Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Burnaby, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	230,080	210,825	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,695
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	230,075	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
0 to 14 years	31,055	28,685	190	275	1,905	325
0 to 4 years	10,980	9,215	75	25	1,665	85
5 to 9 years	10,115	9,765	65	90	200	110
10 to 14 years	9,950	9,705	45	160	40	125
15 to 64 years	164,375	154,220	1,345	1,270	7,540	1,985
15 to 19 years	12,455	12,100	45	215	90	155
20 to 24 years	18,980	18,530	110	195	140	210
25 to 29 years	19,100	18,655	120	125	200	180
30 to 34 years	17,720	17,135	175	150	260	250
35 to 39 years	15,755	15,120	185	135	315	250
40 to 44 years	15,610	14,760	170	85	595	215
45 to 49 years	16,730	15,465	75	120	1,065	135
50 to 54 years	17,915	15,885	135	115	1,780	195
55 to 59 years	15,945	14,170	185	65	1,530	215
60 to 64 years	14,180	12,405	140	60	1,565	175
65 years and over	34,645	27,915	320	130	6,275	390
65 to 69 years	11,810	10,185	140	35	1,450	155
70 to 74 years	7,920	6,585	80	35	1,225	100
75 to 79 years	6,570	5,020	40	25	1,480	55
80 to 84 years	4,605	3,420	20	25	1,135	35
85 years and over	3,740	2,700	40	10	985	45
85 to 89 years	2,555	1,905	25	10	615	25
90 to 94 years	995	675	15	0	305	10
95 to 99 years	175	115	0	0	55	0
100 years and over	20	10	0	0	10	10
Average age	40.7	39.6	44.1	34.1	55.6	not applicable ...
Median age	40.0	38.3	43.5	31.2	59.9	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,375
Married or living common law	111,210	99,510	1,040	660	10,005	1,370
Married	98,220	87,015	775	620	9,810	1,085
Living common law	12,990	12,495	265	40	195	280
Not married and not living common law	87,815	82,630	630	745	3,810	1,000
Never married	63,440	61,895	405	635	515	720
Separated	4,390	4,060	30	15	285	40
Divorced	11,485	10,405	135	70	870	170
Widowed	8,500	6,275	60	25	2,135	75
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,375
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	190,915	174,590	1,620	1,280	13,425	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,192	41,921	45,994	36,862	17,313	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,897	31,291	36,892	23,210	14,607	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	191,245	174,890	1,625	1,280	13,450	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,856	35,210	38,429	31,289	15,950	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,549	28,425	32,303	22,174	14,420	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	168,930	156,770	1,420	1,180	9,560	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,816	42,321	46,468	36,538	15,839	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,581	31,474	36,992	22,784	10,038	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,805	123,115	1,105	900	11,685	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,687	5,559	7,947	4,331	6,928	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,567	1,482	6,279	682	3,291	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	138,290	131,195	1,250	1,050	4,785	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,993	42,750	45,797	36,682	21,400	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,491	33,527	37,929	25,530	17,636	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.9	90.6	88.0	91.4	65.2	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.7	76.6	76.8	81.6	44.1	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.1	9.4	11.7	8.3	34.8	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,405	13,815	2,370
Without total income	8,110	7,545	45	120	390	110
With total income	190,915	174,590	1,620	1,280	13,420	2,265
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.9	97.0	91.1	97.1	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	38,505	33,765	205	325	4,215	370
$10,000 to $19,999	35,310	29,355	300	250	5,400	420
$20,000 to $29,999	23,860	21,505	200	165	1,980	285
$30,000 to $39,999	20,035	18,790	185	120	940	245
$40,000 to $49,999	18,100	17,425	170	95	415	215
$50,000 to $59,999	13,740	13,350	120	85	185	160
$60,000 to $69,999	10,590	10,300	115	55	110	150
$70,000 to $79,999	7,840	7,680	80	35	45	95
$80,000 to $89,999	6,080	5,950	65	30	35	85
$90,000 to $99,999	4,250	4,150	55	35	20	70
$100,000 and over	12,605	12,320	130	70	80	170
$100,000 to $149,999	8,885	8,660	105	60	60	130
$150,000 and over	3,720	3,660	25	20	20	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	199,020	182,135	1,670	1,405	13,815	2,375
Without after-tax income	7,780	7,245	45	120	360	110
With after-tax income	191,245	174,885	1,625	1,280	13,450	2,265
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.0	97.3	91.1	97.4	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	39,670	34,775	215	325	4,350	380
$10,000 to $19,999	36,740	30,655	310	260	5,515	435
$20,000 to $29,999	28,335	25,755	225	205	2,145	330
$30,000 to $39,999	23,685	22,505	275	120	780	330
$40,000 to $49,999	19,730	19,110	145	140	340	215
$50,000 to $59,999	13,775	13,450	130	60	140	160
$60,000 to $69,999	9,510	9,275	120	45	70	145
$70,000 to $79,999	6,660	6,505	70	55	25	95
$80,000 and over	13,140	12,850	140	70	85	170
$80,000 to $89,999	4,455	4,335	55	25	40	70
$90,000 to $99,999	2,675	2,630	10	20	15	20
$100,000 and over	6,010	5,880	75	25	35	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	199,020	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,375
Without employment income	60,740	50,940	420	350	9,025	595
With employment income	138,285	131,200	1,250	1,050	4,790	1,780
Percentage with employment income	69.5	72.0	74.9	75.0	34.7	74.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	19,210	18,065	165	180	810	250
$5,000 to $9,999	11,045	10,205	75	120	650	135
$10,000 to $19,999	19,135	17,615	150	150	1,210	230
$20,000 to $29,999	15,845	14,510	145	125	1,060	210
