Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Maple Ridge, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	80,970	79,135	915	235	685	1,035
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	80,975	79,140	915	230	685	1,030
0 to 14 years	14,415	14,165	70	60	120	105
0 to 4 years	4,505	4,385	30	10	80	35
5 to 9 years	5,005	4,935	20	30	25	35
10 to 14 years	4,910	4,845	20	25	15	35
15 to 64 years	55,495	54,350	625	160	365	705
15 to 19 years	5,335	5,275	50	10	0	55
20 to 24 years	5,060	5,005	20	20	15	30
25 to 29 years	4,260	4,200	25	20	20	35
30 to 34 years	5,260	5,160	55	15	30	65
35 to 39 years	5,040	4,935	30	40	35	45
40 to 44 years	5,425	5,310	65	20	30	70
45 to 49 years	6,725	6,545	100	15	65	105
50 to 54 years	6,865	6,685	130	0	50	125
55 to 59 years	6,450	6,310	75	10	50	85
60 to 64 years	5,070	4,930	80	0	60	80
65 years and over	11,060	10,625	220	15	200	225
65 to 69 years	4,115	3,980	85	0	50	85
70 to 74 years	2,670	2,580	50	0	35	55
75 to 79 years	1,980	1,885	50	0	40	50
80 to 84 years	1,325	1,250	10	0	50	15
85 years and over	980	930	20	10	25	25
85 to 89 years	645	610	15	0	20	15
90 to 94 years	260	245	10	0	10	10
95 to 99 years	65	65	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	39.7	39.5	49.4	32.3	48.2	not applicable ...
Median age	41.1	40.8	51.6	32.1	53.3	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	66,555	64,975	840	170	565	930
Married or living common law	40,435	39,380	590	100	365	640
Married	33,835	32,880	495	100	360	540
Living common law	6,605	6,495	100	0	10	95
Not married and not living common law	26,120	25,595	255	70	200	290
Never married	17,035	16,815	105	60	55	140
Separated	1,990	1,955	25	0	10	25
Divorced	4,115	3,985	85	0	45	85
Widowed	2,980	2,840	35	10	90	45
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	66,555	64,975	845	170	565	930
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,725	62,205	810	165	540	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,950	47,105	54,195	49,955	17,235	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,504	37,748	40,579	42,657	13,875	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,790	62,270	810	160	545	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,149	39,278	44,477	41,435	15,771	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,307	33,483	36,038	38,863	12,988	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,115	56,855	755	160	340	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,114	46,214	51,046	47,191	18,033	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,776	35,955	38,023	37,524	12,617	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,085	40,940	550	110	485	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,408	7,395	9,908	4,007	6,485	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,740	4,731	8,462	1,446	2,443	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,010	48,985	650	135	245	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,631	46,694	51,773	46,426	20,199	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,000	38,172	42,128	37,467	13,567	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.6	89.7	87.3	94.5	65.9	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	78.0	78.1	76.1	78.4	52.1	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.4	10.3	12.4	5.6	33.8	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	66,555	64,975	845	170	560	930
Without total income	2,830	2,765	35	10	25	35
With total income	63,725	62,205	810	165	540	890
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.7	95.9	97.1	96.4	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,670	8,400	80	too unreliable to be published F	170	90
$10,000 to $19,999	10,000	9,640	120	too unreliable to be published F	215	130
$20,000 to $29,999	7,845	7,650	105	too unreliable to be published F	70	110
$30,000 to $39,999	7,320	7,180	95	too unreliable to be published F	45	100
$40,000 to $49,999	6,295	6,215	60	too unreliable to be published F	10	70
$50,000 to $59,999	5,245	5,165	55	too unreliable to be published F	10	65
$60,000 to $69,999	4,410	4,330	50	too unreliable to be published F	15	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,415	3,315	75	too unreliable to be published F	10	85
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	2,880	25	too unreliable to be published F	10	30
$90,000 to $99,999	2,145	2,110	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$100,000 and over	5,455	5,320	115	too unreliable to be published F	0	130
$100,000 to $149,999	4,075	3,975	95	too unreliable to be published F	0	95
$150,000 and over	1,385	1,350	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	66,555	64,975	845	175	560	930
Without after-tax income	2,765	2,700	35	10	15	35
With after-tax income	63,790	62,270	810	165	545	890
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.8	95.9	94.3	97.3	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,010	8,725	85	too unreliable to be published F	175	95
$10,000 to $19,999	10,620	10,250	120	too unreliable to be published F	215	135
$20,000 to $29,999	9,325	9,080	135	too unreliable to be published F	90	145
$30,000 to $39,999	8,625	8,495	95	too unreliable to be published F	20	95
$40,000 to $49,999	7,360	7,240	80	too unreliable to be published F	15	90
$50,000 to $59,999	5,795	5,705	70	too unreliable to be published F	10	80
$60,000 to $69,999	4,330	4,235	65	too unreliable to be published F	10	75
$70,000 to $79,999	3,250	3,185	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$80,000 and over	5,480	5,360	100	too unreliable to be published F	0	110
$80,000 to $89,999	1,980	1,955	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,195	1,155	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	35
$100,000 and over	2,300	2,250	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	66,555	64,975	845	175	560	930
Without employment income	16,545	15,990	195	40	320	220
With employment income	50,010	48,985	645	135	245	710
Percentage with employment income	75.1	75.4	76.3	77.1	43.8	76.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,800	6,630	110	too unreliable to be published F	45	115
