Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Moncton, C

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
0 to 14 years	10,785	7,410	2,365	250
0 to 4 years	3,575	2,370	870	125
5 to 9 years	3,800	2,650	800	65
10 to 14 years	3,415	2,390	695	60
15 to 64 years	47,645	29,055	14,915	765
15 to 19 years	3,585	2,405	845	75
20 to 24 years	5,025	2,970	1,660	145
25 to 29 years	5,200	3,085	1,705	105
30 to 34 years	4,960	2,835	1,705	90
35 to 39 years	4,805	2,850	1,425	95
40 to 44 years	4,885	2,955	1,435	65
45 to 49 years	4,625	2,975	1,210	45
50 to 54 years	5,105	3,240	1,595	50
55 to 59 years	5,020	3,040	1,790	45
60 to 64 years	4,435	2,695	1,550	50
65 years and over	11,680	7,070	4,250	105
65 to 69 years	4,000	2,485	1,390	30
70 to 74 years	2,940	1,745	1,090	35
75 to 79 years	2,115	1,205	855	10
80 to 84 years	1,390	835	520	10
85 years and over	1,245	795	390	15
85 to 89 years	865	520	310	10
90 to 94 years	295	225	65	0
95 to 99 years	75	45	25	0
100 years and over	0	10	0	0
Average age	41.0	40.3	43.8	32.6
Median age	40.7	40.3	43.6	29.3
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	59,330	36,125	19,165	870
Married or living common law	32,640	19,360	10,785	425
Married	24,660	14,820	7,735	240
Living common law	7,980	4,540	3,050	180
Not married and not living common law	26,690	16,760	8,380	445
Never married	17,590	10,805	5,600	370
Separated	2,250	1,505	655	10
Divorced	3,890	2,530	1,200	55
Widowed	2,960	1,925	925	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	59,330	36,120	19,170	870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,905	34,755	18,655	825
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,724	39,764	40,783	31,636
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,545	31,146	33,822	26,324
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,915	34,760	18,660	825
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,399	33,457	34,176	27,466
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,545	28,275	30,158	24,484
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,910	30,965	16,755	745
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,267	38,349	39,224	29,576
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,028	29,461	32,446	24,588
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,855	25,185	13,275	640
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,649	7,715	7,823	6,187
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,289	6,454	6,709	2,742
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,520	26,010	13,795	650
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,794	37,405	39,543	31,260
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,017	29,029	33,393	25,201
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.2	85.9	86.4	84.4
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.1	70.4	71.7	78.5
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.8	14.1	13.6	15.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	59,330	36,125	19,165	870
Without total income	2,420	1,370	510	45
With total income	56,905	34,755	18,655	825
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.2	97.3	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,715	4,790	2,205	125
$10,000 to $19,999	9,815	6,020	3,155	165
$20,000 to $29,999	9,525	5,920	2,890	190
$30,000 to $39,999	8,165	4,970	2,720	125
$40,000 to $49,999	6,790	4,230	2,270	80
$50,000 to $59,999	4,280	2,405	1,735	30
$60,000 to $69,999	3,085	1,845	1,075	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,440	1,445	920	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,450	805	550	20
$90,000 to $99,999	940	615	300	10
$100,000 and over	2,700	1,705	830	10
$100,000 to $149,999	1,825	1,110	605	0
$150,000 and over	870	600	230	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	59,330	36,120	19,165	865
Without after-tax income	2,415	1,360	505	45
With after-tax income	56,915	34,760	18,665	825
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.2	97.4	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,915	4,945	2,250	130
$10,000 to $19,999	10,545	6,485	3,355	180
$20,000 to $29,999	11,625	7,105	3,685	230
$30,000 to $39,999	9,920	6,140	3,275	140
$40,000 to $49,999	6,415	3,690	2,475	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,115	2,500	1,450	45
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	1,490	1,000	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	855	465	0
$80,000 and over	2,415	1,555	715	15
$80,000 to $89,999	770	455	245	10
$90,000 to $99,999	440	270	155	0
$100,000 and over	1,200	825	310	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	59,330	36,120	19,170	870
Without employment income	16,810	10,110	5,375	220
With employment income	42,515	26,010	13,790	650
Percentage with employment income	71.7	72.0	71.9	74.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,340	3,360	1,590	65
$5,000 to $9,999	3,715	2,255	1,190	70
$10,000 to $19,999	6,115	3,975	1,700	110
$20,000 to $29,999	6,080	3,770	1,740	150
$30,000 to $39,999	5,640	3,370	1,940	80
$40,000 to $49,999	4,600	2,870	1,510	55
$50,000 to $59,999	2,900	1,565	1,220	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,260	1,285	835	40
$70,000 to $79,999	1,855	1,050	730	20
$80,000 and over	4,025	2,505	1,325	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	715	470	15
$90,000 to $99,999	750	515	215	10
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,275	640	10
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	59,330	36,125	19,170	865
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	21,600	13,410	7,120	320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	44,114	43,618	46,818	35,258
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	52,955	53,130	53,791	43,640
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	70,115	43,530	21,540	1,120
English only	35,830	33,170	270	50
French only	1,790	0	1,610	10
English and French	31,995	10,350	19,640	1,060
Neither English nor French	505	10	15	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
English	49,625	42,670	5,520	580
French	16,030	435	15,070	190
Non-official language	2,370	95	55	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,375	90	55	10
English and French	1,340	200	775	335
English and non-official language	520	120	10	0
French and non-official language	135	0	95	0
English, French and non-official language	90	10	15	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
