Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Perth

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	75,175	74,200	335	45	595	360
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	75,175	74,195	335	45	600	355
0 to 14 years	13,750	13,325	40	0	380	40
0 to 4 years	4,400	4,075	10	0	310	10
5 to 9 years	4,660	4,590	15	0	60	15
10 to 14 years	4,690	4,660	20	0	10	15
15 to 64 years	48,465	48,065	205	40	155	225
15 to 19 years	4,705	4,690	10	0	10	10
20 to 24 years	4,780	4,745	0	0	30	0
25 to 29 years	4,335	4,280	20	0	30	25
30 to 34 years	4,325	4,290	20	0	0	20
35 to 39 years	4,300	4,280	15	0	0	15
40 to 44 years	4,395	4,370	15	0	10	15
45 to 49 years	4,650	4,610	20	10	10	25
50 to 54 years	5,775	5,710	35	0	25	35
55 to 59 years	5,850	5,800	30	10	10	35
60 to 64 years	5,350	5,285	40	0	15	45
65 years and over	12,965	12,805	95	0	60	95
65 to 69 years	4,255	4,210	40	0	0	45
70 to 74 years	3,205	3,190	15	0	0	15
75 to 79 years	2,445	2,415	0	0	20	10
80 to 84 years	1,590	1,565	15	0	0	15
85 years and over	1,470	1,430	15	0	25	15
85 to 89 years	1,060	1,035	10	0	15	0
90 to 94 years	330	320	0	0	10	10
95 to 99 years	75	65	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.8	40.9	50.1	42.2	20.6	not applicable ...
Median age	41.5	41.7	54.0	45.8	4.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	61,425	60,865	295	45	215	320
Married or living common law	37,980	37,600	190	15	165	200
Married	32,455	32,110	160	20	165	170
Living common law	5,525	5,490	30	0	0	30
Not married and not living common law	23,445	23,265	105	25	50	120
Never married	15,115	15,035	40	20	20	50
Separated	1,820	1,800	20	0	0	25
Divorced	3,205	3,180	30	0	0	30
Widowed	3,305	3,250	20	0	30	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	61,425	60,870	300	45	215	320
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,990	59,465	295	40	190	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,635	43,682	44,757	45,092	26,881	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,686	35,774	31,892	32,210	17,691	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,005	59,480	290	40	190	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,956	36,998	37,558	38,437	22,408	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,186	32,264	29,012	28,498	17,691	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,145	55,745	260	35	110	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,796	40,805	41,072	50,093	32,715	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,434	32,534	23,712	30,630	13,580	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,905	41,470	235	35	170	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,807	7,788	10,757	0	8,585	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,803	5,779	10,417	0	8,045	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,965	46,650	210	35	75	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,078	39,060	39,934	0	44,836	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,693	32,728	27,323	0	30,373	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.5	87.6	82.3	97.2	70.5	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	70.1	70.1	64.6	0.0	65.8	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.5	12.4	19.1	0.0	28.6	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	61,425	60,870	300	45	215	320
Without total income	1,440	1,400	0	0	30	0
With total income	59,990	59,465	290	35	190	315
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.7	96.7	77.8	88.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,410	6,320	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$10,000 to $19,999	10,080	9,950	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	75
$20,000 to $29,999	8,995	8,910	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$30,000 to $39,999	8,005	7,970	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$40,000 to $49,999	7,325	7,260	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$50,000 to $59,999	5,720	5,685	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,055	4,045	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,715	2,700	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,780	1,780	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,625	1,610	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	3,285	3,240	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$100,000 to $149,999	2,355	2,325	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25
$150,000 and over	930	915	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	61,430	60,865	295	40	215	320
Without after-tax income	1,420	1,390	0	0	30	10
With after-tax income	60,005	59,480	295	35	190	315
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.7	100.0	87.5	88.4	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,710	6,620	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$10,000 to $19,999	10,545	10,400	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$20,000 to $29,999	10,545	10,445	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$30,000 to $39,999	9,865	9,835	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$40,000 to $49,999	8,210	8,150	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$50,000 to $59,999	5,360	5,335	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$60,000 to $69,999	3,175	3,165	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	2,215	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$80,000 and over	3,360	3,320	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	1,300	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$90,000 to $99,999	650	630	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,385	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	61,430	60,870	295	40	215	315
Without employment income	14,460	14,220	90	10	140	95
With employment income	46,965	46,650	210	30	75	225
Percentage with employment income	76.5	76.6	71.2	75.0	34.9	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,125	6,075	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$5,000 to $9,999	4,125	4,105	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$10,000 to $19,999	6,470	6,425	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$20,000 to $29,999	5,330	5,290	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$30,000 to $39,999	5,435	5,415	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$40,000 to $49,999	5,245	5,215	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,240	4,210	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
