Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Simcoe
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
0 to 14 years	78,950	77,220	1,185	250	295	1,305
0 to 4 years	24,565	23,945	295	65	260	330
5 to 9 years	26,825	26,345	390	80	20	425
10 to 14 years	27,555	26,935	495	110	20	555
15 to 64 years	311,180	303,090	6,845	415	835	7,050
15 to 19 years	28,535	28,055	435	40	0	455
20 to 24 years	28,840	28,320	455	50	20	475
25 to 29 years	26,990	26,520	385	35	55	400
30 to 34 years	27,945	27,385	490	20	50	500
35 to 39 years	27,955	27,175	675	55	50	705
40 to 44 years	30,175	29,145	895	55	75	925
45 to 49 years	32,590	31,605	865	60	60	890
50 to 54 years	39,650	38,495	965	50	150	985
55 to 59 years	36,910	35,790	915	30	170	935
60 to 64 years	31,585	30,605	765	25	195	775
65 years and over	81,000	77,640	2,190	145	1,020	2,265
65 to 69 years	28,120	27,220	630	35	230	650
70 to 74 years	21,205	20,315	665	40	190	685
75 to 79 years	14,450	13,755	405	20	265	415
80 to 84 years	9,840	9,370	280	35	165	295
85 years and over	7,385	6,985	210	10	175	215
85 to 89 years	5,200	4,940	135	10	120	140
90 to 94 years	1,785	1,670	65	0	45	60
95 to 99 years	385	355	10	0	15	10
100 years and over	20	20	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.4	41.2	46.4	36.5	56.4	not applicable ...
Median age	42.8	42.5	48.5	36.1	64.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	392,180	380,730	9,030	560	1,860	9,310
Married or living common law	237,645	230,035	6,060	345	1,205	6,235
Married	194,775	188,400	4,885	310	1,175	5,045
Living common law	42,870	41,640	1,170	30	30	1,190
Not married and not living common law	154,535	150,700	2,970	220	650	3,080
Never married	97,095	95,345	1,555	125	75	1,615
Separated	13,265	12,875	325	10	55	330
Divorced	24,035	23,255	610	50	125	640
Widowed	20,140	19,230	485	30	405	495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	392,180	380,735	9,035	560	1,860	9,315
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	377,935	366,835	8,750	535	1,810	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,949	44,939	50,590	40,455	21,116	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,036	34,050	39,914	29,703	17,608	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	378,095	366,980	8,760	535	1,815	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,600	37,591	41,867	34,975	19,582	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,924	30,927	35,532	28,734	17,568	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	341,160	331,485	8,065	470	1,135	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,421	43,391	48,496	36,704	19,082	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,059	32,030	38,448	26,272	11,213	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	272,040	263,810	6,180	435	1,615	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,992	7,968	8,342	9,496	10,282	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,076	6,039	6,669	6,960	10,750	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	281,500	274,000	6,465	360	680	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,037	42,921	50,143	38,718	24,325	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,095	32,947	41,856	28,007	16,215	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	87.2	87.2	88.3	80.6	56.8	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	71.3	71.3	73.2	63.5	43.3	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	12.8	12.8	11.6	19.1	43.3	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	392,180	380,730	9,035	560	1,855	9,315
Without total income	14,245	13,890	280	30	45	295
With total income	377,935	366,840	8,750	530	1,810	9,015
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.4	96.8	94.6	97.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	51,525	50,105	845	90	475	890
$10,000 to $19,999	63,970	61,800	1,420	70	680	1,455
$20,000 to $29,999	54,735	53,200	1,105	115	315	1,160
$30,000 to $39,999	44,200	43,045	1,020	45	95	1,040
$40,000 to $49,999	38,090	37,035	920	60	80	945
$50,000 to $59,999	30,270	29,450	720	45	50	750
$60,000 to $69,999	24,160	23,440	640	25	55	650
$70,000 to $79,999	17,900	17,270	580	25	30	590
$80,000 to $89,999	14,120	13,670	420	20	10	430
$90,000 to $99,999	11,595	11,260	310	20	10	320
$100,000 and over	27,370	26,560	770	30	10	780
$100,000 to $149,999	19,645	19,060	555	20	10	570
$150,000 and over	7,725	7,510	210	10	0	210
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	392,185	380,730	9,030	560	1,860	9,310
Without after-tax income	14,090	13,750	275	25	40	285
With after-tax income	378,095	366,980	8,755	535	1,820	9,030
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.4	97.0	95.5	97.8	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	53,360	51,880	905	90	480	955
$10,000 to $19,999	67,470	65,255	1,440	75	700	1,480
$20,000 to $29,999	63,300	61,545	1,320	110	325	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	52,080	50,640	1,255	55	125	1,285
$40,000 to $49,999	43,220	42,060	1,015	75	75	1,055
$50,000 to $59,999	32,060	31,045	915	45	50	940
$60,000 to $69,999	22,780	22,090	635	25	25	650
$70,000 to $79,999	16,405	15,900	485	0	15	485
$80,000 and over	27,415	26,580	785	40	15	805
$80,000 to $89,999	10,530	10,150	345	25	15	355
$90,000 to $99,999	5,380	5,230	150	0	0	150
$100,000 and over	11,510	11,205	290	15	0	300
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	392,180	380,730	9,035	560	1,860	9,315
Without employment income	110,680	106,730	2,570	205	1,180	2,665
With employment income	281,500	274,000	6,465	355	685	6,640
Percentage with employment income	71.8	72.0	71.6	63.4	36.8	71.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	39,850	38,820	825	85	125	870
$5,000 to $9,999	22,975	22,435	390	35	110	410
$10,000 to $19,999	37,460	36,530	745	20	160	755
$20,000 to $29,999	31,195	30,540	550	40	60	570
$30,000 to $39,999	29,115	28,450	580	20	55	590
$40,000 to $49,999	25,890	25,120	660	45	55	685
$50,000 to $59,999	21,690	21,095	530	20	40	545
$60,000 to $69,999	17,340	16,785	515	10	30	525
$70,000 to $79,999	13,630	13,170	435	10	15	440
$80,000 and over	42,360	41,060	1,225	60	25	1,255
$80,000 to $89,999	11,110	10,785	305	20	10	320
$90,000 to $99,999	10,375	10,025	315	20	15	330
$100,000 and over	20,870	20,250	600	15	0	610