$30,000 to $39,999	15,045	14,325	105	105	510	160
$40,000 to $49,999	14,065	13,560	160	90	255	200
$50,000 to $59,999	10,500	10,215	110	65	110	145
$60,000 to $69,999	8,360	8,170	60	45	80	90
$70,000 to $79,999	6,455	6,315	70	50	20	95
$80,000 and over	18,625	18,215	210	120	80	270
$80,000 to $89,999	4,985	4,885	65	20	20	75
$90,000 to $99,999	3,675	3,590	40	25	15	55
$100,000 and over	9,960	9,740	105	70	45	140
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	58,885	56,730	600	345	1,220	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	53,370	54,066	52,529	52,886	28,279	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	62,793	63,419	62,355	66,382	32,898	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	230,075	210,820	1,865	1,675	15,720	2,700
English only	201,920	201,915	0	0	0	0
French only	105	0	110	0	0	110
English and French	12,155	8,725	1,750	1,675	0	2,590
Neither English nor French	15,905	180	10	0	15,720	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	230,080	210,825	1,865	1,675	15,720	2,695
English	128,315	127,420	900	0	0	895
French	660	50	615	0	0	615
Non-official language	79,460	62,260	85	1,400	15,720	785
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	79,450	62,250	85	1,395	15,720	780
English and French	320	100	140	75	0	180
English and non-official language	20,965	20,930	30	0	0	30
French and non-official language	60	0	50	0	0	50
English, French and non-official language	300	60	40	200	0	145
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	230,080	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
None	166,645	150,545	975	775	14,350	1,360
English	29,340	27,650	335	725	635	695
French	1,245	825	390	30	0	410
Non-official language	31,900	31,030	115	55	705	140
Aboriginal	55	50	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	31,845	30,975	115	55	705	140
English and French	70	20	0	40	0	25
English and non-official language	665	610	25	0	25	25
French and non-official language	170	150	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	40	0	0	45	0	25
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	230,080	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,695
English	91,895	91,890	0	0	0	10
French	1,735	140	1,600	0	0	1,600
Non-official language	127,805	110,445	130	1,510	15,720	885
Aboriginal	45	50	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	127,760	110,395	130	1,510	15,720	885
English and French	360	290	0	75	0	35
English and non-official language	7,965	7,965	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	140	20	115	0	0	115
English, French and non-official language	180	75	15	90	0	55
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	230,080	210,825	1,860	1,680	15,720	2,700
Official languages	214,180	210,645	1,860	1,675	0	2,695
English	214,065	210,645	1,750	1,675	0	2,590
French	12,260	8,725	1,855	1,675	0	2,695
Non-official languages	149,510	131,520	660	1,605	15,720	1,465
Aboriginal languages	115	115	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	149,405	131,420	660	1,605	15,720	1,465
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	230,080	210,825	1,865	1,680	15,720	2,700
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	4,200	4,145	50	0	10	45
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	4,010	3,960	50	0	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	2,615	2,600	20	0	0	20
Métis	1,365	1,325	30	0	0	30
Inuk (Inuit)	35	30	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	100	95	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	85	85	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	225,885	206,675	1,810	1,675	15,715	2,650
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	230,080	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	2,010	2,005	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	228,070	208,820	1,850	1,675	15,720	2,690
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	230,075	210,825	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	945	930	10	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	935	925	10	0	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	735	720	0	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	180	175	0	0	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	3,905	3,810	95	0	0	95
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	3,730	3,640	95	0	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,650	2,570	70	10	0	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	1,055	15	0	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	175	170	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	160	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	225,225	206,080	1,755	1,670	15,715	2,595
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	230,080	210,825	1,860	1,680	15,720	2,700
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	189,775	177,150	1,650	1,315	9,660	2,305
Canadian citizens only	173,200	162,215	1,425	950	8,610	1,900
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	16,575	14,935	225	365	1,050	405
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	40,305	33,670	210	360	6,060	390
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	230,080	210,825	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	102,205	99,175	1,135	355	1,540	1,310
Immigrants^Footnote 42	115,145	99,770	635	1,275	13,465	1,275
Before 1981	23,205	21,615	135	120	1,335	190
1981 to 1990	13,340	11,695	75	95	1,475	125
1991 to 2000	31,290	26,835	130	310	4,015	285
2001 to 2010	31,245	26,605	190	510	3,940	445
2001 to 2005	14,965	12,820	105	255	1,795	235
2006 to 2010	16,280	13,790	85	260	2,145	220
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	16,065	13,020	110	235	2,700	225
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	12,735	11,875	90	45	720	110
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	115,145	99,770	640	1,270	13,460	1,275
