Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Drummond

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,460
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	100,090	1,260	98,140	395	295	1,455
0 to 14 years	17,595	100	17,310	80	100	145
0 to 4 years	5,695	30	5,575	30	55	50
5 to 9 years	6,240	25	6,165	30	20	45
10 to 14 years	5,660	40	5,570	25	25	50
15 to 64 years	65,415	945	64,075	275	120	1,085
15 to 19 years	5,795	70	5,640	55	30	95
20 to 24 years	5,490	85	5,380	30	0	95
25 to 29 years	5,570	90	5,450	25	0	100
30 to 34 years	6,070	60	5,990	15	10	70
35 to 39 years	7,280	75	7,145	50	10	100
40 to 44 years	6,135	85	5,960	55	35	115
45 to 49 years	6,115	105	5,995	10	10	110
50 to 54 years	7,520	115	7,370	25	10	130
55 to 59 years	7,910	120	7,775	10	10	120
60 to 64 years	7,530	140	7,370	10	15	145
65 years and over	17,085	210	16,760	35	75	230
65 to 69 years	6,770	105	6,640	0	15	105
70 to 74 years	4,905	60	4,815	10	15	65
75 to 79 years	2,665	25	2,600	10	25	30
80 to 84 years	1,560	15	1,530	10	10	20
85 years and over	1,180	10	1,165	10	0	10
85 to 89 years	770	0	760	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	330	10	325	0	0	10
95 to 99 years	65	0	65	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Average age	41.0	45.1	41.0	32.3	36.7	not applicable ...
Median age	41.6	48.3	41.6	30.6	37.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	82,495	1,160	80,830	310	190	1,315
Married or living common law	48,690	640	47,780	150	115	715
Married	25,755	410	25,100	130	105	475
Living common law	22,935	230	22,685	20	0	240
Not married and not living common law	33,810	515	33,050	160	80	600
Never married	22,930	320	22,445	125	40	385
Separated	960	15	945	0	0	15
Divorced	6,235	140	6,055	25	15	155
Widowed	3,680	40	3,600	10	25	45
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	82,495	1,160	80,830	315	190	1,315
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,390	1,140	78,815	280	160	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,157	31,671	38,322	32,438	13,111	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,401	23,888	30,644	23,543	13,408	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,415	1,135	78,835	280	160	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	27,178	32,265	27,645	12,785	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,643	22,777	27,776	22,196	13,408	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,165	915	68,960	235	60	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,500	30,758	35,595	32,992	8,905	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,279	22,001	27,417	30,248	3,482	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,995	940	62,670	230	165	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,008	8,401	9,027	5,875	9,715	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,040	6,892	8,058	2,831	10,179	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,230	740	56,245	215	35	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,639	31,329	34,707	32,034	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,264	23,115	29,395	26,426	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	81.2	78.3	81.3	86.9	27.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	64.6	64.2	64.6	74.1	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	18.8	21.9	18.7	14.9	71.9	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	82,495	1,160	80,830	315	190	1,315
Without total income	2,105	20	2,020	35	35	35
With total income	80,390	1,140	78,815	280	165	1,275
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.3	97.5	88.9	86.8	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,190	165	8,910	45	too unreliable to be published F	190
$10,000 to $19,999	16,470	280	16,060	65	too unreliable to be published F	315
$20,000 to $29,999	13,995	245	13,685	45	too unreliable to be published F	265
$30,000 to $39,999	11,925	145	11,755	15	too unreliable to be published F	155
$40,000 to $49,999	10,645	110	10,500	25	too unreliable to be published F	125
$50,000 to $59,999	6,710	65	6,615	35	too unreliable to be published F	80
$60,000 to $69,999	3,920	45	3,845	30	too unreliable to be published F	60
$70,000 to $79,999	2,860	20	2,835	10	too unreliable to be published F	25
$80,000 to $89,999	1,565	30	1,525	10	too unreliable to be published F	35
$90,000 to $99,999	890	0	890	0	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	2,225	20	2,205	0	too unreliable to be published F	20
$100,000 to $149,999	1,525	10	1,520	0	too unreliable to be published F	10
$150,000 and over	700	10	685	0	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	82,495	1,160	80,835	310	195	1,315
Without after-tax income	2,080	20	2,000	30	30	35
With after-tax income	80,415	1,135	78,835	280	160	1,280
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.8	97.5	90.3	82.1	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,510	170	9,215	50	too unreliable to be published F	200
$10,000 to $19,999	17,375	320	16,935	70	too unreliable to be published F	350
$20,000 to $29,999	17,295	260	16,965	45	too unreliable to be published F	285
$30,000 to $39,999	15,290	170	15,080	20	too unreliable to be published F	180
$40,000 to $49,999	9,980	105	9,815	70	too unreliable to be published F	135
$50,000 to $59,999	5,240	55	5,160	15	too unreliable to be published F	70
$60,000 to $69,999	2,710	35	2,670	10	too unreliable to be published F	35
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	15	1,175	10	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 and over	1,830	10	1,815	0	too unreliable to be published F	10
$80,000 to $89,999	625	0	625	0	too unreliable to be published F	0
$90,000 to $99,999	365	0	365	0	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	840	10	825	0	too unreliable to be published F	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	82,495	1,160	80,830	310	195	1,315
Without employment income	25,260	420	24,585	95	155	465
With employment income	57,230	740	56,245	210	35	845
Percentage with employment income	69.4	63.8	69.6	67.7	17.9	64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,185	90	7,065	30	too unreliable to be published F	105
$5,000 to $9,999	4,490	70	4,390	20	too unreliable to be published F	80
$10,000 to $19,999	9,160	165	8,955	25	too unreliable to be published F	180
$20,000 to $29,999	8,355	130	8,185	35	too unreliable to be published F	145
$30,000 to $39,999	8,430	100	8,320	20	too unreliable to be published F	105
$40,000 to $49,999	6,990	75	6,900	15	too unreliable to be published F	85
$50,000 to $59,999	4,270	50	4,190	35	too unreliable to be published F	70
