Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Lambton

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	124,595	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
0 to 14 years	19,580	19,305	185	50	50	210
0 to 4 years	6,115	6,010	50	10	45	55
5 to 9 years	6,880	6,815	50	15	0	55
10 to 14 years	6,585	6,475	80	30	0	95
15 to 64 years	79,300	77,950	1,145	90	110	1,190
15 to 19 years	6,920	6,810	80	20	10	90
20 to 24 years	7,410	7,330	50	25	10	65
25 to 29 years	7,065	6,995	55	0	0	60
30 to 34 years	6,975	6,910	60	0	0	65
35 to 39 years	6,695	6,580	100	10	10	105
40 to 44 years	6,795	6,675	110	10	10	115
45 to 49 years	7,300	7,155	135	0	10	130
50 to 54 years	9,395	9,225	155	10	10	160
55 to 59 years	10,595	10,360	205	15	25	210
60 to 64 years	10,140	9,920	195	10	20	195
65 years and over	25,720	24,795	800	25	100	810
65 to 69 years	8,970	8,725	210	10	25	210
70 to 74 years	6,340	6,080	250	0	15	250
75 to 79 years	4,505	4,345	155	0	0	150
80 to 84 years	3,290	3,135	115	10	30	120
85 years and over	2,610	2,510	70	0	30	75
85 to 89 years	1,960	1,895	60	0	10	55
90 to 94 years	575	550	10	0	15	0
95 to 99 years	75	65	0	0	10	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	43.3	43.1	53.7	30.7	50.8	not applicable ...
Median age	45.6	45.3	58.0	21.7	59.1	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	105,015	102,750	1,950	110	210	2,000
Married or living common law	63,650	62,210	1,280	50	110	1,300
Married	53,940	52,655	1,135	50	105	1,160
Living common law	9,710	9,560	145	0	10	145
Not married and not living common law	41,360	40,535	670	60	95	700
Never married	25,060	24,745	225	50	40	250
Separated	3,335	3,275	60	0	0	60
Divorced	6,275	6,085	170	10	10	175
Widowed	6,700	6,430	220	0	50	220
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	105,015	102,750	1,945	110	210	2,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	101,135	98,965	1,885	100	190	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,249	48,251	50,895	40,743	24,829	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,734	34,743	37,928	22,606	16,881	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	101,280	99,110	1,885	95	190	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,685	39,681	42,015	35,241	21,239	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,444	31,439	34,019	22,606	16,811	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,815	88,935	1,685	80	115	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,381	46,410	46,557	39,416	26,490	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,068	32,090	32,720	22,049	9,271	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,720	73,970	1,510	70	175	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,820	8,762	11,540	10,311	9,606	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,112	8,036	12,099	11,095	4,356	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,910	70,660	1,110	70	65	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,895	44,828	50,079	33,837	40,468	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,949	29,925	33,188	13,243	17,307	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.3	86.4	81.8	86.6	64.6	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	66.2	66.3	58.2	61.2	55.8	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.7	13.6	18.2	18.6	35.6	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	105,015	102,750	1,950	110	210	2,000
Without total income	3,875	3,780	65	10	20	70
With total income	101,140	98,970	1,880	100	190	1,930
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.3	96.4	90.9	90.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,425	13,200	175	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	175
$10,000 to $19,999	17,065	16,660	300	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	320
$20,000 to $29,999	14,465	14,135	275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	285
$30,000 to $39,999	11,400	11,150	235	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	230
$40,000 to $49,999	10,200	9,945	250	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	255
$50,000 to $59,999	7,745	7,585	155	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$60,000 to $69,999	6,140	6,035	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$70,000 to $79,999	4,540	4,445	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$80,000 to $89,999	3,460	3,390	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$90,000 to $99,999	2,930	2,865	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$100,000 and over	9,765	9,565	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	190
$100,000 to $149,999	6,265	6,150	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$150,000 and over	3,500	3,415	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	105,015	102,750	1,945	110	210	2,000
Without after-tax income	3,735	3,640	65	10	25	70
With after-tax income	101,280	99,110	1,885	100	190	1,930
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.5	96.9	90.9	90.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,285	14,040	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	195
$10,000 to $19,999	17,795	17,390	305	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	320
$20,000 to $29,999	16,495	16,110	320	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	330
$30,000 to $39,999	13,395	13,095	285	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	285
$40,000 to $49,999	11,220	10,945	270	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	265
$50,000 to $59,999	8,340	8,195	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	135
$60,000 to $69,999	5,490	5,355	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$70,000 to $79,999	4,400	4,320	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$80,000 and over	9,860	9,655	200	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	205