$5,000 to $9,999	3,275	3,200	35	too unreliable to be published F	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	6,075	5,915	65	too unreliable to be published F	65	80
$20,000 to $29,999	4,965	4,870	45	too unreliable to be published F	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	4,875	4,785	50	too unreliable to be published F	25	60
$40,000 to $49,999	4,490	4,435	35	too unreliable to be published F	10	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,150	4,095	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,650	3,590	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,900	2,825	60	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$80,000 and over	8,825	8,635	155	too unreliable to be published F	10	165
$80,000 to $89,999	2,425	2,380	30	too unreliable to be published F	10	35
$90,000 to $99,999	1,795	1,770	25	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
$100,000 and over	4,605	4,490	100	too unreliable to be published F	0	110
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	66,555	64,975	845	170	565	930
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	23,790	23,380	270	65	65	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	58,033	57,918	77,227	70,711	24,213	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	65,391	65,339	75,182	75,879	30,590	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	80,975	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
English only	75,080	75,080	0	0	0	0
French only	20	0	20	0	0	15
English and French	5,130	3,995	895	230	0	1,010
Neither English nor French	750	65	0	0	680	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	80,970	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
English	72,865	72,195	665	0	0	670
French	170	0	165	0	0	165
Non-official language	5,445	4,560	10	190	685	105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,450	4,560	10	190	685	105
English and French	110	25	55	30	0	75
English and non-official language	2,345	2,345	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	25	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	80,975	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
None	73,680	72,425	540	85	625	590
English	2,615	2,385	90	90	55	135
French	655	410	245	10	0	245
Non-official language	3,910	3,865	20	15	10	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,910	3,865	20	15	10	30
English and French	25	0	0	25	0	10
English and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	45	40	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	80,970	79,140	915	230	680	1,030
English	66,700	66,705	0	0	0	0
French	965	95	865	0	0	865
Non-official language	12,240	11,340	15	200	685	115
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,240	11,335	15	205	685	115
English and French	210	180	0	20	0	15
English and non-official language	795	795	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	40	20	0	10	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	80,970	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
Official languages	80,225	79,075	915	235	0	1,030
English	80,205	79,075	895	235	0	1,015
French	5,145	3,995	915	235	0	1,035
Non-official languages	15,480	14,420	165	215	685	270
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,480	14,415	165	210	685	270
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	80,970	79,140	915	230	685	1,035
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	3,815	3,710	90	15	0	95
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	3,720	3,620	90	15	0	90
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	1,955	1,925	30	0	0	25
Métis	1,760	1,685	60	15	0	70
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	70	70	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	25	30	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	77,160	75,425	830	215	685	940
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	80,970	79,140	915	230	685	1,030
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	940	930	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80,030	78,210	905	230	685	1,025
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	80,970	79,140	915	230	685	1,030
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	380	375	10	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	370	365	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	210	210	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	165	150	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	3,940	3,820	95	20	0	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	3,765	3,650	100	20	0	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,205	2,165	40	10	0	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,540	1,460	60	15	0	65
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	170	170	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	160	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	76,655	74,945	810	215	680	915
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	80,970	79,140	915	235	680	1,030
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	76,965	75,515	900	175	370	985
Canadian citizens only	73,780	72,520	835	110	315	890
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,180	2,995	65	60	60	95
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	4,010	3,620	15	60	310	45
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	80,970	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	64,810	63,850	780	80	100	820
Immigrants^Footnote 42	15,460	14,680	135	145	500	210
Before 1981	5,345	5,245	60	10	30	65
1981 to 1990	1,725	1,670	10	15	40	10
1991 to 2000	3,200	3,020	35	35	110	55
2001 to 2010	3,670	3,410	30	50	175	55
2001 to 2005	1,645	1,555	0	15	70	15
2006 to 2010	2,025	1,860	20	40	105	40
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	1,520	1,340	0	25	150	20
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	700	605	0	10	85	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	15,460	14,685	140	145	500	210
Under 5 years	1,920	1,875	10	40	0	30
5 to 14 years	3,025	2,955	30	15	25	35