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	392,185	380,730	9,030	560	1,860	9,310
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	138,900	135,200	3,410	120	170	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	52,735	52,627	58,655	67,492	36,242	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	61,389	61,259	67,341	72,782	36,950	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,615
English only	437,180	437,185	0	0	0	0
French only	385	0	385	0	0	390
English and French	31,310	20,675	9,825	805	0	10,230
Neither English nor French	2,250	95	0	0	2,155	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	471,125	457,950	10,210	810	2,155	10,620
English	441,000	434,645	6,350	0	0	6,350
French	3,620	235	3,385	0	0	3,380
Non-official language	16,665	13,940	55	515	2,155	315
Aboriginal	55	55	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	16,610	13,890	55	515	2,155	315
English and French	785	215	340	230	0	455
English and non-official language	8,875	8,850	25	0	0	30
French and non-official language	60	15	50	0	0	45
English, French and non-official language	130	50	15	65	0	45
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	471,125	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,615
None	438,735	430,835	5,430	475	1,990	5,670
English	9,245	6,980	1,900	255	105	2,030
French	6,400	3,700	2,685	10	10	2,695
Non-official language	16,395	16,180	135	30	50	150
Aboriginal	450	450	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,940	15,725	130	30	50	145
English and French	40	15	0	25	0	10
English and non-official language	100	80	20	0	0	20
French and non-official language	205	160	45	0	0	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	471,125	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
English	407,480	407,475	10	0	0	10
French	10,680	850	9,830	0	0	9,830
Non-official language	47,345	44,470	155	565	2,155	435
Aboriginal	305	305	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	47,035	44,160	150	565	2,155	435
English and French	1,550	1,215	115	220	0	225
English and non-official language	3,835	3,835	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	40	105	0	0	105
English, French and non-official language	95	70	10	25	0	15
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Official languages	468,880	457,855	10,215	810	0	10,620
English	468,495	457,855	9,830	810	0	10,235
French	31,695	20,670	10,215	805	0	10,620
Non-official languages	62,025	58,485	765	615	2,155	1,075
Aboriginal languages	920	880	40	0	0	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	61,115	57,610	730	615	2,155	1,035
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	21,955	20,510	1,435	15	0	1,440
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	21,260	19,850	1,395	15	0	1,405
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	10,230	10,075	150	0	0	150
Métis	10,885	9,630	1,240	10	0	1,250
Inuk (Inuit)	140	145	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	385	355	25	0	0	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	315	300	10	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	449,170	437,440	8,775	795	2,155	9,175
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	7,045	6,890	155	0	0	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	464,085	451,060	10,060	805	2,155	10,465
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	4,330	4,125	210	0	0	205
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	4,250	4,040	210	0	0	205
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	2,880	2,845	30	0	0	35
Métis single ancestry	1,320	1,145	175	0	0	180
Inuit single ancestry	50	50	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	80	80	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	85	80	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	24,880	23,260	1,580	35	0	1,600
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	24,200	22,685	1,480	30	0	1,500
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,210	13,675	525	10	0	530
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,785	8,810	950	25	0	965
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	200	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	680	575	105	0	0	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	535	95	0	0	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	441,920	430,565	8,425	775	2,155	8,810
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	457,870	445,660	10,090	710	1,415	10,440
Canadian citizens only	446,295	434,665	9,855	580	1,200	10,145
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	11,575	10,995	235	135	215	300
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	13,255	12,295	125	95	740	175
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	471,130	457,950	10,215	805	2,155	10,620
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	407,885	397,575	9,620	370	320	9,805
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	61,605	58,820	585	435	1,765	805
Before 1981	31,260	30,425	230	125	480	290
1981 to 1990	7,905	7,500	95	30	285	115
1991 to 2000	8,990	8,485	70	80	355	110
2001 to 2010	9,340	8,750	135	135	320	205
2001 to 2005	5,030	4,775	55	55	140	80
2006 to 2010	4,305	3,975	80	75	175	120
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	4,110	3,660	60	60	330	90
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	1,640	1,550	0	10	75	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	61,605	58,820	590	435	1,765	805
Under 5 years	8,315	8,160	65	60	35	95
5 to 14 years	13,770	13,530	115	95	25	165
15 to 24 years	15,820	15,435	105	55	230	130
25 to 44 years	20,625	19,360	255	210	805	360
45 years and over	3,080	2,335	50	20	675	65
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	61,610	58,820	585	435	1,765	805
Americas	9,340	9,025	90	100	125	140
Brazil	380	320	15	30	15	30
Colombia	365	315	0	25	20	10
El Salvador	420	390	0	10	25	0
Guyana	770	770	0	0	0	0
Haiti	45	10	35	0	0	40
Jamaica	1,285	1,285	0	0	0	0
Mexico	320	300	0	15	10	10
Peru	185	175	0	0	15	0
Trinidad and Tobago	695	695	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 47}	2,625	2,600	15	10	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	2,245	2,155	20	20	50	25
Europe	37,625	36,260	290	230	845	410
