Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Brome-Missisquoi

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	56,615	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,545
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
0 to 14 years	9,060	1,405	7,550	100	0	1,460
0 to 4 years	2,740	425	2,280	30	0	440
5 to 9 years	3,205	435	2,740	35	0	445
10 to 14 years	3,115	545	2,530	45	0	570
15 to 64 years	35,215	6,315	28,655	220	20	6,425
15 to 19 years	2,915	530	2,350	40	0	550
20 to 24 years	2,670	520	2,130	25	0	535
25 to 29 years	2,440	515	1,895	25	10	530
30 to 34 years	2,955	605	2,330	15	0	615
35 to 39 years	3,280	485	2,770	15	10	495
40 to 44 years	3,095	465	2,615	0	0	470
45 to 49 years	3,355	615	2,720	15	0	625
50 to 54 years	4,520	780	3,720	15	0	790
55 to 59 years	4,850	885	3,930	35	0	900
60 to 64 years	5,130	910	4,190	25	0	925
65 years and over	12,345	2,635	9,645	55	10	2,660
65 to 69 years	4,665	875	3,775	15	0	880
70 to 74 years	3,400	635	2,755	10	0	635
75 to 79 years	2,160	515	1,640	10	0	520
80 to 84 years	1,175	345	825	0	0	345
85 years and over	945	270	650	15	0	275
85 to 89 years	630	150	480	0	0	150
90 to 94 years	260	100	140	15	10	110
95 to 99 years	45	15	30	0	0	20
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	44.2	46.3	43.8	36.7	45.6	not applicable ...
Median age	48.0	50.2	47.4	29.6	43.2	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	47,555	8,945	38,295	275	35	9,085
Married or living common law	29,345	5,335	23,840	145	20	5,410
Married	17,155	3,760	13,255	125	20	3,815
Living common law	12,190	1,575	10,585	30	0	1,595
Not married and not living common law	18,205	3,610	14,455	130	10	3,680
Never married	11,475	2,105	9,285	85	0	2,145
Separated	620	130	485	10	0	130
Divorced	3,750	830	2,895	25	0	840
Widowed	2,365	555	1,790	10	10	555
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	47,555	8,950	38,295	275	35	9,090
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,345	8,675	37,375	260	30	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,587	37,622	42,601	31,031	18,065	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,614	26,846	32,988	21,896	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,360	8,675	37,390	260	35	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,190	31,704	34,836	26,450	16,626	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,329	25,028	29,392	21,643	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,545	7,405	33,885	225	25	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,204	34,887	39,019	27,852	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,786	23,522	28,940	20,022	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,290	7,095	28,965	195	30	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,372	9,605	9,323	8,660	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,737	9,328	8,660	8,333	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,260	5,600	26,440	200	25	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,908	33,395	37,769	23,851	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,763	23,553	29,033	16,647	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	82.4	79.1	83.0	79.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	61.8	57.2	62.7	59.1	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	17.6	20.9	17.0	21.5	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	47,550	8,945	38,300	275	30	9,085
Without total income	1,210	275	920	15	0	280
With total income	46,340	8,675	37,375	260	35	8,805
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.0	97.6	94.5	100.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,165	1,140	3,980	40	too unreliable to be published F	1,165
$10,000 to $19,999	8,935	2,000	6,845	70	too unreliable to be published F	2,040
$20,000 to $29,999	7,925	1,600	6,250	60	too unreliable to be published F	1,630
$30,000 to $39,999	6,690	1,275	5,390	25	too unreliable to be published F	1,290
$40,000 to $49,999	5,275	835	4,405	30	too unreliable to be published F	845
$50,000 to $59,999	3,930	670	3,255	10	too unreliable to be published F	675
$60,000 to $69,999	2,530	360	2,155	15	too unreliable to be published F	365
$70,000 to $79,999	1,780	265	1,515	0	too unreliable to be published F	265
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	120	925	10	too unreliable to be published F	120
$90,000 to $99,999	760	85	675	0	too unreliable to be published F	80
$100,000 and over	2,315	325	1,980	0	too unreliable to be published F	325
$100,000 to $149,999	1,455	180	1,270	0	too unreliable to be published F	180
$150,000 and over	860	145	710	0	too unreliable to be published F	150
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	47,555	8,945	38,295	275	30	9,085
Without after-tax income	1,190	270	905	15	0	280
With after-tax income	46,355	8,675	37,395	260	30	8,805
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.0	97.6	94.5	100.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,515	1,225	4,245	45	too unreliable to be published F	1,245
$10,000 to $19,999	9,500	2,070	7,335	80	too unreliable to be published F	2,110
$20,000 to $29,999	9,580	1,950	7,565	50	too unreliable to be published F	1,980
$30,000 to $39,999	7,940	1,400	6,490	45	too unreliable to be published F	1,425
$40,000 to $49,999	5,665	900	4,755	10	too unreliable to be published F	910
$50,000 to $59,999	3,285	490	2,780	15	too unreliable to be published F	500
$60,000 to $69,999	1,790	225	1,560	10	too unreliable to be published F	230
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	145	960	0	too unreliable to be published F	150
$80,000 and over	1,980	275	1,700	0	too unreliable to be published F	275
$80,000 to $89,999	600	80	520	0	too unreliable to be published F	80
