Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Essa, TP

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	20,120	18,710	1,315	65	30	1,350
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	20,120	18,710	1,315	65	25	1,355
0 to 14 years	3,935	3,585	320	25	10	330
0 to 4 years	1,345	1,240	90	10	10	95
5 to 9 years	1,260	1,140	105	10	0	110
10 to 14 years	1,330	1,205	130	0	0	130
15 to 64 years	13,980	12,990	925	40	20	950
15 to 19 years	1,405	1,310	85	10	0	90
20 to 24 years	1,255	1,155	70	25	0	80
25 to 29 years	1,265	1,185	70	0	0	70
30 to 34 years	1,495	1,360	135	10	0	130
35 to 39 years	1,315	1,130	185	0	0	185
40 to 44 years	1,370	1,240	130	0	0	130
45 to 49 years	1,515	1,400	110	0	0	110
50 to 54 years	1,805	1,720	85	0	0	85
55 to 59 years	1,455	1,405	55	0	0	55
60 to 64 years	1,110	1,095	0	0	10	0
65 years and over	2,205	2,130	65	10	0	70
65 to 69 years	890	865	25	0	0	25
70 to 74 years	590	575	15	10	0	20
75 to 79 years	285	280	10	0	0	10
80 to 84 years	200	190	0	0	0	0
85 years and over	235	225	10	0	0	10
85 to 89 years	185	175	10	0	0	10
90 to 94 years	40	35	10	0	0	10
95 to 99 years	10	10	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	37.5	38.0	32.1	23.7	46.5	not applicable ...
Median age	37.8	38.4	34.1	20.8	46.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	16,185	15,120	995	45	20	1,020
Married or living common law	10,330	9,610	700	10	15	700
Married	8,270	7,810	445	10	15	445
Living common law	2,060	1,800	260	0	0	260
Not married and not living common law	5,855	5,510	295	45	10	315
Never married	3,995	3,730	220	40	0	240
Separated	490	465	20	0	0	25
Divorced	730	705	30	0	0	30
Widowed	635	620	15	0	10	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	16,185	15,125	995	45	25	1,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,425	14,410	950	45	25	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,121	45,837	52,175	27,227	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,918	38,588	53,816	20,924	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,425	14,405	950	45	20	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,654	38,402	43,810	24,411	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,804	34,575	46,875	20,796	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,150	13,200	890	40	20	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,241	44,874	51,995	0	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,902	37,491	55,462	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,160	9,560	555	35	15	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,018	7,122	5,364	0	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,143	4,213	2,426	0	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,575	11,700	825	35	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,143	44,624	53,449	0	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,923	38,335	58,108	0	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	90.0	89.7	94.4	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	79.8	79.1	89.4	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.0	10.3	6.0	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	16,185	15,125	995	45	20	1,020
Without total income	760	710	45	0	0	50
With total income	15,425	14,410	945	50	20	970
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.3	95.0	100.0	100.0	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,035	1,895	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$10,000 to $19,999	2,190	2,095	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$20,000 to $29,999	1,955	1,850	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$30,000 to $39,999	1,740	1,660	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$40,000 to $49,999	1,690	1,590	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	100
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	1,155	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$60,000 to $69,999	1,410	1,265	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
$70,000 to $79,999	975	860	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$80,000 to $89,999	705	645	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$90,000 to $99,999	495	460	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	1,010	940	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$100,000 to $149,999	755	700	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$150,000 and over	245	240	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	16,190	15,125	990	45	20	1,015
Without after-tax income	760	710	45	0	0	50
With after-tax income	15,425	14,410	945	50	25	970
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.3	95.5	100.0	100.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,075	1,935	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$10,000 to $19,999	2,335	2,235	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$20,000 to $29,999	2,360	2,225	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	125
$30,000 to $39,999	2,145	2,035	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$40,000 to $49,999	1,820	1,730	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	90
$50,000 to $59,999	1,815	1,630	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	185
$60,000 to $69,999	1,160	1,045	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$70,000 to $79,999	735	670	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$80,000 and over	975	905	65	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$80,000 to $89,999	420	365	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50
$90,000 to $99,999	180	180	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0
$100,000 and over	370	360	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	16,190	15,120	995	50	25	1,015
Without employment income	3,615	3,420	165	15	10	175
With employment income	12,570	11,705	825	30	10	840
Percentage with employment income	77.6	77.4	82.9	60.0	40.0	82.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,340	1,270	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$5,000 to $9,999	880	845	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	35
$10,000 to $19,999	1,575	1,495	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	85
$20,000 to $29,999	1,215	1,150	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$30,000 to $39,999	1,400	1,315	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	80
$40,000 to $49,999	1,295	1,225	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70
$50,000 to $59,999	1,055	990	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	60
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	990	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	145
$70,000 to $79,999	860	735	120	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$80,000 and over	1,810	1,680	125	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	130
$80,000 to $89,999	535	500	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30
$90,000 to $99,999	490	445	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40
$100,000 and over	790	735	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	16,185	15,120	995	50	25	1,020
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	6,965	6,495	455	0	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	55,311	54,062	62,423	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	59,699	59,580	61,099	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	20,120	18,710	1,320	70	25	1,355
English only	17,905	17,900	0	0	0	0
French only	175	0	175	0	0	175
English and French	2,020	810	1,140	70	0	1,180
Neither English nor French	25	0	0	0	25	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	20,125	18,710	1,315	65	25	1,350
English	18,510	18,120	385	0	0	390
French	860	10	855	0	0	855
Non-official language	415	325	15	45	30	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	410	325	10	45	30	40
English and French	110	35	55	20	0	70