Under 5 years	8,305	7,800	45	195	265	140
5 to 14 years	19,075	18,540	90	285	170	230
15 to 24 years	22,530	21,470	120	135	800	190
25 to 44 years	51,140	44,700	335	600	5,510	635
45 years and over	14,095	7,265	45	65	6,720	80
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	115,140	99,770	640	1,275	13,460	1,275
Americas	6,135	5,750	45	210	130	150
Brazil	285	265	0	15	10	10
Colombia	355	315	10	15	15	15
El Salvador	485	445	0	30	15	15
Guyana	90	85	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	20	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	220	220	0	0	0	0
Mexico	800	730	0	55	15	30
Peru	365	330	0	20	20	10
Trinidad and Tobago	165	160	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,685	1,635	15	25	10	25
Other places of birth in Americas	1,655	1,555	10	55	40	40
Europe	17,130	16,030	310	345	450	485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,105	1,055	0	0	50	0
Croatia	1,065	1,045	0	0	15	0
France	250	30	215	10	0	215
Germany	835	815	10	0	0	15
Greece	315	290	0	15	15	10
Hungary	425	410	10	0	15	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	185	185	0	0	0	0
Italy	2,860	2,720	10	40	95	25
Netherlands	270	265	0	10	0	0
Poland	960	925	0	10	20	10
Portugal	665	600	0	15	50	10
Romania	785	670	10	85	20	55
Russian Federation	1,250	1,135	10	60	40	45
Serbia^Footnote 49	845	790	10	25	25	15
Ukraine	620	550	0	10	60	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	2,485	2,480	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,210	2,070	35	70	30	75
Africa	4,610	4,095	195	170	150	275
Algeria	40	20	20	0	10	20
Egypt	250	215	10	30	0	20
Ethiopia	335	320	0	0	10	0
Kenya	830	810	0	15	10	0
Morocco	90	15	50	25	0	60
Nigeria	65	70	0	0	0	0
Somalia	140	120	0	0	20	0
South Africa, Republic of	370	375	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,485	2,155	115	105	105	170
Asia	85,615	72,275	90	545	12,695	365
Afghanistan	1,045	885	0	10	155	10
Bangladesh	285	260	0	15	15	0
China^Footnote 51	28,600	20,285	10	150	8,155	80
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	10,535	9,685	10	35	820	20
India	6,165	5,615	0	10	545	0
Iran^Footnote 53	3,040	2,780	10	100	150	60
Iraq	470	410	0	10	55	0
Japan	1,470	1,355	0	10	105	10
Korea, South^Footnote 54	5,765	5,055	0	25	680	20
Lebanon	255	210	25	10	10	30
Pakistan	680	645	0	0	40	0
Philippines	10,330	10,235	10	25	60	15
Sri Lanka	450	430	0	0	20	0
Syria^Footnote 55	325	185	10	15	115	15
Taiwan	7,660	6,590	0	35	1,035	20
Viet Nam	2,910	2,360	25	30	495	40
Other places of birth in Asia	5,620	5,280	10	75	250	50
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	1,665	1,620	0	0	50	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	16,065	13,020	110	240	2,700	225
Americas	895	825	10	25	35	25
Brazil	75	65	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	35	0	10	10	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	40	0	0	0	0
Mexico	250	245	0	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	240	220	10	0	10	10
Venezuela^Footnote 59	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	190	175	0	10	15	10
Europe	1,605	1,395	45	75	90	80
France	45	0	45	0	0	45
Germany	45	40	0	0	10	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	60	60	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	35	25	0	0	10	0
Romania	75	50	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	290	260	0	25	10	15
Ukraine	190	155	0	0	30	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	145	140	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	720	665	0	30	30	10
Africa	740	570	40	40	90	60
Algeria	20	15	0	0	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	65	65	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	140	115	0	0	35	0
Ethiopia	130	120	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	0	20	10	0	20
Nigeria	20	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	60	50	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	50	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	210	135	20	15	40	30
Asia	12,760	10,160	10	100	2,485	60
Afghanistan	215	170	0	0	45	0
Bangladesh	80	70	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	5,175	3,325	0	15	1,835	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	195	175	0	0	20	0
India	1,095	1,035	0	0	60	0
Iran^Footnote 65	970	850	0	40	80	25
Iraq	130	105	0	0	30	0
Israel	30	10	0	0	10	0
Japan	210	200	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	1,050	895	10	10	140	10
Lebanon	15	15	0	10	0	0
Nepal	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	135	120	0	0	10	0
Philippines	1,960	1,940	0	0	20	0
Saudi Arabia	35	30	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	45	40	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	205	100	0	10	105	0
Taiwan	340	305	0	0	30	0
Turkey	50	50	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	30	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	140	0	0	25	10
Other places of birth in Asia	605	540	0	25	35	15
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	70	70	0	0	0	0
Australia	30	35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	35	35	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	230,080	210,820	1,865	1,675	15,720	2,700
First generation^Footnote 71	129,295	112,965	730	1,330	14,265	1,395
Second generation^Footnote 72	57,095	55,060	270	340	1,425	440
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	43,685	42,795	855	0	30	860
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	93,450	79,495	505	1,165	12,285	1,085
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	58,635	52,045	270	780	5,540	660
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	22,205	19,425	150	310	2,315	310
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	36,430	32,615	120	465	3,230	350
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	23,225	17,700	135	155	5,235	210
Refugees^Footnote 79	9,610	8,380	95	210	920	205