$60,000 to $69,999	2,970	2,955	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,015	2,000	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$80,000 and over	5,005	4,960	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,450	1,445	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,415	1,400	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
$100,000 and over	2,145	2,115	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	61,425	60,870	295	45	215	320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	24,985	24,815	135	0	25	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	47,566	47,616	46,953	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	53,319	53,338	51,933	0	37,551	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	75,175	74,200	335	50	595	360
English only	71,585	71,590	0	0	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	2,985	2,605	335	50	0	355
Neither English nor French	605	10	0	0	595	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	75,175	74,195	335	45	595	360
English	70,740	70,480	255	0	0	255
French	90	20	75	0	0	70
Non-official language	3,175	2,535	0	40	595	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,175	2,535	10	40	595	25
English and French	25	20	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	1,115	1,120	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	25	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	75,180	74,195	335	50	595	360
None	71,300	70,530	190	15	570	195
English	1,370	1,285	35	15	30	45
French	280	205	80	0	0	80
Non-official language	2,160	2,145	10	10	0	15
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,160	2,140	10	10	0	15
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	15	0	0	10
French and non-official language	40	30	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	75,180	74,200	335	45	600	360
English	66,630	66,630	0	0	0	0
French	365	45	320	0	0	320
Non-official language	7,575	6,935	0	45	595	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,580	6,940	0	40	595	20
English and French	40	35	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	545	545	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	75,180	74,195	335	50	595	360
Official languages	74,570	74,190	335	50	0	360
English	74,570	74,185	335	50	0	360
French	2,985	2,600	335	50	0	360
Non-official languages	9,245	8,550	50	45	600	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,240	8,545	50	45	595	75
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	75,175	74,200	335	50	600	360
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,025	1,005	25	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,010	985	25	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	740	735	10	0	0	10
Métis	260	250	15	0	0	15
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	15	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	74,155	73,195	310	50	595	335
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	75,175	74,195	335	50	600	360
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	350	340	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	74,830	73,855	330	45	600	355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	75,175	74,195	335	45	595	360
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	150	145	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	135	135	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	105	100	0	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	35	30	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	1,690	1,670	25	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	1,665	1,645	20	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,395	1,380	10	0	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	265	260	10	0	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	30	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	30	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	73,330	72,380	310	45	595	330
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	75,175	74,200	335	50	595	355
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	73,670	72,820	330	40	480	355
Canadian citizens only	72,390	71,590	320	20	460	330
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,280	1,230	10	20	25	20
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	1,505	1,375	10	0	115	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	75,175	74,200	330	45	600	360
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	68,285	67,605	310	15	365	315
Immigrants^Footnote 42	6,670	6,425	30	30	185	40
Before 1981	3,585	3,540	10	0	35	15
1981 to 1990	750	725	10	0	15	10
1991 to 2000	970	910	0	10	40	15
2001 to 2010	820	780	0	10	30	0
2001 to 2005	465	435	0	10	20	10
2006 to 2010	355	345	0	0	10	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	550	470	10	0	70	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	215	170	0	0	45	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	6,675	6,425	25	30	190	45
Under 5 years	1,095	1,070	0	10	20	0
5 to 14 years	1,370	1,345	10	0	15	10
15 to 24 years	1,715	1,675	0	0	35	10
25 to 44 years	2,235	2,130	15	15	65	30
45 years and over	260	205	0	0	50	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	6,670	6,425	25	30	185	40
Americas	1,580	1,505	0	0	75	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	20	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	65	0	0	0	0
Mexico	620	560	0	0	60	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	60	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	545	545	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	200	190	0	0	10	0
Europe	3,910	3,830	20	15	45	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	20	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	15
Germany	370	365	0	0	10	0
Greece	75	70	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	80	80	0	0	0	0
Italy	130	130	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,070	1,060	0	0	10	0
Poland	95	85	0	0	10	0
Portugal	125	110	0	0	15	0
Romania	20	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	15	15	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	55	50	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	1,350	1,355	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	435	420	10	10	0	10
Africa	155	155	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	60	0	0	0	0
Asia	995	905	0	15	75	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	110	95	0	0	15	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	15	15	0	0	0	0
India	300	275	0	0	30	0