15 to 24 years	2,965	2,905	15	10	30	20
25 to 44 years	6,435	6,085	70	85	200	110
45 years and over	1,110	860	10	0	240	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	15,460	14,680	135	145	500	205
Americas	1,670	1,630	0	20	15	10
Brazil	65	65	0	0	0	0
Colombia	115	115	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	150	140	0	10	10	10
Guyana	25	30	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	50	0	0	0	0
Mexico	205	205	0	0	0	0
Peru	80	75	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	65	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	580	575	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	320	310	0	10	10	0
Europe	7,040	6,865	60	40	80	80
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	40	0	0	10	0
Croatia	160	155	0	0	0	0
France	40	0	35	0	0	35
Germany	595	595	0	0	0	10
Greece	50	45	0	0	0	0
Hungary	120	120	0	0	10	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	130	125	0	0	0	0
Italy	175	170	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	420	415	0	10	0	0
Poland	475	450	0	10	20	10
Portugal	130	125	0	10	10	0
Romania	390	370	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	200	190	0	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	60	60	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	165	145	0	0	15	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,115	3,105	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	770	750	15	0	0	15
Africa	930	855	55	20	0	65
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	70	65	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	35	35	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	40	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	10
Nigeria	75	70	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	470	470	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	165	45	10	0	50
Asia	5,555	5,080	20	60	390	55
Afghanistan	130	120	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	15	20	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	665	540	0	20	110	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	265	255	0	0	10	0
India	845	765	0	10	80	0
Iran^Footnote 53	405	375	0	0	20	10
Iraq	40	30	0	0	0	0
Japan	100	105	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	610	560	0	10	50	0
Lebanon	35	20	10	10	0	10
Pakistan	75	80	0	0	0	0
Philippines	1,200	1,200	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	35	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	75	10	10	0	55	10
Taiwan	225	195	0	10	20	10
Viet Nam	235	215	0	0	20	0
Other places of birth in Asia	580	565	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	265	255	0	10	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	1,520	1,335	10	25	150	20
Americas	195	180	0	0	15	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	35	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	70	65	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	0	0	10	0
Europe	345	315	10	0	25	10
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	35	35	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	35	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	20	15	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	40	20	0	0	15	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	160	160	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	45	0	0	0	0
Africa	85	75	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	25	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	30	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	875	740	0	20	115	10
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	165	95	0	15	55	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	135	130	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	40	35	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	40	40	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	340	335	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	55	0	0	0	55	0
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	20	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	80,970	79,140	915	230	685	1,030
First generation^Footnote 71	16,620	15,735	150	155	585	225
Second generation^Footnote 72	17,745	17,485	125	55	85	150
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	46,605	45,920	645	20	20	655
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	10,380	9,695	80	135	470	145
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	6,040	5,740	40	90	175	90
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	2,290	2,150	20	30	80	35
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	3,760	3,585	20	55	90	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	2,880	2,655	20	10	200	20
Refugees^Footnote 79	1,405	1,260	20	30	100	35
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	40	40	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	80,970	79,140	915	230	685	1,030
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	12,120	11,390	80	110	535	135
South Asian^Footnote 83	2,475	2,350	0	10	110	15
Chinese	2,340	2,085	15	50	190	35
Black	945	910	35	0	0	35
Filipino	1,810	1,810	0	0	0	0
Latin American	875	830	0	15	30	10
Arab	160	85	10	10	65	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	705	670	0	0	25	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	735	675	10	15	40	15
Korean	845	765	0	0	75	0
Japanese	565	565	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	195	190	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	470	455	0	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	68,855	67,750	835	125	150	895
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	80,975	79,140	915	235	685	1,030
North American Aboriginal origins	4,320	4,190	105	20	0	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,585	2,540	35	0	0	40
Inuit	35	35	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,875	1,795	70	20	0	75
Other North American origins	22,045	21,610	395	15	25	405
Acadian	25	10	20	0	0	15
American	1,365	1,350	10	0	0	10
Canadian	21,175	20,770	375	10	20	380
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	25	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	62,330	61,425	655	100	150	710