English and non-official language	230	225	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	20,120	18,710	1,315	70	30	1,350
None	18,735	17,860	820	35	25	835
English	480	165	280	35	0	300
French	345	140	210	0	0	205
Non-official language	560	550	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	560	545	10	10	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	20,120	18,710	1,315	70	30	1,350
English	17,200	17,195	0	0	0	0
French	1,305	40	1,265	0	0	1,265
Non-official language	1,375	1,300	0	50	25	25
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,370	1,290	0	45	30	30
English and French	90	35	35	15	0	45
English and non-official language	135	135	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	20,125	18,710	1,315	70	25	1,350
Official languages	20,095	18,715	1,315	70	0	1,350
English	19,920	18,710	1,140	70	0	1,175
French	2,195	810	1,315	70	0	1,350
Non-official languages	1,900	1,770	40	60	25	75
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,890	1,765	40	55	30	70
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	20,125	18,710	1,315	70	25	1,350
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	665	605	60	0	0	60
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	650	590	55	0	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	315	300	10	0	0	15
Métis	335	290	45	0	0	45
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,460	18,105	1,260	70	25	1,295
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	20,125	18,710	1,320	65	25	1,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	195	185	15	0	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,930	18,525	1,305	70	30	1,340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	20,120	18,710	1,320	70	25	1,355
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	180	175	10	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	185	175	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	155	145	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	25	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	935	785	140	10	0	145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	925	775	145	10	0	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	460	105	10	0	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	345	305	45	0	0	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	19,005	17,755	1,165	60	25	1,195
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	20,125	18,710	1,315	65	25	1,350
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	19,740	18,350	1,305	70	15	1,345
Canadian citizens only	19,320	17,960	1,295	50	15	1,325
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	420	390	15	20	0	20
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	380	360	0	0	15	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	20,120	18,710	1,320	70	25	1,350
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	18,210	16,890	1,280	30	10	1,295
Immigrants^Footnote 42	1,860	1,760	40	40	20	55
Before 1981	925	895	15	0	0	15
1981 to 1990	260	240	10	0	10	10
1991 to 2000	325	285	0	35	0	20
2001 to 2010	245	230	10	0	0	10
2001 to 2005	185	185	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	55	50	10	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	110	100	10	0	10	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	60	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	1,860	1,760	40	40	20	60
Under 5 years	290	250	10	25	0	25
5 to 14 years	420	410	10	0	0	10
15 to 24 years	510	500	10	0	10	15
25 to 44 years	550	515	10	10	10	10
45 years and over	85	85	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	1,855	1,760	40	45	20	55
Americas	365	330	10	20	0	20
Brazil	30	25	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	0	15	0	10
El Salvador	40	35	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	20	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	30	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	100	95	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	80	10	0	0	10
Europe	1,170	1,140	10	20	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	0	10	0	10
Croatia	0	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	120	115	0	0	0	10
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	35	35	0	0	0	0
Italy	80	80	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	90	85	0	0	0	0
Poland	70	60	0	0	10	0
Portugal	110	115	0	0	0	0
Romania	45	45	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	15	0	10	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	400	400	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	135	0	0	10	0
Africa	95	70	25	0	0	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	45	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	205	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	25	25	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	30	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	35	35	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	35	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	55	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	25	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	110	100	0	0	10	10
Americas	40	35	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	25	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	45	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	20,125	18,710	1,315	70	25	1,350
First generation^Footnote 71	2,020	1,915	45	40	20	65
Second generation^Footnote 72	3,290	3,245	30	10	10	35
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	14,815	13,550	1,240	20	0	1,255
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	980	910	20	35	15	40
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	415	395	0	20	0	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	160	160	0	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	255	235	0	25	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	385	360	20	0	0	25
Refugees^Footnote 79	170	145	0	15	10	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	20,125	18,710	1,315	65	25	1,350
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	880	815	30	35	0	50
South Asian^Footnote 83	150	150	0	0	0	0
Chinese	90	90	0	0	0	0
Black	190	165	15	10	0	20
Filipino	75	75	0	0	0	0
Latin American	190	175	0	20	0	0
Arab	30	10	20	0	0	15
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	25	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	65	65	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	19,245	17,895	1,285	35	25	1,305
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	20,125	18,710	1,315	70	25	1,355
North American Aboriginal origins	1,115	960	150	10	0	155
First Nations (North American Indian)	735	620	105	10	0	115
Inuit	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	385	340	40	0	0	40
Other North American origins	8,270	7,360	895	15	0	905
Acadian	110	90	20	0	0	20
American	205	205	0	0	0	10
Canadian	8,015	7,145	860	15	0	865
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	40	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	0	25	0	0	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	15,010	14,235	715	35	20	735
British Isles origins	10,905	10,740	165	0	0	165
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,320	6,245	75	0	0	75
Irish	4,625	4,520	95	0	0	95
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,700	4,650	50	10	0	50
Welsh	365	370	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	690	680	10	0	0	0
French origins	2,730	2,070	655	0	0	660
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,730	2,070	655	10	0	655
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,240	3,185	55	0	0	55
Austrian	150	150	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	90	85	10	0	0	10
Dutch	1,110	1,095	10	10	0	10
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
German	2,000	1,960	40	0	0	45
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	65	65	0	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	520	515	0	0	10	0
Danish	100	100	0	0	0	0
Finnish	245	235	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	95	95	0	0	0	0
