Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Kelowna, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	124,140	121,385	1,910	185	650	2,005
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	650	2,005
0 to 14 years	17,735	17,395	125	65	145	160
0 to 4 years	5,595	5,390	40	35	130	60
5 to 9 years	6,120	6,025	65	10	20	70
10 to 14 years	6,020	5,980	20	15	0	35
15 to 64 years	82,500	80,975	1,205	105	215	1,260
15 to 19 years	6,910	6,860	40	0	10	40
20 to 24 years	9,030	8,965	55	10	0	55
25 to 29 years	8,580	8,460	110	0	10	110
30 to 34 years	8,360	8,210	135	10	10	140
35 to 39 years	7,470	7,320	115	20	25	120
40 to 44 years	7,140	7,005	105	10	20	105
45 to 49 years	7,970	7,775	145	25	25	160
50 to 54 years	9,250	9,075	140	0	30	145
55 to 59 years	9,400	9,150	200	20	30	210
60 to 64 years	8,390	8,160	160	10	60	165
65 years and over	23,900	23,015	580	20	285	590
65 to 69 years	7,480	7,210	185	10	80	190
70 to 74 years	5,785	5,570	140	0	75	140
75 to 79 years	4,480	4,265	145	0	65	150
80 to 84 years	3,375	3,270	70	10	30	75
85 years and over	2,775	2,700	35	0	35	40
85 to 89 years	2,015	1,965	25	10	30	25
90 to 94 years	620	600	15	0	10	15
95 to 99 years	130	125	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	15	0	0	0	0
Average age	42.5	42.3	51.3	34.1	50.4	not applicable ...
Median age	42.9	42.5	54.3	37.0	61.7	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	106,400	103,990	1,785	120	500	1,850
Married or living common law	61,265	59,685	1,145	65	370	1,175
Married	50,205	48,890	900	65	350	935
Living common law	11,060	10,800	245	0	20	245
Not married and not living common law	45,130	44,305	645	55	130	670
Never married	28,530	28,160	310	35	25	335
Separated	3,075	3,030	40	0	0	40
Divorced	7,985	7,835	140	10	0	140
Widowed	5,535	5,275	150	10	105	155
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	106,400	103,990	1,790	120	505	1,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,510	101,140	1,765	115	495	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,435	47,590	47,418	31,369	19,566	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,187	34,379	33,680	23,834	15,576	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,570	101,195	1,765	115	495	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,534	39,650	39,636	27,052	18,303	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,716	30,863	30,298	23,578	15,576	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,910	93,885	1,610	110	305	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,365	45,484	44,656	28,152	18,545	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,476	31,647	30,760	16,177	13,062	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,180	71,340	1,310	95	435	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,643	7,612	8,894	6,210	9,162	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,913	5,833	8,706	4,820	9,766	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,860	76,290	1,280	80	210	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,258	41,369	38,354	36,399	20,605	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,000	30,080	26,669	23,902	13,512	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	88.6	88.7	85.9	85.8	59.4	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	65.4	65.6	58.9	80.7	44.7	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	11.4	11.3	14.0	16.4	41.6	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	106,400	103,990	1,785	120	500	1,850
Without total income	2,890	2,850	25	0	10	30
With total income	103,510	101,140	1,765	115	495	1,820
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.3	98.9	95.8	99.0	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,480	12,195	155	too unreliable to be published F	95	170
$10,000 to $19,999	18,040	17,455	325	too unreliable to be published F	235	335
$20,000 to $29,999	15,885	15,435	345	too unreliable to be published F	90	350
$30,000 to $39,999	12,605	12,345	215	too unreliable to be published F	40	215
$40,000 to $49,999	11,080	10,960	105	too unreliable to be published F	0	110
$50,000 to $59,999	8,340	8,205	125	too unreliable to be published F	0	130
$60,000 to $69,999	6,315	6,200	115	too unreliable to be published F	10	110
$70,000 to $79,999	4,655	4,545	100	too unreliable to be published F	10	95
$80,000 to $89,999	3,765	3,685	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$90,000 to $99,999	2,395	2,330	55	too unreliable to be published F	0	55
$100,000 and over	7,955	7,785	165	too unreliable to be published F	0	170
$100,000 to $149,999	5,060	4,915	135	too unreliable to be published F	0	135
$150,000 and over	2,895	2,865	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	106,400	103,990	1,785	120	500	1,845
Without after-tax income	2,830	2,800	20	0	10	25
With after-tax income	103,570	101,195	1,765	115	495	1,825
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.3	98.9	95.8	99.0	98.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,155	12,860	170	too unreliable to be published F	100	185
$10,000 to $19,999	19,175	18,545	370	too unreliable to be published F	245	375
$20,000 to $29,999	18,350	17,900	350	too unreliable to be published F	85	355
$30,000 to $39,999	14,950	14,680	225	too unreliable to be published F	35	230
$40,000 to $49,999	11,745	11,565	165	too unreliable to be published F	10	170
$50,000 to $59,999	8,290	8,165	120	too unreliable to be published F	0	115
$60,000 to $69,999	5,835	5,670	145	too unreliable to be published F	10	150
$70,000 to $79,999	3,930	3,855	60	too unreliable to be published F	10	65
$80,000 and over	8,135	7,960	170	too unreliable to be published F	0	170
$80,000 to $89,999	2,225	2,190	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	1,585	35	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$100,000 and over	4,285	4,185	85	too unreliable to be published F	0	90