None	55,510	40,565	12,115	705
English	7,480	335	6,155	125
French	5,800	2,355	3,045	260
Non-official language	1,070	225	190	15
Aboriginal	25	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,040	210	190	20
English and French	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	0	20	0
French and non-official language	115	45	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	70,115	43,530	21,540	1,115
English	46,960	43,530	265	580
French	21,925	0	21,265	195
English and French	745	0	0	345
Neither English nor French	485	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	22,300	0	21,265	365
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	31.8	0.0	98.7	32.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Official languages	69,610	43,520	21,520	1,115
English	67,820	43,520	19,910	1,110
French	33,785	10,345	21,255	1,070
Non-official languages	5,815	940	935	75
Aboriginal languages	60	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,760	915	935	75
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,795	1,150	565	40
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,690	1,075	525	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	895	670	170	20
Métis	745	375	345	30
Inuk (Inuit)	55	35	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	25	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	75	50	25	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	68,320	42,380	20,975	1,075
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	70,115	43,535	21,535	1,120
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	570	440	85	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,545	43,090	21,445	1,110
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	520	350	130	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	510	350	125	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	385	270	80	10
Métis single ancestry	95	50	40	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	30	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	3,000	1,870	1,000	100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	2,900	1,825	950	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,210	1,425	700	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	625	355	240	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	45	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	100	45	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	40	50	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	66,595	41,305	20,400	1,015
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	66,440	42,925	20,765	1,110
Canadian citizens only	65,355	42,495	20,510	1,075
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,085	425	255	35
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	3,675	610	770	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	64,010	42,085	20,405	1,090
Immigrants^Footnote 44	5,180	1,350	740	30
Before 1981	1,155	675	215	15
1981 to 1990	225	85	10	10
1991 to 2000	330	95	55	0
2001 to 2010	1,305	300	210	0
2001 to 2005	450	130	60	0
2006 to 2010	855	175	150	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	2,170	195	245	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	925	90	395	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	5,180	1,355	740	30
Under 5 years	695	320	145	15
5 to 14 years	1,175	365	175	10
15 to 24 years	920	275	140	0
25 to 44 years	1,985	340	235	0
45 years and over	405	50	40	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	5,180	1,355	735	25
Americas	1,005	545	210	20
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0
Guyana	35	40	0	0
Haiti	50	0	30	0
Jamaica	15	20	0	0
Mexico	30	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	665	465	165	20
Other places of birth in Americas	115	15	15	0
Europe	1,190	510	275	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	215	10	205	0
Germany	120	50	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	25	20	0	0
Italy	65	10	0	0
Netherlands	35	10	0	0
Poland	35	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	150	40	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	370	365	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	130	10	50	0
Africa	895	90	225	10
Algeria	70	0	15	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	25	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	0	35	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	675	60	170	10
Asia	2,080	200	30	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	425	35	15	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	45	10	0	0
India	145	25	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	310	10	0	0
Lebanon	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	0	0	0
Philippines	205	40	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	285	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	220	55	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	225	35	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	15	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	2,170	195	245	10
Americas	120	40	15	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	35	30	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	0	0
Europe	320	65	135	0
France	110	0	110	0
Germany	10	0	15	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	125	35	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	0	15	0
Africa	380	0	90	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	0	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	65	0	30	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	150	10	35	0
Asia	1,340	85	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	335	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	35	10	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0
Israel	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	160	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	265	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	20	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	70,115	43,530	21,540	1,120
First generation^Footnote 73	6,465	1,690	1,195	50
Second generation^Footnote 74	4,705	3,470	765	125
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	58,950	38,365	19,580	945
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	4,095	700	530	15