$90,000 to $99,999	305	20	275	0	too unreliable to be published F	25
$100,000 and over	1,080	170	905	0	too unreliable to be published F	170
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	47,550	8,950	38,300	275	35	9,085
Without employment income	15,290	3,350	11,855	80	0	3,390
With employment income	32,260	5,595	26,445	200	25	5,695
Percentage with employment income	67.8	62.5	69.0	72.7	71.4	62.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,105	1,015	4,040	55	too unreliable to be published F	1,040
$5,000 to $9,999	2,800	495	2,280	20	too unreliable to be published F	505
$10,000 to $19,999	5,070	1,040	3,965	45	too unreliable to be published F	1,060
$20,000 to $29,999	4,130	780	3,325	30	too unreliable to be published F	790
$30,000 to $39,999	4,335	740	3,585	10	too unreliable to be published F	740
$40,000 to $49,999	2,920	490	2,410	20	too unreliable to be published F	500
$50,000 to $59,999	2,390	365	2,020	0	too unreliable to be published F	365
$60,000 to $69,999	1,585	210	1,370	0	too unreliable to be published F	210
$70,000 to $79,999	1,245	155	1,085	0	too unreliable to be published F	160
$80,000 and over	2,695	315	2,370	10	too unreliable to be published F	320
$80,000 to $89,999	700	70	630	0	too unreliable to be published F	70
$90,000 to $99,999	420	45	370	0	too unreliable to be published F	50
$100,000 and over	1,570	200	1,370	0	too unreliable to be published F	200
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	47,550	8,945	38,295	275	30	9,085
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	13,565	2,385	11,115	65	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	42,072	36,790	43,431	38,456	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	53,459	51,969	53,837	45,840	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
English only	3,710	3,710	0	0	0	3,710
French only	22,770	0	22,775	0	0	0
English and French	30,090	6,640	23,065	380	0	6,830
Neither English nor French	40	0	0	0	35	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	56,610	10,350	45,850	380	35	10,540
English	10,185	9,245	940	0	0	9,245
French	45,020	745	44,275	0	0	740
Non-official language	385	75	165	115	35	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	385	75	165	115	35	130
English and French	820	235	350	235	0	355
English and non-official language	65	50	10	0	0	55
French and non-official language	105	0	105	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	0	25	0	20
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	56,610	10,355	45,845	375	35	10,545
None	48,275	7,430	40,525	295	35	7,575
English	4,725	515	4,185	25	0	530
French	3,020	2,220	785	20	0	2,230
Non-official language	415	170	240	0	0	175
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	405	160	240	10	0	170
English and French	30	0	0	30	0	20
English and non-official language	115	10	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	56,615	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,545
English	9,600	9,560	35	0	0	9,560
French	44,970	20	44,955	0	0	20
Non-official language	1,190	500	525	130	35	565
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,180	490	525	135	35	560
English and French	695	220	235	240	0	340
English and non-official language	45	50	0	0	0	50
French and non-official language	75	0	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	56,615	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
Official languages	56,575	10,355	45,840	380	0	10,545
English	33,800	10,355	23,070	380	0	10,545
French	52,865	6,640	45,845	375	0	6,830
Non-official languages	3,545	900	2,460	150	35	975
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,535	890	2,460	150	35	970
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	30	10,540
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	915	215	705	0	0	210
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	855	195	665	0	0	195
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	475	120	355	0	0	125
Métis	380	75	310	0	0	70
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	50	20	30	0	0	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,695	10,140	45,140	380	35	10,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	160	70	85	0	0	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	56,450	10,280	45,760	380	35	10,465
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	600	75	530	0	0	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	595	70	525	0	0	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	460	65	395	0	0	65
Métis single ancestry	135	0	125	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,345	535	1,810	10	0	535
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,335	530	1,795	10	0	530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,015	460	1,545	10	0	470
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	315	70	250	0	0	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	15	0	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	53,660	9,750	43,510	370	35	9,935
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	56,615	10,350	45,845	380	35	10,545
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	55,885	10,025	45,495	350	10	10,205
Canadian citizens only	54,645	9,730	44,590	320	10	9,890
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,240	300	905	30	10	315
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	730	325	350	30	25	335
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	56,610	10,350	45,850	380	30	10,545
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	53,845	9,315	44,260	270	0	9,450
Immigrants^Footnote 42	2,660	1,000	1,540	110	10	1,050
Before 1981	1,400	635	705	50	0	660
1981 to 1990	290	55	230	10	0	60
1991 to 2000	315	95	200	10	0	105
2001 to 2010	395	115	260	20	10	125
2001 to 2005	170	55	105	15	0	60