Bosnia and Herzegovina	190	180	0	10	10	10
Croatia	380	375	0	0	0	0
France	260	120	150	0	0	145
Germany	3,515	3,475	10	30	0	20
Greece	450	430	0	10	20	10
Hungary	760	755	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	585	585	0	0	0	0
Italy	3,780	3,495	20	40	225	45
Netherlands	2,385	2,375	0	10	10	0
Poland	2,450	2,365	10	0	75	10
Portugal	3,315	2,880	15	40	380	40
Romania	600	545	0	35	20	15
Russian Federation	830	790	0	25	15	10
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	260	245	0	0	10	10
Ukraine	915	855	0	10	55	10
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	13,410	13,410	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	3,540	3,390	85	25	40	100
Africa	1,880	1,665	180	25	0	190
Algeria	20	15	10	0	0	10
Egypt	200	165	30	0	10	35
Ethiopia	55	50	0	0	0	0
Kenya	160	165	0	0	0	0
Morocco	60	35	25	0	0	20
Nigeria	135	135	0	0	0	0
Somalia	35	30	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	380	380	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	835	695	120	15	0	130
Asia	12,415	11,525	25	80	785	65
Afghanistan	205	195	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	110	100	0	0	10	0
China^{Footnote 51}	1,765	1,435	0	15	320	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	250	245	0	0	10	0
India	1,735	1,600	0	10	125	0
Iran^{Footnote 53}	520	490	10	0	20	10
Iraq	470	445	0	0	25	0
Japan	105	105	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	630	600	0	0	30	0
Lebanon	235	180	10	20	30	20
Pakistan	925	895	0	0	25	0
Philippines	1,925	1,915	0	0	15	0
Sri Lanka	655	630	0	10	20	0
Syria^{Footnote 55}	125	120	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	130	110	0	0	15	0
Viet Nam	815	730	0	10	85	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,815	1,740	10	15	50	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	345	345	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	4,110	3,665	60	60	330	85
Americas	720	675	10	20	20	20
Brazil	55	40	0	15	0	10
Colombia	40	40	0	0	10	0
Cuba	35	20	0	0	10	0
Haiti	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	65	65	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	65	0	10	0	10
United States^{Footnote 58}	235	235	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	200	195	0	0	0	0
Europe	1,095	1,025	20	0	50	20
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	85	80	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	120	90	0	0	25	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	345	345	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	460	435	0	0	15	10
Africa	190	170	20	0	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	40	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	85	10	0	0	10
Asia	2,060	1,750	15	35	260	30
Afghanistan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	35	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 63}	370	215	0	10	150	10
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	350	300	0	0	50	0
Iran^{Footnote 65}	65	40	10	0	10	10
Iraq	50	45	0	0	10	0
Israel	55	45	0	10	0	10
Japan	30	35	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	10	10	0	10
Nepal	25	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	135	130	0	0	0	0
Philippines	480	480	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	55	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 67}	100	90	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	25	0	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	115	0	0	15	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Australia	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	15	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
First generation^{Footnote 71}	65,230	62,295	650	445	1,840	870
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	91,650	90,640	565	170	275	645
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	314,250	305,015	9,005	190	40	9,100
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	31,370	29,370	375	310	1,315	530
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	13,880	13,200	200	185	295	290
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	5,370	5,065	95	65	145	125
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	8,515	8,135	105	115	155	170
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	12,145	11,085	150	80	830	190
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	4,935	4,685	25	50	180	50
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	410	400	0	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	471,130	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,620
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	33,960	32,300	385	235	1,040	505
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	7,245	6,895	35	65	250	65
Chinese	4,100	3,655	30	30	380	45
Black	7,150	6,930	175	40	0	195
Filipino	3,140	3,130	0	0	10	0
Latin American	3,985	3,775	25	60	130	55
Arab	970	865	40	10	50	50
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	2,235	2,125	0	10	105	10
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	1,070	1,000	10	20	40	20
Korean	950	900	10	0	45	0
Japanese	580	570	10	0	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	1,245	1,220	20	0	0	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	1,295	1,245	35	0	15	40
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	437,165	425,650	9,830	570	1,115	10,115
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	471,125	457,950	10,215	810	2,155	10,615
North American Aboriginal origins	29,215	27,390	1,795	30	0	1,810
First Nations (North American Indian)	17,835	17,160	660	10	0	665
Inuit	300	290	10	0	0	10
Métis	11,840	10,595	1,225	25	0	1,235
Other North American origins	164,685	159,015	5,495	105	70	5,545
Acadian	615	535	75	0	0	75
American	5,405	5,350	55	0	0	50
Canadian	160,465	154,950	5,350	95	70	5,400
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	750	745	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	80	75	0	0	0	0
Québécois	175	105	70	0	0	70
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	25	30	0	0	0	0
European origins	363,380	354,590	7,115	565	1,105	7,400
British Isles origins	260,975	258,990	1,865	105	20	1,920
Channel Islander	25	25	0	0	0	0
Cornish	50	45	0	0	0	0
English	158,400	157,495	850	50	0	875
Irish	109,905	108,965	890	40	10	910
Manx	165	165	0	0	0	0
