Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Vaughan, CY
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	304,145	287,010	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,630
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	304,145	287,015	2,280	2,685	12,160	3,625
0 to 14 years	57,490	55,075	285	875	1,255	720
0 to 4 years	16,295	14,990	60	40	1,210	80
5 to 9 years	20,070	19,515	115	410	30	320
10 to 14 years	21,125	20,570	110	430	15	325
15 to 64 years	205,005	198,830	1,485	1,535	3,160	2,250
15 to 19 years	21,155	20,725	135	270	20	270
20 to 24 years	20,335	20,015	75	200	55	175
25 to 29 years	17,130	16,865	55	110	95	115
30 to 34 years	16,870	16,545	130	95	105	170
35 to 39 years	19,380	18,950	140	150	135	220
40 to 44 years	23,325	22,780	150	150	245	225
45 to 49 years	25,360	24,595	215	145	410	285
50 to 54 years	24,375	23,515	285	130	445	355
55 to 59 years	20,800	19,780	170	140	705	240
60 to 64 years	16,280	15,065	130	135	950	195
65 years and over	41,645	33,105	515	280	7,750	655
65 to 69 years	14,790	13,180	145	85	1,380	185
70 to 74 years	9,415	7,640	100	75	1,595	135
75 to 79 years	8,240	6,350	135	50	1,705	155
80 to 84 years	5,205	3,485	90	30	1,600	105
85 years and over	4,000	2,445	45	35	1,470	65
85 to 89 years	2,650	1,690	30	20	905	40
90 to 94 years	1,140	665	0	20	445	15
95 to 99 years	175	70	10	0	95	10
100 years and over	35	20	0	0	20	0
Average age	38.9	37.8	46.2	32.5	63.6	not applicable ...
Median age	39.9	38.8	49.3	24.9	70.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	246,660	231,940	1,995	1,810	10,905	2,905
Married or living common law	153,830	144,340	1,470	1,030	6,985	1,985
Married	146,925	137,715	1,365	995	6,850	1,865
Living common law	6,900	6,625	100	40	135	125
Not married and not living common law	92,830	87,595	530	780	3,925	920
Never married	67,765	66,490	305	650	325	625
Separated	4,845	4,585	20	30	210	40
Divorced	9,345	8,775	100	45	415	130
Widowed	10,875	7,745	100	50	2,975	125
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	246,660	231,940	2,000	1,810	10,905	2,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	234,735	220,610	1,890	1,645	10,590	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,441	54,848	79,790	44,278	20,861	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,640	37,545	53,110	31,952	17,697	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	234,760	220,630	1,890	1,650	10,590	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,869	43,936	60,226	36,491	18,526	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,507	33,994	44,995	29,135	17,684	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	213,980	204,285	1,700	1,500	6,495	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,793	54,814	83,088	44,129	16,229	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,790	36,992	54,725	32,516	8,575	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	164,040	151,995	1,225	1,165	9,660	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,303	5,935	7,809	5,825	11,962	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,113	1,906	4,106	1,564	14,054	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	181,470	176,220	1,365	1,295	2,585	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,874	54,100	87,916	44,215	25,398	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,942	39,353	60,824	33,190	15,871	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	91.8	92.5	93.7	90.9	47.7	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	77.9	78.8	79.6	78.4	29.7	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	8.2	7.5	6.4	9.2	52.3	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	246,655	231,935	2,000	1,810	10,905	2,900
Without total income	11,920	11,335	105	160	315	190
With total income	234,740	220,610	1,890	1,650	10,590	2,715
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.1	94.5	91.2	97.1	93.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	37,125	34,170	250	345	2,355	420
$10,000 to $19,999	38,875	34,085	215	320	4,260	380
$20,000 to $29,999	28,455	26,050	170	140	2,095	240
$30,000 to $39,999	22,225	21,050	165	115	895	220
$40,000 to $49,999	20,375	19,625	120	190	440	210
$50,000 to $59,999	17,090	16,650	120	90	230	165
$60,000 to $69,999	14,060	13,735	155	85	90	200
$70,000 to $79,999	11,340	11,085	115	65	75	150
$80,000 to $89,999	9,210	9,035	90	55	35	120
$90,000 to $99,999	8,850	8,645	125	60	20	150
$100,000 and over	27,130	26,470	370	185	100	465
$100,000 to $149,999	17,435	17,030	205	135	70	270
$150,000 and over	9,690	9,445	165	50	35	190
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,810	10,910	2,905
Without after-tax income	11,895	11,305	110	160	320	190
With after-tax income	234,760	220,630	1,890	1,650	10,590	2,710
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.1	94.5	91.2	97.1	93.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	37,805	34,805	255	350	2,390	435
$10,000 to $19,999	40,510	35,695	220	325	4,275	385
$20,000 to $29,999	32,400	29,735	225	155	2,285	300
$30,000 to $39,999	26,640	25,380	175	175	905	260
$40,000 to $49,999	24,510	23,800	170	185	355	265
$50,000 to $59,999	19,055	18,595	180	115	170	235
$60,000 to $69,999	14,335	14,035	130	95	80	175
$70,000 to $79,999	12,270	12,010	170	60	30	205
$80,000 and over	27,230	26,580	365	190	95	455
$80,000 to $89,999	8,365	8,150	100	75	30	140
$90,000 to $99,999	5,220	5,090	70	30	20	85
$100,000 and over	13,650	13,335	190	85	45	235
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,810	10,905	2,905
Without employment income	65,185	55,720	635	515	8,320	890
With employment income	181,470	176,220	1,365	1,300	2,585	2,015
Percentage with employment income	73.6	76.0	68.3	71.8	23.7	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	20,185	19,500	115	195	385	205