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	1,975	1,365	10	20	580	15
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	230,080	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,700
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	146,315	129,840	480	1,050	14,940	1,005
South Asian^Footnote 83	18,735	17,875	25	70	760	60
Chinese	78,020	65,855	75	385	11,705	265
Black	3,670	3,290	155	80	145	200
Filipino	13,000	12,915	10	25	50	20
Latin American	4,630	4,295	25	165	140	110
Arab	1,705	1,380	70	75	180	110
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	4,620	4,215	35	40	335	55
West Asian^Footnote 85	4,960	4,420	30	110	400	85
Korean	7,790	6,890	10	30	860	25
Japanese	3,655	3,450	10	20	175	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	690	635	10	15	30	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	4,845	4,625	25	30	165	45
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	83,765	80,980	1,380	620	780	1,690
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	230,080	210,820	1,860	1,675	15,720	2,695
North American Aboriginal origins	4,855	4,740	100	0	10	105
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,560	3,470	85	0	0	90
Inuit	55	50	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,430	1,405	20	0	10	20
Other North American origins	21,535	20,825	520	35	155	535
Acadian	60	50	0	0	0	10
American	1,915	1,885	20	0	10	20
Canadian	20,105	19,425	495	35	150	515
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	65	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	35	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	85,375	82,705	1,185	705	780	1,535
British Isles origins	42,255	42,005	180	40	30	200
Channel Islander	20	20	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	25,130	25,020	60	30	20	75
Irish	15,400	15,280	95	15	10	100
Manx	80	75	0	0	0	0
Scottish	18,400	18,325	55	20	0	65
Welsh	2,545	2,540	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,245	3,230	15	0	0	15
French origins	8,730	7,660	990	65	20	1,020
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,730	7,655	990	70	20	1,020
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,765	17,565	105	50	40	130
Austrian	1,350	1,345	0	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	385	345	35	0	0	35
Dutch	3,800	3,780	0	10	0	10
Flemish	45	45	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	12,910	12,775	50	40	40	75
Luxembourger	30	30	0	0	0	0
Swiss	700	660	20	10	10	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	30	30	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,015	6,985	0	15	15	10
Danish	1,180	1,175	0	0	0	0
Finnish	940	935	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	560	555	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,445	2,440	0	0	0	0
Swedish	2,255	2,245	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	310	310	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	18,125	17,450	105	260	305	240
Bulgarian	260	250	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	190	170	0	15	0	10
Czech	735	720	10	10	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	150	150	0	0	0	0
Estonian	200	200	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,995	1,935	25	10	25	25
Latvian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	175	180	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	80	70	0	10	10	10
Polish	4,700	4,605	25	20	55	35
Romanian	1,360	1,205	15	105	30	65
Russian	4,615	4,325	30	105	150	85
Slovak	460	460	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	6,750	6,580	15	45	105	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	75	80	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	26,210	25,285	135	360	440	315
Albanian	260	245	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	750	725	0	10	25	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	3,220	3,155	0	25	45	10
Cypriot	25	25	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,150	1,085	10	20	35	20
Italian	12,650	12,310	85	95	150	135
Kosovar	100	90	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	150	145	0	0	0	0
Maltese	65	65	0	0	0	10
Montenegrin	125	115	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	3,015	2,870	15	45	85	40
Serbian	2,485	2,345	0	55	75	35
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	420	420	0	0	0	0
Spanish	3,985	3,790	20	130	45	80
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	285	290	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	50	45	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,270	1,185	10	35	35	25
Basque	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	695	640	0	15	35	15
Roma (Gypsy)	30	30	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	70	70	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	460	445	0	15	0	10
Caribbean origins	1,505	1,505	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	80	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	125	130	0	0	0	0
Dominican	60	60	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	50	45	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	560	560	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	20	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	250	250	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	45	45	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	145	140	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	130	130	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	5,625	5,255	40	165	160	125
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	165	140	0	15	10	0
Arawak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	475	440	0	10	20	15
Chilean	525	480	15	15	10	20
Colombian	575	530	10	15	25	15
Costa Rican	60	55	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	140	125	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	325	320	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	150	145	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	155	145	0	10	10	0