British Isles origins	43,835	43,670	145	0	20	145
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	27,185	27,095	85	10	0	90
Irish	15,010	14,960	40	0	15	35
Manx	45	45	0	0	0	0
Scottish	19,840	19,775	50	0	20	45
Welsh	2,550	2,540	10	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	2,445	2,445	0	0	0	10
French origins	8,880	8,275	585	15	10	595
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,875	8,275	585	15	0	595
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,615	17,515	65	20	10	75
Austrian	1,105	1,095	0	0	10	0
Bavarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Belgian	460	435	20	0	0	20
Dutch	4,650	4,640	0	10	0	10
Flemish	20	25	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	12,595	12,540	40	0	10	40
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	345	340	10	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,210	8,210	0	0	10	0
Danish	1,285	1,280	0	0	0	0
Finnish	1,055	1,055	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	665	660	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,130	3,125	0	0	10	0
Swedish	2,425	2,430	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	430	430	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,005	12,860	30	30	80	50
Bulgarian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Czech	705	705	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	125	120	0	0	0	0
Estonian	150	145	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,315	1,310	10	0	0	0
Latvian	65	70	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,495	3,440	20	15	20	25
Romanian	875	845	0	10	15	10
Russian	2,525	2,500	0	10	20	0
Slovak	230	230	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,265	5,225	10	0	30	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,580	7,460	45	20	45	60
Albanian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	415	415	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	455	440	10	0	0	10
Italian	4,030	3,960	40	10	20	45
Kosovar	20	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	30	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,185	1,170	0	0	10	0
Serbian	195	195	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	120	120	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,230	1,195	20	10	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	265	255	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	545	530	0	15	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	165	160	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	370	360	0	15	0	0
Caribbean origins	690	685	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	60	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	25	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	350	350	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	55	55	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	60	60	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,435	1,375	10	25	25	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	25	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Chilean	105	105	0	0	0	0
Colombian	165	160	0	0	10	0
Costa Rican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	60	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	35	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maya	30	25	0	0	0	0
Mexican	515	495	0	15	0	10
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	145	140	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	175	155	0	10	10	10
Uruguayan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	35	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	30	30	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,415	1,325	65	20	10	70
Central and West African origins	145	135	10	0	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	10	0	0	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	45	50	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	120	85	15	15	0	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	0	10	0	0	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	75	65	0	15	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	665	615	35	10	0	35
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	15	0	15	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	15	20	0	0	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	465	445	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	495	495	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	85	85	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	415	415	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,760	10,120	35	105	500	85
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,465	1,310	15	40	100	35
Afghan	190	175	0	0	15	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	35	30	0	0	0	0
Armenian	90	85	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	635	590	10	10	20	15
Iraqi	45	30	0	10	0	10
Israeli	30	35	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	25	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	120	0	15	0	10
Palestinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	25	0	0	55	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	75	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	55	50	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,495	2,385	0	15	100	0
Bangladeshi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,095	1,990	0	10	90	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	115	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	195	185	0	0	15	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	110	105	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	95	90	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,880	6,500	20	55	305	45
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	35	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,650	2,425	10	30	190	20
Filipino	1,920	1,915	0	0	0	0
Hmong	110	105	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	155	155	0	0	0	0
Japanese	730	730	0	0	0	0
Karen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	880	795	0	0	80	0
Laotian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	195	155	10	20	20	15