$5,000 to $9,999	14,145	13,460	110	135	440	180
$10,000 to $19,999	23,620	22,665	120	165	670	200
$20,000 to $29,999	18,040	17,525	60	105	345	115
$30,000 to $39,999	16,415	15,945	95	125	250	155
$40,000 to $49,999	16,085	15,695	70	100	220	115
$50,000 to $59,999	13,595	13,300	110	85	105	150
$60,000 to $69,999	11,500	11,280	105	85	35	145
$70,000 to $79,999	9,265	9,070	90	70	40	125
$80,000 and over	38,620	37,790	495	225	105	605
$80,000 to $89,999	8,225	8,090	70	35	30	85
$90,000 to $99,999	8,115	7,940	110	50	15	135
$100,000 and over	22,280	21,760	315	145	60	390
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,810	10,910	2,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	91,690	89,735	715	545	695	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	60,665	60,812	84,306	64,626	31,775	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	76,527	76,677	101,334	69,224	37,323	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	304,145	287,010	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,630
English only	272,475	272,475	0	0	0	0
French only	130	0	130	0	0	135
English and French	19,135	14,300	2,145	2,685	0	3,490
Neither English nor French	12,410	240	0	0	12,160	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	304,145	287,015	2,280	2,690	12,160	3,630
English	194,900	193,790	1,110	0	0	1,110
French	665	45	625	0	0	625
Non-official language	78,395	63,755	140	2,335	12,160	1,305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	78,395	63,755	135	2,335	12,165	1,305
English and French	505	180	205	120	0	265
English and non-official language	29,070	29,030	40	0	0	35
French and non-official language	110	15	105	0	0	100
English, French and non-official language	500	200	70	235	0	185
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	304,145	287,010	2,280	2,690	12,165	3,630
None	219,790	206,360	1,130	1,130	11,170	1,690
English	32,065	30,000	320	1,250	495	950
French	1,740	1,215	495	25	0	510
Non-official language	49,120	48,295	250	85	485	295
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	49,105	48,290	255	85	485	295
English and French	175	15	10	155	0	85
English and non-official language	855	760	45	40	10	70
French and non-official language	395	370	30	0	0	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	304,145	287,015	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,625
English	137,935	137,930	0	0	0	10
French	1,990	175	1,815	0	0	1,815
Non-official language	152,680	137,870	155	2,490	12,165	1,400
Aboriginal	15	20	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	152,660	137,850	160	2,490	12,165	1,400
English and French	425	330	15	80	0	50
English and non-official language	10,420	10,420	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	345	80	270	0	0	265
English, French and non-official language	355	205	25	120	0	90
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	304,145	287,010	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,625
Official languages	291,735	286,775	2,280	2,685	0	3,625
English	291,605	286,775	2,145	2,685	0	3,485
French	19,265	14,300	2,275	2,685	0	3,620
Non-official languages	192,615	176,780	1,035	2,635	12,160	2,355
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	192,600	176,770	1,035	2,635	12,165	2,355
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	304,145	287,010	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,630
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	630	550	75	0	0	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	550	475	80	0	0	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	260	235	25	0	0	25
Métis	270	215	50	0	0	50
Inuk (Inuit)	20	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	80	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	303,515	286,455	2,210	2,690	12,165	3,550
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	304,145	287,015	2,280	2,685	12,165	3,625
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	250	240	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	303,895	286,770	2,270	2,690	12,160	3,615
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	304,145	287,010	2,280	2,685	12,160	3,630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	85	70	10	0	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	85	70	15	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	65	65	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	850	785	55	0	0	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	850	780	55	0	0	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	645	605	35	10	0	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	180	20	0	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	303,210	286,160	2,215	2,680	12,160	3,555
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	304,145	287,015	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,625
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	279,835	266,775	2,120	2,450	8,490	3,340
Canadian citizens only	251,710	240,950	1,765	1,710	7,285	2,620
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	28,125	25,825	350	740	1,205	725
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	24,315	20,235	165	235	3,670	285
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	304,145	287,015	2,285	2,685	12,160	3,630
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	159,300	155,895	1,165	1,025	1,220	1,670
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	140,960	127,600	1,090	1,630	10,630	1,905
Before 1981	44,155	39,655	520	255	3,720	655
1981 to 1990	19,485	18,125	100	180	1,075	195
1991 to 2000	33,955	31,500	135	445	1,870	360
2001 to 2010	32,580	29,605	230	585	2,150	530
2001 to 2005	18,815	17,270	165	340	1,040	335
2006 to 2010	13,760	12,330	70	245	1,115	195