Iran^Footnote 53	20	15	0	10	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	55	50	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	55	50	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Philippines	150	150	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	15	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	185	160	0	0	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	35	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	545	470	0	10	70	0
Americas	275	240	0	0	40	0
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	165	130	0	0	40	0
United States^Footnote 58	55	55	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	35	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	30	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	195	160	0	0	35	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	80	70	0	0	10	0
Iran^Footnote 65	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	60	55	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	75,175	74,195	335	50	595	360
First generation^Footnote 71	7,215	6,905	30	35	245	45
Second generation^Footnote 72	10,990	10,735	30	10	215	40
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	56,970	56,560	275	10	135	275
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	3,180	2,975	20	25	155	30
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,370	1,310	20	10	35	20
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	590	570	10	10	10	15
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	780	740	10	10	25	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	1,275	1,180	0	10	85	0
Refugees^Footnote 79	475	435	0	10	35	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	60	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	75,175	74,195	335	45	595	360
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	2,700	2,540	0	20	130	15
South Asian^Footnote 83	565	535	0	10	25	0
Chinese	210	190	0	0	20	0
Black	550	535	0	0	0	10
Filipino	210	205	0	0	0	0
Latin American	320	290	0	0	30	0
Arab	70	55	0	0	15	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	350	330	0	10	15	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	35	30	0	0	0	10
Korean	80	80	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	120	0	0	20	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	125	125	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	40	40	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	72,475	71,655	325	30	465	340
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	75,175	74,200	335	50	600	360
North American Aboriginal origins	1,845	1,815	30	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,540	1,520	15	0	0	20
Inuit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	335	325	10	0	0	15
Other North American origins	24,915	24,665	150	10	100	145
Acadian	50	40	10	0	0	10
American	755	740	0	0	15	0
Canadian	24,350	24,110	140	0	100	140
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	70	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	59,935	59,270	250	30	385	265
British Isles origins	40,655	40,585	60	10	0	65
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,695	23,670	20	0	0	20
Irish	17,545	17,505	35	10	0	35
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	19,535	19,520	15	0	0	20
Welsh	1,440	1,435	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,820	1,815	0	0	10	0
French origins	6,130	5,900	220	10	0	225
Alsatian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,100	5,860	220	0	0	220
Western European origins (except French origins)	30,490	30,160	40	10	280	45
Austrian	330	330	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	600	600	10	0	0	10
Dutch	8,475	8,435	0	0	40	0
Flemish	130	130	0	0	0	0
Frisian	55	55	0	0	0	0
German	21,880	21,610	35	0	235	35
Luxembourger	20	10	0	0	0	10
Swiss	2,450	2,390	0	10	50	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,260	1,250	10	0	0	0
Danish	340	335	0	0	0	10
Finnish	205	205	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	50	50	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	325	330	0	0	0	0
Swedish	365	365	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	30	25	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,105	4,020	20	0	55	25
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	155	150	0	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	40	35	0	0	0	0
Estonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	460	460	0	0	0	0
Latvian	90	95	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,555	1,550	0	0	0	0
Romanian	205	195	10	0	10	10
Russian	875	835	10	0	30	10
Slovak	120	120	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	920	900	0	0	20	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,485	3,390	25	10	60	30
Albanian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	275	265	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,800	1,770	20	10	10	20
Kosovar	10	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	95	95	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	530	515	0	0	15	0
Serbian	90	90	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Spanish	415	380	10	0	35	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	95	95	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	320	10	0	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	60	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	255	255	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	520	515	0	0	10	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	40	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	25	0	0	0	0
Dominican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	315	310	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	20	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,045	940	0	0	100	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	55	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	105	100	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	670	575	0	0	95	0
Nicaraguan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	390	380	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	30	25	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	20	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	135	135	0	10	0	10
Afrikaner	20	20	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	45	45	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	190	195	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	170	165	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,900	1,775	15	15	95	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	220	185	10	10	15	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	35	10	0	0	15