Honduran	230	225	0	0	10	0
Maya	50	40	0	0	0	0
Mexican	1,450	1,375	10	35	25	30
Nicaraguan	170	165	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	415	385	0	15	25	10
Salvadorean	575	550	0	20	0	10
Uruguayan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	170	155	0	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	310	295	0	0	15	0
African origins	4,510	3,905	295	150	165	370
Central and West African origins	550	435	90	20	0	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	25	20	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	105	50	60	0	0	60
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	15	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Guinean	45	30	10	0	0	10
Ibo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	135	135	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	20	10	10	10	0	15
Sierra Leonean	20	15	0	10	0	0
Togolese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	40	40	0	0	0	0
North African origins	770	575	110	60	20	140
Algerian	95	55	35	10	0	30
Berber	15	0	10	0	0	10
Coptic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	270	245	0	20	10	10
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	160	70	70	15	0	75
Sudanese	175	175	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	25	0	15	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	2,055	1,800	90	40	125	105
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	40	30	0	0	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	70	15	35	20	0	40
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	250	205	0	0	45	0
Ethiopian	315	300	10	0	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	220	220	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	65	30	30	0	0	30
Oromo	35	40	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	55	30	10	15	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	245	215	0	0	35	0
South African	220	220	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	105	100	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	90	55	0	0	35	0
Ugandan	155	150	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	50	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	225	220	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	1,225	1,150	20	35	15	35
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	145	145	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	1,095	1,025	20	35	20	35
Asian origins	138,385	122,530	270	855	14,730	700
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	8,930	7,875	80	250	730	200
Afghan	1,560	1,315	0	10	240	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	385	325	10	25	30	15
Armenian	375	305	10	35	30	20
Assyrian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	90	80	0	0	0	0
Georgian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Hazara	25	20	0	0	10	0
Iranian	3,830	3,530	10	105	190	60
Iraqi	555	490	0	10	50	0
Israeli	110	105	0	0	0	10
Jordanian	55	60	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	65	60	0	10	0	0
Kurd	310	265	0	0	35	0
Kuwaiti	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	35	10	0	25	0	15
Lebanese	525	440	45	25	15	60
Palestinian	260	240	10	0	10	10
Pashtun	50	50	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	75	65	0	0	0	0
Syrian	265	155	15	10	90	15
Tajik	35	30	0	0	0	0
Tatar	140	115	0	0	20	0
Turk	500	465	0	0	30	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	55	45	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	45	40	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	135	130	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	18,875	18,020	40	75	740	80
Bangladeshi	180	160	0	15	10	0
Bengali	95	95	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	10	10	0	0	10	0
East Indian	16,045	15,320	25	45	650	50
Goan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	170	165	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	35	35	0	0	0	0
Nepali	120	110	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	790	765	0	15	10	10
Punjabi	950	910	0	0	45	0
Sinhalese	30	30	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	535	520	0	0	20	0
Tamil	115	110	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	670	615	15	0	40	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	111,440	97,475	155	535	13,285	415
Burmese	170	165	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	100	10	0	0	10
Chinese	79,775	67,880	80	410	11,400	290
Filipino	14,290	14,180	10	35	65	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	725	715	0	10	10	10
Japanese	4,750	4,490	0	30	220	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	8,170	7,235	10	30	895	25
Laotian	115	115	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	680	675	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	130	105	10	10	0	15
Singaporean	115	115	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	4,050	3,505	0	10	535	10
Thai	350	345	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	65	50	0	0	15	0
Vietnamese	4,045	3,615	45	25	360	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	90	85	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	175	180	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	175	180	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	1,565	1,535	0	0	35	0
Australian	380	380	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	160	160	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	1,040	1,005	0	0	35	0
Fijian	840	805	0	0	35	0
Hawaiian	70	75	0	0	0	0
Maori	45	50	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	55	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,535	19,945	160	165	5,270	240
