Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Drummond

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	100,090	1,185	96,450	370
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
0 to 14 years	17,595	95	17,050	85
0 to 4 years	5,695	30	5,520	30
5 to 9 years	6,240	25	6,050	30
10 to 14 years	5,660	35	5,475	25
15 to 64 years	65,415	890	62,785	235
15 to 19 years	5,790	60	5,550	45
20 to 24 years	5,490	70	5,325	25
25 to 29 years	5,570	85	5,310	40
30 to 34 years	6,070	60	5,815	20
35 to 39 years	7,280	85	6,915	25
40 to 44 years	6,135	80	5,815	10
45 to 49 years	6,115	95	5,835	25
50 to 54 years	7,520	105	7,230	30
55 to 59 years	7,910	120	7,685	20
60 to 64 years	7,535	135	7,290	10
65 years and over	17,080	205	16,620	55
65 to 69 years	6,770	100	6,600	10
70 to 74 years	4,905	60	4,765	20
75 to 79 years	2,665	20	2,585	20
80 to 84 years	1,560	15	1,515	0
85 years and over	1,180	0	1,155	0
85 to 89 years	765	0	760	0
90 to 94 years	330	0	320	0
95 to 99 years	65	0	70	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0
Average age	41.0	45.4	41.0	35.0
Median age	41.6	48.3	41.7	29.6
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
Married or living common law	48,685	600	46,915	115
Married	25,750	375	24,455	70
Living common law	22,935	230	22,455	50
Not married and not living common law	33,810	495	32,485	170
Never married	22,935	300	22,080	125
Separated	960	15	925	0
Divorced	6,235	140	5,930	40
Widowed	3,680	35	3,560	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,390	1,080	77,450	255
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,157	32,504	38,437	36,430
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,401	23,932	30,743	27,411
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,415	1,080	77,470	250
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	27,730	32,347	30,862
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,643	23,129	27,817	25,495
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,170	860	67,850	200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,500	32,109	35,685	36,417
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,279	22,603	27,459	28,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,990	900	61,480	220
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,008	8,409	9,041	8,819
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,040	6,876	8,068	5,059
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,235	705	55,280	170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,639	32,794	34,783	37,235
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,264	23,296	29,449	29,585
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	81.2	78.7	81.3	80.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	64.6	65.9	64.6	68.1
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	18.8	21.6	18.7	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
Without total income	2,105	15	1,950	35
With total income	80,390	1,080	77,445	255
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.6	97.5	89.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,195	150	8,680	35
$10,000 to $19,999	16,470	285	15,740	45
$20,000 to $29,999	13,995	220	13,470	60
$30,000 to $39,999	11,930	130	11,570	30
$40,000 to $49,999	10,640	110	10,315	35
$50,000 to $59,999	6,710	70	6,505	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,915	45	3,780	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,865	20	2,815	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,560	30	1,505	0
$90,000 to $99,999	890	0	880	0
$100,000 and over	2,225	25	2,180	10
$100,000 to $149,999	1,525	10	1,505	0
$150,000 and over	700	15	680	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	82,495	1,095	79,400	290
Without after-tax income	2,080	15	1,935	35
With after-tax income	80,415	1,080	77,470	255
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	98.6	97.6	87.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,510	155	8,985	40
$10,000 to $19,999	17,375	320	16,600	45
$20,000 to $29,999	17,295	225	16,700	60
$30,000 to $39,999	15,285	165	14,835	40
$40,000 to $49,999	9,980	105	9,655	35
$50,000 to $59,999	5,240	60	5,070	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,710	35	2,655	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	15	1,165	0
$80,000 and over	1,825	10	1,795	0
$80,000 to $89,999	625	0	625	0
$90,000 to $99,999	360	0	355	0
$100,000 and over	840	10	820	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	82,495	1,095	79,400	290
Without employment income	25,265	385	24,120	115
With employment income	57,230	705	55,280	170
Percentage with employment income	69.4	64.4	69.6	58.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,190	75	6,940	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	4,490	65	4,300	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	9,160	165	8,815	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	8,360	120	8,000	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	8,435	85	8,175	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	6,990	70	6,765	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	4,270	50	4,125	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,830	20	2,740	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,205	20	2,170	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,305	40	3,240	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,080	20	1,045	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	655	0	655	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,570	20	1,540	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	25,970	305	25,115	65
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	40,853	35,788	40,933	47,896
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	47,119	39,042	47,349	58,124
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	100,090	1,185	96,450	370
English only	180	125	0	0
French only	71,910	45	70,675	25
English and French	27,700	1,020	25,760	345
Neither English nor French	300	0	10	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
English	850	640	145	35
French	97,170	475	95,880	205
Non-official language	1,165	0	35	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,170	0	35	10
English and French	390	70	180	130
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0
French and non-official language	470	0	205	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	15	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
None	95,395	635	93,290	270
English	3,075	210	2,755	65
French	915	325	125	25
Non-official language	590	10	265	15
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	10	260	20
English and French	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	0	20	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	100,095	1,190	96,450	370
English	1,260	1,145	0	35
French	98,140	40	96,445	210
English and French	390	0	0	130
Neither English nor French	295	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	1,455	1,145	10	95