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	10,790	8,720	100	155	1,815	175
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	3,880	3,515	30	30	305	50
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	140,960	127,600	1,095	1,630	10,635	1,910
Under 5 years	12,845	12,325	155	285	85	295
5 to 14 years	24,360	23,860	120	315	65	280
15 to 24 years	35,090	32,910	225	280	1,675	365
25 to 44 years	56,270	51,250	475	665	3,875	805
45 years and over	12,400	7,260	115	95	4,930	160
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	140,960	127,600	1,095	1,630	10,630	1,905
Americas	14,215	13,705	45	155	315	120
Brazil	540	475	10	55	10	30
Colombia	760	690	0	25	45	10
El Salvador	540	515	0	10	15	0
Guyana	2,100	2,100	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	0	30	0	0	35
Jamaica	2,095	2,095	0	0	0	0
Mexico	360	340	0	10	10	0
Peru	395	365	0	10	25	0
Trinidad and Tobago	820	820	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 47}	2,085	2,085	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	4,495	4,225	10	55	205	35
Europe	56,390	50,500	255	745	4,885	630
Bosnia and Herzegovina	245	235	0	0	10	0
Croatia	370	355	0	0	15	0
France	280	155	120	10	10	125
Germany	690	685	0	0	0	0
Greece	880	845	0	10	35	0
Hungary	480	455	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	75	75	0	0	0	0
Italy	25,375	22,025	45	135	3,175	115
Netherlands	120	125	0	0	0	0
Poland	1,460	1,390	0	20	55	10
Portugal	2,900	2,560	15	30	295	25
Romania	2,270	1,915	15	210	130	125
Russian Federation	7,260	6,715	10	115	425	70
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	335	295	0	15	20	10
Ukraine	5,665	5,190	0	65	405	35
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	1,815	1,810	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	6,150	5,675	40	130	310	100
Africa	5,980	5,150	635	150	45	710
Algeria	25	0	15	0	0	15
Egypt	645	540	80	15	15	85
Ethiopia	170	160	0	0	10	10
Kenya	325	330	0	0	0	0
Morocco	745	295	360	85	10	405
Nigeria	530	520	0	0	10	0
Somalia	95	95	0	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	1,770	1,765	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,665	1,430	180	45	10	200
Asia	64,065	57,940	160	575	5,390	450
Afghanistan	1,435	1,315	0	0	110	0
Bangladesh	380	375	0	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 51}	8,455	6,935	15	45	1,450	40
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	2,240	2,140	10	15	85	10
India	8,355	7,610	0	15	725	10
Iran^{Footnote 53}	4,890	4,465	10	130	290	75
Iraq	3,005	2,720	0	0	275	10
Japan	105	110	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	3,575	3,230	0	25	325	15
Lebanon	460	360	60	35	0	75
Pakistan	4,255	3,840	0	45	365	30
Philippines	5,915	5,845	10	10	50	15
Sri Lanka	3,150	2,865	0	25	255	10
Syria^{Footnote 55}	310	285	0	10	15	10
Taiwan	500	475	0	0	20	0
Viet Nam	5,140	4,145	0	30	965	15
Other places of birth in Asia	11,885	11,210	40	195	440	140
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	310	310	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	10,790	8,720	95	160	1,820	175
Americas	965	890	15	0	55	20
Brazil	100	95	10	0	10	0
Colombia	35	25	0	0	10	0
Cuba	25	10	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	85	85	0	0	0	0
Mexico	55	55	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 58}	310	305	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	30	25	10	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	325	295	0	10	25	0
Europe	1,750	1,220	20	45	470	35
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	25	30	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	145	110	0	0	30	0
Romania	110	30	0	30	45	15
Russian Federation	425	270	0	0	155	0
Ukraine	455	315	0	10	135	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	90	95	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	485	370	10	0	105	10
Africa	380	320	40	20	0	50
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	35	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	30	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	130	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	135	100	30	0	0	35
Asia	7,675	6,270	25	90	1,295	70
Afghanistan	90	75	0	0	20	0
Bangladesh	90	85	0	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 63}	1,635	1,035	0	10	595	10
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	35	35	0	0	0	0
India	810	705	0	10	100	10
Iran^{Footnote 65}	825	695	0	25	105	10
Iraq	345	275	0	0	70	0
Israel	510	470	0	30	15	15
Japan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	305	250	0	10	50	0
Lebanon	20	15	10	0	0	10
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	875	715	10	0	150	10
Philippines	955	935	10	0	10	10
Saudi Arabia	30	30	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	150	120	0	10	30	0
Syria^{Footnote 67}	95	85	0	0	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	115	100	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	65	65	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	190	130	0	0	50	10
Other places of birth in Asia	505	420	0	10	75	10
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	304,145	287,015	2,285	2,690	12,160	3,625
First generation^{Footnote 71}	146,180	132,395	1,125	1,680	10,975	1,965
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	107,495	104,930	440	995	1,130	935
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	50,470	49,685	720	15	50	730
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	99,150	90,035	595	1,385	7,140	1,280
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	52,565	49,710	380	1,055	1,420	905
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	20,195	19,025	175	375	620	360
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	32,370	30,685	205	685	795	540
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	29,355	24,560	180	215	4,390	290