$80,000 to $89,999	2,840	2,800	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,990	1,940	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$100,000 and over	5,030	4,915	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	105,015	102,750	1,945	105	210	2,005
Without employment income	33,105	32,085	835	40	145	855
With employment income	71,910	70,660	1,110	70	65	1,150
Percentage with employment income	68.5	68.8	57.1	66.7	31.0	57.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,630	13,350	265	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	265
$5,000 to $9,999	5,720	5,660	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$10,000 to $19,999	8,855	8,700	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$20,000 to $29,999	7,770	7,665	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$30,000 to $39,999	7,170	7,050	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$40,000 to $49,999	5,605	5,495	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$50,000 to $59,999	4,325	4,275	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,365	3,310	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,770	2,715	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$80,000 and over	12,695	12,445	225	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	235
$80,000 to $89,999	2,345	2,300	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$90,000 to $99,999	2,455	2,395	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$100,000 and over	7,895	7,745	140	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	140
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	105,015	102,750	1,950	105	210	2,005
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	31,530	31,020	465	25	20	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	54,094	53,985	67,320	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	69,297	69,173	77,565	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
English only	116,440	116,445	0	0	0	0
French only	35	0	35	0	0	35
English and French	7,830	5,580	2,095	155	0	2,170
Neither English nor French	290	30	0	0	260	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	255	2,210
English	120,210	118,760	1,450	0	0	1,455
French	590	45	545	0	0	545
Non-official language	2,390	2,055	15	55	260	45
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,375	2,040	15	60	260	45
English and French	205	55	55	95	0	105
English and non-official language	1,140	1,135	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	0	50	0	0	50
English, French and non-official language	20	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	124,595	122,050	2,135	160	255	2,210
None	118,295	116,735	1,195	115	245	1,255
English	1,395	1,010	350	30	10	365
French	1,695	1,145	540	10	0	545
Non-official language	3,110	3,075	30	10	0	30
Aboriginal	305	310	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,805	2,770	25	10	0	30
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	65	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	124,595	122,050	2,130	160	255	2,210
English	113,320	113,320	0	0	0	0
French	2,235	215	2,020	0	0	2,015
Non-official language	8,045	7,640	80	65	255	105
Aboriginal	135	135	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,910	7,510	80	60	260	110
English and French	390	310	10	75	0	45
English and non-official language	520	520	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	25	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	55	30	0	25	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	124,600	122,045	2,130	160	260	2,210
Official languages	124,310	122,020	2,130	160	0	2,210
English	124,270	122,015	2,090	160	0	2,170
French	7,865	5,580	2,130	160	0	2,210
Non-official languages	10,685	10,085	195	140	255	270
Aboriginal languages	575	575	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,115	9,520	200	135	260	270
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	6,890	6,785	95	0	0	100
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	6,705	6,605	95	10	0	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	5,390	5,375	10	0	0	15
Métis	1,290	1,205	85	10	0	85
Inuk (Inuit)	30	30	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	55	55	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	125	125	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	117,710	115,265	2,035	155	255	2,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	124,595	122,050	2,130	160	255	2,210
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	4,910	4,900	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	119,685	117,150	2,120	155	260	2,200
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	3,730	3,710	25	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	3,710	3,690	25	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	3,580	3,560	15	0	0	15
Métis single ancestry	130	130	0	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	4,455	4,315	135	10	0	135
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	4,385	4,250	120	0	0	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,050	2,995	55	10	0	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,290	1,220	65	0	0	65
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	35	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	75	65	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	65	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	116,415	114,030	1,980	155	260	2,055
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	121,400	119,045	2,075	145	140	2,150
Canadian citizens only	119,240	116,975	2,030	125	110	2,090
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,160	2,060	45	25	30	60
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	3,200	3,005	55	10	120	60
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	111,470	109,415	1,955	50	50	1,980