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	2,335	335	330	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	900	90	135	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	1,430	250	195	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	785	265	115	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	955	105	80	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	20	0	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	70,115	43,535	21,535	1,120
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	5,185	1,160	890	90
South Asian^Footnote 85	330	130	15	0
Chinese	635	100	45	0
Black	1,830	550	725	40
Filipino	320	145	0	0
Latin American	195	10	0	0
Arab	900	35	60	25
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	345	95	15	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	50	0	0	0
Korean	365	15	0	0
Japanese	85	35	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	30	20	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	100	30	15	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	64,930	42,370	20,645	1,035
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	70,115	43,530	21,535	1,120
North American Aboriginal origins	3,520	2,225	1,135	105
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,700	1,735	845	75
Inuit	105	85	15	0
Métis	830	455	340	30
Other North American origins	38,000	21,960	15,225	760
Acadian	4,875	1,425	3,225	225
American	465	365	95	10
Canadian	34,690	20,755	13,270	610
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0
Newfoundlander	25	30	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	15	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	105	25	75	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	10	0
European origins	43,765	31,035	11,145	715
British Isles origins	30,585	27,020	2,980	490
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0
English	16,060	14,605	1,140	235
Irish	13,965	12,140	1,540	280
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	12,910	11,925	815	140
Welsh	830	820	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	1,060	980	55	25
French origins	20,070	9,405	10,070	565
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	20,065	9,405	10,065	565
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,615	4,940	390	60
Austrian	125	95	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	195	95	100	0
Dutch	1,360	1,220	50	20
Flemish	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	4,190	3,790	205	40
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	100	50	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	850	760	50	20
Danish	250	250	0	0
Finnish	50	40	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0
Norwegian	270	235	20	15
Swedish	210	190	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	80	60	25	0
Eastern European origins	1,180	770	105	25
Bulgarian	35	15	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	40	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	15	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	165	100	20	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	25	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	325	210	40	30
Romanian	225	100	10	0
Russian	155	85	15	0
Slovak	25	15	0	0
Ukrainian	320	275	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,755	1,075	340	10
Albanian	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	105	15	0
Italian	995	675	155	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0
Maltese	45	45	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	65	95	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	15	0	0
Spanish	345	155	70	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	30	25	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	250	175	50	10
Basque	10	0	10	0
Jewish	100	80	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	135	90	40	0
Caribbean origins	365	190	95	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	0	0
Dominican	40	25	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0
Haitian	125	0	90	10
Jamaican	70	60	0	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	50	50	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	40	30	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	155	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	20	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0
Colombian	50	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	50	0	0
Hispanic	50	40	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0
Mexican	60	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	40	15	10	0
African origins	2,005	435	760	60
Central and West African origins	915	135	490	25
Akan	25	10	20	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0
Burkinabe	35	0	30	0
Cameroonian	85	0	60	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	245	30	135	10
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0
Guinean	95	0	45	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	0	40	0
Liberian	35	0	0	0
Malian	85	0	70	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	30	10	10
Peulh	40	10	10	0
Senegalese	70	10	50	0
Sierra Leonean	20	10	0	0
Togolese	25	0	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	120	10	80	0
North African origins	405	40	120	25
Algerian	85	0	45	0
Berber	75	0	30	10
Coptic	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	10	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	140	15	55	10
Sudanese	10	10	0	0
Tunisian	120	0	20	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	15	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	300	80	35	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	25	0	10	0
Burundian	20	15	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	95	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	15	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	40	20	10	0
Other African origins	470	225	140	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	35	15	20	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	435	210	125	0
Asian origins	3,180	740	155	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,040	195	85	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	120	0	25	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	85	15	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	85	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	270	105	45	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	370	20	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0
Turk	50	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	20	0	0	10