Swedish	70	70	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	15	15	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,920	1,890	10	10	15	10
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	120	115	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	25	25	0	0	0	0
Estonian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	230	225	0	0	0	0
Latvian	40	45	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	735	715	10	0	0	10
Romanian	105	100	0	0	0	0
Russian	195	190	0	10	0	10
Slovak	50	45	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	585	580	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,225	2,190	15	20	0	25
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	45	0	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	90	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,335	1,320	10	10	0	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	45	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	420	420	0	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Spanish	175	170	10	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	50	50	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	70	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	40	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	25	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	235	200	20	15	0	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	10	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	10	0	15	0	10
Jamaican	70	70	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	20	10	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	15	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	270	255	0	15	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	10	0	20	0	10
Costa Rican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	45	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	35	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	55	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	215	180	30	0	0	30
Central and West African origins	20	15	10	0	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	60	35	25	0	0	25
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	0	15	0	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	30	0	0	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	55	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	20	0	0	0	0
South African	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	80	80	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	75	75	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	555	540	0	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	95	80	10	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	20	10	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	15	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	190	185	0	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	155	150	0	0	0	10
Goan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	300	300	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	120	120	0	0	0	0
Filipino	85	90	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	30	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	75	70	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	50	0	0	0	0
Fijian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	16,185	15,120	995	45	20	1,015
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,215	3,055	155	0	0	155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	5,405	5,125	265	10	10	265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,565	6,945	575	40	10	595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,370	1,210	155	0	0	155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	675	560	115	10	0	115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	690	650	40	0	0	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,005	3,710	280	15	10	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	255	10	0	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,920	1,770	125	20	0	140
Bachelor's degree	1,505	1,395	95	20	0	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	130	15	10	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	0	0	10
Master's degree	215	200	15	0	0	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	30	30	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	16,190	15,120	995	50	25	1,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	8,620	8,175	420	10	10	425
Education	370	335	35	0	0	35
13. Education	365	330	35	0	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	240	0	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	220	220	0	0	0	0
Humanities	265	240	15	10	0	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	15	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	55	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	90	10	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	25	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	25	0	0	0	0
54. History	30	30	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	800	45	15	0	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	60	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	205	25	0	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	185	170	15	0	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	15	15	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	130	125	0	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	235	220	10	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,275	1,165	105	0	0	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	110	15	0	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,135	1,045	85	10	0	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	215	20	0	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	90	15	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	60	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	195	20	0	0	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	175	20	0	0	20
25. Library science	10	10	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,785	1,635	150	0	0	150
04. Architecture and related services	25	25	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	150	135	20	0	0	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	385	30	0	0	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	380	360	20	0	0	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	555	505	55	0	0	55
48. Precision production	260	230	30	0	0	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	220	10	0	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	140	0	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	80	10	0	0	10
Health and related fields	1,280	1,200	75	10	0	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	115	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,155	1,080	70	10	0	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	805	700	105	0	0	105
12. Personal and culinary services	325	275	45	0	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	35	10	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	300	265	30	0	0	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	115	20	0	0	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	16,190	15,125	995	45	25	1,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,620	8,180	420	10	15	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	7,565	6,945	575	35	10	595
Location of study inside Canada	6,945	6,350	565	30	0	580
Same as province or territory of residence	6,035	5,760	255	25	0	265
Different than province or territory of residence	910	595	315	0	0	315
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	620	595	10	10	10	15
United States^Footnote 130	155	145	10	0	0	0
Philippines	20	25	0	0	0	0
India	25	25	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	105	105	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	0	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	305	290	0	0	10	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	16,185	15,125	995	50	20	not applicable ...