Immigrants^Footnote 42	12,390	11,935	155	115	190	210
Before 1981	7,870	7,730	65	25	55	80
1981 to 1990	1,335	1,315	0	0	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,150	1,095	25	10	25	30
2001 to 2010	1,400	1,290	20	70	25	55
2001 to 2005	660	650	10	0	0	10
2006 to 2010	740	635	10	70	20	50
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	640	510	40	10	80	40
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	740	700	20	0	20	15
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	12,390	11,935	155	115	190	210
Under 5 years	1,745	1,690	20	20	10	30
5 to 14 years	2,580	2,535	15	35	0	30
15 to 24 years	3,280	3,200	35	15	30	40
25 to 44 years	4,185	4,015	65	40	65	85
45 years and over	605	490	20	0	90	20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	12,390	11,935	150	115	190	210
Americas	2,355	2,310	10	10	25	20
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	45	0	0	10	0
El Salvador	105	100	0	0	10	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	175	175	0	0	0	0
Mexico	145	145	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	75	75	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,510	1,500	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	250	230	0	0	10	10
Europe	7,665	7,505	65	30	65	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	20	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	25	0	0	0	0
France	65	35	30	0	0	30
Germany	525	520	0	0	0	10
Greece	160	155	0	0	10	0
Hungary	130	130	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	155	155	0	0	0	0
Italy	730	680	0	10	30	10
Netherlands	1,320	1,320	0	0	0	0
Poland	255	245	0	10	0	0
Portugal	280	260	0	0	15	0
Romania	80	75	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	50	50	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	25	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,260	3,260	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	550	525	20	0	10	20
Africa	355	220	65	70	0	100
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	225	100	60	70	0	95
Asia	1,980	1,860	10	0	105	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	235	210	0	0	20	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	45	45	0	0	0	0
India	460	440	0	0	25	0
Iran^Footnote 53	80	75	0	0	0	0
Iraq	175	155	0	10	20	0
Japan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	90	85	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	40	10	0	10	10
Pakistan	135	135	0	0	0	0
Philippines	315	315	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	20	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	40	20	0	0	25	0
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	60	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	225	225	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	40	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	635	515	40	0	75	45
Americas	185	175	10	0	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	25	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	25	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	110	105	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	110	105	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	55	55	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	80	45	35	0	0	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	15	0	0	15
Asia	265	190	0	0	75	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	20	10	0	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	50	0	0	15	0
Iran^Footnote 65	25	25	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	0	0	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	40	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	25	0	0	0	25	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
First generation^Footnote 71	13,705	13,210	175	110	205	235
Second generation^Footnote 72	19,955	19,735	165	15	40	175
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	90,935	89,110	1,785	30	10	1,805
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	4,685	4,355	90	95	145	140
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	1,865	1,795	35	20	10	45
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	685	650	15	15	0	25
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,175	1,145	15	10	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	2,210	2,105	25	10	80	25
Refugees^Footnote 79	585	435	25	75	50	60
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	25	25	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	124,600	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	5,510	5,095	150	80	180	190
South Asian^Footnote 83	1,300	1,270	0	0	30	0
Chinese	650	595	10	10	40	15
Black	1,250	1,100	90	60	0	120
Filipino	495	490	0	0	10	0
Latin American	475	445	0	0	15	10
Arab	460	345	50	0	60	50
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	225	215	0	0	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	120	120	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	120	0	0	10	0
Japanese	95	80	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	150	150	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	165	155	0	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	119,095	116,955	1,980	75	80	2,020
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	124,595	122,050	2,130	160	260	2,210
North American Aboriginal origins	8,190	8,020	155	10	0	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,720	6,635	80	10	0	80
Inuit	45	45	10	0	0	0
Métis	1,515	1,430	80	0	0	80
Other North American origins	44,225	43,190	995	30	15	1,005
Acadian	75	60	15	0	0	15
American	1,850	1,840	15	0	0	15
Canadian	42,930	41,925	965	25	15	985
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	60	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	20	15	0	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	20	20	0	0	0	0
European origins	94,605	92,865	1,580	75	85	1,620
British Isles origins	69,105	68,750	340	15	0	345