2006 to 2010	230	60	155	10	0	65
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	255	90	140	15	10	100
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	110	40	45	0	20	40
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	2,660	995	1,540	105	10	1,050
Under 5 years	365	170	185	10	0	175
5 to 14 years	415	190	205	15	0	200
15 to 24 years	615	200	380	30	0	215
25 to 44 years	1,065	340	680	45	10	365
45 years and over	195	95	95	10	10	100
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	2,660	995	1,540	110	10	1,050
Americas	585	315	255	15	0	320
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	0	30	0	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	415	285	130	0	0	285
Other places of birth in Americas	85	15	65	10	0	15
Europe	1,660	555	1,030	65	0	590
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	595	10	585	0	0	10
Germany	150	105	20	25	0	115
Greece	30	25	0	0	0	25
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	65	15	55	0	0	15
Netherlands	40	15	15	20	0	20
Poland	40	20	15	0	0	20
Portugal	20	0	15	0	0	10
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	235	230	0	0	0	230
Other places of birth in Europe	435	105	310	20	0	120
Africa	165	10	155	0	0	10
Algeria	30	0	35	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	40	0	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	0	75	0	0	10
Asia	235	110	100	20	10	120
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	50	25	15	0	0	30
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	30	0	0	0	35
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	0	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	30	0	10	0	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	15	35	10	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	255	95	140	15	10	100
Americas	85	50	25	0	0	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	50	40	10	0	0	40
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	10
Europe	95	20	80	0	0	15
France	70	0	65	0	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	30	0	25	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	10	10	0	20
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	56,610	10,355	45,850	380	30	10,545
First generation^Footnote 71	2,975	1,125	1,710	110	35	1,180
Second generation^Footnote 72	3,690	1,505	2,125	55	10	1,535
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	49,945	7,720	42,015	215	0	7,830
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	1,300	375	865	55	10	405
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	615	100	480	30	10	115
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	355	55	280	20	0	65
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	260	45	200	15	10	55
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	600	260	315	20	0	270
Refugees^Footnote 79	75	10	65	0	0	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	56,610	10,350	45,845	375	35	10,545
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	745	245	420	50	25	270
South Asian^Footnote 83	55	45	0	10	0	45
Chinese	120	60	45	10	10	65
Black	200	50	155	0	0	50
Filipino	55	40	0	0	0	45
Latin American	135	25	70	15	20	35
Arab	65	10	55	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	40	0	35	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	30	10	20	0	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	30	10	15	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	20	0	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	55,870	10,110	45,425	330	0	10,275
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	56,610	10,355	45,845	380	35	10,540
North American Aboriginal origins	2,945	605	2,335	10	0	610
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,495	530	1,955	10	0	535
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	470	80	390	0	0	80
Other North American origins	39,720	5,345	34,215	155	0	5,425
Acadian	260	25	235	0	0	25
American	660	305	355	0	0	305
Canadian	38,180	5,140	32,890	150	0	5,215
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0	0	15
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,240	50	1,185	10	0	55
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	25,745	7,180	18,345	210	10	7,285
British Isles origins	9,810	5,725	3,995	85	0	5,770
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,375	3,380	950	45	0	3,405
Irish	4,875	2,320	2,500	50	0	2,350
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,705	1,785	915	0	0	1,785
Welsh	265	260	0	0	0	265
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	460	380	75	0	0	380
French origins	15,935	1,830	14,045	65	0	1,860
Alsatian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Breton	55	0	55	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,910	1,825	14,020	60	0	1,860
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,445	1,220	2,150	75	0	1,255
Austrian	75	50	15	10	0	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	750	85	665	10	0	85
Dutch	630	345	260	25	0	355
Flemish	50	10	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,600	725	840	35	0	740
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	660	150	490	20	0	155
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	285	220	70	0	0	215
Danish	70	60	10	0	0	60
Finnish	50	30	15	0	0	35
Icelandic	10	15	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	35	25	0	0	35
Swedish	100	85	15	0	0	90
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,010	555	430	20	0	565
Bulgarian	20	0	15	0	0	10
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	50	15	0	0	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	20	10	15	0	0	10
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	70	30	0	0	70
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	35	40	0	0	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	395	215	175	10	0	215