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	16,180	14,840	30	110	1,205	85
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	1,050	920	0	0	125	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	304,145	287,015	2,285	2,685	12,160	3,630
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	107,685	100,005	455	1,075	6,145	995
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	30,615	28,645	40	345	1,585	210
Chinese	20,795	18,335	90	165	2,205	175
Black	8,325	8,150	110	50	15	130
Filipino	8,675	8,570	20	35	55	30
Latin American	7,355	6,965	10	105	280	55
Arab	4,285	3,945	120	60	160	145
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	6,850	6,110	20	45	675	50
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	8,695	7,995	20	190	490	115
Korean	5,345	4,865	0	35	435	15
Japanese	290	275	0	0	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	2,325	2,240	25	0	60	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	4,135	3,915	0	40	175	30
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	196,465	187,010	1,825	1,610	6,015	2,635
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	304,145	287,015	2,280	2,690	12,160	3,630
North American Aboriginal origins	935	855	70	10	0	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	720	670	40	10	0	40
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	220	190	30	0	0	35
Other North American origins	25,545	24,800	475	145	125	550
Acadian	35	20	15	0	0	15
American	1,985	1,975	0	0	0	10
Canadian	24,180	23,465	460	140	120	525
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	55	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	186,295	177,565	1,385	1,525	5,810	2,150
British Isles origins	20,370	20,115	225	15	15	235
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,575	11,435	115	15	20	120
Irish	7,185	7,055	130	0	0	130
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,775	6,720	60	0	0	55
Welsh	585	585	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	2,065	2,065	0	0	0	0
French origins	4,600	3,725	805	55	10	835
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,595	3,720	805	55	15	830
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,715	9,500	90	75	50	130
Austrian	1,565	1,545	0	15	15	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	290	255	30	0	10	30
Dutch	1,595	1,575	0	10	10	10
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	6,630	6,490	60	60	30	90
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	335	325	10	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	55	50	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	950	940	0	0	0	0
Danish	190	190	0	0	0	0
Finnish	210	215	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	55	55	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	210	210	0	0	0	10
Swedish	270	270	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	52,095	49,415	150	950	1,585	625
Bulgarian	725	670	0	40	15	20
Byelorussian	1,180	1,075	0	20	85	10
Czech	670	655	10	10	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	390	395	0	0	0	0
Estonian	225	220	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	3,500	3,415	0	45	30	25
Latvian	860	830	10	10	10	10
Lithuanian	2,100	2,075	0	0	25	0
Moldovan	715	630	10	25	45	20
Polish	18,270	17,970	70	105	120	125
Romanian	5,535	5,085	30	265	140	170
Russian	25,635	24,215	40	455	930	265
Slovak	495	485	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	9,570	8,795	10	230	540	125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	1,075	1,065	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	114,055	109,270	425	455	3,915	650
Albanian	1,190	1,100	10	0	70	15
Bosnian	125	120	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,505	1,470	0	10	25	0
Cypriot	180	180	0	0	0	0
Greek	5,065	4,985	30	10	40	35
Italian	94,725	90,960	240	245	3,275	360
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	1,010	1,000	0	0	10	0
Maltese	1,225	1,220	10	10	0	10
Montenegrin	15	20	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	9,145	8,710	25	75	335	65
Serbian	865	810	0	30	20	20
Sicilian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	645	635	0	0	10	0
Spanish	5,410	5,010	130	90	175	180
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	220	210	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	14,590	13,575	175	280	555	320
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	13,655	12,660	175	280	535	315
Roma (Gypsy)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	20	10	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	920	905	10	0	10	10
Caribbean origins	7,145	7,030	60	35	20	75
Antiguan	35	40	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	340	330	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Carib	25	25	0	0	0	0
Cuban	390	370	0	0	20	0
Dominican	350	340	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	160	165	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	55	20	35	0	0	35
Jamaican	3,905	3,875	10	25	0	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	790	785	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	175	170	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	1,140	1,125	15	0	0	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	295	300	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10,460	10,040	20	160	240	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	280	275	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	700	675	0	15	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	35	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	570	535	0	30	0	20
Chilean	520	495	0	10	15	10
Colombian	1,220	1,130	0	35	50	15
Costa Rican	130	115	0	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	1,940	1,860	0	20	60	10