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	41,140	40,975	160	0	0	160
Irish	28,370	28,210	155	0	0	150
Manx	40	45	0	0	0	0
Scottish	31,790	31,660	120	0	0	125
Welsh	2,590	2,590	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	2,955	2,950	0	0	0	0
French origins	17,325	15,905	1,410	10	0	1,415
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,315	15,900	1,410	10	0	1,410
Western European origins (except French origins)	27,205	27,015	150	30	0	170
Austrian	430	430	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,105	2,080	20	0	0	25
Dutch	12,855	12,820	15	25	0	25
Flemish	95	95	0	0	0	0
Frisian	60	55	0	0	0	0
German	13,495	13,385	105	10	0	110
Luxembourger	25	25	10	0	0	0
Swiss	255	240	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,405	2,360	20	25	0	30
Danish	570	550	0	20	0	15
Finnish	465	460	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	155	150	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	625	625	0	0	0	0
Swedish	555	540	15	0	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	125	115	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins	9,145	9,065	45	25	10	60
Bulgarian	80	65	15	0	0	15
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	495	495	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	270	270	0	0	0	0
Estonian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,220	1,220	0	0	0	0
Latvian	100	95	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	190	190	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,245	3,210	25	10	0	30
Romanian	505	500	0	10	0	0
Russian	885	875	10	10	0	10
Slovak	920	915	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	2,500	2,485	10	10	0	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	70	70	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,050	7,830	120	25	70	135
Albanian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	275	265	10	0	0	10
Cypriot	20	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	705	675	10	10	10	10
Italian	4,925	4,805	75	15	35	80
Kosovar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Maltese	120	115	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,175	1,125	40	0	15	40
Serbian	80	75	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	105	105	0	0	0	0
Spanish	645	625	15	0	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	170	170	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	365	360	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	120	0	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	235	230	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	900	890	15	0	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	25	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	35	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	20	10	0	0	10
Jamaican	515	505	10	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	105	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	95	95	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	55	55	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	905	865	25	10	10	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	25	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	25	10	0	0	10
Belizean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	50	0	0	0	0
Colombian	80	75	0	0	10	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	10
Guyanese	115	115	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	30	30	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mexican	360	355	10	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	120	120	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	15	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	20	20	0	0	0	0
African origins	960	805	85	70	0	120
Central and West African origins	230	95	75	60	0	105
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	0	20	0	0	15
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	0	35	60	0	70
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Liberian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	15	0	15	0	0	15
North African origins	110	95	10	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	105	95	0	15	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	120	115	10	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	530	510	15	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	100	100	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	430	415	10	0	0	10
Asian origins	4,105	3,860	75	20	155	80
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	965	830	65	0	60	70
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	80	65	0	0	10	0
Armenian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	180	165	0	0	20	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	10	35	0	0	30
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	30	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	395	325	65	0	0	65
Palestinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	75	45	0	0	35	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	50	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,360	1,330	0	0	30	0
Bangladeshi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,070	1,050	0	0	20	0
Goan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	160	160	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	50	0	0	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	50	50	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,805	1,720	10	10	70	15
Burmese	40	45	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	875	820	10	10	40	15
Filipino	525	520	0	0	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Japanese	120	115	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	120	0	0	10	0
Laotian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	105	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	45	0	0	0	0
Australian	30	30	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	105,015	102,750	1,945	110	210	2,005