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	106,400	103,995	1,785	120	500	1,845
Without employment income	28,540	27,705	505	40	290	525
With employment income	77,860	76,290	1,285	80	210	1,325
Percentage with employment income	73.2	73.4	72.0	66.7	42.0	71.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,125	12,760	320	too unreliable to be published F	20	330
$5,000 to $9,999	5,910	5,805	80	too unreliable to be published F	25	80
$10,000 to $19,999	10,645	10,405	145	too unreliable to be published F	85	155
$20,000 to $29,999	9,190	8,990	145	too unreliable to be published F	40	150
$30,000 to $39,999	8,315	8,170	115	too unreliable to be published F	15	125
$40,000 to $49,999	7,505	7,425	70	too unreliable to be published F	10	75
$50,000 to $59,999	5,590	5,515	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$60,000 to $69,999	4,450	4,370	70	too unreliable to be published F	0	70
$70,000 to $79,999	3,340	3,245	85	too unreliable to be published F	0	85
$80,000 and over	9,790	9,600	170	too unreliable to be published F	10	175
$80,000 to $89,999	2,825	2,770	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	45
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	1,580	30	too unreliable to be published F	10	35
$100,000 and over	5,350	5,255	95	too unreliable to be published F	0	95
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	106,400	103,995	1,790	125	500	1,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	31,785	31,240	460	40	45	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,083	50,039	61,530	38,595	20,607	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	60,917	60,936	63,615	48,753	28,327	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	124,135	121,385	1,915	185	645	2,010
English only	114,255	114,250	0	0	0	0
French only	55	0	50	0	0	55
English and French	9,135	7,100	1,860	180	0	1,950
Neither English nor French	695	40	0	0	650	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	124,135	121,390	1,915	190	650	2,005
English	115,455	114,145	1,310	0	0	1,310
French	540	50	490	0	0	490
Non-official language	5,145	4,355	10	125	650	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,145	4,355	10	130	650	75
English and French	155	25	85	40	0	105
English and non-official language	2,780	2,780	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	40	25	0	15	0	15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	650	2,005
None	115,410	113,580	1,120	110	605	1,175
English	2,435	2,090	250	55	40	280
French	1,155	675	480	0	0	480
Non-official language	4,965	4,900	55	10	10	55
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,950	4,885	55	10	10	55
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	80	65	15	0	0	15
French and non-official language	85	85	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	124,140	121,385	1,915	185	650	2,010
English	105,370	105,365	10	0	0	0
French	2,055	220	1,835	0	0	1,840
Non-official language	15,300	14,485	30	140	650	95
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,275	14,465	25	135	650	95
English and French	260	210	15	35	0	35
English and non-official language	1,100	1,095	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	30	0	0	30
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	124,140	121,390	1,910	185	650	2,005
Official languages	123,440	121,350	1,915	180	0	2,005
English	123,390	121,350	1,860	180	0	1,950
French	9,190	7,095	1,910	180	0	2,005
Non-official languages	20,165	19,130	235	150	645	310
Aboriginal languages	65	65	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,110	19,080	235	150	650	310
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	645	2,005
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	6,840	6,735	100	0	0	100
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	6,600	6,505	95	0	0	95
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	2,920	2,910	10	0	0	15
Métis	3,605	3,525	80	0	0	80
Inuk (Inuit)	75	70	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	150	150	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	85	80	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	117,300	114,650	1,815	185	645	1,910
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	124,135	121,385	1,915	185	650	2,005
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	1,790	1,785	10	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	122,345	119,605	1,905	185	650	2,000
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	124,135	121,390	1,910	185	645	2,005
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	940	920	25	0	0	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	925	910	20	0	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	520	510	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	400	390	10	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	6,890	6,780	110	0	0	110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	6,600	6,495	110	0	0	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,675	3,620	55	0	0	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,860	2,805	55	0	0	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	65	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	285	280	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	255	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	116,305	113,690	1,780	185	650	1,875
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	645	2,010
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	117,770	115,465	1,805	150	335	1,885
Canadian citizens only	113,930	111,770	1,760	115	285	1,820
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,835	3,695	50	35	55	70
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	6,370	5,920	105	35	310	120