Scottish	114,265	113,705	495	55	0	525
Welsh	10,210	10,190	20	0	0	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	15,960	15,905	60	0	0	55
French origins	58,115	51,580	6,350	180	15	6,435
Alsatian	60	55	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	15	15	0	0	0	0
French	58,050	51,520	6,345	175	15	6,430
Western European origins (except French origins)	76,420	75,735	575	85	30	620
Austrian	3,485	3,475	0	0	10	10
Bavarian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,655	1,530	125	0	0	125
Dutch	25,145	25,050	70	20	0	80
Flemish	120	125	0	0	0	0
Frisian	95	90	0	0	0	0
German	49,255	48,835	345	60	25	370
Luxembourger	35	35	0	0	0	0
Swiss	2,225	2,165	55	10	0	55
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	45	45	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	12,430	12,350	70	10	10	70
Danish	2,935	2,915	20	0	0	20
Finnish	3,595	3,555	25	10	0	25
Icelandic	510	510	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,860	2,845	15	0	0	15
Swedish	2,830	2,825	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	605	595	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins	44,380	43,705	195	160	315	275
Bulgarian	410	410	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	195	190	0	10	0	10
Czech	1,505	1,505	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	535	535	0	0	0	0
Estonian	675	665	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	5,380	5,325	30	0	15	30
Latvian	925	920	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,225	1,210	0	0	10	0
Moldovan	80	70	0	10	0	0
Polish	17,230	17,010	105	25	90	115
Romanian	1,835	1,770	10	45	20	25
Russian	5,130	4,945	10	50	120	40
Slovak	1,215	1,205	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	14,335	14,115	60	45	115	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	155	150	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	57,110	55,645	495	225	745	605
Albanian	185	175	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	175	175	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,820	1,795	10	15	10	10
Cypriot	60	60	0	0	0	0
Greek	3,305	3,245	35	15	15	40
Italian	33,940	33,275	305	100	260	355
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	990	985	0	0	10	0
Maltese	1,775	1,775	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	20	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	11,435	10,875	75	85	400	115
Serbian	675	655	0	10	0	15
Sicilian	185	180	10	0	0	10
Slovenian	1,105	1,095	0	0	10	0
Spanish	4,575	4,445	65	30	35	80
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	830	820	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	50	50	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	2,045	1,970	30	25	25	40
Basque	45	40	10	0	0	10
Jewish	1,165	1,110	10	25	25	20
Roma (Gypsy)	35	40	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	50	50	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	745	735	10	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	7,720	7,540	130	25	25	145
Antiguan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	90	85	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	560	555	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	85	90	0	0	0	0
Carib	65	60	0	0	0	0
Cuban	230	215	0	0	20	0
Dominican	155	135	15	0	0	20
Grenadian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	145	50	80	15	0	90
Jamaican	4,445	4,420	25	10	0	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	50	50	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,025	1,010	10	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	160	160	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	815	815	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	175	175	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	6,525	6,290	45	70	120	80
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	235	230	0	0	0	0
Arawak	45	45	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	490	455	25	0	0	25
Belizean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	55	50	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	515	490	0	10	10	0
Chilean	295	285	0	0	10	0
Colombian	610	545	0	30	30	15
Costa Rican	70	70	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	835	820	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	250	245	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	1,185	1,180	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	100	95	0	0	0	0
Honduran	55	50	0	0	0	0
Maya	40	30	0	0	0	0
Mexican	700	670	0	15	20	10
Nicaraguan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	375	360	0	0	15	0
Salvadorean	540	495	20	0	20	25
Uruguayan	225	220	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	110	115	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	165	160	0	0	0	0
African origins	3,995	3,800	165	20	15	175
Central and West African origins	535	470	60	10	0	65
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	30	10	20	0	0	20
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	15	0	0	15
Chadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	10	10	0	0	10
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	185	165	20	0	0	20
Guinean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	205	210	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	25	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins	640	580	50	0	0	55
Algerian	75	50	20	0	0	20
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	355	335	20	0	0	20
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	160	155	10	0	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	25	20	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	1,180	1,155	25	0	0	25
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	115	120	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	55	50	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	85	0	0	0	0
South African	610	590	25	0	0	25
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	170	175	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	60	60	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,655	1,605	25	10	10	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	250	245	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	1,405	1,360	25	10	10	35
Asian origins	25,220	23,925	205	180	905	300
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,020	4,760	65	70	120	100
