	215	20	195	0	0	195
30 Professional occupations in nursing	475	10	470	0	0	470
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	310	0	290	20	0	300
40 Professional occupations in education services	610	35	575	0	0	575
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	240	10	230	0	0	230
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	80	10	70	0	0	70
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,440	90	1,350	0	0	1,355
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	415	35	385	0	0	380
32 Technical occupations in health	415	25	395	0	0	395
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	330	15	315	0	0	310
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	120	10	110	0	0	115
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	15	145	0	0	150
d.Administration and administrative support	1,815	65	1,745	10	0	1,745
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	995	50	945	0	0	945
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	135	10	130	0	0	125
14 Office support occupations	445	15	425	10	0	430
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	245	0	245	0	0	250
e.Sales	1,370	95	1,280	0	0	1,280
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	165	10	160	0	0	160
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	505	25	480	0	0	480
66 Sales support occupations	705	65	635	0	0	640
f.Personal and customer information services	3,945	275	3,645	10	15	3,650
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	525	40	490	0	0	485
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	535	30	505	0	0	505
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	720	45	660	0	10	660
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	770	85	685	0	0	685
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,390	80	1,300	10	0	1,305
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,425	70	1,360	0	0	1,360
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	740	35	700	0	0	700
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	690	30	665	0	0	660
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,550	75	1,460	15	0	1,470
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	135	0	135	0	0	135
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,005	40	945	15	0	955
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	405	30	380	0	0	380
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	695	45	645	0	0	645
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	140	0	130	0	0	130
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	405	30	375	0	0	375
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	150	10	140	0	0	140
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,655	50	1,595	15	0	1,605
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	225	15	205	0	0	205
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	640	15	615	10	0	620
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	185	0	190	0	0	190
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	600	20	580	0	0	580
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	17,400	955	16,355	75	15	16,395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,035	30	1,015	0	0	1,015
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	565	20	540	0	0	540
113 Forestry and logging	355	0	355	0	0	355
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	10	10	0	0	10
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	105	0	105	0	0	105
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	10	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	10	0	10	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	50	0	45	0	0	50
221 Utilities	50	0	45	0	0	45
23 Construction	1,090	65	1,025	0	0	1,030
236 Construction of buildings	260	15	245	0	0	245
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	270	30	240	0	0	240
238 Specialty trade contractors	560	20	540	0	0	540
31-33 Manufacturing	2,690	135	2,540	20	0	2,550
311 Food manufacturing	660	50	590	15	0	600
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	15	0	10	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	35	10	30	0	0	30
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	730	25	700	10	0	700
322 Paper manufacturing	365	40	320	0	0	320
323 Printing and related support activities	25	0	25	0	0	25
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	20	0	20	0	0	25
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	150	0	155	0	0	150
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	140	0	140	0	0	140
331 Primary metal manufacturing	20	0	10	0	0	15
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	95	0	95	0	0	90
333 Machinery manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	0	10	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	35	0	35	0	0	35
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	45	0	40	0	0	40
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	345	10	335	0	0	335
41 Wholesale trade	340	15	325	0	0	325
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	0	25	0	0	20
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	65	0	65	0	0	65
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	15	0	10	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	35	0	30	0	0	25
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	40	0	40	0	0	40
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	95	10	85	0	0	80
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	75	0	70	0	0	70
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	0	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,910	120	1,790	0	0	1,790
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	270	10	255	0	0	255
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	70	0	75	0	0	70
443 Electronics and appliance stores	30	0	25	0	0	25
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	145	10	145	0	0	140
445 Food and beverage stores	450	10	435	0	0	440
446 Health and personal care stores	200	10	185	0	0	185
447 Gasoline stations	115	0	110	0	0	110
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	95	0	90	0	0	90
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	70	0	65	0	0	65
452 General merchandise stores	320	35	275	0	0	280
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	110	20	95	0	0	95
454 Non-store retailers	40	0	35	0	0	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	790	40	730	20	0	740