Thai	45	45	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	410	375	0	10	35	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	635	625	0	0	10	0
Australian	240	240	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	80	80	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	325	315	0	0	10	0
Fijian	235	225	0	0	10	0
Hawaiian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maori	25	25	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	50	45	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	66,555	64,975	845	170	565	930
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,310	9,895	165	10	245	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	22,005	21,585	220	50	145	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,245	33,495	460	115	175	515
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,055	7,950	90	10	10	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	3,105	3,065	25	10	0	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	4,950	4,880	65	0	0	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,380	14,140	180	15	50	180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,935	1,860	40	10	30	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,880	9,550	155	85	85	200
Bachelor's degree	6,495	6,310	95	50	40	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,185	1,125	20	15	30	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	295	0	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,685	1,620	40	15	0	45
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	205	195	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	66,560	64,975	845	175	565	930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	32,310	31,480	385	65	390	415
Education	2,405	2,320	60	10	15	65
13. Education	2,405	2,320	65	10	20	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,295	1,265	20	0	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	310	0	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	985	955	15	0	10	15
Humanities	1,505	1,455	20	10	20	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	150	150	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	405	390	0	0	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	390	10	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	80	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	240	0	0	0	0
54. History	180	170	10	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	30	10	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,570	3,475	60	30	10	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	230	0	10	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	810	790	10	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	645	630	10	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	30	35	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	560	565	0	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,265	1,225	25	10	0	35
Business, management and public administration	5,930	5,775	85	25	50	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	30	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	340	0	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,560	5,415	75	25	50	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	820	815	10	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	265	10	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	240	0	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	260	255	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	50	10	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	890	885	0	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	745	10	10	0	10
25. Library science	45	45	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	90	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,705	8,520	125	10	50	130
04. Architecture and related services	155	150	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	980	910	30	0	35	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,305	1,265	30	0	10	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,705	2,660	40	0	10	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,220	2,205	10	0	0	10
48. Precision production	1,335	1,320	10	0	0	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	590	575	10	0	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	400	385	0	0	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	185	0	0	0	10
Health and related fields	5,865	5,805	30	30	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	515	0	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,280	5,215	30	30	0	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	70	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,660	2,610	45	0	0	50
12. Personal and culinary services	1,645	1,625	20	0	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	400	385	20	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	605	590	10	10	0	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	66,555	64,970	845	175	565	935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,310	31,475	385	60	390	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	34,240	33,495	460	115	175	515
Location of study inside Canada	28,490	28,045	390	45	10	415
Same as province or territory of residence	24,455	24,225	190	35	0	205
Different than province or territory of residence	4,035	3,820	200	10	0	205
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	5,750	5,445	70	60	170	105
United States^Footnote 130	745	730	10	0	0	15
Philippines	475	475	0	0	0	0
India	250	250	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,145	1,140	0	0	0	10
China^Footnote 132	325	245	0	0	80	0
France	35	10	15	15	0	20
Other	2,780	2,605	35	50	90	60
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	66,555	64,975	845	170	565	not applicable ...
In the labour force	45,855	45,015	555	120	170	not applicable ...
Employed	43,495	42,715	515	100	160	not applicable ...
Unemployed	2,355	2,295	35	15	10	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	20,705	19,965	290	60	395	not applicable ...
Participation rate	68.9	69.3	65.7	70.6	30.1	not applicable ...