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	56,210	51,200	375	320	4,315	540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	117,275	110,995	1,135	915	4,230	1,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,555	11,045	135	75	295	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	5,565	5,265	70	50	175	100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	5,985	5,780	65	25	115	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	33,125	31,390	355	130	1,255	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,920	7,180	55	40	650	75
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	64,680	61,385	595	675	2,030	930
Bachelor's degree	44,540	42,315	275	325	1,625	440
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,285	4,070	60	65	95	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,370	1,265	0	25	85	15
Master's degree	12,410	11,785	210	200	210	310
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	2,070	1,945	45	60	10	80
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	199,020	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	81,745	71,140	540	480	9,585	775
Education	6,115	5,790	65	25	240	75
13. Education	6,115	5,790	65	20	240	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,090	5,780	45	60	200	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,150	1,115	10	15	15	15
50. Visual and performing arts	4,940	4,665	40	50	185	65
Humanities	7,085	6,580	145	95	255	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,255	1,050	60	40	105	80
23. English language and literature/letters	2,015	1,940	10	10	50	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,285	2,200	20	10	65	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	25	20	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	260	240	10	0	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	380	355	10	0	15	15
54. History	680	650	10	10	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	180	120	25	35	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	14,585	13,950	160	95	385	205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	205	195	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,685	1,615	20	0	50	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,840	1,715	30	15	80	40
22. Legal professions and studies	1,895	1,800	10	15	70	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	190	165	10	10	10	15
42. Psychology	2,310	2,250	15	30	20	30
45. Social sciences	6,465	6,210	70	20	160	80
Business, management and public administration	28,085	26,590	260	185	1,050	350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	55	55	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	775	740	0	10	25	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	27,255	25,800	255	180	1,020	340
Physical and life sciences and technologies	6,220	5,835	80	40	260	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,325	2,250	30	30	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,630	1,590	10	0	40	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	70	65	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	2,055	1,795	40	15	200	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	135	135	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,670	7,290	65	100	215	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	6,215	5,990	40	75	105	80
25. Library science	295	275	10	0	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,100	970	15	15	95	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	60	55	10	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	21,605	20,295	165	195	950	260
04. Architecture and related services	790	715	10	10	55	15
14. Engineering	9,320	8,595	60	110	550	115
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,650	3,490	10	25	125	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,360	3,235	35	20	70	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,205	3,030	40	25	105	55
48. Precision production	1,270	1,235	0	0	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,565	1,460	10	10	75	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,050	975	10	10	60	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	515	490	10	0	20	0
Health and related fields	13,725	13,120	80	95	430	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,030	975	10	15	30	10
51. Health professions and related programs	12,235	11,725	75	75	355	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	460	415	0	10	35	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,520	4,280	55	20	160	70
12. Personal and culinary services	3,360	3,165	50	20	135	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	375	0	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	750	720	10	10	15	10
Other	10	15	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,405	13,815	2,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	81,745	71,140	535	485	9,590	780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	117,275	110,990	1,135	920	4,230	1,595
Location of study inside Canada	74,660	73,235	785	405	235	990
Same as province or territory of residence	63,755	62,860	395	280	210	535
Different than province or territory of residence	10,905	10,375	390	125	20	450
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	42,620	37,760	350	515	3,995	610
United States^Footnote 130	3,325	3,240	30	35	15	45
Philippines	5,025	5,020	0	0	10	0
India	2,485	2,460	0	0	20	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,985	1,955	0	15	0	15
China^Footnote 132	9,750	7,090	10	20	2,640	15
France	250	55	165	30	10	175
Other	19,795	17,930	145	415	1,305	350
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	199,025	182,140	1,675	1,400	13,815	not applicable ...
In the labour force	125,815	119,690	1,205	945	3,975	not applicable ...
Employed	117,815	112,275	1,115	850	3,575	not applicable ...
Unemployed	8,000	7,420	85	105	400	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	73,205	62,445	470	455	9,845	not applicable ...
Participation rate	63.2	65.7	71.9	67.5	28.8	not applicable ...