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,615	17,085	390	15	125	400
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	30,835	30,230	555	0	45	560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,565	55,435	995	90	40	1,045
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,075	10,795	265	10	0	270
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	4,115	4,055	55	0	0	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	6,960	6,740	215	10	0	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,270	28,800	425	30	15	440
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,390	1,360	30	0	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,825	14,475	275	50	25	300
Bachelor's degree	10,665	10,455	175	20	20	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,075	1,030	30	10	0	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	350	350	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,405	2,325	60	15	0	70
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	330	320	10	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	105,015	102,745	1,950	110	210	2,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	48,450	47,315	950	15	165	960
Education	3,385	3,250	120	0	15	120
13. Education	3,385	3,250	120	0	15	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,105	1,095	10	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	245	245	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	855	850	10	0	0	10
Humanities	2,195	2,130	45	10	10	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	90	10	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	540	535	0	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	665	635	15	0	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	95	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	290	275	10	10	0	15
54. History	390	395	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	100	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,175	5,080	90	10	0	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	40	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	330	325	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,830	1,795	35	0	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	630	605	25	0	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	55	55	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	715	705	10	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,580	1,550	25	0	0	25
Business, management and public administration	8,485	8,310	160	10	10	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	20	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,180	1,160	15	0	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,285	7,125	145	10	0	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,590	1,550	35	0	0	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	465	440	20	0	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	250	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	15	15	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	465	460	10	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	385	385	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,360	1,350	15	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,065	1,050	15	0	0	15
25. Library science	120	120	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	155	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,130	16,740	350	30	10	365
04. Architecture and related services	220	220	0	0	0	10
14. Engineering	2,095	2,035	35	25	0	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,410	4,335	65	0	0	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,390	4,250	135	0	0	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,640	3,600	30	0	0	35
48. Precision production	2,385	2,300	80	0	0	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,355	1,330	25	0	0	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,065	1,050	20	0	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	290	285	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,265	10,140	100	30	0	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	815	810	0	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	9,370	9,240	95	25	0	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	85	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,510	4,450	60	10	0	65
12. Personal and culinary services	2,315	2,275	30	0	0	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,270	1,245	25	0	0	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	900	890	10	0	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	105,015	102,745	1,950	110	210	2,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,450	47,315	950	20	165	960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	56,565	55,430	1,000	90	45	1,045
Location of study inside Canada	51,715	50,740	920	55	0	945
Same as province or territory of residence	49,230	48,435	745	50	0	775
Different than province or territory of residence	2,485	2,305	170	10	0	175
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	4,850	4,695	80	40	45	95
United States^Footnote 130	1,880	1,855	25	0	0	25
Philippines	175	175	0	0	0	0
India	375	360	0	0	15	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	890	890	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	50	50	0	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	10
Other	1,465	1,355	40	40	30	60
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	105,015	102,750	1,945	110	210	not applicable ...
In the labour force	61,460	60,430	905	80	50	not applicable ...
Employed	56,485	55,555	825	65	40	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,975	4,870	80	15	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	43,555	42,315	1,040	35	160	not applicable ...
Participation rate	58.5	58.8	46.5	72.7	23.8	not applicable ...