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.5	96.2	0.0	25.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
Official languages	99,790	1,190	96,445	370
English	27,880	1,145	25,765	345
French	99,610	1,065	96,435	375
Non-official languages	4,510	70	2,370	35
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,490	65	2,355	30
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,145	20	1,120	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,080	20	1,055	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	525	15	510	0
Métis	525	0	510	10
Inuk (Inuit)	35	0	35	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	45	0	50	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	15	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,950	1,170	95,330	360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	100,095	1,190	96,450	370
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	280	10	265	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	99,810	1,175	96,180	370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	100,090	1,190	96,450	375
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	880	25	850	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	865	25	835	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	740	20	710	10
Métis single ancestry	115	0	115	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	15	0	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	2,850	40	2,750	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	2,805	45	2,700	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,630	40	2,545	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	0	140	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	45	0	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	0	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	96,360	1,120	92,855	305
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	100,095	1,185	96,450	370
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	98,760	1,120	96,020	365
Canadian citizens only	97,795	1,070	95,510	365
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	965	50	510	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	1,335	70	425	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	97,055	1,085	95,350	360
Immigrants^Footnote 44	2,905	85	1,010	10
Before 1981	475	35	255	10
1981 to 1990	280	25	85	0
1991 to 2000	435	15	190	0
2001 to 2010	1,030	0	305	0
2001 to 2005	480	0	200	0
2006 to 2010	545	10	105	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	690	20	170	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	130	20	85	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	2,910	90	1,010	10
Under 5 years	440	10	295	0
5 to 14 years	610	30	195	10
15 to 24 years	470	10	130	0
25 to 44 years	1,135	35	345	0
45 years and over	255	10	50	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	2,905	90	1,010	15
Americas	930	65	180	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	510	0	25	0
El Salvador	20	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	75	0	35	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	0	0
Peru	15	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	145	65	75	10
Other places of birth in Americas	140	0	30	0
Europe	885	0	540	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0
France	395	0	385	0
Germany	60	0	25	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	225	0	115	0
Africa	595	0	180	0
Algeria	45	0	10	0
Egypt	25	0	10	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	80	0	30	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	0	130	0
Asia	500	20	110	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	180	0	75	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	65	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	20	0	25	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	15	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	685	15	170	0
Americas	110	0	20	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	10	10	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	10	0
Europe	75	0	60	0
France	55	0	60	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	0	0
Africa	325	0	85	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	50	0	25	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	0	35	0
Asia	180	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	100,090	1,190	96,450	370
First generation^Footnote 73	3,140	120	1,170	10
Second generation^Footnote 74	3,075	175	2,620	40
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	93,880	890	92,660	325
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	2,460	50	760	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	750	10	375	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	370	0	175	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	385	10	205	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	645	40	275	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	1,055	10	105	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	100,090	1,190	96,450	375
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	2,380	35	810	20
South Asian^Footnote 85	20	0	20	0
Chinese	230	0	95	10
Black	700	10	390	10
Filipino	15	10	0	0
Latin American	700	0	65	0
Arab	420	10	120	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	170	10	65	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	20	0	10	0
Korean	35	0	35	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	35	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	97,705	1,155	95,640	350
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	100,095	1,185	96,450	370
North American Aboriginal origins	3,730	65	3,595	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,440	65	3,315	50
Inuit	40	0	35	10
Métis	315	0	295	15
Other North American origins	80,145	665	79,210	250
Acadian	390	15	370	10
American	540	40	480	25
Canadian	77,415	630	76,525	250
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,730	10	2,710	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,150	755	28,695	165
British Isles origins	6,445	555	5,750	130
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	1,410	280	1,100	25
Irish	4,420	230	4,120	70
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,310	170	1,090	45
Welsh	30	25	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	55	10	25	15
French origins	24,105	260	23,700	100
Alsatian	10	0	10	0
Breton	130	0	130	0
Corsican	20	0	15	0
French	23,975	260	23,575	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,050	105	1,735	25
Austrian	15	0	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	485	0	470	0
Dutch	125	25	75	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,145	70	960	30
Luxembourger	15	0	15	0
Swiss	395	10	300	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	35	115	10
Danish	25	10	20	0
Finnish	30	20	10	0
Icelandic	25	10	15	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0
Swedish	45	20	30	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	0	25	0