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	645	2,005
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	104,665	102,795	1,675	70	125	1,710
Immigrants^Footnote 42	17,835	17,070	180	90	495	225
Before 1981	7,590	7,455	60	20	55	70
1981 to 1990	1,800	1,770	10	10	20	10
1991 to 2000	2,605	2,395	40	25	135	55
2001 to 2010	3,410	3,220	30	35	125	45
2001 to 2005	1,440	1,370	10	10	55	15
2006 to 2010	1,975	1,855	15	30	75	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	2,435	2,225	40	0	155	45
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	1,635	1,530	60	20	30	65
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	17,835	17,070	180	95	495	230
Under 5 years	1,980	1,930	25	10	20	25
5 to 14 years	3,355	3,305	35	10	10	40
15 to 24 years	4,345	4,285	25	15	20	30
25 to 44 years	6,890	6,615	90	55	130	115
45 years and over	1,270	935	10	10	310	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	17,840	17,070	180	90	495	225
Americas	2,400	2,350	10	25	15	20
Brazil	45	50	0	0	0	0
Colombia	80	55	0	25	0	10
El Salvador	85	80	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	10
Jamaica	255	260	0	0	0	0
Mexico	205	200	0	0	10	0
Peru	65	70	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	45	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	1,295	1,295	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	280	280	0	0	10	0
Europe	9,465	9,220	125	40	75	145
Bosnia and Herzegovina	135	130	0	0	0	10
Croatia	185	180	0	0	10	0
France	145	55	85	0	0	90
Germany	1,610	1,600	0	10	10	10
Greece	55	60	0	0	0	0
Hungary	255	245	0	0	0	10
Ireland^Footnote 48	135	135	0	0	0	0
Italy	445	430	0	0	15	0
Netherlands	520	515	0	0	0	0
Poland	585	570	10	0	10	0
Portugal	120	110	0	10	0	10
Romania	225	210	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	245	215	0	0	25	0
Serbia^Footnote 49	135	135	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	260	260	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	3,240	3,225	10	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	1,160	1,130	20	10	10	20
Africa	555	510	45	0	0	50
Algeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	0	0	0	10
Ethiopia	35	35	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	265	265	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	185	150	30	0	0	30
Asia	5,035	4,600	0	30	405	15
Afghanistan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	40	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	535	480	0	0	55	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	130	130	0	0	0	0
India	1,375	1,170	0	0	205	0
Iran^Footnote 53	255	245	0	10	10	10
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	135	125	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^Footnote 54	405	330	0	10	65	0
Lebanon	65	65	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	125	110	0	0	15	0
Philippines	1,020	1,020	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	45	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	10	10	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	125	115	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	235	200	0	10	25	0
Other places of birth in Asia	500	490	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	385	385	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	2,430	2,230	40	10	155	45
Americas	550	540	0	0	10	0
Brazil	15	20	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	210	210	0	0	0	0
Mexico	100	90	0	0	10	0
United States^Footnote 58	165	170	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	30	0	0	0	0
Europe	490	450	15	0	20	15
France	25	0	15	0	0	15
Germany	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	20	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	15	15	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	25	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	35	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	65	60	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	165	165	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	115	0	0	10	0
Africa	90	60	20	0	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	35	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	15	0	0	10
Asia	1,225	1,095	0	10	125	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	120	105	0	0	15	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	220	180	0	0	35	0
Iran^Footnote 65	35	35	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	165	115	0	0	50	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	20	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	450	455	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	15	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	20	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	65	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	80	80	0	0	0	0
Australia	55	60	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	20	20	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	650	2,010
First generation^Footnote 71	20,390	19,475	260	110	540	320
Second generation^Footnote 72	25,960	25,660	150	55	95	180
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	77,785	76,255	1,500	15	10	1,510
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	10,475	9,835	120	75	445	160
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	5,600	5,380	50	55	115	80
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	2,230	2,120	50	25	40	60
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	3,365	3,265	0	25	75	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	3,850	3,475	60	10	310	65
Refugees^Footnote 79	965	920	10	20	15	20
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	60	60	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	124,140	121,385	1,915	185	650	2,005