South Asian origins	350	155	15	10
Bangladeshi	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	295	145	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,815	410	50	25
Burmese	30	20	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	700	125	45	15
Filipino	365	150	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0
Japanese	85	35	0	0
Karen	65	10	0	0
Korean	365	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	55	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	10	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	10	10	10	0
Oceania origins	25	25	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	15	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	59,325	36,120	19,170	865
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,010	6,160	3,180	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	17,270	11,825	4,550	255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,055	18,135	11,440	450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,010	2,475	1,370	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	2,300	1,405	800	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	1,715	1,070	570	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,150	8,865	4,570	245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,235	625	445	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,655	6,180	5,055	140
Bachelor's degree	8,790	4,505	3,395	90
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	465	340	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	155	125	0
Master's degree	2,230	970	995	35
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	400	80	195	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	59,325	36,120	19,170	870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	27,275	17,985	7,725	420
Education	2,385	1,285	950	30
13. Education	2,385	1,285	945	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	980	515	365	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	145	45	0
50. Visual and performing arts	780	370	315	25
Humanities	1,460	870	415	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	35	105	10
23. English language and literature/letters	300	215	40	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	225	85	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	70	40	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	120	15	10
54. History	210	145	65	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	60	70	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,225	1,815	1,085	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	370	180	150	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	645	370	205	20
22. Legal professions and studies	555	295	235	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	25	15	10	0
42. Psychology	740	470	240	15
45. Social sciences	860	485	240	0
Business, management and public administration	8,705	4,900	3,205	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	20	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	595	260	325	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,070	4,615	2,870	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	845	430	340	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	470	220	210	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	130	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	55	80	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	25	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,580	950	410	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,420	870	360	25
25. Library science	65	35	25	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	40	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,385	3,095	1,860	55
04. Architecture and related services	85	40	30	10
14. Engineering	770	285	275	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,390	885	455	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,160	730	380	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,290	770	455	20
48. Precision production	690	395	265	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	340	230	80	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	155	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	70	55	0
Health and related fields	4,735	2,640	1,850	65
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	135	160	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,335	2,450	1,660	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	55	30	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,415	1,415	885	50
12. Personal and culinary services	1,495	825	600	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	425	260	135	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	445	295	125	0
Other	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	59,330	36,125	19,170	870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,275	17,985	7,730	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	32,050	18,135	11,440	450
Location of study inside Canada	29,770	17,535	11,055	435
Same as province or territory of residence	22,365	12,130	9,395	330
Different than province or territory of residence	7,400	5,405	1,665	105
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	2,285	605	385	15
United States^Footnote 132	430	290	95	10
Philippines	125	25	0	0
India	90	15	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	150	120	15	10
China^Footnote 134	225	0	0	0
France	225	0	175	0
Other	1,045	150	95	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	59,330	36,125	19,170	865
In the labour force	38,945	23,710	12,565	620
Employed	35,830	21,835	11,575	575
Unemployed	3,110	1,875	995	45
Not in the labour force	20,385	12,415	6,605	250
Participation rate	65.6	65.6	65.5	71.7
Employment rate	60.4	60.4	60.4	66.5
Unemployment rate	8.0	7.9	7.9	7.3
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	59,330	36,120	19,170	870
Did not work^Footnote 137	18,825	11,510	6,000	230
Worked	40,505	24,615	13,170	640
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	22,045	13,680	7,225	320
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	18,465	10,935	5,945	310
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.0	42.7	42.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	41,715	25,420	13,445	650
a.Management	4,020	2,500	1,175	70
00 Senior management occupations	400	225	130	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,250	725	435	20