Eastern European origins	440	20	335	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	10	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	0	40	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	10	135	0
Romanian	60	0	30	0
Russian	55	0	35	0
Slovak	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	10	100	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,500	45	1,155	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	0	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	10	95	0
Italian	850	25	755	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	0	105	0
Serbian	45	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	10	0
Spanish	275	15	180	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	50	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	0	85	0
Basque	0	0	10	0
Jewish	50	10	35	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	45	0	45	0
Caribbean origins	330	0	240	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	0	20	0
Dominican	50	10	35	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	230	0	190	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	945	0	230	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	0	15	0
Colombian	650	0	95	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	50	0	50	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0
Maya	10	0	0	0
Mexican	85	0	45	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0
Salvadorean	35	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	0	0
African origins	860	10	475	0
Central and West African origins	215	0	90	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	20	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	90	0	55	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	30	0	10	0
North African origins	350	0	225	0
Algerian	110	0	80	0
Berber	40	0	35	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	0	45	0
Libyan	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	125	0	80	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	0	20	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	10	55	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	10	0
Burundian	100	0	35	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	0	105	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	165	0	95	0
Asian origins	925	45	400	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	400	15	170	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	110	10	30	0
Armenian	50	0	25	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	10	40	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	80	0	25	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0
Turk	50	0	45	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	0	20	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	0	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	495	30	215	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	0	35	10
Chinese	240	0	100	0
Filipino	20	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	0	30	0
Laotian	40	0	25	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	0	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	0	15	0
Australian	20	0	15	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	82,495	1,095	79,400	290
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,165	260	19,250	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	18,560	335	17,780	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,765	500	42,370	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,970	155	17,560	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	13,095	115	12,790	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	4,880	40	4,765	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,680	195	14,225	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	35	2,125	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,890	115	8,455	20
Bachelor's degree	6,500	65	6,260	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	10	645	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	0	290	0
Master's degree	1,245	30	1,140	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	160	0	130	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	38,725	595	37,030	170
Education	3,475	25	3,420	10
13. Education	3,475	30	3,415	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,210	20	1,160	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	0	240	0
50. Visual and performing arts	970	20	915	0
Humanities	1,885	15	1,810	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	10	145	10
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	35	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,115	10	1,105	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	0	60	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	0	140	0
54. History	100	0	100	0
55. French language and literature/letters	235	0	225	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,950	35	2,840	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	255	0	250	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,180	0	1,150	10
22. Legal professions and studies	420	10	415	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	135	0	135	10
42. Psychology	510	10	490	10
45. Social sciences	420	20	380	0
Business, management and public administration	9,250	80	8,975	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	10	345	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,860	70	8,610	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	15	715	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	0	200	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	0	130	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	130	0	130	0
40. Physical sciences	220	10	210	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	45	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,040	20	965	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	905	15	845	0
25. Library science	85	0	75	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	0	35	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,110	105	11,765	30
04. Architecture and related services	160	0	150	0
14. Engineering	910	0	830	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,275	20	2,200	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,925	25	2,870	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,800	35	2,745	0
48. Precision production	3,040	15	2,975	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,505	45	1,415	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,270	30	1,195	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	10	215	0
Health and related fields	5,460	95	5,280	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	10	280	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,115	85	4,950	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	0	55	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,115	45	4,005	0
12. Personal and culinary services	2,495	25	2,425	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	15	0
43. Security and protective services	580	10	555	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,025	15	1,005	0