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	11,745	11,030	95	75	550	125
South Asian^Footnote 83	3,220	2,935	10	15	270	10
Chinese	1,810	1,685	0	10	110	10
Black	1,005	945	60	0	0	60
Filipino	1,440	1,430	0	0	10	0
Latin American	765	715	0	35	20	20
Arab	255	225	10	0	15	10
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	535	510	0	0	25	10
West Asian^Footnote 85	345	330	0	0	10	0
Korean	560	480	0	10	80	0
Japanese	1,195	1,180	0	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	240	240	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	385	360	15	0	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	112,390	110,360	1,820	115	95	1,880
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	124,135	121,390	1,915	185	650	2,005
North American Aboriginal origins	7,830	7,700	130	0	0	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,485	4,420	65	0	0	65
Inuit	120	115	10	0	0	0
Métis	3,525	3,465	65	0	0	65
Other North American origins	32,215	31,385	795	15	20	800
Acadian	110	65	45	0	0	45
American	2,320	2,310	10	0	0	15
Canadian	30,485	29,710	735	15	25	745
New Brunswicker	25	25	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	40	40	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	25	15	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	100,470	98,835	1,415	125	90	1,480
British Isles origins	63,845	63,490	330	30	0	345
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	20	0	0	0	0
English	38,660	38,505	145	0	0	150
Irish	22,270	22,120	135	15	0	145
Manx	30	30	0	0	0	0
Scottish	27,820	27,700	110	10	0	115
Welsh	3,500	3,495	0	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	3,855	3,820	25	10	0	30
French origins	14,090	12,795	1,255	35	0	1,275
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	14,085	12,795	1,260	35	0	1,275
Western European origins (except French origins)	36,085	35,880	145	30	30	165
Austrian	2,145	2,130	0	10	0	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	655	640	20	0	0	15
Dutch	7,295	7,255	35	10	0	35
Flemish	75	75	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
German	28,060	27,955	70	15	20	75
Luxembourger	20	20	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,450	1,400	30	10	0	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	11,925	11,910	10	10	0	15
Danish	1,680	1,680	0	0	0	0
Finnish	1,070	1,060	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	845	845	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,960	4,950	10	0	0	10
Swedish	3,925	3,920	10	0	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	630	625	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	24,520	24,380	50	55	40	75
Bulgarian	80	80	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Czech	795	800	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	275	275	0	0	0	0
Estonian	115	105	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	2,415	2,395	15	10	0	20
Latvian	150	150	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	150	150	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Polish	6,530	6,485	25	10	10	30
Romanian	1,045	1,035	0	0	0	0
Russian	5,320	5,275	10	10	30	10
Slovak	340	340	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	11,415	11,380	20	20	0	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	45	50	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	10,195	9,980	125	55	30	155
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	730	720	0	0	10	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	630	615	10	10	0	0
Italian	6,100	6,005	65	15	15	70
Kosovar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	75	75	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	930	900	15	15	0	25
Serbian	345	345	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	285	280	10	0	0	10
Spanish	1,165	1,100	50	15	10	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	315	315	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	890	875	10	10	0	10
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	415	405	0	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	25	15	10	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	405	405	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	765	750	20	0	0	20
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	15	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	25	15	0	0	15
Jamaican	480	480	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	75	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	45	45	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	35	35	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,365	1,280	10	45	20	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	30	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	65	0	0	0	0
Chilean	115	105	10	10	0	10
Colombian	135	105	0	25	0	20
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	50	55	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	90	85	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	35	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mexican	455	425	0	10	20	0
Nicaraguan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	40	45	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	85	85	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	105	105	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	30	30	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,115	1,050	50	10	10	50
Central and West African origins	95	70	30	0	0	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	30	0	0	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	175	155	10	10	10	10
Algerian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	110	105	10	0	0	10
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	480	470	15	0	0	10