$60,000 to $69,999	2,825	30	2,785	15	too unreliable to be published F	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,210	10	2,185	10	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 and over	3,300	30	3,265	0	too unreliable to be published F	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,080	15	1,060	0	too unreliable to be published F	20
$90,000 to $99,999	655	0	655	0	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	1,565	15	1,550	0	too unreliable to be published F	20
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	82,495	1,160	80,830	310	190	1,315
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	25,970	335	25,555	80	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	40,853	35,755	40,891	50,006	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	47,119	38,801	47,233	46,588	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,455
English only	175	175	0	0	0	180
French only	71,910	0	71,910	0	0	0
English and French	27,700	1,080	26,225	395	0	1,280
Neither English nor French	300	0	0	0	295	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	100,090	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,455
English	850	710	140	0	0	710
French	97,170	430	96,740	0	0	435
Non-official language	1,165	25	605	240	295	145
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,170	25	605	240	295	145
English and French	390	75	185	130	0	140
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	20
French and non-official language	465	0	470	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	10	20	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	100,090	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,455
None	95,395	640	94,275	200	285	740
English	3,075	220	2,850	0	0	225
French	915	360	420	125	10	425
Non-official language	585	15	540	25	10	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	15	540	25	0	25
English and French	45	0	10	35	0	20
English and non-official language	55	0	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,455
English	1,170	1,130	40	0	0	1,130
French	96,260	10	96,255	0	0	10
Non-official language	2,080	75	1,450	265	295	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,085	75	1,455	260	295	205
English and French	355	30	210	115	0	90
English and non-official language	15	15	0	0	0	15
French and non-official language	185	0	190	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,460
Official languages	99,785	1,260	98,140	390	0	1,455
English	27,880	1,255	26,225	390	0	1,455
French	99,610	1,080	98,135	395	0	1,275
Non-official languages	4,510	145	3,790	280	295	285
Aboriginal languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,490	135	3,775	280	295	280
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	100,095	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,455
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,145	15	1,125	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,085	20	1,065	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	525	10	510	0	0	10
Métis	525	10	515	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	35	0	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	45	0	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,945	1,245	97,015	395	295	1,435
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,455
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	280	15	265	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	99,810	1,250	97,880	395	295	1,440
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	100,095	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	880	25	855	0	0	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	865	30	835	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	745	30	715	0	0	30
Métis single ancestry	110	0	115	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	2,850	55	2,775	15	0	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,805	55	2,730	15	0	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,635	50	2,575	0	0	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	10	140	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	45	0	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	0	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	96,355	1,175	94,515	375	295	1,365
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	295	1,455
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	98,755	1,165	97,165	325	100	1,330
Canadian citizens only	97,795	1,105	96,360	255	85	1,230
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	960	60	805	80	20	100
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,335	95	985	65	190	130
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	100,090	1,260	98,145	390	300	1,455
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	97,055	1,080	95,755	165	50	1,160
Immigrants^Footnote 42	2,905	155	2,280	220	245	270
Before 1981	480	45	405	25	0	60
1981 to 1990	275	30	230	10	10	35
1991 to 2000	435	15	380	30	10	30
2001 to 2010	1,025	30	800	120	75	95
2001 to 2005	480	25	365	70	15	60
2006 to 2010	550	10	430	50	60	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	690	35	465	35	150	55
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	130	20	105	0	0	25
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	2,905	155	2,285	220	245	265
Under 5 years	435	20	380	25	25	25
5 to 14 years	610	35	470	50	60	60
15 to 24 years	470	25	405	25	15	40
25 to 44 years	1,130	75	890	115	60	125
45 years and over	250	10	145	0	95	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	2,910	155	2,285	220	240	265
Americas	930	60	700	110	55	120
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	510	0	405	60	50	30
El Salvador	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	75	0	80	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	15	0	0	10
Peru	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	145	60	75	0	0	65
Other places of birth in Americas	140	0	95	40	0	20
Europe	890	30	810	40	10	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	0	75	15	0	10
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	395	0	390	0	0	0
Germany	65	10	50	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	0	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	0	15	0	0	10
Poland	15	0	10	10	0	0
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	225	10	205	15	0	15
Africa	595	0	515	40	40	20
Algeria	50	0	45	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	80	0	70	0	10	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	0	375	20	30	10
Asia	500	70	260	30	140	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	180	25	100	25	35	30
