Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury, CV

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
0 to 14 years	25,020	18,890	5,000	685
0 to 4 years	8,145	6,205	1,520	265
5 to 9 years	8,600	6,580	1,650	220
10 to 14 years	8,280	6,100	1,830	200
15 to 64 years	106,015	72,240	26,630	1,760
15 to 19 years	9,150	6,865	1,810	255
20 to 24 years	10,340	7,615	2,185	185
25 to 29 years	9,895	7,115	2,095	195
30 to 34 years	9,740	7,050	1,955	235
35 to 39 years	9,750	6,830	2,300	165
40 to 44 years	9,975	6,745	2,505	205
45 to 49 years	10,525	7,140	2,710	125
50 to 54 years	13,190	8,490	3,790	140
55 to 59 years	12,635	7,890	3,860	130
60 to 64 years	10,820	6,490	3,415	120
65 years and over	27,625	14,460	9,035	345
65 to 69 years	9,410	5,520	2,975	95
70 to 74 years	6,765	3,680	2,200	90
75 to 79 years	5,035	2,515	1,695	85
80 to 84 years	3,625	1,555	1,260	40
85 years and over	2,785	1,195	895	30
85 to 89 years	1,965	825	705	20
90 to 94 years	640	290	155	10
95 to 99 years	160	70	35	0
100 years and over	15	0	0	0
Average age	41.7	38.9	46.1	34.3
Median age	42.8	38.8	49.6	31.5
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	133,645	86,705	35,665	2,110
Married or living common law	77,885	48,975	22,055	1,085
Married	61,310	37,425	17,780	805
Living common law	16,575	11,545	4,275	285
Not married and not living common law	55,755	37,735	13,610	1,020
Never married	35,045	25,695	7,250	665
Separated	4,580	2,965	1,315	90
Divorced	7,725	5,015	2,105	155
Widowed	8,410	4,055	2,940	105
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	133,640	86,705	35,665	2,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,720	83,045	34,720	2,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,445	49,069	47,083	40,306
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,912	37,960	38,929	32,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,820	83,105	34,750	2,000
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,070	40,334	39,502	34,377
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,137	34,092	35,040	30,141
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,625	74,510	31,235	1,755
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,162	48,522	44,717	39,129
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,476	36,449	35,817	29,298
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,185	59,160	25,415	1,445
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,402	7,767	9,373	8,227
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,933	5,574	8,459	5,324
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,405	63,895	24,700	1,525
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,098	46,479	45,521	39,208
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,848	35,647	38,249	29,999
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.4	88.7	85.4	85.2
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	70.5	72.9	68.8	74.2
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.6	11.3	14.6	14.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	133,645	86,705	35,665	2,110
Without total income	4,920	3,660	945	105
With total income	128,725	83,045	34,720	2,000
Percentage with total income	96.3	95.8	97.4	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,725	10,740	3,650	280
$10,000 to $19,999	20,580	13,290	5,430	390
$20,000 to $29,999	16,425	10,165	4,600	275
$30,000 to $39,999	14,820	9,240	4,150	235
$40,000 to $49,999	13,805	8,600	4,040	265
$50,000 to $59,999	11,160	7,160	3,225	135
$60,000 to $69,999	8,410	5,500	2,335	100
$70,000 to $79,999	5,930	3,920	1,520	80
$80,000 to $89,999	5,090	3,380	1,375	50
$90,000 to $99,999	4,270	2,780	1,240	25
$100,000 and over	12,515	8,265	3,155	155
$100,000 to $149,999	9,370	6,120	2,555	140
$150,000 and over	3,140	2,145	600	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	133,640	86,705	35,665	2,110
Without after-tax income	4,825	3,600	915	105
With after-tax income	128,820	83,110	34,755	2,000
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	95.9	97.4	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,490	11,220	3,850	290
$10,000 to $19,999	21,285	13,765	5,625	405
$20,000 to $29,999	19,080	11,905	5,315	305
$30,000 to $39,999	18,555	11,580	5,265	325
$40,000 to $49,999	15,710	9,940	4,580	250
$50,000 to $59,999	11,295	7,240	3,230	135
$60,000 to $69,999	7,855	5,310	1,975	100
$70,000 to $79,999	6,700	4,355	1,880	55
$80,000 and over	11,850	7,785	3,035	140
$80,000 to $89,999	4,315	2,810	1,210	75
$90,000 to $99,999	2,730	1,750	800	25
$100,000 and over	4,810	3,230	1,020	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	133,640	86,710	35,665	2,110
Without employment income	38,240	22,805	10,965	580
With employment income	95,405	63,900	24,700	1,525
Percentage with employment income	71.4	73.7	69.3	72.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,300	9,740	4,095	270
$5,000 to $9,999	7,125	4,975	1,660	155
$10,000 to $19,999	11,150	7,510	2,775	195
$20,000 to $29,999	8,925	6,180	2,110	140
$30,000 to $39,999	8,815	6,065	2,185	125
$40,000 to $49,999	8,490	5,535	2,445	185
$50,000 to $59,999	7,310	4,995	1,900	105
$60,000 to $69,999	5,740	3,815	1,585	80
$70,000 to $79,999	4,405	2,975	1,145	60
$80,000 and over	18,145	12,105	4,815	205
$80,000 to $89,999	4,240	2,895	1,120	40
$90,000 to $99,999	3,715	2,415	1,075	30
$100,000 and over	10,190	6,795	2,615	135
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	133,640	86,705	35,665	2,110
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	44,395	30,285	11,385	620
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	58,529	58,085	59,657	50,877
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	67,538	67,563	66,721	61,736
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	158,665	105,595	40,665	2,795
English only	95,435	85,945	890	335
French only	1,295	15	1,255	10
English and French	61,545	19,620	38,515	2,450
Neither English nor French	390	15	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,795
English	131,155	104,405	19,045	2,050
French	20,415	360	19,755	190
Non-official language	3,025	165	25	10
Aboriginal	45	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,980	140	25	10
English and French	2,580	260	1,780	520
English and non-official language	1,370	390	15	10
French and non-official language	65	10	40	0
English, French and non-official language	60	10	10	20
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
None	124,840	98,425	19,135	1,740
English	12,590	285	11,010	110
French	17,090	5,820	10,290	895
Non-official language	3,855	1,015	140	40
Aboriginal	370	240	40	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,490	780	105	35