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	50	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	0	0	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	0	0	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	30	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	625	600	0	0	25	10
Bangladeshi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	535	510	0	10	25	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	40	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	35	0	0	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,075	1,030	0	10	45	10
Burmese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	340	325	0	0	20	0
Filipino	230	230	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	165	150	0	0	20	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	85	0	0	0	0
Laotian	220	210	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	60	60	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	50	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	30	20	0	0	10	0
Oceania origins	105	105	0	0	0	0
Australian	85	85	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	61,425	60,870	295	45	220	320
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,665	14,470	50	10	135	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	18,980	18,835	95	0	50	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,785	27,565	160	35	30	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,720	4,705	10	0	0	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	1,730	1,720	10	10	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	2,985	2,985	0	0	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,650	13,545	85	10	10	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,065	1,065	0	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,350	8,255	60	20	20	65
Bachelor's degree	5,845	5,790	35	10	20	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	595	10	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	305	305	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,415	1,400	15	0	0	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	175	170	10	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	61,425	60,870	300	45	215	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	33,645	33,305	140	10	185	145
Education	1,965	1,950	0	0	10	10
13. Education	1,970	1,950	10	0	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,380	1,370	10	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	200	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,180	1,170	10	0	0	10
Humanities	1,525	1,510	10	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	100	10	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	385	375	0	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	280	0	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	20	20	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	115	120	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	255	260	0	0	0	0
54. History	270	270	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	95	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,920	2,910	0	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	35	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	225	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	945	940	0	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	350	350	0	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	90	90	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	485	485	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	795	785	0	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,290	4,235	45	0	0	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	460	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,825	3,770	45	0	10	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	575	565	0	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	210	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	135	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	120	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	95	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	665	655	10	0	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	420	0	0	10	10
25. Library science	75	75	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	145	140	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,895	5,875	15	0	0	15
04. Architecture and related services	200	205	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	535	520	10	10	10	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,000	1,000	0	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,395	1,385	10	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,625	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,140	1,140	10	0	0	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,575	1,570	10	0	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,410	1,405	10	0	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	165	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,845	4,810	30	10	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	380	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,365	4,335	25	0	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	95	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,100	2,075	15	0	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,180	1,150	15	10	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	555	555	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	335	340	0	0	0	0
Other	45	40	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	61,425	60,865	295	45	215	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,640	33,305	140	10	190	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	27,785	27,570	155	35	30	170
Location of study inside Canada	25,405	25,255	135	10	10	145
Same as province or territory of residence	24,350	24,230	110	10	10	110
Different than province or territory of residence	1,060	1,025	30	0	0	30
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,380	2,310	15	20	25	30
United States^Footnote 130	655	650	0	0	0	10
Philippines	120	120	0	0	0	0
India	145	140	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	455	450	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	40	25	0	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	965	920	15	20	15	25
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	61,430	60,870	300	45	220	not applicable ...