Employment rate	53.8	54.1	42.4	59.1	19.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.1	8.8	18.8	20.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	105,015	102,750	1,945	110	210	2,000
Did not work^Footnote 135	40,490	39,305	995	30	155	1,010
Worked	64,530	63,445	955	80	55	995
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	32,135	31,615	470	35	20	485
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	32,390	31,835	485	45	35	510
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.6	41.2	37.7	39.4	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	66,400	65,275	990	80	55	1,035
a.Management	6,690	6,560	120	0	10	120
00 Senior management occupations	475	440	30	0	0	30
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,385	1,375	10	0	0	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,205	2,175	25	0	0	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,625	2,570	50	0	0	50
b.Professional	8,760	8,535	190	25	0	205
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,135	1,110	20	0	0	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,855	1,820	30	10	0	30
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,385	1,380	0	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	720	710	10	10	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,215	2,100	110	10	0	110
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,105	1,085	20	0	0	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	340	335	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,795	6,665	115	15	0	120
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,400	2,355	40	0	0	45
32 Technical occupations in health	1,405	1,385	10	10	0	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,620	1,580	35	0	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	430	425	10	0	0	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	950	920	20	0	0	25
d.Administration and administrative support	7,115	7,010	100	0	0	105
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,970	2,915	55	10	0	55
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	600	585	15	0	0	15
14 Office support occupations	2,600	2,580	20	0	0	25
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	940	935	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	6,295	6,220	65	0	10	65
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,185	1,175	10	0	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,750	2,715	35	0	0	40
66 Sales support occupations	2,365	2,330	20	0	10	20
f.Personal and customer information services	12,880	12,635	210	20	20	220
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,475	1,460	20	0	0	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,125	1,095	30	0	0	25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,075	2,060	10	0	10	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,510	3,445	55	0	0	60
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,685	4,575	100	10	0	105
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,290	7,190	95	10	10	95
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	5,105	5,005	90	0	10	95
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,185	2,180	10	0	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,825	4,765	55	10	10	50
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	965	950	15	0	0	15
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,765	2,735	25	0	0	25
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,095	1,080	10	0	10	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,990	1,985	0	0	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	265	265	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	950	950	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	775	775	0	0	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,765	3,715	45	10	0	50
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,620	1,590	30	0	0	30
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	860	850	10	0	0	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	660	660	10	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	625	615	0	10	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	66,405	65,275	990	80	60	1,035
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,065	3,045	15	10	0	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	2,945	2,930	15	0	0	15
113 Forestry and logging	10	10	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	35	35	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	80	75	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	770	15	0	0	15
211 Oil and gas extraction	480	470	0	10	0	10
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	35	30	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	270	270	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	675	665	15	0	0	10
221 Utilities	675	660	10	0	0	15
23 Construction	5,975	5,870	90	10	10	95
236 Construction of buildings	1,550	1,520	25	0	0	25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	645	635	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,780	3,715	60	0	0	60
31-33 Manufacturing	7,255	7,110	120	0	10	130
311 Food manufacturing	195	190	0	10	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	50	45	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	15	15	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	160	160	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	125	125	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	900	880	20	0	0	20
325 Chemical manufacturing	2,210	2,160	40	0	10	40
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	870	855	15	0	0	15
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	185	175	10	0	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	210	200	0	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	970	950	15	0	0	20
333 Machinery manufacturing	400	400	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	60	65	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	15	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	545	540	10	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	105	105	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	160	155	10	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,355	2,330	25	0	0	30
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	80	85	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	810	795	15	0	0	15
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	85	90	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	75	70	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	105	100	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	290	295	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	555	550	0	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	315	315	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	35	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,730	7,625	95	0	15	90
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	855	850	10	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	280	280	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	235	235	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	725	710	10	0	0	15
445 Food and beverage stores	1,965	1,920	30	0	15	30