Afrikaner	20	20	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	45	10	0	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	15	0	0	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	285	280	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	395	395	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	70	70	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	325	330	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,855	10,240	50	45	520	75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,310	1,270	15	0	25	15
Afghan	45	40	0	0	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	55	45	0	0	0	0
Armenian	75	70	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Georgian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	450	440	0	0	10	10
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	35	30	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	50	50	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	345	335	10	0	0	10
Palestinian	55	55	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	60	0	0	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	85	85	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	25	20	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,235	2,950	10	15	265	10
Bangladeshi	105	100	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,760	2,515	10	0	240	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	45	0	0	10	0
Pakistani	145	145	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	235	215	0	0	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	65	60	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	60	55	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,390	6,085	35	25	240	50
Burmese	20	20	0	0	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,180	2,045	10	15	115	10
Filipino	1,675	1,670	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,440	1,420	0	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	580	495	0	10	80	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	70	70	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	175	170	0	0	10	0
Thai	95	95	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	385	340	20	0	20	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	30	30	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	770	760	0	0	0	10
Australian	450	445	10	0	0	10
New Zealander	150	150	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	185	185	0	0	0	0
Fijian	100	105	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	106,400	103,995	1,790	120	500	1,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,320	14,795	265	0	260	265
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	32,735	32,235	365	10	125	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,345	56,965	1,160	105	120	1,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,465	10,280	165	10	20	165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	4,100	3,995	90	0	10	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	6,375	6,290	70	0	10	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,565	23,065	455	25	20	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,160	3,055	80	10	10	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,150	20,570	460	60	65	490
Bachelor's degree	14,085	13,760	260	20	50	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,520	1,445	60	15	0	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	705	675	30	0	0	30
Master's degree	3,960	3,855	85	15	0	90
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	880	840	30	0	10	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	106,400	103,990	1,790	120	505	1,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	48,055	47,025	625	20	385	635
Education	4,365	4,225	140	0	0	145
13. Education	4,365	4,225	145	0	0	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,260	2,200	45	10	10	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	590	585	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,675	1,615	45	10	10	50
Humanities	2,600	2,520	40	20	25	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	145	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	725	715	0	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	690	660	15	10	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	165	165	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	460	460	0	0	0	0
54. History	330	325	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	45	15	0	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,360	5,190	150	10	15	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	35	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	455	15	0	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,020	965	45	0	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	960	955	10	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	80	80	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,165	1,135	30	0	0	30
45. Social sciences	1,630	1,565	55	10	10	55
Business, management and public administration	12,455	12,165	255	20	10	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	30	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	905	880	30	0	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,520	11,265	230	15	10	240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,100	2,070	25	0	0	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	940	940	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	495	490	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	520	500	20	0	0	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	135	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,785	1,735	35	0	10	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,375	1,345	25	0	0	25
25. Library science	145	135	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	250	245	10	0	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,705	11,455	205	30	15	215