Romanian	95	40	55	0	0	40
Russian	165	105	55	0	0	105
Slovak	30	25	0	0	0	25
Ukrainian	190	115	75	0	0	115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,060	495	1,525	40	0	515
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	30	0	0	0	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	75	55	10	0	80
Italian	1,420	285	1,115	25	0	295
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	45	185	0	0	45
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	265	50	195	15	0	60
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	95	35	65	0	0	35
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	10
Jewish	25	20	0	0	0	20
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	50	10	50	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	125	45	75	0	0	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	0	40	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	25	0	0	0	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	20	20	0	0	0	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	310	90	180	20	20	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Chilean	65	15	45	10	0	20
Colombian	55	10	40	0	0	10
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	0	0	15	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	30	45	0	0	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0	0	10
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	310	40	265	10	0	45
Central and West African origins	45	0	40	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	0	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	165	10	145	0	0	15
Algerian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	20	0	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	10	75	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	0	45	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	0	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	25	40	0	0	25
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	60	25	40	0	0	25
Asian origins	555	180	335	30	10	200
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	295	55	235	10	10	55
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	20	0	20	0	0	0
Armenian	40	0	35	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	0	10	0	0	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	145	30	110	0	0	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	0	30	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	45	40	0	0	0	45
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	40	0	10	0	45
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	205	85	100	20	0	95
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Chinese	100	45	40	10	0	55
Filipino	50	45	0	0	0	50
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	20	0	0	0	20
Australian	20	15	0	0	0	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	47,550	8,950	38,295	275	35	9,085
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,365	2,415	7,865	55	25	2,440
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	11,990	2,650	9,270	60	10	2,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,200	3,885	21,160	160	0	3,960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,975	1,060	6,880	35	0	1,080
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	5,835	730	5,090	15	0	735
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	2,140	330	1,790	25	0	340
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,425	1,180	6,185	60	0	1,210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,770	210	1,545	15	0	215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,030	1,435	6,550	50	0	1,455
Bachelor's degree	5,350	1,000	4,325	30	0	1,015
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	670	145	520	10	0	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	20	285	0	0	15
Master's degree	1,460	220	1,225	15	0	230
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	245	50	200	0	0	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	47,550	8,950	38,300	275	30	9,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	22,355	5,060	17,135	120	30	5,125
Education	2,060	370	1,685	10	0	370
13. Education	2,060	370	1,685	10	0	370
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,075	190	855	25	0	205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	15	105	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	955	185	750	25	0	195
Humanities	1,420	285	1,125	10	0	290
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	195	50	135	0	0	55
23. English language and literature/letters	95	70	20	0	0	75
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	730	90	640	0	0	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	35	0	0	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	0	65	0	0	0
54. History	55	20	35	0	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	205	10	195	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,215	450	1,755	0	0	455
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	45	285	0	0	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	70	360	10	0	70
22. Legal professions and studies	445	30	415	0	0	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	45	15	35	0	0	10
42. Psychology	350	75	275	0	0	75
45. Social sciences	590	215	375	0	0	215
Business, management and public administration	5,330	730	4,565	30	0	745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	15	235	0	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,075	720	4,325	30	0	730
Physical and life sciences and technologies	730	140	580	10	0	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	25	160	0	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	25	130	10	0	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	105	10	95	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	245	75	165	10	0	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	560	135	430	0	0	135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	475	110	365	0	0	105