In the labour force	12,000	11,125	820	45	10	not applicable ...
Employed	11,255	10,425	790	40	10	not applicable ...
Unemployed	740	705	30	0	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	4,190	3,995	175	10	20	not applicable ...
Participation rate	74.1	73.6	82.4	90.0	50.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	69.5	68.9	79.4	80.0	50.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.3	3.7	0.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	16,185	15,120	995	50	20	1,020
Did not work^Footnote 135	4,005	3,780	190	25	10	200
Worked	12,185	11,340	805	30	10	820
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	7,120	6,645	465	15	0	470
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	5,060	4,695	340	15	10	345
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.5	45.5	38.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	12,510	11,620	830	40	15	855
a.Management	1,450	1,345	110	0	0	110
00 Senior management occupations	60	60	0	0	0	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	450	365	90	0	0	90
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	515	500	15	0	0	20
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	420	420	0	0	0	0
b.Professional	1,155	1,085	70	10	0	70
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	225	205	15	0	0	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	155	155	0	0	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	185	180	10	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	80	60	10	0	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	330	305	20	10	0	25
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	135	125	10	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	50	55	0	0	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,065	1,705	360	10	0	360
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	370	325	45	0	0	40
32 Technical occupations in health	230	215	10	0	0	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	285	245	40	0	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,005	760	245	0	0	250
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	185	160	20	0	0	20
d.Administration and administrative support	1,325	1,255	50	10	10	55
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	525	495	25	0	0	25
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	55	55	0	0	0	0
14 Office support occupations	510	480	20	0	0	20
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	235	225	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	1,130	1,090	35	0	0	35
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	170	170	0	0	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	525	515	10	0	0	15
66 Sales support occupations	430	405	20	0	0	25
f.Personal and customer information services	2,085	1,925	125	30	10	140
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	190	190	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	230	200	25	0	0	25
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	365	345	20	0	0	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	475	420	25	20	0	40
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	825	775	55	0	0	55
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,245	1,210	35	0	0	35
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	730	720	15	0	0	20
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	515	495	20	0	0	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	930	920	10	0	10	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	200	205	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	555	540	0	10	0	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	170	165	0	0	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	280	275	10	0	0	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	45	45	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	120	115	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	120	120	0	0	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	845	810	40	0	0	35
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	100	95	10	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	110	105	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	525	495	30	0	0	25
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	110	110	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	12,510	11,620	835	45	10	855
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	355	350	0	0	0	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	320	315	0	0	0	10
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	30	35	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	0	0	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	75	65	10	0	0	10
221 Utilities	75	65	10	0	0	10
23 Construction	1,015	995	20	0	0	20
236 Construction of buildings	240	230	10	0	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	120	115	0	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	655	645	10	0	0	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,455	1,410	45	0	0	45
311 Food manufacturing	40	35	0	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	25	10	0	0	10
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	45	45	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	35	35	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	60	60	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	60	55	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	80	80	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	20	20	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	75	75	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	20	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	780	750	30	0	0	30
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	35	35	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	70	65	0	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	385	370	10	0	0	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	15	10	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	55	50	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	50	45	10	0	0	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	90	95	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	75	80	0	0	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	20	15	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,410	1,360	55	0	0	55
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	170	170	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	20	20	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	50	50	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	135	140	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	315	300	15	0	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	85	70	15	0	0	15