English and French	30	0	0	10
English and non-official language	95	0	50	0
French and non-official language	155	40	35	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,795
English	117,415	105,585	890	2,070
French	40,105	15	39,775	190
English and French	770	0	0	530
Neither English nor French	370	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	40,495	10	39,780	455
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	25.5	0.0	97.8	16.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
Official languages	158,275	105,580	40,660	2,790
English	156,975	105,570	39,405	2,785
French	62,845	19,635	39,775	2,460
Non-official languages	13,590	3,445	995	140
Aboriginal languages	685	460	55	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,905	2,990	935	125
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	158,665	105,595	40,665	2,795
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	14,955	9,905	4,515	350
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	14,490	9,610	4,345	345
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	6,855	5,815	705	165
Métis	7,570	3,745	3,625	180
Inuk (Inuit)	70	50	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	210	120	85	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	260	170	85	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	143,705	95,695	36,150	2,440
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	5,510	4,550	680	110
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	153,155	101,050	39,990	2,685
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	158,665	105,595	40,665	2,795
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	3,465	2,490	810	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	3,425	2,475	790	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	2,385	2,035	205	20
Métis single ancestry	1,015	425	565	15
Inuit single ancestry	30	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	35	10	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	10	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	16,320	10,310	5,490	455
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	15,985	10,160	5,320	445
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,235	6,250	1,705	235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,625	3,800	3,600	210
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	110	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	340	150	175	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	330	145	170	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	138,885	92,790	34,360	2,305
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,795
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	156,030	104,670	40,500	2,785
Canadian citizens only	154,270	103,845	40,380	2,780
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,760	820	120	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	2,635	925	165	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,790
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	148,665	102,480	40,245	2,790
Immigrants^Footnote 44	9,290	2,950	385	10
Before 1981	5,335	1,705	115	0
1981 to 1990	720	235	30	0
1991 to 2000	830	275	50	0
2001 to 2010	1,400	445	100	0
2001 to 2005	635	230	45	0
2006 to 2010	770	210	55	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	1,005	290	85	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	710	165	40	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	9,290	2,950	385	10
Under 5 years	1,260	695	85	0
5 to 14 years	1,800	665	55	0
15 to 24 years	2,665	625	85	0
25 to 44 years	3,170	860	130	0
45 years and over	400	105	20	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	9,290	2,945	380	0
Americas	1,160	860	45	0
Brazil	15	0	0	0
Colombia	45	15	0	0
El Salvador	25	10	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0
Haiti	25	0	20	0
Jamaica	180	175	0	0
Mexico	40	0	0	0
Peru	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	25	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	615	555	30	0
Other places of birth in Americas	160	65	0	0
Europe	5,430	1,550	145	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	0	0	0
Croatia	165	15	0	0
France	110	0	95	0
Germany	545	135	10	0
Greece	145	10	0	0
Hungary	50	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	90	85	0	0
Italy	1,485	65	0	0
Netherlands	125	45	0	0
Poland	215	25	0	0
Portugal	135	15	0	0
Romania	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	20	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	1,100	1,065	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,050	55	25	0
Africa	585	120	165	0
Algeria	55	0	0	0
Egypt	40	10	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	405	85	155	0
Asia	2,075	380	25	0
Afghanistan	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0	0
China^Footnote 53	360	25	15	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	60	10	0	0
India	520	165	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	55	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	50	10	0	0
Lebanon	85	0	15	0
Pakistan	145	30	0	0
Philippines	245	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	65	15	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	25	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	190	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	25	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	45	45	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	1,000	290	80	10
Americas	110	90	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	75	70	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0
Europe	120	35	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	35	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	10	0	0
Africa	175	40	80	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	20	0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	0	25	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	25	0	0
Asia	575	110	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	170	50	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	10	0	0
Philippines	85	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	70	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	20	15	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	10	10	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,795
First generation^Footnote 73	10,380	3,415	470	10
Second generation^Footnote 74	17,080	13,160	1,040	235
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	131,205	89,015	39,155	2,550