Afghan	325	310	0	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	255	235	0	10	0	15
Armenian	460	455	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	280	255	0	0	25	0
Azerbaijani	25	25	0	0	0	0
Georgian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	835	795	10	10	25	15
Iraqi	525	505	10	10	10	10
Israeli	245	235	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	70	70	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,105	1,040	25	20	30	35
Palestinian	200	200	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	40	40	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	235	225	0	0	10	0
Tajik	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	50	50	0	0	0	0
Turk	425	395	10	10	10	15
Turkmen	20	20	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	25	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	20	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	170	155	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	7,885	7,505	70	65	240	105
Bangladeshi	45	35	0	0	10	0
Bengali	95	90	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	5,365	5,145	60	35	125	75
Goan	90	90	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nepali	50	45	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,060	1,020	0	0	40	0
Punjabi	265	240	0	0	20	0
Sinhalese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	745	685	10	25	30	20
Tamil	160	150	0	10	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	235	215	0	0	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	12,580	11,920	75	45	545	95
Burmese	120	120	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	535	525	0	0	10	0
Chinese	5,480	5,025	40	35	380	60
Filipino	3,460	3,450	0	0	10	0
Hmong	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	180	175	0	0	0	0
Japanese	810	795	10	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,010	950	10	0	50	10
Laotian	375	365	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	100	95	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	65	65	0	0	0	0
Thai	110	105	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,435	1,320	15	0	100	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	45	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	45	45	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	795	795	0	0	0	0
Australian	500	495	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	190	190	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	105	105	0	0	0	0
Fijian	45	50	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	392,180	380,730	9,030	560	1,860	9,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	74,780	71,945	1,560	110	1,165	1,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	121,240	118,345	2,420	100	380	2,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	196,160	190,440	5,050	355	310	5,225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	31,065	30,110	865	20	70	870
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	14,215	13,635	535	15	30	545
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	16,850	16,480	330	10	40	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	97,780	95,105	2,440	105	130	2,495
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,585	6,395	170	10	10	170
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	60,730	58,835	1,570	220	105	1,685
Bachelor's degree	44,465	43,130	1,110	130	90	1,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,670	4,525	110	45	0	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,645	1,575	50	20	0	60
Master's degree	8,945	8,650	255	25	10	270
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	1,005	945	45	0	10	50
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	392,180	380,730	9,030	565	1,860	9,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	196,025	190,285	3,985	210	1,545	4,085
Education	12,415	11,900	460	30	25	475
13. Education	12,415	11,900	460	35	20	475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,545	7,380	135	15	10	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,325	1,305	20	0	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	6,220	6,080	120	15	10	130
Humanities	8,310	8,020	215	50	15	240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	510	465	40	0	0	45
23. English language and literature/letters	2,180	2,170	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,080	1,990	70	0	15	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	35	35	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	550	540	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	950	925	20	0	0	25
54. History	1,625	1,585	25	10	0	35
55. French language and literature/letters	380	320	50	10	0	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	23,460	22,875	505	50	30	530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	255	245	15	0	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,025	1,980	45	0	0	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,630	5,485	130	10	15	130
22. Legal professions and studies	3,810	3,715	90	0	0	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	490	485	0	0	0	10
42. Psychology	4,055	3,920	125	10	0	130
45. Social sciences	7,190	7,050	100	30	15	115
Business, management and public administration	36,690	35,575	960	75	80	1,000
30.16 Accounting and computer science	100	95	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,570	3,465	95	0	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	33,020	32,015	865	75	70	900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,820	4,715	95	0	10	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,045	1,995	55	0	0	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,250	1,230	20	0	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	70	75	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,125	1,100	15	0	10	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	325	315	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,100	4,965	120	10	0	125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,990	3,865	115	0	0	115
25. Library science	355	350	0	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	665	660	0	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	95	95	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	42,385	41,170	1,060	60	95	1,090