Guatemalan	305	300	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	1,760	1,755	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	245	240	0	0	0	0
Honduran	120	115	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	730	680	10	20	20	15
Nicaraguan	340	325	0	0	15	0
Panamanian	35	40	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	15	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	565	530	0	10	20	10
Salvadorean	695	675	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	180	165	0	10	10	10
Venezuelan	250	235	15	0	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	520	510	0	0	10	10
African origins	9,830	8,985	620	150	75	690
Central and West African origins	1,725	1,650	30	35	10	50
Akan	30	15	0	0	0	10
Angolan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	20	20	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	50	40	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	15	20	0	0	25
Edo	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	720	715	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	210	200	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	480	470	0	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	35	35	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	120	120	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	65	50	0	15	0	0
North African origins	3,865	3,180	545	90	45	590
Algerian	55	20	35	0	0	35
Berber	70	15	25	25	0	40
Coptic	45	45	0	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	1,295	1,190	75	10	25	80
Libyan	45	45	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	2,280	1,810	390	55	30	420
Sudanese	50	45	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	275	155	110	0	10	110
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	2,725	2,655	40	20	10	50
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	55	55	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	195	195	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	285	280	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	85	85	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	60	35	15	10	0	20
Oromo	50	55	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	220	205	15	0	0	15
South African	1,530	1,520	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Zambian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	70	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	130	130	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,570	1,555	10	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	170	170	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	1,420	1,405	0	0	15	10
Asian origins	101,875	94,190	430	1,050	6,205	960
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	26,400	24,635	230	450	1,085	450
Afghan	2,310	2,160	0	45	110	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	925	855	30	25	10	45
Armenian	1,420	1,280	25	15	95	30
Assyrian	1,390	1,210	0	0	170	0
Azerbaijani	615	545	0	10	65	0
Georgian	325	300	0	0	25	0
Hazara	20	20	0	0	0	0
Iranian	6,685	6,115	30	185	355	125
Iraqi	3,135	2,985	0	10	140	0
Israeli	4,965	4,855	35	50	25	60
Jordanian	240	230	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	85	70	0	10	0	10
Kurd	570	520	0	0	35	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	55	40	0	0	10	0
Lebanese	1,110	970	85	40	15	100
Palestinian	525	510	0	10	0	10
Pashtun	80	80	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	40	45	0	0	0	0
Syrian	475	435	15	15	10	30
Tajik	50	45	0	0	0	0
Tatar	300	260	0	20	20	15
Turk	1,990	1,865	20	30	80	30
Turkmen	75	70	0	10	0	0
Uighur	20	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	225	210	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	330	320	0	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	790	740	10	10	45	10
South Asian origins	31,580	29,635	60	325	1,570	220
Bangladeshi	225	225	0	0	10	0
Bengali	160	160	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20,595	19,570	50	135	840	115
Goan	45	40	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	125	115	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	70	65	0	0	0	0
Nepali	50	50	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	4,570	4,160	0	85	315	50
Punjabi	1,485	1,300	0	25	160	10
Sinhalese	140	140	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	3,480	3,220	0	65	195	35
Tamil	1,265	1,160	0	15	100	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	1,765	1,600	10	15	145	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	44,870	40,865	145	295	3,560	295
Burmese	55	55	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	840	790	10	10	35	15
Chinese	24,130	21,465	100	190	2,370	195
Filipino	9,140	9,050	25	10	60	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	135	130	0	0	0	0
Japanese	510	475	0	15	20	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5,570	5,090	0	40	445	20
Laotian	325	285	0	20	15	15
Malaysian	140	145	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	275	265	0	10	10	0
Thai	135	130	0	0	10	0
Tibetan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	6,850	6,045	15	25	760	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	100	95	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	235	230	0	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	235	230	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	210	210	0	0	10	0
Australian	75	70	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	55	50	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	85	85	0	0	0	0
Fijian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,815	10,905	2,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	43,715	36,485	250	265	6,715	385
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	61,890	59,310	380	390	1,815	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	141,045	136,145	1,370	1,155	2,380	1,945