04. Architecture and related services	335	335	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,790	1,700	40	30	15	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,120	2,090	35	0	0	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,500	3,440	55	0	0	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,800	2,750	45	0	0	45
48. Precision production	1,150	1,130	20	0	0	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,100	1,075	15	0	0	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	650	15	0	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	430	420	10	10	0	10
Health and related fields	10,595	10,435	150	10	0	155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	865	845	20	0	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	9,520	9,395	110	10	10	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	215	195	25	0	0	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,010	3,900	90	0	15	95
12. Personal and culinary services	2,820	2,750	55	10	15	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	335	320	15	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	835	815	15	0	0	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	106,400	103,990	1,790	120	500	1,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,055	47,025	630	15	385	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	58,345	56,965	1,160	105	115	1,210
Location of study inside Canada	50,725	49,620	1,050	55	0	1,075
Same as province or territory of residence	33,400	33,040	345	10	0	355
Different than province or territory of residence	17,320	16,580	700	40	0	720
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	7,625	7,345	110	50	115	135
United States^Footnote 130	1,950	1,920	30	0	0	30
Philippines	570	570	0	0	0	0
India	325	315	0	0	15	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	1,155	1,145	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 132	155	125	0	0	25	0
France	85	35	50	0	0	50
Other	3,395	3,230	35	50	75	60
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	106,400	103,990	1,785	120	505	not applicable ...
In the labour force	69,150	67,850	1,095	80	125	not applicable ...
Employed	64,380	63,185	1,000	80	110	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,770	4,660	90	0	15	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	37,250	36,145	700	40	375	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.0	65.2	61.3	66.7	24.8	not applicable ...
Employment rate	60.5	60.8	56.0	66.7	21.8	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.9	8.2	0.0	12.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	106,405	103,990	1,785	120	500	1,845
Did not work^Footnote 135	34,180	33,140	670	45	325	690
Worked	72,215	70,850	1,115	75	175	1,160
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	32,890	32,320	485	45	45	510
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	39,330	38,530	630	35	130	650
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.9	41.3	40.5	32.2	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	74,570	73,135	1,155	85	190	1,200
a.Management	8,260	8,110	135	10	10	140
00 Senior management occupations	785	755	20	0	0	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,310	2,280	30	0	0	30
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,145	3,095	45	0	0	45
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,025	1,970	50	0	10	50
b.Professional	11,535	11,280	240	0	0	245
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,050	2,030	20	0	0	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,880	1,840	40	0	0	40
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,345	1,340	10	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,215	1,180	35	0	0	35
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,580	2,480	90	0	0	90
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,760	1,710	45	0	0	45
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	705	700	0	0	0	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	7,500	7,345	140	15	0	145
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,110	2,085	25	0	0	25
32 Technical occupations in health	1,755	1,725	30	0	0	25
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,350	1,320	25	0	0	30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	390	360	30	0	0	30
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,900	1,860	35	0	0	35
d.Administration and administrative support	8,700	8,540	135	10	15	140
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,370	3,310	40	0	15	45
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,105	1,080	15	15	0	20
14 Office support occupations	3,155	3,100	55	0	0	55
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,070	1,040	25	0	0	25
e.Sales	8,050	7,915	115	10	10	120
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,770	1,745	25	10	0	30
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	4,005	3,945	50	0	10	55
66 Sales support occupations	2,265	2,235	35	0	0	35
f.Personal and customer information services	15,360	15,060	200	25	80	215
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,695	1,700	0	0	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,385	1,345	25	0	10	30
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,815	2,735	30	10	45	30
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,275	4,185	75	10	10	85
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,195	5,095	70	10	25	70
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,505	6,405	85	0	10	90
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,765	4,680	75	0	10	70
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,735	1,720	10	0	0	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,710	4,630	75	0	0	75
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,105	1,095	10	0	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,475	2,440	35	0	0	35