In the labour force	42,875	42,600	175	35	70	not applicable ...
Employed	41,145	40,885	170	30	65	not applicable ...
Unemployed	1,735	1,710	10	10	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	18,545	18,270	115	15	150	not applicable ...
Participation rate	69.8	70.0	58.3	77.8	31.8	not applicable ...
Employment rate	67.0	67.2	56.7	66.7	29.5	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	4.0	4.0	5.7	28.6	14.3	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	61,430	60,870	295	45	215	315
Did not work^Footnote 135	16,440	16,175	100	10	155	100
Worked	44,985	44,690	200	35	65	215
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	25,555	25,380	135	10	25	140
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	19,430	19,310	60	25	35	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.5	46.0	41.1	45.8	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	45,905	45,585	200	35	75	225
a.Management	5,370	5,330	25	0	10	25
00 Senior management occupations	360	355	0	0	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	925	920	0	0	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,310	1,305	10	0	0	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,775	2,755	15	0	10	10
b.Professional	5,410	5,365	40	10	0	40
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	905	900	10	0	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	725	715	0	0	0	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	650	640	10	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	515	515	0	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,345	1,325	10	0	0	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	705	705	0	0	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	565	565	10	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,440	3,415	20	0	0	20
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,030	1,025	10	0	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	700	690	0	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	735	730	0	0	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	220	220	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	755	755	10	0	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	4,805	4,770	35	10	0	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,720	1,705	15	0	0	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	505	505	0	0	10	0
14 Office support occupations	1,695	1,680	10	0	0	15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	885	885	10	0	0	0
e.Sales	3,970	3,950	25	0	0	25
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	815	810	0	0	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,800	1,790	10	0	0	10
66 Sales support occupations	1,360	1,345	10	10	0	15
f.Personal and customer information services	7,220	7,155	35	10	15	40
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	845	840	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	895	890	0	0	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,365	1,335	25	0	0	25
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,475	1,465	10	0	0	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,635	2,620	10	0	10	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	4,400	4,365	10	0	20	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,840	2,810	10	0	20	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,560	1,560	0	0	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,790	3,780	10	0	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	845	840	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,195	2,190	0	0	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	755	750	0	0	0	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,295	2,270	10	0	20	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	165	165	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,655	1,630	0	10	15	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	475	475	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,210	5,190	0	10	0	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	505	505	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,225	1,220	10	0	0	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,145	2,140	0	0	0	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,340	1,325	0	10	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	45,905	45,590	205	35	75	220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,305	4,250	25	10	30	25
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	4,175	4,115	25	0	30	20
113 Forestry and logging	30	30	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	10	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	100	100	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	100	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	75	75	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	20	25	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	150	145	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	145	145	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,705	3,695	10	0	0	15
236 Construction of buildings	870	870	0	0	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	385	385	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,455	2,440	10	10	0	15
31-33 Manufacturing	8,435	8,385	20	10	20	25
311 Food manufacturing	1,285	1,275	10	0	0	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	210	210	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	30	35	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	115	115	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	135	135	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	90	90	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	180	185	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	1,065	1,060	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	270	270	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	115	115	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,170	1,155	10	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	605	595	0	0	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	125	125	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	2,575	2,560	10	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	205	205	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	180	185	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,970	1,965	0	0	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	105	100	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	55	55	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	160	155	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	50	45	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	200	200	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	385	385	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	645	650	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	330	330	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	40	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,785	4,750	20	10	10	25
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	740	745	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	115	120	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	125	120	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	450	450	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,260	1,245	10	0	10	15