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	65	0	40	0	30	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	25	0	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	15	0	0	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	65	0	0	0	65	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	15	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	15	70	0	10	20
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	690	35	465	35	155	50
Americas	110	0	65	20	20	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	0	25	10	15	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	20	10	0	0
Europe	75	10	65	0	0	10
France	55	0	55	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	320	0	285	0	35	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	50	0	25	0	20	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	0	20	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	20	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	0	190	0	10	0
Asia	180	20	55	0	105	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	45	0	25	0	15	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	0	20	0	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	15	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	65	0	0	0	65	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	100,090	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,460
First generation^Footnote 71	3,135	195	2,470	225	245	310
Second generation^Footnote 72	3,070	180	2,785	65	45	215
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	93,880	880	92,890	105	10	935
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	2,455	110	1,905	195	245	210
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	750	45	615	85	0	85
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	370	15	300	55	0	45
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	385	30	310	35	10	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	640	60	515	15	55	70
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,055	10	775	85	185	55
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	100,090	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,460
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,385	75	1,855	195	255	170
South Asian^Footnote 83	20	0	20	0	0	0
Chinese	230	25	130	35	40	45
Black	700	0	640	25	30	15
Filipino	15	15	0	0	0	15
Latin American	700	0	510	120	65	65
Arab	420	10	290	10	120	15
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	175	15	145	10	0	20
West Asian^Footnote 85	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	35	0	35	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	30	0	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	35	0	35	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	97,705	1,185	96,290	195	35	1,280
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	100,095	1,260	98,145	395	295	1,455
North American Aboriginal origins	3,730	85	3,630	15	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,440	80	3,355	0	0	80
Inuit	45	0	40	0	0	0
Métis	315	10	300	10	0	10
Other North American origins	80,150	670	79,400	70	10	700
Acadian	390	15	375	0	0	15
American	545	40	495	0	0	40
Canadian	77,415	630	76,705	70	10	665
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,730	15	2,720	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	30,150	780	29,185	175	15	870
British Isles origins	6,445	570	5,800	75	0	605
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,410	275	1,115	20	0	290
Irish	4,420	240	4,150	25	0	255
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,315	170	1,110	30	0	185
Welsh	35	20	10	0	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	55	10	25	15	0	15
French origins	24,105	255	23,765	85	0	295
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	130	0	130	0	0	0
Corsican	20	0	20	0	0	0
French	23,975	255	23,635	85	0	295
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,045	140	1,875	25	0	150
Austrian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	485	10	475	0	0	10
Dutch	125	35	90	0	0	30
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,145	100	1,015	25	0	110
Luxembourger	15	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	395	10	375	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	35	120	0	0	40
Danish	25	10	20	0	0	10
Finnish	30	20	15	0	0	20
Icelandic	30	10	15	0	0	10
Norwegian	25	0	20	0	0	10
Swedish	45	20	25	0	0	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	20	0	25	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	440	25	385	20	10	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	15	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	10	45	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	10	145	10	0	15
Romanian	60	10	45	0	0	0
Russian	55	10	50	0	0	10
Slovak	25	10	10	10	0	15
Ukrainian	115	10	110	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	1,500	45	1,375	70	10	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	0	50	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	0	105	0	0	0
Italian	850	25	800	30	0	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	0	135	0	0	0
Serbian	45	0	25	10	10	10
Sicilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	275	20	220	35	0	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	50	0	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	0	95	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	55	0	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	45	0	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	330	10	315	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	0	40	0	0	0
Dominican	50	0	45	0	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	230	0	230	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	940	0	735	130	75	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	0	15	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	0	15	0	0	0
Colombian	650	0	520	70	60	35
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	0	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	0	75	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	0	25	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	0	25	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	860	0	775	40	40	25
Central and West African origins	215	0	190	0	25	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	90	0	90	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	0	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	0	40	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	30	0	0	0	25	0
North African origins	345	0	320	15	10	10
Algerian	110	0	110	0	0	0
Berber	40	0	40	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	0	50	10	0	0
Libyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	125	0	105	0	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	0	45	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	10	105	25	0	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	105	0	75	25	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	170	0	165	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	165	0	165	0	0	0
Asian origins	920	85	630	50	150	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	400	25	270	0	105	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	115	0	70	0	40	0
Armenian	45	0	35	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	0	20	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	10	55	0	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	80	0	30	10	50	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	15	0	0	0
Turk	50	0	45	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	0	25	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	500	60	340	50	45	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	0	95	10	0	10
Chinese	240	25	145	35	40	40
Filipino	15	15	0	0	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	0	30	0	0	0
Laotian	45	0	40	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	0	40	0	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	0	20	0	0	10
Australian	15	0	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	82,495	1,160	80,835	310	190	1,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,165	280	19,665	55	155	315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	18,560	335	18,125	80	20	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,770	545	43,040	170	15	625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,975	150	17,800	20	0	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	13,095	120	12,965	10	0	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	4,880	35	4,835	10	0	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,675	210	14,405	50	10	235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	40	2,175	10	0	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,890	140	8,660	90	0	185
Bachelor's degree	6,500	80	6,380	45	0	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	10	665	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	10	290	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,245	35	1,190	25	0	50
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	155	0	135	15	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	82,495	1,160	80,835	310	195	1,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	38,725	620	37,790	140	175	690
Education	3,470	25	3,440	0	0	30
13. Education	3,475	25	3,440	10	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,210	20	1,180	10	0	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	0	240	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	965	20	940	0	0	25
Humanities	1,880	20	1,835	20	10	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	0	155	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	30	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,115	0	1,105	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	0	70	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	0	140	0	0	0
54. History	95	0	95	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	235	0	225	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,950	40	2,900	10	0	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	250	0	250	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,185	0	1,175	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	420	10	415	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	140	0	135	0	0	0
42. Psychology	510	10	500	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	415	15	395	0	0	15
Business, management and public administration	9,245	105	9,095	45	0	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	10	360	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,865	90	8,720	50	0	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	765	20	735	0	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	10	220	0	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	0	135	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	130	0	130	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	220	0	210	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,040	25	1,015	10	0	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	905	15	885	10	0	20
25. Library science	80	0	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	0	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	15	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,110	115	11,945	40	10	135
04. Architecture and related services	160	0	155	0	10	0
14. Engineering	910	20	870	25	0	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,275	25	2,245	10	0	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,920	20	2,895	0	0	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,805	35	2,765	10	0	35
48. Precision production	3,040	15	3,020	0	0	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,505	35	1,460	0	0	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,270	20	1,245	0	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	15	215	0	0	15
Health and related fields	5,460	90	5,345	20	0	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	10	275	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,115	80	5,015	15	0	90
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	10	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,115	50	4,060	0	0	50
12. Personal and culinary services	2,495	25	2,470	0	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	580	10	575	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,025	20	1,010	0	0	20
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	82,495	1,160	80,830	310	195	1,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,725	620	37,795	140	175	690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	43,770	540	43,040	170	15	630
Location of study inside Canada	43,005	480	42,425	95	0	525
Same as province or territory of residence	42,555	390	42,070	85	10	435
Different than province or territory of residence	450	85	355	10	0	90
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	760	60	615	75	0	100
United States^Footnote 130	100	20	80	0	0	25
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	50	15	10	15	10	25
France	225	10	215	10	0	10
Other	385	10	315	55	0	40
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	82,495	1,160	80,835	310	190	not applicable ...
In the labour force	52,925	650	52,045	210	20	not applicable ...