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	4,035	1,275	265	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	2,060	615	85	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	870	230	50	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	1,185	385	40	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	1,465	595	75	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	465	55	95	10
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	50	10	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	158,665	105,595	40,670	2,795
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	5,990	2,575	455	75
South Asian^Footnote 85	1,465	670	0	0
Chinese	980	235	20	0
Black	1,455	875	330	25
Filipino	360	130	10	0
Latin American	270	70	20	0
Arab	610	145	45	30
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	325	140	0	15
West Asian^Footnote 87	115	20	0	0
Korean	90	25	0	0
Japanese	90	75	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	60	60	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	170	125	25	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	152,675	103,025	40,210	2,720
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	158,665	105,595	40,665	2,790
North American Aboriginal origins	19,780	12,800	6,305	490
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,990	8,455	2,100	260
Inuit	170	135	35	0
Métis	8,995	4,380	4,365	240
Other North American origins	73,655	44,530	27,140	1,695
Acadian	355	150	200	15
American	1,230	1,065	145	15
Canadian	72,315	43,540	26,805	1,685
New Brunswicker	15	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	190	165	25	0
Nova Scotian	50	45	0	10
Ontarian	85	40	40	0
Québécois	235	50	190	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	10	0	0
European origins	116,900	82,070	26,320	1,955
British Isles origins	63,830	56,970	5,695	1,015
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0
English	31,795	28,470	2,645	610
Irish	30,350	27,340	2,570	405
Manx	20	10	10	0
Scottish	24,995	23,370	1,295	290
Welsh	2,050	1,950	70	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	2,635	2,460	105	45
French origins	59,885	33,300	24,790	1,650
Alsatian	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	59,885	33,300	24,790	1,650
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,145	14,995	1,265	175
Austrian	650	540	35	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0
Belgian	480	315	140	10
Dutch	3,670	3,310	185	50
Flemish	30	25	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0
German	12,905	11,350	920	130
Luxembourger	15	10	0	0
Swiss	345	290	30	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,010	8,195	335	130
Danish	680	605	40	0
Finnish	7,365	5,755	195	100
Icelandic	190	185	0	0
Norwegian	835	785	45	10
Swedish	1,545	1,375	50	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	55	45	10	0
Eastern European origins	13,805	11,705	690	185
Bulgarian	45	25	10	0
Byelorussian	65	45	0	0
Czech	355	260	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	225	155	55	0
Estonian	210	165	0	0
Hungarian	800	680	15	0
Latvian	145	120	0	0
Lithuanian	285	235	15	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,815	3,960	325	90
Romanian	280	235	0	0
Russian	835	670	45	0
Slovak	310	250	10	0
Ukrainian	7,390	6,575	270	115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins	16,550	12,005	970	220
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	915	665	10	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0
Greek	720	490	15	10
Italian	13,415	10,050	670	160
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	50	0	0
Maltese	70	55	10	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0
Portuguese	515	260	70	10
Serbian	195	110	10	0
Sicilian	15	0	15	0
Slovenian	210	130	10	0
Spanish	725	390	180	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	255	225	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	15	15	0	0
Other European origins	355	290	35	10
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	135	110	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	205	165	25	10
Caribbean origins	890	770	70	30
Antiguan	25	20	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	45	0	0
Bermudan	30	25	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	20	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	0	35	10
Jamaican	530	495	15	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	25	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	80	75	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	15	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	50	50	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	645	300	95	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	20	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	20	0	0
Chilean	50	15	10	0
Colombian	80	45	10	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	10	0	15
Guatemalan	25	0	10	0
Guyanese	40	40	0	0
Hispanic	25	20	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	195	70	60	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	30	0	0
Salvadorean	35	15	0	0
Uruguayan	20	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,425	630	390	40
Central and West African origins	310	95	145	10
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	50	10	25	10
Chadian	10	10	0	0
Congolese	120	25	65	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	0	20	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	35	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	15	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	0	10	0
North African origins	335	60	85	30
Algerian	90	0	20	10
Berber	20	10	10	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	80	25	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	0	15	0
Sudanese	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	65	10	30	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	35	25	0	0
Southern and East African origins	275	115	45	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	0	20	0
Djiboutian	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	35	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0
Somali	40	25	0	0
South African	65	55	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	70	15	10	0
Other African origins	535	370	115	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	65	40	15	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	485	330	115	0
Asian origins	4,735	2,025	195	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,165	545	80	40
Afghan	40	25	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	245	105	20	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	30	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	40	30	10	0