446 Health and personal care stores	335	335	0	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	120	120	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	335	330	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	255	245	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	535	530	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	375	380	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	145	140	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,720	1,715	0	0	10	0
481 Air transportation	30	30	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	20	25	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	810	805	0	0	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	400	400	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	115	115	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	100	100	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	130	130	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	110	110	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	475	475	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	135	135	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	65	65	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	20	15	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	125	130	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	130	130	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,750	1,735	15	0	0	15
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,030	1,025	10	10	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	145	145	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	565	555	10	0	0	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	525	525	0	0	0	0
531 Real estate	430	430	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	95	90	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	1,840	10	0	0	15
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	1,840	15	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	40	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	40	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,595	1,590	10	0	0	10
561 Administrative and support services	1,515	1,505	0	0	0	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	80	80	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,405	2,385	15	10	0	15
611 Educational services	2,405	2,385	15	10	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	4,770	4,750	20	0	0	20
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,320	1,315	0	0	0	0
622 Hospitals	1,080	1,070	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,530	1,525	0	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	845	840	0	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,300	1,285	15	0	0	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	870	860	10	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	40	40	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	390	385	0	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,780	2,750	25	0	10	25
721 Accommodation services	450	435	10	0	0	15
722 Food services and drinking places	2,330	2,315	10	0	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,985	1,970	10	0	10	10
811 Repair and maintenance	795	790	0	0	10	10
812 Personal and laundry services	560	555	0	10	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	485	480	10	0	0	0
814 Private households	140	140	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	1,250	1,240	10	0	0	10
911 Federal government public administration	220	220	0	0	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	205	205	0	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	825	815	10	0	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	41,145	40,885	175	25	60	185
Worked at home	5,060	5,015	20	10	20	25
Worked outside Canada	110	110	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,925	3,905	20	0	0	20
Worked at usual place	32,050	31,855	130	25	45	140
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	45,905	45,590	200	35	75	225
English	45,210	44,940	190	25	45	205
French	50	45	10	0	0	10
Non-official language	460	430	0	10	25	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	460	430	0	10	25	0
English and French	70	65	10	0	0	10
English and non-official language	105	100	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	45,900	45,590	200	35	75	220
None	44,855	44,605	170	25	50	185
English	275	250	0	10	10	10
French	190	160	25	0	0	30
Non-official language	555	540	0	0	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	555	540	0	0	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,050	31,855	130	20	45	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,510	18,370	90	15	35	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,740	6,730	10	0	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,760	6,720	30	10	10	35
Commute to a different province or territory	40	35	0	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	35,975	35,755	150	20	45	160
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,220	29,045	135	15	30	135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,685	2,665	10	0	0	10
Public transit	400	395	0	0	0	10
Walked	2,605	2,605	0	0	0	0
Bicycle	670	660	10	0	0	10
Other method	400	400	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	35,975	35,760	150	20	45	165
Less than 15 minutes	18,670	18,570	65	15	25	70
15 to 29 minutes	9,275	9,200	50	0	20	50
30 to 44 minutes	4,310	4,295	10	0	0	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,175	2,165	10	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	1,545	1,530	15	0	0	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	35,975	35,760	150	20	45	160
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,790	2,765	10	0	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,330	7,290	30	10	0	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,675	8,620	30	10	10	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,305	7,265	35	0	0	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,235	3,210	25	0	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,645	6,615	20	0	15	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	74,350	73,430	330	50	540	355
Non-movers	66,445	65,735	280	40	390	300
Movers	7,900	7,695	50	10	150	55
Non-migrants	4,050	4,030	0	0	15	10
Migrants	3,855	3,665	45	10	135	45
Internal migrants	3,570	3,445	45	10	75	45
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	3,230	35	0	80	35
Interprovincial migrants	230	215	0	0	0	10
External migrants	285	225	0	10	60	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	70,775	70,120	325	45	285	350
Non-movers	47,885	47,565	190	25	100	200
Movers	22,895	22,555	135	25	180	145
Non-migrants	11,740	11,615	65	0	55	65
Migrants	11,150	10,940	70	20	125	75
Internal migrants	10,445	10,300	70	15	60	75
Intraprovincial migrants	9,785	9,665	45	10	60	55
Interprovincial migrants	660	635	20	10	0	25
External migrants	710	645	0	10	65	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Perth

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.