04. Architecture and related services	1,250	1,230	20	0	0	20
14. Engineering	4,705	4,490	150	35	25	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	9,750	9,480	235	10	20	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	9,895	9,645	220	0	25	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10,505	10,225	270	0	10	270
48. Precision production	6,280	6,100	165	10	10	165
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,960	3,885	60	0	10	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,285	2,255	25	0	0	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,670	1,630	35	10	0	40
Health and related fields	34,515	33,575	880	40	10	900
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,340	3,265	75	0	0	75
51. Health professions and related programs	30,790	29,955	785	40	10	805
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	380	360	20	0	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	16,910	16,315	545	15	25	555
12. Personal and culinary services	7,605	7,380	195	10	20	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	45	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	155	120	30	0	10	25
43. Security and protective services	6,100	5,910	190	10	0	185
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,005	2,855	135	10	0	140
Other	60	55	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	60	55	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	392,180	380,730	9,030	560	1,860	9,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	196,025	190,285	3,980	205	1,550	4,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	196,155	190,445	5,050	355	310	5,225
Location of study inside Canada	177,625	172,580	4,835	185	30	4,925
Same as province or territory of residence	167,630	163,785	3,665	150	35	3,740
Different than province or territory of residence	9,995	8,795	1,165	35	0	1,185
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	18,530	17,865	215	165	280	305
United States^{Footnote 130}	3,600	3,525	55	20	0	60
Philippines	1,015	1,010	0	0	0	0
India	865	830	0	0	35	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	3,595	3,575	15	10	0	15
China^{Footnote 132}	590	515	0	0	75	0
France	95	30	65	0	0	70
Other	8,770	8,375	80	145	165	155
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	392,180	380,730	9,035	565	1,855	not applicable ...
In the labour force	256,760	250,105	5,850	300	505	not applicable ...
Employed	238,925	232,680	5,515	265	475	not applicable ...
Unemployed	17,835	17,425	335	35	35	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	135,420	130,625	3,180	260	1,355	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.5	65.7	64.7	53.1	27.2	not applicable ...
Employment rate	60.9	61.1	61.0	46.9	25.6	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.0	5.7	11.7	6.9	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	392,185	380,735	9,030	560	1,860	9,310
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	125,435	120,945	2,935	240	1,315	3,060
Worked	266,750	259,785	6,095	315	545	6,250
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	142,570	138,750	3,505	130	185	3,565
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	124,180	121,035	2,595	185	360	2,690
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.2	44.1	40.1	39.6	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	274,315	267,150	6,240	335	590	6,410
a.Management	29,335	28,530	760	15	35	760
00 Senior management occupations	2,520	2,415	95	0	10	100
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	7,885	7,575	310	0	0	310
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	11,155	10,965	165	0	20	165
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	7,785	7,580	185	0	10	190
b.Professional	35,440	34,250	1,085	100	10	1,135
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	5,810	5,655	145	10	0	150
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,135	4,995	120	20	0	130
30 Professional occupations in nursing	4,685	4,605	75	0	0	75
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,995	2,895	90	10	0	90
40 Professional occupations in education services	9,955	9,460	455	40	0	470
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	4,900	4,745	150	0	0	150
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,965	1,890	60	10	10	70
c.Technical and paraprofessional	28,815	27,760	1,005	35	15	1,020
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	7,520	7,305	190	15	0	200
32 Technical occupations in health	5,110	4,985	115	10	0	115
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	5,825	5,610	195	10	10	200
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	4,940	4,575	365	0	0	360
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,420	5,280	140	0	0	140
d.Administration and administrative support	31,175	30,380	735	40	25	755
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	12,470	12,095	355	20	0	370
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,635	2,585	50	0	10	50
14 Office support occupations	10,740	10,485	240	0	0	250
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	5,330	5,220	90	10	10	95
e.Sales	29,530	29,075	395	30	30	415
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	6,180	6,065	100	10	0	100
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	13,915	13,730	150	15	15	160
66 Sales support occupations	9,435	9,275	145	0	10	150
f.Personal and customer information services	50,450	49,055	1,125	85	185	1,165
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	5,060	4,955	105	10	0	105
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	5,535	5,315	185	10	30	190
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	8,145	7,900	145	15	90	150
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	13,880	13,450	375	40	15	395
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	17,825	17,440	320	20	45	330
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	26,810	26,150	525	25	115	530
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	17,565	17,090	345	25	105	355
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	9,240	9,060	170	0	10	175
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	20,965	20,595	275	10	95	275