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,360	11,875	125	45	315	145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	6,355	6,075	60	30	190	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	6,000	5,790	65	15	125	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	42,365	41,095	375	190	705	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,015	6,675	85	35	220	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	79,310	76,505	785	885	1,135	1,225
Bachelor's degree	52,620	51,020	465	445	690	695
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	6,810	6,475	85	90	150	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,375	2,255	30	25	60	40
Master's degree	15,425	14,775	175	280	200	315
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	2,080	1,985	30	35	30	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,810	10,905	2,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	105,610	95,795	630	655	8,530	960
Education	9,045	8,600	160	80	210	195
13. Education	9,045	8,600	160	80	210	195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,275	5,115	75	30	60	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	645	625	15	0	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	4,630	4,490	55	25	55	70
Humanities	8,010	7,635	95	110	165	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,450	1,310	30	45	60	55
23. English language and literature/letters	1,830	1,795	10	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,610	2,515	25	20	50	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	455	450	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	385	0	0	20	0
54. History	925	875	15	10	25	20
55. French language and literature/letters	325	290	15	20	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20,130	19,575	160	190	205	260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	205	195	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,495	1,465	0	15	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,050	2,960	0	20	60	15
22. Legal professions and studies	4,125	4,030	35	15	40	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	220	215	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	3,080	3,005	45	25	0	55
45. Social sciences	7,950	7,695	65	100	90	115
Business, management and public administration	34,255	33,360	360	215	320	465
30.16 Accounting and computer science	85	90	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,690	1,675	10	0	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	32,480	31,600	350	210	320	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	6,535	6,325	40	65	105	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,420	2,320	25	40	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,820	1,785	20	10	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	120	120	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,975	1,910	0	20	45	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	200	185	0	0	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	8,470	8,210	70	80	110	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	6,495	6,320	60	65	55	90
25. Library science	250	245	0	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,545	1,480	10	0	50	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	185	170	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	28,145	26,835	210	280	815	350
04. Architecture and related services	1,625	1,560	10	25	35	20
14. Engineering	12,240	11,525	110	200	410	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,540	4,375	45	10	110	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,610	4,470	20	15	110	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,445	3,330	20	20	80	30
48. Precision production	1,675	1,585	10	10	70	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,045	975	10	10	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	690	640	0	10	35	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	350	335	0	0	10	0
Health and related fields	14,080	13,630	150	65	230	180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,400	1,370	25	0	0	25
51. Health professions and related programs	12,050	11,675	120	50	205	145
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	625	585	10	10	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,055	5,885	30	25	110	45
12. Personal and culinary services	4,300	4,205	15	20	60	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,055	1,045	10	0	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	665	600	10	0	45	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,815	10,905	2,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	105,610	95,795	630	655	8,530	960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	141,045	136,145	1,370	1,155	2,380	1,950
Location of study inside Canada	97,265	95,665	940	500	155	1,195
Same as province or territory of residence	92,740	91,505	665	420	160	870
Different than province or territory of residence	4,525	4,160	280	85	0	325
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	43,785	40,475	425	655	2,220	755
United States^{Footnote 130}	3,790	3,660	55	60	0	90
Philippines	3,225	3,225	0	0	0	10
India	3,360	3,315	0	0	45	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	1,435	1,435	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 132}	3,265	2,685	0	10	565	0
France	175	80	60	35	0	80
Other	28,530	26,085	300	545	1,610	565
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,815	10,910	not applicable ...
In the labour force	169,220	164,880	1,290	1,165	1,885	not applicable ...
Employed	159,440	155,510	1,215	1,050	1,660	not applicable ...
Unemployed	9,785	9,370	75	120	225	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	77,430	67,060	710	645	9,020	not applicable ...