Other	20	0	20	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	82,495	1,095	79,400	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,725	595	37,030	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	43,770	500	42,365	115
Location of study inside Canada	43,005	475	42,025	115
Same as province or territory of residence	42,555	410	41,675	105
Different than province or territory of residence	450	70	345	15
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	760	20	345	0
United States^Footnote 132	100	25	70	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 134	50	0	0	0
France	220	0	205	0
Other	385	0	65	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	82,495	1,095	79,400	285
In the labour force	52,925	630	51,090	150
Employed	49,320	590	47,710	135
Unemployed	3,600	40	3,380	15
Not in the labour force	29,570	465	28,310	140
Participation rate	64.2	57.5	64.3	52.6
Employment rate	59.8	53.9	60.1	47.4
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.3	6.6	10.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	82,495	1,095	79,400	290
Did not work^Footnote 137	27,730	425	26,480	120
Worked	54,760	675	52,920	165
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	26,350	310	25,480	65
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	28,410	360	27,445	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	41.8	43.1	38.9
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	56,125	700	54,190	170
a.Management	5,070	95	4,880	0
00 Senior management occupations	770	0	765	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,035	25	1,000	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,765	25	1,690	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,505	45	1,425	0
b.Professional	6,420	65	6,250	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,115	10	1,090	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	990	10	955	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	775	15	760	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	620	10	605	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,860	20	1,800	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	755	0	740	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	300	0	295	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,020	45	5,865	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,580	10	1,525	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,135	20	1,090	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,000	10	1,975	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	310	0	295	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	990	0	980	0
d.Administration and administrative support	6,150	110	5,920	10
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,770	25	2,695	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	490	0	485	0
14 Office support occupations	1,540	25	1,475	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,350	55	1,270	0
e.Sales	5,450	45	5,320	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	720	10	705	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,290	15	2,235	15
66 Sales support occupations	2,445	25	2,380	10
f.Personal and customer information services	9,720	130	9,250	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	965	0	925	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	845	20	805	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,950	25	1,870	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,530	35	2,430	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,430	50	3,220	25
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	5,880	85	5,720	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,620	45	3,530	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,260	45	2,190	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,590	40	4,480	20
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,210	10	1,185	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,690	35	2,610	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	690	0	685	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,470	35	1,390	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	10	120	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,035	15	980	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	305	10	285	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,350	45	5,115	20
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	575	10	555	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,795	20	1,690	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,100	0	1,060	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,885	20	1,805	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	56,130	700	54,190	170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,340	75	2,180	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	2,225	65	2,065	10
113 Forestry and logging	45	0	45	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	70	10	65	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	0	135	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	105	0	100	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	30	0	30	0
22 Utilities	210	0	200	0
221 Utilities	210	0	205	0
23 Construction	3,795	45	3,720	10
236 Construction of buildings	1,215	0	1,195	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	395	10	385	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,180	30	2,135	0
31-33 Manufacturing	11,465	150	11,065	25
311 Food manufacturing	1,500	15	1,445	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	55	0	50	0
313 Textile mills	140	0	135	0
314 Textile product mills	110	0	110	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	130	0	125	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	530	0	525	0
322 Paper manufacturing	915	20	875	10
323 Printing and related support activities	625	15	605	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	195	0	195	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	280	0	275	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	730	10	675	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	355	10	345	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	240	0	240	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,700	30	1,635	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,305	25	1,265	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	70	0	60	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	395	0	390	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,295	15	1,245	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	415	0	410	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	485	0	460	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,690	50	2,565	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	45	0	45	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	25	0	25	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	410	0	390	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	320	20	290	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	510	10	500	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	345	0	330	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	525	15	495	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	470	0	445	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	45	0	45	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,150	90	6,950	20