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	4,625	4,545	75	0	10	75
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	11,495	11,340	120	10	30	120
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	4,840	4,710	80	0	50	80
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	6,050	5,930	95	0	20	95
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	980	970	10	0	0	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,365	1,320	30	0	20	30
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,700	3,645	55	0	0	55
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15,750	15,435	250	10	65	255
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,175	2,135	45	0	0	40
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	3,160	3,085	65	0	10	65
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	7,130	7,000	110	0	20	110
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,290	3,220	35	0	35	35
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	274,315	267,150	6,245	335	585	6,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,190	4,070	80	0	40	85
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	3,720	3,605	75	0	35	80
113 Forestry and logging	75	80	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	25	30	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	360	355	10	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	755	25	0	0	25
211 Oil and gas extraction	75	70	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	440	420	20	0	0	20
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	260	265	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	2,185	2,125	60	0	10	60
221 Utilities	2,190	2,125	60	0	0	60
23 Construction	26,845	26,170	515	25	135	530
236 Construction of buildings	7,255	7,045	185	0	25	185
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	3,200	3,110	60	10	30	60
238 Specialty trade contractors	16,390	16,020	270	20	80	280
31-33 Manufacturing	29,295	28,655	520	25	90	530
311 Food manufacturing	1,640	1,595	35	0	15	35
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	530	520	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	130	125	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	150	150	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	150	150	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	610	610	0	0	0	10
322 Paper manufacturing	710	690	20	0	10	20
323 Printing and related support activities	995	975	20	0	0	15
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	75	80	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	1,115	1,080	30	0	0	30
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	1,845	1,810	35	0	0	35
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	1,695	1,645	25	0	15	30
331 Primary metal manufacturing	505	500	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	2,890	2,825	60	0	10	60
333 Machinery manufacturing	2,975	2,895	75	0	0	75
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	485	480	10	0	0	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	520	495	15	10	0	20
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	9,530	9,370	130	10	20	140
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	1,115	1,080	20	0	15	20
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	1,585	1,540	30	0	15	30
41 Wholesale trade	10,140	9,945	175	10	15	175
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	95	90	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	170	165	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	1,370	1,345	20	0	10	20
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	1,040	1,025	10	0	10	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	1,015	1,000	20	0	0	20
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	2,050	2,030	15	0	0	20
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	2,665	2,590	65	0	0	70
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	1,400	1,370	30	0	0	35
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	335	330	10	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	34,670	34,100	480	45	45	500
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	4,640	4,575	60	0	0	65
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	1,145	1,125	20	0	10	20
443 Electronics and appliance stores	1,400	1,385	20	0	0	15
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	3,100	3,055	35	0	0	35
445 Food and beverage stores	6,840	6,735	85	10	20	85
446 Health and personal care stores	2,865	2,800	60	10	0	60
447 Gasoline stations	900	875	20	0	10	15
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	3,265	3,215	45	10	0	50
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	1,760	1,755	10	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	5,155	5,065	70	10	0	75
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	2,520	2,465	40	0	10	40
454 Non-store retailers	1,075	1,045	25	0	0	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	12,120	11,810	260	25	15	280
481 Air transportation	1,175	1,050	115	15	0	120
482 Rail transportation	530	500	25	0	0	25
483 Water transportation	60	60	10	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	3,435	3,375	35	10	15	35
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	2,585	2,535	40	0	0	45
486 Pipeline transportation	35	35	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	45	45	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,595	1,575	10	10	0	20
491 Postal service	1,030	1,010	20	0	0	20
492 Couriers and messengers	1,005	990	10	10	0	10
493 Warehousing and storage	630	630	10	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	4,740	4,625	105	10	0	110
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	965	945	20	0	0	25
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	645	645	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	440	435	10	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	1,860	1,795	60	10	0	60
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	125	110	10	0	0	10
519 Other information services	700	695	10	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	7,200	7,080	115	0	10	115
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	3,745	3,690	50	10	10	50
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	1,065	1,040	25	0	0	25
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	2,370	2,330	40	0	0	40