Jordanian	25	0	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	395	250	35	20
Palestinian	55	15	0	10
Pashtun	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	45	10	0	0
Syrian	35	15	0	0
Tajik	15	10	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	70	45	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	70	0	0	10
South Asian origins	1,580	745	50	10
Bangladeshi	15	10	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,170	595	55	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	195	70	0	0
Punjabi	40	10	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	10
Sri Lankan	95	45	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	65	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,015	745	60	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,205	380	45	0
Filipino	360	150	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	15	0	0
Japanese	95	85	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	25	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	300	110	20	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	130	110	25	0
Australian	110	90	20	0
New Zealander	20	15	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	133,645	86,710	35,665	2,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	26,560	15,930	8,085	505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	34,955	23,590	8,975	590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	72,130	47,185	18,605	1,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,060	6,815	3,290	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	5,460	3,245	1,720	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	5,600	3,570	1,575	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	36,755	24,380	10,055	595
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,585	990	425	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,725	14,995	4,840	190
Bachelor's degree	16,070	10,770	3,605	150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,715	1,115	375	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	720	400	115	0
Master's degree	3,510	2,365	600	25
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	705	345	145	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	133,645	86,705	35,665	2,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	61,510	39,520	17,060	1,095
Education	4,240	2,255	1,645	45
13. Education	4,240	2,255	1,645	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,350	970	275	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	340	255	70	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,010	715	210	15
Humanities	2,805	1,865	590	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	270	90	90	10
23. English language and literature/letters	630	510	65	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	470	115	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	25	25	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	260	170	80	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	140	15	0
54. History	575	440	85	0
55. French language and literature/letters	195	30	135	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,055	5,620	1,735	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	100	15	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	840	610	185	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,885	1,215	525	50
22. Legal professions and studies	1,520	1,080	315	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	200	145	45	0
42. Psychology	1,290	940	260	15
45. Social sciences	2,195	1,540	400	10
Business, management and public administration	12,395	8,005	3,330	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	0	20	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,090	1,365	575	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,280	6,630	2,735	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,805	1,885	550	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,105	725	230	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	290	175	85	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	25	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	1,190	850	170	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	200	125	55	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,755	1,150	445	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,325	875	330	10
25. Library science	145	95	40	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	255	165	70	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	30	20	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,200	12,500	4,955	285
04. Architecture and related services	250	170	45	0
14. Engineering	1,895	1,160	240	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	5,740	3,775	1,480	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,315	2,245	830	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,550	3,655	1,615	75
48. Precision production	2,450	1,490	750	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,050	775	195	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	345	210	80	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	705	565	115	0
Health and related fields	13,180	8,730	3,415	205
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	925	675	215	10
51. Health professions and related programs	11,960	7,880	3,155	205
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	295	175	45	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,290	3,440	1,470	95
12. Personal and culinary services	2,535	1,505	800	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,600	1,150	375	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,115	770	285	20
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	133,645	86,710	35,665	2,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,510	39,520	17,065	1,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	72,130	47,185	18,605	1,010
Location of study inside Canada	69,035	45,865	18,390	1,000
Same as province or territory of residence	66,170	44,060	17,540	975
Different than province or territory of residence	2,870	1,800	850	30
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	3,090	1,325	215	10
United States^Footnote 132	775	585	95	0
Philippines	150	20	0	0
India	320	100	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	415	350	25	0
China^Footnote 134	65	0	0	0
France	40	0	25	0
Other	1,325	270	70	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	133,645	86,705	35,665	2,110
In the labour force	83,685	56,945	20,965	1,340
Employed	76,710	51,780	19,590	1,245
Unemployed	6,975	5,170	1,375	100
Not in the labour force	49,960	29,760	14,700	770