Employment rate	65.4	65.7	60.9	58.8	28.3	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.1	6.3	12.5	5.9	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	66,555	64,970	845	175	565	930
Did not work^Footnote 135	19,255	18,565	275	55	365	300
Worked	47,300	46,405	575	115	200	630
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	24,385	23,975	275	70	75	305
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	22,910	22,430	295	50	125	320
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.3	41.6	41.3	40.1	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	48,750	47,830	590	125	205	655
a.Management	5,255	5,110	85	30	30	100
00 Senior management occupations	450	440	10	0	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,600	1,540	40	10	10	45
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,835	1,790	30	10	10	35
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,370	1,340	15	10	10	20
b.Professional	5,940	5,785	115	25	10	135
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,000	975	25	0	0	25
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,035	985	30	10	0	40
30 Professional occupations in nursing	865	850	20	0	0	15
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	410	405	0	0	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,410	1,365	35	0	0	40
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	825	820	0	0	0	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	400	390	0	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	5,265	5,180	65	10	10	70
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,355	1,330	20	0	0	20
32 Technical occupations in health	830	825	0	0	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,325	1,315	10	0	0	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	625	605	15	0	0	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,135	1,110	20	10	0	20
d.Administration and administrative support	6,370	6,295	55	15	10	60
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,300	2,290	10	0	0	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	735	720	15	0	0	20
14 Office support occupations	2,430	2,400	15	10	10	20
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	900	885	10	0	0	10
e.Sales	5,500	5,420	35	20	30	40
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,290	1,280	10	10	0	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,560	2,510	20	15	15	25
66 Sales support occupations	1,655	1,635	0	0	15	0
f.Personal and customer information services	8,275	8,125	100	15	35	105
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	805	795	10	0	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,275	1,245	25	0	0	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,355	1,325	10	0	10	15
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,125	2,095	30	0	0	30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,715	2,665	25	10	20	30
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,040	5,935	80	0	25	80
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,965	3,875	65	0	15	65
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,080	2,050	15	0	10	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,745	3,690	40	0	15	40
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	950	935	10	0	10	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,940	1,920	15	0	10	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	860	835	15	0	10	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	880	830	15	10	25	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	170	160	10	0	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	275	260	0	0	15	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	435	410	10	10	10	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,480	1,460	0	0	10	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	230	220	0	0	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	485	480	0	0	0	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	285	285	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	475	470	0	0	10	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	48,750	47,835	590	125	200	655
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	625	580	10	15	20	25
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	475	435	0	15	15	10
113 Forestry and logging	75	65	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	30	30	10	0	0	10
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	45	45	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210	205	10	10	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	90	85	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	65	65	0	10	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	60	55	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	260	255	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	260	255	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,860	5,740	85	10	35	85
236 Construction of buildings	1,540	1,510	20	0	0	25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	455	440	0	0	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,865	3,780	65	0	15	65
31-33 Manufacturing	3,565	3,480	45	10	30	55
311 Food manufacturing	400	385	15	0	0	15
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	120	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	25	25	10	0	0	10
315 Clothing manufacturing	30	20	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	365	360	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	95	90	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	185	185	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	25	25	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	185	180	0	10	10	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	110	115	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	170	170	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	150	145	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	570	560	0	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	220	215	0	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	100	100	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	125	120	10	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	310	300	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	190	185	10	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	175	170	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,145	2,120	10	0	10	15
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	60	55	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	30	25	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	440	430	0	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	210	210	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	175	175	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	390	375	10	0	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	530	525	0	0	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	245	245	0	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	70	70	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,940	5,815	60	25	40	75
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	860	850	10	0	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	300	290	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	220	210	10	10	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	385	375	10	0	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,590	1,560	15	0	25	15