481 Air transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	55	0	55	0	0	55
483 Water transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	535	40	480	20	0	485
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	40	0	40	0	0	40
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	50	0	45	10	0	50
491 Postal service	85	0	85	0	0	80
492 Couriers and messengers	25	0	20	0	0	20
493 Warehousing and storage	0	0	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	270	45	225	0	0	225
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	25	0	20	0	0	20
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	20	10	10	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	20	0	20	0	0	25
517 Telecommunications	175	30	140	0	0	145
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	30	0	30	0	0	30
52 Finance and insurance	355	20	340	0	0	340
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	185	10	175	0	0	175
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	10	0	10	0	0	15
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	160	10	155	0	0	150
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	10	110	0	0	110
531 Real estate	85	0	80	0	0	85
532 Rental and leasing services	25	10	25	0	0	25
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	400	30	365	0	0	370
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	400	30	370	0	0	365
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	540	30	510	0	0	510
561 Administrative and support services	475	25	455	0	0	450
562 Waste management and remediation services	60	0	60	0	0	60
61 Educational services	1,120	60	1,060	0	0	1,060
611 Educational services	1,120	60	1,065	0	0	1,065
62 Health care and social assistance	3,050	110	2,920	20	0	2,930
621 Ambulatory health care services	580	20	560	10	0	560
622 Hospitals	1,075	25	1,040	10	0	1,045
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	850	35	815	0	0	815
624 Social assistance	545	30	515	0	0	510
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	315	20	290	10	0	295
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	40	0	40	0	0	40
712 Heritage institutions	60	0	60	0	0	60
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	205	20	190	0	0	185
72 Accommodation and food services	1,315	110	1,180	10	15	1,180
721 Accommodation services	280	20	260	0	0	260
722 Food services and drinking places	1,040	95	920	10	15	920
81 Other services (except public administration)	820	55	765	0	0	770
811 Repair and maintenance	365	20	350	0	0	345
812 Personal and laundry services	235	0	230	0	0	230
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	150	10	140	0	0	140
814 Private households	65	15	55	0	0	50
91 Public administration	1,175	65	1,115	0	0	1,115
911 Federal government public administration	360	15	350	0	0	350
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	430	20	405	0	0	405
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	385	30	350	0	0	350
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	10	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	14,685	790	13,825	60	15	13,850
Worked at home	765	40	730	0	0	725
Worked outside Canada	120	40	80	0	0	80
No fixed workplace address	1,560	75	1,480	0	0	1,480
Worked at usual place	12,245	630	11,540	55	15	11,565
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	17,395	955	16,355	75	15	16,395
English	1,375	410	960	0	0	965
French	14,885	460	14,395	35	0	14,410
Non-official language	30	15	0	0	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	15	0	0	15	0
English and French	1,095	65	995	35	0	1,015
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	17,400	950	16,360	75	15	16,395
None	9,675	410	9,190	55	15	9,220
English	6,790	350	6,415	20	0	6,425
French	915	180	730	0	0	735
Non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	20	0	0	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	12,240	630	11,540	55	15	11,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,140	300	5,795	25	15	5,805
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,755	190	4,545	25	0	4,555
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,085	100	975	10	0	980
Commute to a different province or territory	260	35	225	0	0	230
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	13,800	710	13,020	60	15	13,050
Car, truck, van - as a driver	12,545	590	11,905	50	0	11,925
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	560	60	485	10	15	490
Public transit	65	0	65	0	0	65
Walked	450	35	410	10	0	410
Bicycle	35	0	30	0	0	30
Other method	145	15	130	0	0	130
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	13,805	705	13,020	60	15	13,050
Less than 15 minutes	7,470	390	7,040	25	15	7,050
15 to 29 minutes	4,315	200	4,100	15	0	4,110
30 to 44 minutes	1,260	60	1,195	0	0	1,195
45 to 59 minutes	345	30	315	0	0	315
60 minutes and over	415	35	370	10	0	375
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	13,800	710	13,020	60	15	13,050
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,240	80	1,155	10	0	1,160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,510	105	2,390	20	0	2,400
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,890	205	4,670	15	0	4,680
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,265	135	2,110	15	0	2,115
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	880	90	770	10	10	775
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,020	90	1,925	10	0	1,925
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	31,300	1,790	29,330	125	50	29,390
Non-movers	28,665	1,515	27,030	105	20	27,080
Movers	2,635	280	2,305	25	30	2,315
Non-migrants	1,515	125	1,375	20	0	1,380
Migrants	1,120	155	935	10	30	935
Internal migrants	1,020	125	890	0	0	890
Intraprovincial migrants	755	65	690	0	0	690
Interprovincial migrants	260	55	200	0	0	205
External migrants	100	30	45	0	35	40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	30,330	1,735	28,430	120	40	28,490
Non-movers	23,095	1,070	21,960	65	0	21,995
Movers	7,235	665	6,470	55	40	6,495
Non-migrants	4,280	275	3,970	25	10	3,980
Migrants	2,955	395	2,500	30	30	2,515
Internal migrants	2,670	275	2,385	20	0	2,390
Intraprovincial migrants	1,910	145	1,765	10	0	1,765
Interprovincial migrants	760	130	620	15	0	625
External migrants	280	120	120	15	30	125

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Madawaska

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.