Employment rate	59.2	61.6	66.6	60.7	25.9	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	7.1	11.1	10.1	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	199,025	182,135	1,670	1,400	13,815	2,375
Did not work^Footnote 135	69,785	59,280	460	395	9,650	655
Worked	129,235	122,860	1,210	1,010	4,160	1,715
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	60,740	58,445	610	355	1,330	790
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	68,500	64,420	600	655	2,830	920
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.2	42.1	36.9	39.4	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	134,220	127,575	1,240	1,040	4,365	1,760
a.Management	13,585	12,865	135	75	510	175
00 Senior management occupations	1,135	1,040	0	10	75	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	5,270	5,060	70	15	125	75
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	4,585	4,285	45	40	205	70
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,600	2,475	20	10	95	25
b.Professional	28,130	27,360	275	310	185	430
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	6,345	6,215	45	40	60	60
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	8,495	8,250	75	130	40	140
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,830	1,805	15	10	0	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,680	1,660	0	10	0	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	4,735	4,565	85	70	20	115
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	3,035	2,980	15	20	20	25
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,000	1,875	40	35	45	60
c.Technical and paraprofessional	14,145	13,610	190	140	200	260
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	4,320	4,190	50	45	40	70
32 Technical occupations in health	2,535	2,445	20	15	55	30
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,995	2,860	30	40	60	50
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	420	415	0	0	10	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,870	3,705	85	40	40	105
d.Administration and administrative support	18,410	17,890	165	95	255	215
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	7,125	6,880	95	40	105	120
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,605	1,555	0	10	35	15
14 Office support occupations	7,035	6,895	35	35	65	55
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,645	2,555	20	15	50	25
e.Sales	14,970	14,290	85	125	475	150
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,780	3,710	10	10	50	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	7,035	6,680	55	70	230	90
66 Sales support occupations	4,155	3,895	20	40	200	40
f.Personal and customer information services	25,860	23,825	225	240	1,570	345
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,975	1,925	0	20	25	20
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,310	2,185	15	15	95	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,290	4,545	80	55	615	105
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	8,460	8,055	70	100	235	120
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	7,815	7,125	50	50	595	75
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,580	7,235	80	25	245	90
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	5,415	5,140	65	20	185	80
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,160	2,095	10	0	60	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,745	6,355	50	25	315	65
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,285	2,165	20	15	85	25
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,915	2,795	10	0	95	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,545	1,390	20	0	130	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,165	1,040	0	0	125	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	320	290	0	0	35	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	140	120	0	0	20	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	705	635	0	0	70	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,640	3,110	25	15	490	35
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	460	450	10	0	10	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,140	945	0	0	190	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	680	630	0	10	45	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,365	1,095	10	0	250	15
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	134,220	127,570	1,245	1,045	4,365	1,765
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	575	470	10	0	95	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	310	235	0	0	70	10
113 Forestry and logging	45	50	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	110	85	0	0	25	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	110	95	0	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	440	425	0	0	10	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	110	110	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	160	150	10	0	10	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	170	170	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	830	810	0	10	15	10
221 Utilities	830	805	0	10	10	10
23 Construction	8,780	8,255	90	35	395	110
236 Construction of buildings	2,950	2,735	25	15	165	35
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	465	450	10	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	5,365	5,065	60	20	225	70
31-33 Manufacturing	8,110	7,445	50	70	550	80
311 Food manufacturing	1,830	1,610	10	15	200	15
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	205	200	0	0	10	0
313 Textile mills	15	10	0	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	65	50	0	0	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	365	250	0	0	115	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	305	285	0	0	15	0
322 Paper manufacturing	185	185	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	500	485	10	0	10	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	30	30	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	395	360	0	0	25	10
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	170	150	0	0	20	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	245	240	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	105	105	0	0	0	10
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	525	490	10	10	20	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	450	410	10	10	25	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	835	790	0	15	30	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	330	320	0	0	10	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	390	370	0	0	10	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	410	385	10	0	25	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	735	695	0	0	30	10
41 Wholesale trade	5,350	4,985	35	30	300	50
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	65	60	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	1,415	1,275	0	0	130	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	885	805	0	20	55	15
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	235	225	0	0	10	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	815	785	10	0	15	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,090	1,070	0	0	10	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	425	400	0	0	20	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	405	340	0	0	60	10
44-45 Retail trade	16,130	15,145	120	170	695	205
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,370	1,330	15	10	15	25
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	560	520	0	10	30	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	850	805	15	15	20	25
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	725	705	10	0	10	10
445 Food and beverage stores	3,815	3,415	10	30	355	25
446 Health and personal care stores	2,020	1,940	0	30	40	20
447 Gasoline stations	220	215	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	2,620	2,495	30	25	70	40