Employed	49,320	600	48,535	185	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,605	50	3,510	30	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	29,570	510	28,785	95	175	not applicable ...
Participation rate	64.2	56.0	64.4	67.7	10.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	59.8	51.7	60.0	59.7	5.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.7	6.7	14.3	50.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	82,495	1,160	80,835	310	195	1,315
Did not work^Footnote 135	27,735	465	26,995	100	170	515
Worked	54,765	690	53,835	210	20	795
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	26,345	335	25,920	85	0	380
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	28,410	355	27,910	125	15	420
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	41.9	43.0	39.6	24.3	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	56,125	730	55,155	225	20	835
a.Management	5,070	100	4,950	20	0	110
00 Senior management occupations	765	0	765	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,035	25	1,005	10	0	25
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,765	30	1,720	15	0	40
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,505	45	1,460	0	0	45
b.Professional	6,420	60	6,330	30	0	75
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,115	10	1,105	0	0	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	990	0	985	10	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	780	10	765	10	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	615	10	605	0	0	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,860	20	1,820	20	0	30
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	755	0	750	0	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	300	0	300	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,015	40	5,955	15	0	45
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,580	10	1,555	15	0	15
32 Technical occupations in health	1,135	15	1,115	0	0	20
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,000	10	1,990	0	0	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	310	0	305	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	985	0	985	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	6,150	110	6,020	15	0	115
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,770	20	2,735	10	0	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	490	0	485	0	0	10
14 Office support occupations	1,540	30	1,510	0	0	25
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,350	50	1,290	0	0	55
e.Sales	5,445	55	5,370	25	0	65
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	720	10	705	0	0	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,290	25	2,250	10	0	30
66 Sales support occupations	2,450	20	2,415	10	0	30
f.Personal and customer information services	9,720	145	9,505	65	0	175
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	965	0	945	15	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	840	15	810	10	0	25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,950	30	1,915	10	0	35
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,530	40	2,470	20	0	50
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,430	55	3,355	15	0	65
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	5,885	75	5,810	0	0	75
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,620	45	3,580	0	0	40
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,265	35	2,230	0	0	35
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,590	55	4,515	20	0	65
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,210	10	1,195	10	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,690	40	2,635	15	0	50
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	685	0	690	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,475	45	1,415	10	0	50
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	10	125	10	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,035	25	1,000	10	0	25
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	305	15	290	0	0	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,355	50	5,280	15	10	55
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	575	0	570	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,790	20	1,760	15	0	20
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,095	10	1,085	0	0	15
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,885	10	1,860	0	0	20
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	56,125	725	55,150	230	20	840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,340	75	2,260	10	0	75
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	2,225	75	2,145	0	0	75
113 Forestry and logging	45	0	50	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	70	0	70	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	0	135	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	105	0	105	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	35	0	30	0	0	0
22 Utilities	210	0	210	0	0	0
221 Utilities	210	0	210	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,795	30	3,760	0	0	30
236 Construction of buildings	1,220	10	1,215	0	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	395	0	390	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,185	20	2,160	0	0	20
31-33 Manufacturing	11,465	145	11,270	40	10	165
311 Food manufacturing	1,500	10	1,485	10	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	50	0	50	10	0	0
313 Textile mills	140	0	140	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	110	0	115	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	130	0	130	0	10	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	525	0	530	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	915	20	880	15	0	25
323 Printing and related support activities	625	15	610	0	0	15
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	190	0	195	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	280	0	275	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	730	10	720	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	355	0	345	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	240	0	240	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,700	30	1,660	10	10	30
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,300	25	1,275	0	0	30
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	70	0	70	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	395	0	390	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,295	10	1,275	0	0	15
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	415	10	410	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	485	10	475	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,690	55	2,615	10	10	60
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	45	0	45	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	0	25	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	410	0	410	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	315	20	300	0	0	15
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	510	10	500	0	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	345	10	335	10	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	525	20	495	0	10	20
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	470	10	455	10	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	0	45	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,155	90	7,030	35	0	105