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	20	25	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	5,320	5,200	115	0	10	115
531 Real estate	4,500	4,385	110	10	0	105
532 Rental and leasing services	790	790	10	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	25	25	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	14,210	13,940	240	20	0	255
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	14,210	13,940	240	20	0	250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	285	270	10	0	0	10
551 Management of companies and enterprises	280	275	10	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	14,845	14,525	275	20	25	285
561 Administrative and support services	13,950	13,645	255	20	25	265
562 Waste management and remediation services	890	880	15	0	0	15
61 Educational services	18,200	17,395	755	50	0	780
611 Educational services	18,195	17,395	755	45	0	780
62 Health care and social assistance	29,960	29,175	735	25	30	750
621 Ambulatory health care services	10,095	9,835	245	15	0	260
622 Hospitals	7,140	6,980	150	10	0	155
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	7,155	6,985	165	10	0	170
624 Social assistance	5,570	5,375	165	0	30	165
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	8,305	8,115	170	10	15	175
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	1,270	1,230	40	0	0	40
712 Heritage institutions	415	390	20	0	0	25
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	6,620	6,495	115	10	0	120
72 Accommodation and food services	21,515	21,070	335	15	95	345
721 Accommodation services	3,545	3,525	20	0	0	20
722 Food services and drinking places	17,970	17,545	315	10	95	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,475	11,155	260	10	50	260
811 Repair and maintenance	4,305	4,200	85	0	15	90
812 Personal and laundry services	3,920	3,845	60	0	10	60
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,605	2,510	90	0	15	85
814 Private households	645	605	30	0	15	25
91 Public administration	18,045	16,980	1,025	35	0	1,040
911 Federal government public administration	5,455	4,720	720	15	0	730
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	4,115	3,965	130	20	10	140
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	8,240	8,065	175	0	0	175
914 Aboriginal public administration	220	220	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	238,930	232,680	5,510	260	475	5,645
Worked at home	17,555	17,090	410	10	45	415
Worked outside Canada	730	705	20	0	0	20
No fixed workplace address	32,460	31,600	670	50	140	690
Worked at usual place	188,185	183,285	4,415	200	290	4,520
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	274,315	267,150	6,245	335	590	6,410
English	270,340	264,975	4,930	245	195	5,050
French	1,430	515	890	25	0	905
Non-official language	995	630	0	20	340	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	990	625	0	20	345	15
English and French	850	390	415	45	0	435
English and non-official language	690	620	10	0	55	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	274,315	267,150	6,245	335	590	6,410
None	265,625	261,050	3,880	240	460	3,995
English	1,280	735	450	20	70	460
French	4,490	2,560	1,890	45	0	1,910
Non-official language	2,790	2,695	10	25	60	25
Aboriginal	125	130	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,665	2,565	15	30	60	25
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	15
French and non-official language	85	80	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	188,190	183,280	4,415	200	285	4,515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	74,390	72,335	1,855	85	115	1,895
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	64,795	62,995	1,735	25	40	1,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	48,370	47,380	775	90	130	815
Commute to a different province or territory	630	575	55	0	0	55
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	220,645	214,885	5,085	250	430	5,205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	186,750	181,810	4,445	210	285	4,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15,155	14,815	225	25	85	235
Public transit	6,355	6,220	120	0	10	125
Walked	8,960	8,745	175	0	35	175
Bicycle	1,260	1,225	30	0	0	30
Other method	2,170	2,065	90	10	10	95
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	220,645	214,885	5,080	255	425	5,210
Less than 15 minutes	66,125	64,270	1,675	75	100	1,715
15 to 29 minutes	64,305	62,535	1,630	45	95	1,650
30 to 44 minutes	34,255	33,440	680	45	90	700
45 to 59 minutes	20,725	20,170	485	30	45	495
60 minutes and over	35,240	34,475	605	60	95	635
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	220,645	214,885	5,085	250	430	5,205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	24,400	23,875	435	20	70	445
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	41,180	39,990	1,055	35	100	1,075
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	53,405	51,690	1,595	65	60	1,625
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	42,065	41,010	985	50	25	1,005
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	21,110	20,650	325	35	90	340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	38,480	37,670	690	45	80	715
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	466,310	453,270	10,180	790	2,070	10,575
Non-movers	404,885	393,885	8,705	620	1,675	9,010
Movers	61,425	59,385	1,480	170	395	1,565
Non-migrants	26,305	25,725	495	30	60	510
Migrants	35,115	33,665	990	135	330	1,055
Internal migrants	33,400	32,105	955	120	220	1,015
Intraprovincial migrants	31,150	30,145	685	110	210	740
Interprovincial migrants	2,255	1,965	270	10	10	280
External migrants	1,720	1,555	30	15	115	40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	446,565	434,005	9,915	750	1,895	10,290
Non-movers	270,230	263,320	5,685	290	935	5,830
Movers	176,335	170,685	4,230	455	965	4,460
Non-migrants	72,580	70,990	1,345	95	150	1,400
Migrants	103,755	99,695	2,880	360	810	3,060
Internal migrants	98,410	94,790	2,825	295	500	2,970
Intraprovincial migrants	92,200	89,505	1,945	270	485	2,080
Interprovincial migrants	6,210	5,290	880	30	10	895
External migrants	5,345	4,905	60	60	320	90

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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