Participation rate	68.6	71.1	64.5	64.2	17.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	64.6	67.0	60.8	57.9	15.2	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.7	5.8	10.3	11.9	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	246,655	231,940	2,000	1,815	10,905	2,905
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	73,555	63,330	680	595	8,955	980
Worked	173,100	168,610	1,320	1,215	1,955	1,925
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	94,455	92,420	740	555	735	1,015
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	78,645	76,190	575	660	1,220	905
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.5	44.2	39.9	39.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	178,835	174,165	1,330	1,270	2,065	1,970
a.Management	23,950	23,385	270	125	165	335
00 Senior management occupations	3,070	3,020	30	15	10	30
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	9,240	9,035	105	65	35	140
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	7,120	6,905	90	35	90	105
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	4,525	4,425	50	20	30	60
b.Professional	39,610	38,660	395	465	85	630
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	9,450	9,295	50	65	35	85
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	10,820	10,580	70	160	10	150
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,905	1,900	0	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,925	2,855	40	30	10	55
40 Professional occupations in education services	8,325	8,015	150	145	15	225
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	4,685	4,540	70	55	15	95
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,510	1,480	10	15	10	15
c.Technical and paraprofessional	16,650	16,385	115	105	50	165
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,990	4,885	30	55	20	60
32 Technical occupations in health	2,370	2,335	15	10	10	20
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	4,045	4,015	10	10	10	20
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	500	495	0	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,740	4,655	50	20	10	55
d.Administration and administrative support	25,335	24,805	195	170	165	280
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	10,975	10,740	110	85	50	150
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,190	2,155	20	0	10	25
14 Office support occupations	9,545	9,345	60	60	80	90
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,625	2,570	10	20	25	20
e.Sales	21,710	21,270	150	165	125	235
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	6,165	6,020	80	50	10	105
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	10,605	10,400	55	80	65	95
66 Sales support occupations	4,945	4,850	15	30	50	30
f.Personal and customer information services	23,300	22,500	120	120	560	175
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,435	1,410	0	10	15	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	3,035	2,885	10	10	140	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	4,630	4,465	20	0	140	25
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,690	7,495	75	60	65	105
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	6,510	6,245	15	35	205	40
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	11,600	11,240	45	45	270	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	8,105	7,840	30	25	205	45
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,490	3,395	10	20	65	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	8,500	8,275	15	40	175	35
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,225	2,150	10	15	50	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	4,395	4,325	0	15	55	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,880	1,795	10	10	70	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,205	1,180	0	0	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	280	280	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	90	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	830	810	0	0	20	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,975	6,470	30	30	450	45
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	885	855	15	0	10	15
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,960	1,825	10	0	125	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,340	2,150	0	10	175	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,795	1,635	0	10	145	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	178,840	174,165	1,330	1,270	2,065	1,965
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	290	290	0	0	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	250	250	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	15	20	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	25	20	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	205	195	10	0	10	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	40	45	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	65	55	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	100	100	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	735	720	0	10	0	0
221 Utilities	735	720	0	10	10	10
23 Construction	15,875	15,490	50	85	260	90
236 Construction of buildings	4,300	4,165	10	45	90	30
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,530	1,510	0	10	10	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	10,040	9,815	35	30	160	50
31-33 Manufacturing	17,865	17,125	120	115	510	175
311 Food manufacturing	2,175	2,065	20	10	85	25
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	190	195	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	45	50	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	105	100	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	315	275	0	10	30	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	460	450	0	0	10	0
322 Paper manufacturing	255	255	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	745	720	10	0	15	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	45	40	0	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	1,430	1,400	20	10	0	20
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	1,095	1,050	10	10	35	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	605	605	0	0	10	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	305	295	0	0	10	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,765	1,705	10	0	40	15
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,080	1,045	10	10	20	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	935	885	10	10	35	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	345	330	10	10	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	2,865	2,705	25	35	95	45
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	2,025	1,920	0	0	100	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	1,035	995	10	10	25	15
41 Wholesale trade	9,245	8,955	125	90	80	170
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	60	60	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	60	55	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	1,550	1,485	15	25	20	25
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	1,960	1,895	30	15	15	40
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	420	420	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,665	1,620	25	10	15	25
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	2,125	2,045	50	30	0	65
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	970	940	0	0	25	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	435	425	0	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	21,550	21,060	125	125	240	180
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,045	1,995	20	15	15	25
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	1,285	1,260	0	10	20	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	920	880	10	0	30	10
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,220	1,200	10	10	10	15
445 Food and beverage stores	4,610	4,500	10	20	85	20
446 Health and personal care stores	2,070	2,030	10	10	15	20