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,125	1,095	30	10	0	30
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,155	2,070	20	0	60	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	540	540	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	495	455	10	0	35	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,115	1,075	15	0	30	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,795	1,775	10	10	0	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	395	400	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	520	500	10	10	0	15
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	335	335	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	545	545	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	74,570	73,135	1,155	85	190	1,195
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,485	1,405	20	0	60	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	1,120	1,040	20	0	65	20
113 Forestry and logging	175	180	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	40	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	150	150	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,055	1,045	10	0	0	15
211 Oil and gas extraction	445	440	10	0	0	10
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	185	180	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	425	420	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	355	350	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	355	350	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	7,785	7,655	120	0	10	120
236 Construction of buildings	2,465	2,440	25	0	0	25
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	820	810	15	0	0	10
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,505	4,405	80	0	15	85
31-33 Manufacturing	3,700	3,630	55	10	0	60
311 Food manufacturing	495	485	0	10	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	395	390	0	0	0	10
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	25	25	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	20	15	10	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	440	435	10	0	0	10
322 Paper manufacturing	40	40	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	60	60	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	70	65	10	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	180	185	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	65	65	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	175	170	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	100	100	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	400	390	10	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	175	160	10	0	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	105	100	10	0	0	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	30	25	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	300	300	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	340	335	0	0	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	280	280	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,070	2,030	45	0	0	45
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	20	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	20	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	350	345	10	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	225	225	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	135	135	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	480	485	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	445	425	20	0	0	25
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	295	280	10	0	0	15
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	105	105	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,720	9,570	140	0	10	140
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,330	1,310	15	0	10	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	455	450	10	0	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	345	340	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	625	630	0	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	2,145	2,115	30	0	0	30
446 Health and personal care stores	920	900	15	0	0	15
447 Gasoline stations	210	210	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,030	1,010	25	0	0	25
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	610	590	15	0	0	10
452 General merchandise stores	1,060	1,055	10	0	0	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	650	640	10	0	0	15
454 Non-store retailers	330	320	15	0	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,755	2,715	35	0	0	35
481 Air transportation	425	425	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	25	25	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	30	35	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	720	710	10	0	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	405	395	15	0	0	15
486 Pipeline transportation	15	15	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	565	550	10	0	0	10
491 Postal service	175	175	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	295	295	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	90	85	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,585	1,570	10	10	0	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	365	360	10	0	0	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	280	280	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	180	180	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	460	455	0	10	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	45	50	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	250	250	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,605	2,565	35	10	0	40
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,175	1,155	20	0	0	20