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	960	0	955	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	255	0	255	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	220	10	205	10	0	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	690	0	685	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,750	30	1,710	15	0	30
446 Health and personal care stores	790	10	775	10	0	15
447 Gasoline stations	220	0	215	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	610	15	600	0	0	15
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	230	10	230	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	850	10	835	10	0	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	415	0	415	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	160	0	155	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,700	50	2,630	25	0	60
481 Air transportation	15	0	10	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	35	0	25	10	0	10
483 Water transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,680	30	1,635	20	0	40
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	370	0	365	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	225	0	220	0	0	10
491 Postal service	145	0	150	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	210	10	195	0	0	15
493 Warehousing and storage	25	0	25	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	0	440	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	125	0	125	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	55	0	50	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	35	0	30	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	150	0	150	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	0	25	0	0	0
519 Other information services	50	0	50	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,355	10	1,340	10	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	570	0	570	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	95	10	90	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	680	0	675	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	475	0	475	10	0	0
531 Real estate	390	0	385	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	90	0	90	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,265	10	2,250	10	0	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,265	0	2,250	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,685	40	1,635	10	0	40
561 Administrative and support services	1,530	35	1,485	0	0	40
562 Waste management and remediation services	155	0	150	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,525	50	3,455	20	0	60
611 Educational services	3,530	50	3,455	25	0	60
62 Health care and social assistance	6,245	55	6,150	35	10	75
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,425	10	1,420	0	0	10
622 Hospitals	1,910	15	1,875	20	0	30
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,145	20	1,115	10	0	25
624 Social assistance	1,765	0	1,745	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	950	15	935	0	0	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	210	0	200	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	165	0	160	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	580	10	575	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,090	65	4,000	20	0	80
721 Accommodation services	515	20	500	0	0	25
722 Food services and drinking places	3,570	50	3,500	20	0	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,610	10	2,600	0	0	15
811 Repair and maintenance	1,225	0	1,230	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	715	0	715	0	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	565	0	555	0	0	10
814 Private households	105	0	100	0	0	10
91 Public administration	1,990	25	1,965	0	0	25
911 Federal government public administration	585	0	580	0	0	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	515	10	510	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	885	10	875	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	49,320	600	48,535	185	10	690
Worked at home	3,220	90	3,110	25	0	100
Worked outside Canada	55	0	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,755	50	3,700	0	0	55
Worked at usual place	42,290	460	41,665	160	10	540
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	56,125	725	55,155	225	20	835
English	875	220	635	15	0	230
French	54,160	450	53,535	165	10	530
Non-official language	55	0	40	10	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	0	40	10	10	10
English and French	950	50	865	35	0	70
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	10	40	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	56,125	725	55,155	225	20	835
None	48,245	415	47,665	155	10	490
English	7,025	170	6,820	45	0	190
French	640	135	485	20	10	145
Non-official language	155	0	135	10	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	0	135	10	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	0	55	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,290	460	41,665	155	10	535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,450	265	26,065	115	0	320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,565	85	9,460	20	0	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,235	105	6,110	20	0	115
Commute to a different province or territory	35	10	30	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	46,045	510	45,370	155	10	595
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,300	435	40,725	140	0	505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,570	20	1,540	0	0	20
Public transit	390	10	365	10	0	10
Walked	1,975	35	1,940	0	0	35
Bicycle	430	10	430	0	0	0
Other method	380	15	365	0	0	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	46,045	515	45,365	155	10	595
Less than 15 minutes	22,435	255	22,105	80	0	295
15 to 29 minutes	15,635	165	15,405	60	0	195
30 to 44 minutes	4,045	40	3,990	10	0	50
45 to 59 minutes	1,960	20	1,930	0	0	25
60 minutes and over	1,970	30	1,940	0	10	30
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	46,045	515	45,370	155	10	590
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,565	35	2,525	0	0	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,995	130	8,835	30	0	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,840	150	15,645	50	0	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,795	80	7,675	40	0	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,405	20	3,365	15	0	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,455	100	7,315	30	0	115
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	99,015	1,250	97,115	375	275	1,440
Non-movers	86,050	995	84,560	335	160	1,160
Movers	12,970	260	12,555	45	120	275
Non-migrants	8,095	100	7,955	15	30	110
Migrants	4,870	155	4,600	25	85	165
Internal migrants	4,600	135	4,425	20	10	145
Intraprovincial migrants	4,535	125	4,385	20	10	135
Interprovincial migrants	60	15	45	0	10	10
External migrants	270	15	170	10	75	15
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	94,395	1,225	92,575	365	235	1,405
Non-movers	59,695	690	58,760	200	45	790
Movers	34,695	530	33,810	160	190	615
Non-migrants	20,985	255	20,620	85	20	300
Migrants	13,720	275	13,190	80	175	315
Internal migrants	13,085	235	12,775	55	20	265
Intraprovincial migrants	12,845	200	12,575	60	10	230
Interprovincial migrants	240	40	200	0	10	40
External migrants	630	35	410	25	155	50

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Drummond

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.