447 Gasoline stations	200	205	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	4,580	4,470	40	35	35	60
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	915	895	0	0	20	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,910	1,875	15	20	0	25
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	1,080	1,055	0	10	10	10
454 Non-store retailers	705	695	0	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,345	7,190	50	45	70	65
481 Air transportation	570	545	15	10	0	20
482 Rail transportation	85	80	10	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,840	1,790	0	20	25	15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,920	1,910	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,070	1,045	10	10	10	10
491 Postal service	450	450	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	730	710	10	0	15	0
493 Warehousing and storage	665	640	10	0	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	4,190	4,100	40	45	10	60
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	725	715	0	10	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	605	605	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	295	290	10	0	0	10
517 Telecommunications	1,895	1,850	20	25	0	30
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	205	205	0	0	0	10
519 Other information services	460	440	10	10	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	13,145	12,895	100	90	60	145
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	10	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	7,440	7,330	50	50	15	75
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	1,995	1,940	15	20	25	25
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	3,555	3,480	35	15	15	45
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	150	140	0	0	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	5,495	5,400	40	30	30	50
531 Real estate	5,040	4,955	30	30	25	40
532 Rental and leasing services	430	420	10	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	25	25	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	19,085	18,570	185	215	115	290
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	19,085	18,570	185	215	115	290
55 Management of companies and enterprises	500	495	0	10	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	495	490	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,590	6,365	65	20	140	70
561 Administrative and support services	6,335	6,115	60	25	135	70
562 Waste management and remediation services	255	245	0	0	10	0
61 Educational services	15,470	15,080	180	180	30	265
611 Educational services	15,470	15,080	180	180	30	270
62 Health care and social assistance	14,295	14,000	100	70	120	135
621 Ambulatory health care services	6,590	6,465	55	40	30	75
622 Hospitals	3,220	3,195	20	10	0	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,430	1,375	25	10	20	30
624 Social assistance	3,055	2,965	10	10	65	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,670	3,600	30	25	10	40
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	885	875	0	10	10	10
712 Heritage institutions	80	75	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	2,700	2,650	25	15	0	30
72 Accommodation and food services	9,040	8,750	40	45	205	60
721 Accommodation services	1,030	1,015	10	10	10	0
722 Food services and drinking places	8,005	7,735	35	40	190	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,065	7,795	45	40	190	65
811 Repair and maintenance	2,065	1,995	15	10	45	25
812 Personal and laundry services	3,120	3,035	10	10	65	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,670	1,625	15	10	10	20
814 Private households	1,215	1,140	0	0	70	0
91 Public administration	6,190	6,085	55	50	0	80
911 Federal government public administration	1,505	1,480	10	15	0	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,570	1,520	25	25	0	35
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	3,095	3,065	15	10	0	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	20	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	159,440	155,515	1,215	1,050	1,660	1,740
Worked at home	11,960	11,505	130	125	205	190
Worked outside Canada	815	735	10	20	55	15
No fixed workplace address	19,060	18,545	125	105	285	175
Worked at usual place	127,595	124,730	950	800	1,110	1,355
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	178,835	174,165	1,330	1,270	2,070	1,965
English	171,305	168,505	1,015	1,000	785	1,515
French	445	240	160	40	0	180
Non-official language	3,165	2,010	10	40	1,115	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,165	2,010	0	40	1,110	25
English and French	640	390	140	110	0	195
English and non-official language	3,215	2,975	10	60	175	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	45	10	20	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	178,835	174,165	1,335	1,270	2,070	1,965
None	164,185	160,745	855	980	1,610	1,345
English	1,800	1,445	100	60	200	130
French	1,525	1,090	310	125	0	375
Non-official language	11,155	10,745	35	105	260	90
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,155	10,745	35	105	265	90
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	30	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	115	30	0	0	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	127,595	124,730	955	800	1,110	1,355
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	46,775	45,795	280	225	475	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,085	12,775	110	80	115	150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	67,575	65,995	565	495	515	810
Commute to a different province or territory	165	165	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	146,660	143,280	1,080	905	1,395	1,530
Car, truck, van - as a driver	114,695	112,250	850	675	925	1,185
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	8,805	8,415	50	60	280	80
Public transit	18,690	18,235	165	150	145	235
Walked	2,645	2,595	0	15	35	10
Bicycle	325	310	10	10	0	10
Other method	1,505	1,470	10	10	15	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	146,660	143,275	1,075	910	1,395	1,535
Less than 15 minutes	22,170	21,740	135	90	210	180
15 to 29 minutes	44,665	43,660	325	260	415	460
30 to 44 minutes	38,550	37,630	235	240	445	355
45 to 59 minutes	18,105	17,680	180	135	110	245
60 minutes and over	23,165	22,565	200	180	215	290
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	146,660	143,275	1,080	905	1,400	1,535
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,385	7,215	40	20	110	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	22,435	21,785	185	130	340	250
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40,775	39,865	325	285	295	470
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	36,185	35,415	305	265	205	440
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	21,645	21,175	135	125	210	195
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,235	17,815	85	90	240	130
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	301,340	284,590	2,275	2,675	11,800	3,610
Non-movers	275,720	260,795	2,075	2,320	10,530	3,235
Movers	25,620	23,790	200	355	1,270	375
Non-migrants	14,065	13,380	80	165	435	160
Migrants	11,555	10,415	120	185	840	215
Internal migrants	9,030	8,405	85	95	450	130
Intraprovincial migrants	8,355	7,820	75	50	415	100
Interprovincial migrants	680	580	15	45	30	40
External migrants	2,525	2,010	30	95	390	80
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	287,850	272,025	2,220	2,645	10,955	3,545
Non-movers	202,775	192,685	1,440	1,615	7,030	2,245
Movers	85,075	79,335	780	1,030	3,925	1,300
Non-migrants	46,450	44,195	315	525	1,415	575
Migrants	38,625	35,140	470	510	2,515	725
Internal migrants	27,285	25,625	335	320	1,010	495
Intraprovincial migrants	25,450	24,035	235	245	940	355
Interprovincial migrants	1,835	1,590	95	75	65	135
External migrants	11,335	9,510	135	190	1,500	235

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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