25. Library science	50	10	50	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,525	785	4,720	25	0	790
04. Architecture and related services	240	30	200	0	0	35
14. Engineering	705	120	580	10	0	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,085	155	920	0	0	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,180	140	1,030	0	0	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,220	185	1,035	0	0	185
48. Precision production	1,100	140	950	10	0	145
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,030	135	870	25	0	150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	830	110	705	20	0	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	25	165	10	0	30
Health and related fields	3,205	410	2,790	10	0	410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	50	215	0	0	55
51. Health professions and related programs	2,860	345	2,500	10	0	350
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	10	75	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,040	260	1,770	10	0	265
12. Personal and culinary services	1,215	155	1,065	0	0	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	40	320	0	0	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	60	390	10	0	65
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	47,550	8,945	38,300	275	30	9,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,355	5,065	17,140	120	35	5,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	25,200	3,885	21,160	160	0	3,960
Location of study inside Canada	24,000	3,435	20,460	105	0	3,490
Same as province or territory of residence	23,005	2,915	19,980	110	0	2,965
Different than province or territory of residence	995	520	475	0	0	515
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	1,200	455	700	50	0	480
United States^Footnote 130	255	145	110	0	0	145
Philippines	15	15	0	0	0	15
India	20	25	0	0	0	20
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	150	140	10	0	0	145
China^Footnote 132	20	10	0	0	0	15
France	370	0	365	0	0	0
Other	365	120	215	35	0	135
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	47,550	8,950	38,295	275	30	not applicable ...
In the labour force	28,875	5,025	23,660	170	25	not applicable ...
Employed	27,275	4,715	22,385	155	25	not applicable ...
Unemployed	1,600	310	1,275	20	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	18,675	3,920	14,640	105	10	not applicable ...
Participation rate	60.7	56.1	61.8	61.8	83.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	57.4	52.7	58.5	56.4	83.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.5	6.2	5.4	11.8	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	47,555	8,950	38,300	275	30	9,085
Did not work^Footnote 135	16,915	3,630	13,190	80	10	3,670
Worked	30,640	5,320	25,105	195	15	5,415
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	14,000	2,485	11,450	60	0	2,520
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	16,635	2,830	13,660	135	15	2,895
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.1	42.3	35.3	38.1	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	31,465	5,490	25,745	200	25	5,595
a.Management	3,820	625	3,125	60	15	650
00 Senior management occupations	585	55	525	0	0	60
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	780	105	670	0	0	110
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,115	220	875	20	0	230
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,345	245	1,055	25	15	255
b.Professional	4,410	630	3,750	25	0	645
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	770	85	680	10	0	85
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	680	105	580	0	0	105
30 Professional occupations in nursing	355	45	310	0	0	45
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	415	30	375	0	0	35
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,130	225	910	0	0	225
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	615	55	555	0	0	55
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	440	90	340	10	0	90
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,140	455	2,660	20	0	465
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	785	140	645	0	0	140
32 Technical occupations in health	595	50	545	0	0	55
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	915	140	770	10	0	140
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	170	20	155	0	0	20
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	665	110	550	10	0	115
d.Administration and administrative support	3,045	560	2,475	10	0	570
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,550	245	1,295	10	0	250
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	270	50	225	0	0	45
14 Office support occupations	755	190	565	0	0	190
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	470	85	385	0	0	80
e.Sales	3,045	410	2,615	25	0	425
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	375	60	315	0	0	65
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,265	185	1,065	10	0	190
66 Sales support occupations	1,410	170	1,235	10	0	175
f.Personal and customer information services	5,225	1,000	4,190	25	0	1,020
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	550	100	450	0	0	100
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	480	115	365	0	0	115
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,005	175	825	10	10	175
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,325	200	1,115	10	0	205
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,850	420	1,435	0	0	420
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,650	415	2,225	10	0	420
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,625	215	1,405	10	0	215