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	490	480	0	10	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	940	925	10	0	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,570	1,525	30	0	10	30
531 Real estate	1,330	1,300	20	0	10	25
532 Rental and leasing services	240	230	0	0	10	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,125	5,040	75	10	0	75
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,120	5,045	70	10	0	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	135	125	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	135	130	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,805	3,720	75	0	0	75
561 Administrative and support services	3,570	3,490	70	0	10	70
562 Waste management and remediation services	235	230	0	0	0	10
61 Educational services	5,005	4,815	180	10	10	180
611 Educational services	5,005	4,815	180	10	10	185
62 Health care and social assistance	9,870	9,740	130	0	10	125
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,135	3,070	60	0	0	60
622 Hospitals	3,460	3,435	30	0	0	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,635	1,610	20	0	0	20
624 Social assistance	1,645	1,625	20	0	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,225	2,200	25	0	0	20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	545	540	10	10	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	75	70	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,600	1,580	15	0	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	7,635	7,470	80	20	65	95
721 Accommodation services	1,505	1,460	30	10	10	35
722 Food services and drinking places	6,130	6,010	45	15	60	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,510	3,450	40	0	10	50
811 Repair and maintenance	1,005	995	0	0	0	10
812 Personal and laundry services	1,385	1,355	25	0	0	30
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	820	810	10	0	0	10
814 Private households	300	290	0	0	10	0
91 Public administration	2,580	2,510	65	0	0	65
911 Federal government public administration	975	940	35	0	0	35
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	525	515	10	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,045	1,025	20	0	0	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	25	30	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	64,380	63,185	1,000	80	110	1,045
Worked at home	5,695	5,555	130	10	0	135
Worked outside Canada	210	205	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,495	9,355	105	10	30	110
Worked at usual place	48,980	48,070	755	65	85	790
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	74,570	73,135	1,155	85	195	1,200
English	73,555	72,445	995	70	40	1,035
French	230	120	110	0	0	110
Non-official language	375	235	10	0	135	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	375	235	0	0	135	0
English and French	85	50	40	0	0	40
English and non-official language	300	280	0	10	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	74,570	73,135	1,155	85	195	1,195
None	72,855	71,745	860	60	180	900
English	325	260	60	0	10	60
French	570	345	220	10	0	225
Non-official language	785	770	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	780	760	10	15	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	48,975	48,070	755	70	80	790
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	43,770	42,965	670	55	80	695
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,705	2,670	35	0	0	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,730	1,690	35	0	0	40
Commute to a different province or territory	770	745	20	10	0	25
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	58,475	57,425	865	70	110	905
Car, truck, van - as a driver	45,945	45,170	670	45	55	695
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,040	2,975	35	0	35	30
Public transit	2,520	2,450	40	20	10	45
Walked	3,325	3,270	40	0	10	45
Bicycle	2,135	2,070	60	0	0	60
Other method	1,510	1,495	15	0	0	20
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	58,475	57,425	860	75	115	905
Less than 15 minutes	23,155	22,740	335	35	40	350
15 to 29 minutes	26,395	25,930	385	20	55	390
30 to 44 minutes	5,780	5,655	100	10	10	105
45 to 59 minutes	1,440	1,405	30	0	0	30
60 minutes and over	1,705	1,690	20	0	0	20
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	58,470	57,425	865	70	110	900
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,980	2,935	45	0	0	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,895	9,685	185	20	10	195
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,770	15,525	195	20	35	200
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,680	13,470	175	15	25	185
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,415	7,240	135	10	35	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,735	8,570	135	20	10	140
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	123,005	120,305	1,915	165	625	1,995
Non-movers	100,395	98,305	1,495	145	445	1,570
Movers	22,615	21,995	420	25	180	430
Non-migrants	14,230	13,920	230	10	65	240
Migrants	8,385	8,075	185	0	110	195
Internal migrants	7,115	6,915	155	10	45	160
Intraprovincial migrants	4,070	3,995	50	0	25	50
Interprovincial migrants	3,045	2,920	105	10	15	110
External migrants	1,270	1,165	35	0	70	35
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	118,545	115,995	1,870	150	520	1,950
Non-movers	62,000	60,840	895	75	195	930
Movers	56,545	55,160	985	75	330	1,015
Non-migrants	31,400	30,810	435	20	135	445
Migrants	25,140	24,350	545	50	190	570
Internal migrants	21,400	20,870	430	30	70	450
Intraprovincial migrants	12,135	11,945	135	15	40	145
Interprovincial migrants	9,270	8,925	300	15	25	310
External migrants	3,740	3,485	110	25	125	125

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Kelowna, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.0%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.