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	960	10	955	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	255	0	250	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	215	0	200	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	695	10	685	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,745	25	1,680	0
446 Health and personal care stores	790	0	770	0
447 Gasoline stations	220	0	220	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	610	15	590	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	230	0	230	0
452 General merchandise stores	850	10	815	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	415	0	410	0
454 Non-store retailers	160	0	145	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,700	35	2,600	15
481 Air transportation	10	0	10	0
482 Rail transportation	35	0	20	0
483 Water transportation	10	0	10	0
484 Truck transportation	1,680	20	1,605	15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	370	0	365	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	225	10	220	0
491 Postal service	145	0	145	0
492 Couriers and messengers	210	10	195	0
493 Warehousing and storage	25	0	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	0	435	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	125	0	125	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	50	0	55	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	30	0	30	0
517 Telecommunications	150	0	145	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	0	25	0
519 Other information services	50	0	50	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,350	10	1,330	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	575	0	565	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	95	0	90	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	680	0	675	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	480	0	460	0
531 Real estate	390	0	370	10
532 Rental and leasing services	90	0	90	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,260	0	2,170	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,265	10	2,170	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,685	40	1,570	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,530	35	1,420	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	155	10	150	0
61 Educational services	3,530	50	3,415	15
611 Educational services	3,525	50	3,415	15
62 Health care and social assistance	6,250	55	6,075	20
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,425	10	1,405	0
622 Hospitals	1,910	20	1,850	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,145	20	1,090	0
624 Social assistance	1,760	10	1,730	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	950	15	925	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	205	0	200	0
712 Heritage institutions	160	0	160	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	580	10	570	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,085	60	3,910	10
721 Accommodation services	520	15	475	0
722 Food services and drinking places	3,570	45	3,435	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,615	10	2,545	10
811 Repair and maintenance	1,230	0	1,205	0
812 Personal and laundry services	715	0	695	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	565	0	550	10
814 Private households	105	0	95	0
91 Public administration	1,985	15	1,930	15
911 Federal government public administration	585	0	570	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	515	10	500	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	885	10	860	15
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	49,325	590	47,710	135
Worked at home	3,225	80	3,045	20
Worked outside Canada	50	0	50	0
No fixed workplace address	3,755	50	3,650	0
Worked at usual place	42,290	455	40,970	110
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	56,125	695	54,190	170
English	875	190	615	20
French	54,160	460	52,695	105
Non-official language	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	0	10	0
English and French	950	45	825	40
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	50	10	15	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	25	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	56,125	700	54,190	170
None	48,245	420	46,930	135
English	7,025	165	6,710	15
French	640	110	430	20
Non-official language	155	10	70	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	0	70	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	0	40	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,290	455	40,970	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,455	270	25,585	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,570	85	9,355	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,240	105	6,000	25
Commute to a different province or territory	35	0	30	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	46,045	515	44,610	115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,300	440	40,060	110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,570	15	1,495	0
Public transit	390	0	360	0
Walked	1,975	30	1,915	10
Bicycle	430	0	420	0
Other method	385	15	360	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	46,045	510	44,615	115
Less than 15 minutes	22,435	260	21,765	70
15 to 29 minutes	15,635	165	15,125	35
30 to 44 minutes	4,045	55	3,925	10
45 to 59 minutes	1,960	20	1,890	0
60 minutes and over	1,975	10	1,910	15
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	46,045	515	44,610	120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,560	30	2,480	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,995	130	8,690	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,840	150	15,420	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,795	85	7,600	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,405	20	3,275	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,450	100	7,145	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	99,020	1,180	95,425	355
Non-movers	86,050	940	83,235	295
Movers	12,970	240	12,190	60
Non-migrants	8,095	100	7,780	40
Migrants	4,870	145	4,410	20
Internal migrants	4,600	130	4,340	15
Intraprovincial migrants	4,535	115	4,290	15
Interprovincial migrants	65	15	50	0
External migrants	270	15	70	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	94,395	1,160	90,930	345
Non-movers	59,700	655	57,985	195
Movers	34,700	500	32,945	150
Non-migrants	20,980	260	20,185	120
Migrants	13,715	240	12,760	25
Internal migrants	13,090	225	12,585	25
Intraprovincial migrants	12,845	190	12,380	25
Interprovincial migrants	245	35	200	0
External migrants	630	10	175	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Drummond

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.