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,025	205	825	0	0	200
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,300	490	1,805	0	0	490
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	465	125	340	0	0	125
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,415	275	1,135	10	0	280
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	415	90	330	0	0	90
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,210	335	865	10	10	340
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	70	95	0	0	70
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	650	150	495	0	0	150
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	400	115	270	10	0	120
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,620	560	2,035	20	0	575
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	330	50	280	0	0	45
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	925	205	705	20	0	215
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	520	40	485	0	0	35
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	840	275	570	0	0	270
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	31,465	5,495	25,745	200	25	5,595
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,085	440	1,585	35	20	460
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,900	400	1,445	40	20	420
113 Forestry and logging	60	10	50	0	0	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	125	30	90	0	0	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	25	60	0	0	25
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	80	20	65	0	0	15
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	75	10	65	0	0	10
221 Utilities	75	10	65	0	0	10
23 Construction	2,045	305	1,745	0	0	300
236 Construction of buildings	660	95	565	0	0	95
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	205	15	195	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,180	195	985	0	0	195
31-33 Manufacturing	5,320	970	4,315	40	0	990
311 Food manufacturing	730	140	585	0	0	140
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	90	20	75	0	0	15
313 Textile mills	155	20	135	0	0	15
314 Textile product mills	70	10	45	10	0	15
315 Clothing manufacturing	135	10	115	0	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	445	115	320	10	0	120
322 Paper manufacturing	80	25	60	0	0	25
323 Printing and related support activities	105	10	95	0	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	30	0	30	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	420	135	265	10	0	140
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	580	175	410	0	0	175
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	125	15	115	0	0	15
331 Primary metal manufacturing	55	10	45	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	340	50	290	0	0	50
333 Machinery manufacturing	185	40	140	0	0	45
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	450	45	405	0	0	45
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	160	10	150	10	0	15
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	525	60	460	0	0	60
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	485	55	425	0	0	55
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	175	25	150	0	0	25
41 Wholesale trade	1,120	175	945	0	0	175
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	10	20	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	245	15	230	0	0	15
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	160	40	120	0	0	40
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	65	15	50	0	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	120	15	105	0	0	20
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	305	45	255	0	0	50
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	175	35	140	0	0	30
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	30	10	20	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,850	580	3,240	30	0	595
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	430	65	365	0	0	60
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	80	0	75	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	55	0	45	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	435	80	355	0	0	80
445 Food and beverage stores	1,285	170	1,105	10	0	175
446 Health and personal care stores	350	35	315	10	0	40
447 Gasoline stations	100	25	80	0	0	20
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	235	25	210	0	0	30
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	140	30	115	0	0	25
452 General merchandise stores	425	85	335	10	0	90
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	240	40	195	10	0	45
454 Non-store retailers	70	25	45	0	0	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,190	270	920	10	0	270
481 Air transportation	75	10	65	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	35	0	30	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	525	90	435	0	0	90
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	235	60	175	0	0	60
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	0	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	120	40	70	0	0	45
491 Postal service	110	30	85	0	0	30
492 Couriers and messengers	30	15	20	0	0	10
493 Warehousing and storage	40	15	25	0	0	15
51 Information and cultural industries	405	60	340	0	0	60
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	85	10	75	0	0	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	120	15	105	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	50	10	50	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	85	15	65	0	0	20
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0
519 Other information services	60	20	35	0	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	715	105	610	0	0	100
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	340	55	285	0	0	50