446 Health and personal care stores	795	785	10	0	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	350	350	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	575	570	10	0	0	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	215	210	0	0	0	10
452 General merchandise stores	890	875	10	0	0	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	645	640	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	195	195	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,820	2,780	30	10	0	35
481 Air transportation	65	60	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	200	200	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	60	55	10	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	1,020	1,015	0	0	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	450	440	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	135	130	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	520	515	0	0	0	10
491 Postal service	145	135	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	110	110	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	105	110	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	680	670	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	180	180	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	55	60	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	85	85	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	115	110	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	230	230	10	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,450	1,415	30	0	0	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	630	625	10	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	295	290	10	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	525	505	20	0	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	905	895	10	0	0	10
531 Real estate	715	710	10	0	0	10
532 Rental and leasing services	185	185	0	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,325	3,285	30	10	0	30
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,325	3,285	25	0	0	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	45	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	45	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,495	3,460	35	0	10	40
561 Administrative and support services	3,085	3,050	30	0	0	30
562 Waste management and remediation services	415	410	10	0	0	10
61 Educational services	4,090	3,915	165	10	0	170
611 Educational services	4,090	3,915	165	15	0	170
62 Health care and social assistance	8,615	8,515	90	10	0	95
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,600	2,565	25	10	0	35
622 Hospitals	2,010	1,990	15	0	0	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,305	2,295	15	0	0	15
624 Social assistance	1,700	1,665	35	0	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,745	1,725	15	10	0	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	245	245	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	120	115	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,390	1,365	15	10	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	5,225	5,100	95	15	15	100
721 Accommodation services	695	675	20	0	0	20
722 Food services and drinking places	4,525	4,425	75	15	10	85
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,405	3,325	70	10	0	75
811 Repair and maintenance	1,095	1,080	0	10	0	10
812 Personal and laundry services	1,075	1,065	15	0	0	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,085	1,030	55	0	0	55
814 Private households	155	150	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,770	2,725	40	0	0	40
911 Federal government public administration	805	775	30	0	0	30
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	450	440	10	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,375	1,370	0	0	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	135	140	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	56,485	55,555	825	65	40	855
Worked at home	3,870	3,785	80	10	0	85
Worked outside Canada	380	370	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	6,040	5,910	110	10	0	115
Worked at usual place	46,190	45,485	625	40	35	645
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	66,400	65,275	995	80	55	1,035
English	65,840	64,940	810	65	25	845
French	300	145	145	0	0	150
Non-official language	90	55	0	0	25	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	55	0	0	25	10
English and French	120	80	30	0	0	35
English and non-official language	60	60	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	66,400	65,275	995	75	55	1,030
None	65,100	64,300	690	65	45	720
English	210	130	70	10	0	70
French	645	405	235	10	0	235
Non-official language	400	400	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	80	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	325	325	0	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	40	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,190	45,485	625	45	35	650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,275	25,830	390	35	30	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,015	14,830	175	0	10	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,740	4,685	45	0	0	50
Commute to a different province or territory	155	140	10	0	0	15
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	52,230	51,400	730	55	40	760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,605	43,920	620	40	30	640
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,090	3,040	40	0	0	40
Public transit	1,165	1,140	15	10	0	15
Walked	2,290	2,240	40	10	0	40
Bicycle	585	555	25	0	0	25
Other method	500	500	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	52,230	51,400	735	55	40	765
Less than 15 minutes	24,055	23,635	375	25	20	385
15 to 29 minutes	18,715	18,455	225	15	20	235
30 to 44 minutes	5,915	5,830	75	15	0	80
45 to 59 minutes	1,670	1,655	15	0	0	15
60 minutes and over	1,875	1,830	40	10	0	45
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	52,230	51,400	730	55	45	760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,510	3,445	70	0	0	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,860	10,705	130	0	20	135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,330	14,120	195	0	10	195
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,770	9,575	170	20	0	180
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,960	4,865	70	15	10	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,800	8,690	100	10	0	105
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	123,335	120,810	2,125	155	250	2,200
Non-movers	109,655	107,465	1,865	155	175	1,945
Movers	13,680	13,350	255	0	75	255
Non-migrants	7,845	7,690	150	0	0	150
Migrants	5,835	5,660	100	0	70	105
Internal migrants	5,395	5,280	95	0	20	90
Intraprovincial migrants	4,875	4,795	55	0	20	60
Interprovincial migrants	525	485	40	0	0	40
External migrants	440	380	10	0	50	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	118,480	116,040	2,080	150	215	2,150
Non-movers	79,570	78,045	1,380	55	95	1,410
Movers	38,910	38,000	700	95	120	745
Non-migrants	21,915	21,515	315	75	15	345
Migrants	16,995	16,485	385	20	105	395
Internal migrants	15,560	15,180	340	15	30	350
Intraprovincial migrants	14,130	13,860	240	0	20	245
Interprovincial migrants	1,435	1,325	100	10	0	105
External migrants	1,435	1,305	50	0	80	50

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Lambton

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.