447 Gasoline stations	10	10	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	155	155	0	0	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	100	95	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	235	225	10	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	95	80	15	0	0	15
454 Non-store retailers	40	45	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	575	545	20	10	10	25
481 Air transportation	50	40	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	20	15	10	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	205	195	0	0	10	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	115	115	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	80	75	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	30	30	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	40	40	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	25	25	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	130	125	0	0	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	20	20	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	10	10	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	0	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	75	70	0	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	15	10	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	215	215	0	0	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	80	85	0	0	0	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	30	35	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	100	95	0	0	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	200	200	0	0	0	0
531 Real estate	155	150	10	0	0	10
532 Rental and leasing services	50	50	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	415	410	0	0	0	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	415	405	10	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	645	620	15	10	0	20
561 Administrative and support services	615	590	20	10	0	20
562 Waste management and remediation services	30	30	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	640	550	85	10	0	85
611 Educational services	645	555	85	0	0	85
62 Health care and social assistance	1,100	1,035	70	0	0	65
621 Ambulatory health care services	350	335	15	0	0	15
622 Hospitals	240	235	10	0	0	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	245	230	15	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	265	235	30	0	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	210	210	0	0	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	40	45	0	0	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	15	15	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	150	150	0	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	960	905	45	10	0	50
721 Accommodation services	105	105	0	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	850	800	50	10	0	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	510	505	0	0	10	0
811 Repair and maintenance	250	245	0	0	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	135	130	0	0	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	100	100	0	0	0	0
814 Private households	35	35	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,210	1,750	440	20	0	450
911 Federal government public administration	1,770	1,330	425	15	0	435
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	105	100	0	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	335	320	10	10	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	11,260	10,420	790	35	0	810
Worked at home	790	750	35	0	0	35
Worked outside Canada	35	35	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,430	1,325	100	0	0	100
Worked at usual place	9,005	8,315	655	35	0	670
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	12,515	11,625	835	45	15	855
English	12,150	11,525	575	35	10	590
French	185	35	145	0	0	145
Non-official language	30	25	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	25	0	0	0	0
English and French	145	25	115	10	0	120
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	12,510	11,625	835	40	15	855
None	11,670	11,230	395	35	15	410
English	100	40	60	0	0	60
French	655	260	380	10	0	390
Non-official language	85	85	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	85	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,000	8,315	655	35	0	670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,780	2,315	445	20	0	450
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,565	4,430	135	0	0	135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,610	1,535	65	10	0	65
Commute to a different province or territory	50	35	15	0	0	15
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	10,430	9,640	755	40	0	770
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,195	8,520	640	35	0	655
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	690	630	55	0	0	55
Public transit	70	70	0	0	0	0
Walked	275	260	15	0	0	15
Bicycle	55	35	20	0	0	20
Other method	150	120	25	0	0	30
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	10,430	9,640	755	40	0	775
Less than 15 minutes	2,780	2,390	365	30	0	380
15 to 29 minutes	4,025	3,795	230	0	0	230
30 to 44 minutes	1,435	1,375	50	10	0	55
45 to 59 minutes	730	685	35	0	0	40
60 minutes and over	1,465	1,390	70	10	0	70
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	10,435	9,640	750	40	0	770
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,355	1,290	60	10	0	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,370	2,135	240	0	0	240
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,695	2,410	275	10	0	280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,400	1,340	65	0	0	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	790	765	25	10	0	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,815	1,700	95	20	0	105
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	19,850	18,445	1,315	70	30	1,345
Non-movers	17,345	16,285	975	60	20	1,005
Movers	2,510	2,160	335	10	0	340
Non-migrants	625	525	90	0	0	95
Migrants	1,885	1,635	245	0	0	245
Internal migrants	1,865	1,620	240	0	0	240
Intraprovincial migrants	1,370	1,295	80	0	0	75
Interprovincial migrants	500	330	165	0	0	165
External migrants	20	10	0	0	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	18,770	17,470	1,225	60	20	1,255
Non-movers	10,805	10,430	350	10	20	360
Movers	7,965	7,035	870	50	10	895
Non-migrants	1,900	1,785	120	0	0	120
Migrants	6,065	5,260	750	50	0	780
Internal migrants	5,885	5,095	735	55	0	765
Intraprovincial migrants	4,270	4,055	175	40	0	190
Interprovincial migrants	1,620	1,040	570	10	0	570
External migrants	180	155	10	0	0	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Essa, TP

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.