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,705	1,100	420	40
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	670	445	185	10
b.Professional	7,000	3,670	2,810	115
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,270	760	440	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,180	690	375	30
30 Professional occupations in nursing	840	420	390	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	585	330	230	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,605	730	735	40
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,055	560	405	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	465	180	235	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,030	2,400	1,430	45
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,220	770	385	20
32 Technical occupations in health	905	505	370	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	885	515	320	15
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	260	165	95	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	755	445	255	10
d.Administration and administrative support	5,325	3,205	1,905	90
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,060	1,170	795	40
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	405	235	160	10
14 Office support occupations	1,875	1,155	635	40
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	980	645	310	10
e.Sales	5,565	3,900	1,400	70
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,135	805	285	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,490	1,705	655	35
66 Sales support occupations	1,940	1,380	465	30
f.Personal and customer information services	9,610	5,965	2,790	180
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	845	510	275	15
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	890	595	235	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,530	865	470	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,620	2,205	1,130	75
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,730	1,785	680	60
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,075	1,200	760	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,215	660	480	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	860	545	275	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,540	1,695	675	40
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	855	580	220	15
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,260	805	340	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	435	310	115	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	515	345	145	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	130	65	50	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	85	55	20	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	310	225	75	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,035	555	345	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	120	65	45	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	315	130	120	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	215	135	55	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	380	220	125	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	41,715	25,425	13,440	650
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	270	170	80	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	160	110	45	0
113 Forestry and logging	20	10	10	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	45	20	20	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	40	25	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	405	250	130	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	280	180	80	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	45	30	15	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	80	35	35	0
22 Utilities	95	60	30	10
221 Utilities	95	65	30	10
23 Construction	2,120	1,265	740	30
236 Construction of buildings	465	275	165	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	320	185	125	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,330	800	455	20
31-33 Manufacturing	2,245	1,300	740	25
311 Food manufacturing	665	335	250	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	85	40	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	10	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	100	65	35	0
322 Paper manufacturing	225	165	40	0
323 Printing and related support activities	60	25	20	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	60	35	25	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	45	30	15	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	135	75	55	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	45	25	15	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	225	110	90	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	80	35	25	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	90	70	10	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	30	20	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	100	75	20	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	110	65	40	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	120	70	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,695	1,155	410	25
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	45	30	10	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	370	245	80	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	235	155	60	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	195	140	40	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	305	220	85	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	325	200	95	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	145	105	30	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	75	45	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,850	4,070	1,450	100
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	710	460	210	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	275	155	115	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	230	170	45	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	340	265	60	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,110	780	245	20
446 Health and personal care stores	615	420	170	20
447 Gasoline stations	230	170	50	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	645	410	185	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	350	220	115	10
452 General merchandise stores	890	695	160	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	370	265	85	0
454 Non-store retailers	95	60	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,385	1,600	595	30