446 Health and personal care stores	485	470	10	10	0	15
447 Gasoline stations	145	150	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	470	465	10	10	0	15
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	220	220	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	765	755	0	0	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	295	290	0	0	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	195	190	0	0	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,775	2,735	25	10	10	25
481 Air transportation	105	100	0	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	230	225	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	90	90	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	720	705	10	0	10	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	440	440	0	0	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	15	15	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	530	525	0	0	0	10
491 Postal service	230	230	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	135	135	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	280	275	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,450	1,425	25	0	0	25
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	250	250	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	540	535	10	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	25	20	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	500	485	15	0	0	15
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	20	20	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	115	110	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,890	1,860	25	10	0	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	765	755	10	0	0	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	310	305	0	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	805	790	15	0	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	970	970	0	0	0	10
531 Real estate	805	805	0	0	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	160	160	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,840	2,780	50	0	0	50
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,845	2,775	45	0	10	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	80	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	80	85	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,170	2,135	35	0	0	35
561 Administrative and support services	1,945	1,910	35	0	0	35
562 Waste management and remediation services	225	230	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,225	3,130	75	10	15	80
611 Educational services	3,230	3,125	75	10	15	80
62 Health care and social assistance	5,505	5,445	40	10	10	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,825	1,805	10	10	0	20
622 Hospitals	1,595	1,580	15	0	0	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	910	905	10	0	0	10
624 Social assistance	1,175	1,155	10	0	10	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,075	1,060	15	10	0	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	305	305	0	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	45	45	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	715	705	10	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,120	3,075	15	0	20	20
721 Accommodation services	210	210	0	0	0	10
722 Food services and drinking places	2,910	2,875	15	10	20	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,395	2,360	25	0	10	25
811 Repair and maintenance	865	850	15	0	0	15
812 Personal and laundry services	865	855	0	0	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	500	495	10	0	0	0
814 Private households	165	165	0	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,640	2,590	40	10	0	45
911 Federal government public administration	905	880	15	0	0	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	530	520	10	0	0	15
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,200	1,185	10	0	0	15
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	43,495	42,715	515	105	160	570
Worked at home	3,310	3,235	40	10	25	45
Worked outside Canada	170	135	10	10	20	10
No fixed workplace address	7,430	7,320	85	0	20	90
Worked at usual place	32,585	32,025	380	85	100	420
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	48,750	47,830	595	125	200	650
English	48,035	47,340	520	90	80	565
French	105	45	55	10	0	55
Non-official language	315	200	0	0	115	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	315	200	0	0	115	0
English and French	65	35	15	15	0	25
English and non-official language	220	200	0	10	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	48,750	47,830	590	125	200	650
None	47,455	46,730	465	100	165	515
English	215	160	35	10	10	35
French	290	195	90	0	0	95
Non-official language	755	710	0	15	30	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	755	710	0	15	25	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	25	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,585	32,020	380	85	95	425
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,080	10,910	100	15	60	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,815	19,450	265	60	30	300
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,565	1,540	15	0	0	20
Commute to a different province or territory	120	120	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	40,015	39,340	470	85	120	510
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,645	32,130	380	65	70	410
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,115	2,075	15	0	15	15
Public transit	3,100	3,025	40	10	20	45
Walked	1,485	1,450	15	0	10	20
Bicycle	185	185	0	0	0	0
Other method	490	480	10	0	0	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	40,015	39,345	465	90	120	510
Less than 15 minutes	8,610	8,505	85	10	20	85
15 to 29 minutes	9,720	9,565	105	15	35	115
30 to 44 minutes	8,130	7,970	115	20	25	125
45 to 59 minutes	5,370	5,275	55	10	30	65
60 minutes and over	8,190	8,035	105	40	10	120
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	40,015	39,340	465	85	120	510
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,310	5,240	65	0	0	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,410	8,255	110	10	30	115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,005	8,825	130	40	15	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,725	6,610	65	20	35	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,980	3,885	50	10	25	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,585	6,525	45	0	10	50
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	80,090	78,290	910	235	650	1,030
Non-movers	67,500	66,200	705	165	435	780
Movers	12,590	12,095	205	75	215	245
Non-migrants	6,075	5,925	100	10	45	100
Migrants	6,510	6,170	110	60	175	140
Internal migrants	5,925	5,680	85	60	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	5,205	5,000	60	65	80	90
Interprovincial migrants	720	680	30	0	15	30
External migrants	585	485	25	0	70	20
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	76,470	74,755	885	225	605	1,000
Non-movers	44,370	43,545	500	70	250	535
Movers	32,100	31,210	385	160	350	465
Non-migrants	15,465	15,280	135	20	35	140
Migrants	16,630	15,930	255	140	320	320
Internal migrants	14,710	14,235	245	115	120	300
Intraprovincial migrants	13,045	12,695	155	95	105	200
Interprovincial migrants	1,665	1,540	95	20	10	100
External migrants	1,920	1,695	0	25	200	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Maple Ridge, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.