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	785	745	10	0	30	15
452 General merchandise stores	1,550	1,490	15	25	20	25
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	875	820	0	10	45	0
454 Non-store retailers	740	670	0	10	60	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,990	5,830	45	30	85	55
481 Air transportation	450	430	10	0	10	10
482 Rail transportation	75	75	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	195	200	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	965	925	0	0	35	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,085	1,055	0	10	20	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	25	25	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,400	1,385	15	0	0	15
491 Postal service	530	525	10	0	0	10
492 Couriers and messengers	730	705	0	0	20	0
493 Warehousing and storage	520	505	0	10	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	5,705	5,500	100	45	55	120
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	1,255	1,205	20	10	25	20
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	1,695	1,640	40	10	0	40
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	200	175	10	10	0	10
517 Telecommunications	1,910	1,850	25	20	15	35
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	205	200	10	0	0	0
519 Other information services	440	420	10	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	7,560	7,365	55	50	100	80
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	3,640	3,530	35	20	55	45
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	1,195	1,160	0	0	30	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	2,695	2,645	20	25	15	30
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	25	25	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,730	3,590	30	15	90	40
531 Real estate	3,410	3,290	30	10	85	30
532 Rental and leasing services	315	305	0	10	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	14,430	14,005	150	135	140	215
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	14,430	14,005	150	135	140	215
55 Management of companies and enterprises	260	250	0	0	10	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	260	255	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,650	6,210	90	80	275	125
561 Administrative and support services	6,380	5,940	90	75	275	130
562 Waste management and remediation services	265	265	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	10,010	9,665	135	105	100	190
611 Educational services	10,005	9,665	140	105	95	190
62 Health care and social assistance	13,150	12,810	100	80	160	140
621 Ambulatory health care services	5,125	4,985	40	20	80	50
622 Hospitals	3,540	3,500	15	15	10	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,740	1,710	20	10	0	20
624 Social assistance	2,740	2,615	25	35	70	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,080	2,980	30	25	50	40
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	1,165	1,125	10	15	15	15
712 Heritage institutions	135	135	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,780	1,720	20	10	30	25
72 Accommodation and food services	12,365	11,315	55	90	905	105
721 Accommodation services	1,500	1,430	10	15	45	20
722 Food services and drinking places	10,870	9,880	50	75	860	85
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,865	5,460	50	25	325	65
811 Repair and maintenance	1,410	1,320	10	10	75	10
812 Personal and laundry services	2,070	1,870	25	0	170	30
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,635	1,595	20	10	15	25
814 Private households	750	680	0	0	65	0
91 Public administration	5,225	5,060	85	60	15	115
911 Federal government public administration	2,080	2,005	50	25	10	60
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	985	980	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,100	2,020	30	40	10	50
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	50	50	10	0	0	10
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	117,815	112,275	1,120	845	3,580	1,540
Worked at home	8,010	7,565	90	35	325	105
Worked outside Canada	1,500	1,270	10	15	210	15
No fixed workplace address	14,120	13,210	145	95	670	190
Worked at usual place	94,190	90,235	885	695	2,375	1,230
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	134,225	127,575	1,245	1,045	4,365	1,765
English	120,385	117,695	1,040	875	775	1,480
French	235	105	115	15	0	120
Non-official language	8,795	5,400	15	50	3,325	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,795	5,405	15	55	3,330	40
English and French	240	115	70	55	0	95
English and non-official language	4,550	4,245	0	35	260	25
French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	134,225	127,575	1,240	1,045	4,365	1,760
None	117,855	112,675	900	820	3,460	1,310
English	3,740	3,150	70	45	475	95
French	900	570	260	70	0	295
Non-official language	11,470	10,970	10	80	410	45
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,470	10,970	10	80	410	50
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	120	100	0	0	20	0
French and non-official language	125	100	10	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	94,190	90,230	885	700	2,370	1,230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,940	30,550	285	255	850	415
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	61,280	58,800	565	430	1,485	780
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	575	545	0	15	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	390	340	35	0	20	35
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	108,305	103,440	1,030	795	3,045	1,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	64,510	61,865	530	380	1,735	715
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,655	4,315	60	15	265	65
Public transit	31,865	30,385	345	345	790	520
Walked	4,860	4,555	45	40	220	60
Bicycle	1,230	1,200	20	0	0	25
Other method	1,190	1,120	30	0	35	35
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	108,305	103,440	1,030	790	3,040	1,425
Less than 15 minutes	14,970	14,435	110	85	340	160
15 to 29 minutes	32,115	30,755	280	220	860	390
30 to 44 minutes	35,130	33,400	370	250	1,110	495
45 to 59 minutes	15,310	14,675	170	145	320	240
60 minutes and over	10,770	10,180	90	100	400	140
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	108,305	103,440	1,025	795	3,045	1,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,340	5,160	55	10	110	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	14,840	14,230	165	105	340	220
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	27,295	26,340	315	145	490	390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	26,815	25,735	245	220	620	350
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	18,715	17,315	135	165	1,105	215
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15,295	14,655	110	150	375	185
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	227,825	209,015	1,855	1,665	15,290	2,685
Non-movers	190,200	174,815	1,530	1,385	12,465	2,225
Movers	37,625	34,195	320	280	2,825	465
Non-migrants	18,395	16,885	105	110	1,300	155
Migrants	19,230	17,310	225	170	1,525	305
Internal migrants	12,580	11,840	135	130	475	200
Intraprovincial migrants	10,580	10,010	80	85	410	125
Interprovincial migrants	2,000	1,830	50	50	70	80
External migrants	6,655	5,480	85	40	1,045	110
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	219,095	201,605	1,785	1,655	14,060	2,605
Non-movers	122,865	113,435	900	835	7,700	1,310
Movers	96,235	88,170	885	820	6,355	1,295
Non-migrants	44,335	41,060	355	365	2,555	535
Migrants	51,895	47,105	530	455	3,800	765
Internal migrants	29,295	27,525	385	250	1,130	505
Intraprovincial migrants	24,165	22,890	220	115	935	280
Interprovincial migrants	5,125	4,640	160	135	195	230
External migrants	22,605	19,580	150	200	2,670	255

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Burnaby, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.