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	120	10	110	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	255	35	215	0	0	35
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	390	35	345	10	0	40
531 Real estate	340	40	295	10	0	40
532 Rental and leasing services	50	0	50	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,735	285	1,440	10	0	290
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,735	285	1,440	0	0	290
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,265	355	910	0	0	355
561 Administrative and support services	1,150	340	805	10	0	340
562 Waste management and remediation services	115	10	100	0	0	15
61 Educational services	1,880	405	1,465	10	0	410
611 Educational services	1,875	400	1,465	10	0	405
62 Health care and social assistance	3,460	455	2,985	20	0	460
621 Ambulatory health care services	980	140	845	0	0	135
622 Hospitals	910	35	865	10	0	40
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	755	160	595	0	0	160
624 Social assistance	810	125	680	0	0	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	930	180	745	10	0	180
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	270	45	215	0	0	50
712 Heritage institutions	80	25	55	0	0	25
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	580	105	475	0	0	105
72 Accommodation and food services	2,090	380	1,680	30	0	390
721 Accommodation services	390	110	275	0	0	105
722 Food services and drinking places	1,705	270	1,400	30	0	285
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,485	295	1,190	0	0	295
811 Repair and maintenance	615	105	510	0	0	105
812 Personal and laundry services	455	100	360	0	0	100
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	335	70	270	0	0	70
814 Private households	75	25	55	0	0	20
91 Public administration	1,315	155	1,155	0	0	155
911 Federal government public administration	495	50	445	0	0	50
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	255	20	235	0	0	20
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	565	90	470	10	0	95
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	27,275	4,715	22,385	150	25	4,790
Worked at home	3,160	635	2,485	35	0	655
Worked outside Canada	105	65	40	0	0	65
No fixed workplace address	2,570	520	2,045	0	0	520
Worked at usual place	21,440	3,490	17,815	110	25	3,545
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	31,465	5,490	25,750	200	25	5,595
English	3,940	2,925	995	25	0	2,935
French	25,195	1,850	23,260	80	10	1,895
Non-official language	70	0	20	20	20	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	70	10	20	20	20	15
English and French	2,205	700	1,440	65	0	735
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	20	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	10	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	31,465	5,490	25,750	200	25	5,590
None	18,760	2,545	16,060	130	25	2,610
English	10,175	1,375	8,760	40	0	1,390
French	2,350	1,545	765	30	0	1,560
Non-official language	100	10	85	10	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	0	80	0	0	10
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	10	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,440	3,490	17,820	110	25	3,550
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,560	1,220	6,310	20	10	1,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,560	1,460	5,035	50	15	1,485
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,265	780	6,435	40	0	800
Commute to a different province or territory	55	30	30	0	0	30
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	24,010	4,010	19,865	115	25	4,070
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20,770	3,405	17,265	90	10	3,450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	935	230	690	10	15	230
Public transit	255	45	210	0	0	40
Walked	1,575	250	1,310	15	0	260
Bicycle	200	25	170	0	0	25
Other method	285	60	220	10	0	60
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	24,010	4,010	19,860	115	25	4,065
Less than 15 minutes	9,690	1,660	7,985	40	10	1,675
15 to 29 minutes	7,695	1,430	6,210	40	15	1,450
30 to 44 minutes	3,430	495	2,920	15	0	505
45 to 59 minutes	1,285	140	1,125	10	0	150
60 minutes and over	1,915	290	1,620	0	0	290
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	24,010	4,010	19,865	115	25	4,070
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,595	255	1,335	10	0	260
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,110	975	4,095	20	20	985
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,390	1,190	6,165	35	0	1,210
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,160	675	3,480	10	0	675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,105	320	1,750	30	10	335
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,650	595	3,040	20	0	605
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	56,110	10,255	45,445	370	30	10,440
Non-movers	49,590	9,010	40,225	345	15	9,180
Movers	6,515	1,245	5,225	30	20	1,260
Non-migrants	2,930	615	2,295	15	0	625
Migrants	3,585	630	2,930	10	15	635
Internal migrants	3,430	595	2,820	10	0	600
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	535	2,785	10	0	540
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	35	0	0	60
External migrants	160	35	110	0	15	35
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	53,875	9,925	43,565	355	30	10,100
Non-movers	35,025	6,755	28,015	245	10	6,875
Movers	18,850	3,170	15,550	110	25	3,225
Non-migrants	7,515	1,270	6,210	40	0	1,290
Migrants	11,330	1,900	9,340	70	25	1,935
Internal migrants	10,970	1,805	9,110	50	0	1,830
Intraprovincial migrants	10,625	1,590	8,985	45	10	1,615
Interprovincial migrants	345	215	125	10	0	215
External migrants	365	95	230	20	20	110

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Brome-Missisquoi

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.