481 Air transportation	85	45	35	0
482 Rail transportation	105	45	50	10
483 Water transportation	15	15	0	0
484 Truck transportation	770	570	150	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	215	115	60	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	285	215	45	0
491 Postal service	145	95	50	0
492 Couriers and messengers	490	310	140	10
493 Warehousing and storage	270	195	60	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,185	695	460	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	220	120	85	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	95	60	40	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	165	55	115	0
517 Telecommunications	590	395	175	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	25	25	0	0
519 Other information services	90	45	45	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,270	1,370	805	45
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	915	560	320	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	175	110	60	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,160	690	415	35
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	10	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	605	420	160	15
531 Real estate	470	335	130	0
532 Rental and leasing services	125	85	20	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,210	1,305	725	15
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,215	1,305	725	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	50	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	65	50	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,280	2,150	895	60
561 Administrative and support services	3,180	2,070	875	65
562 Waste management and remediation services	105	80	20	0
61 Educational services	2,810	1,320	1,285	50
611 Educational services	2,805	1,315	1,280	50
62 Health care and social assistance	5,415	3,005	2,165	70
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,170	640	465	20
622 Hospitals	2,160	1,085	1,005	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,050	685	300	0
624 Social assistance	1,030	595	390	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,145	745	270	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	250	135	85	0
712 Heritage institutions	65	35	30	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	835	570	160	15
72 Accommodation and food services	3,680	2,310	900	80
721 Accommodation services	600	375	165	0
722 Food services and drinking places	3,080	1,930	740	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,605	970	530	25
811 Repair and maintenance	350	240	110	0
812 Personal and laundry services	575	340	205	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	570	325	200	10
814 Private households	110	70	15	0
91 Public administration	2,385	1,210	1,065	45
911 Federal government public administration	1,335	640	630	30
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	425	220	190	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	610	360	235	15
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	10	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	35,830	21,830	11,575	570
Worked at home	1,985	1,255	560	25
Worked outside Canada	120	40	20	0
No fixed workplace address	2,920	1,890	835	30
Worked at usual place	30,810	18,650	10,155	520
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	41,715	25,420	13,440	650
English	32,625	24,365	6,480	285
French	6,015	510	5,115	125
Non-official language	175	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	175	0	0	0
English and French	2,780	540	1,845	245
English and non-official language	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	41,715	25,420	13,440	650
None	28,600	21,540	5,075	345
English	4,025	370	3,370	105
French	8,795	3,460	4,975	205
Non-official language	245	40	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	245	40	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0
French and non-official language	40	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	30,810	18,655	10,155	520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,565	14,340	7,665	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,320	3,010	1,960	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,475	1,010	405	25
Commute to a different province or territory	445	290	120	20
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	33,725	20,540	10,995	550
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,520	15,280	8,670	395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,015	2,020	765	65
Public transit	1,705	1,075	425	20
Walked	2,725	1,710	840	70
Bicycle	280	180	95	0
Other method	480	280	195	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	33,725	20,545	10,990	550
Less than 15 minutes	18,160	10,975	6,105	285
15 to 29 minutes	12,000	7,325	3,840	225
30 to 44 minutes	2,095	1,340	610	15
45 to 59 minutes	640	400	180	15
60 minutes and over	830	505	260	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	33,725	20,540	10,990	550
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,170	820	305	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,345	2,085	1,105	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,500	6,810	4,140	185
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,940	4,600	2,710	145
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,775	2,270	1,095	60
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,995	3,965	1,640	115
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	69,375	43,060	21,340	1,085
Non-movers	56,900	35,690	17,825	870
Movers	12,480	7,375	3,515	215
Non-migrants	7,885	5,050	2,140	140
Migrants	4,590	2,320	1,375	75
Internal migrants	3,600	2,205	1,185	75
Intraprovincial migrants	2,385	1,380	915	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	830	275	25
External migrants	995	115	185	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	66,540	41,160	20,665	995
Non-movers	36,665	23,585	11,680	425
Movers	29,875	17,575	8,985	570
Non-migrants	17,475	11,150	5,280	355
Migrants	12,400	6,430	3,705	215
Internal migrants	9,825	6,115	3,215	200
Intraprovincial migrants	6,250	3,595	2,455	115
Interprovincial migrants	3,570	2,525	760	80
External migrants	2,575	310	485	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Moncton, C

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.4%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.