Participation rate	62.6	65.7	58.8	63.5
Employment rate	57.4	59.7	54.9	59.0
Unemployment rate	8.3	9.1	6.6	7.5
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	133,645	86,705	35,665	2,110
Did not work^Footnote 137	46,625	27,750	13,600	730
Worked	87,015	58,955	22,065	1,375
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	45,300	30,830	11,570	630
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	41,715	28,125	10,495	750
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	42.8	43.4	41.1
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	89,435	60,650	22,620	1,430
a.Management	7,770	5,370	1,795	60
00 Senior management occupations	700	420	200	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,355	1,640	580	15
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,090	2,230	590	25
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,625	1,075	425	0
b.Professional	14,230	9,360	3,475	175
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,880	1,335	375	35
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,265	1,645	320	20
30 Professional occupations in nursing	2,070	1,460	500	30
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,285	760	245	15
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,995	2,255	1,360	55
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,075	1,430	500	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	670	465	170	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	8,790	5,810	2,420	150
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,700	1,795	700	45
32 Technical occupations in health	2,090	1,335	615	35
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,225	1,395	710	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	570	450	85	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,205	835	305	15
d.Administration and administrative support	12,165	8,250	3,185	160
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	5,015	3,465	1,285	40
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	900	590	215	20
14 Office support occupations	4,385	2,935	1,165	65
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,865	1,265	515	40
e.Sales	8,905	6,425	1,885	160
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,610	1,155	335	35
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,875	2,825	820	55
66 Sales support occupations	3,410	2,450	730	75
f.Personal and customer information services	16,765	11,220	4,245	360
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	2,115	1,390	575	60
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,720	1,125	475	40
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,775	1,690	795	45
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,985	2,705	970	105
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	6,165	4,310	1,430	115
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	8,445	5,615	2,360	155
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,430	2,820	1,310	90
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	4,010	2,795	1,050	65
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	6,220	4,420	1,555	75
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	870	635	185	15
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,900	2,660	1,085	45
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,450	1,125	285	15
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,460	2,940	1,340	105
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,075	1,915	1,035	65
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	505	350	135	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	880	675	175	25
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,690	1,230	355	30
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	595	465	105	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	475	340	115	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	210	175	20	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	405	255	110	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	89,435	60,645	22,615	1,430
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	565	350	180	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	385	210	140	0
113 Forestry and logging	60	25	30	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	15	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	105	100	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	7,150	4,795	2,000	125
211 Oil and gas extraction	25	15	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	5,645	3,880	1,480	70
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	1,485	905	505	60
22 Utilities	525	375	115	0
221 Utilities	520	380	115	0
23 Construction	6,710	4,565	1,720	85
236 Construction of buildings	1,705	1,190	435	20
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,115	840	230	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,890	2,535	1,055	60
31-33 Manufacturing	3,920	2,625	950	115
311 Food manufacturing	275	170	60	20
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	75	50	10	15
313 Textile mills	10	10	0	0
314 Textile product mills	30	20	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	20	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	10	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	115	100	15	0
322 Paper manufacturing	115	95	15	0
323 Printing and related support activities	115	65	35	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	110	90	20	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	175	115	50	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	280	160	95	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	795	540	185	20
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	585	415	145	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	635	405	185	25
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	75	65	15	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	60	35	25	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	175	110	30	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	80	55	15	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	180	120	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,760	1,960	620	40
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	35	10	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	260	175	65	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	205	155	25	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	195	145	35	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	525	355	120	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,210	855	295	20
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	230	170	45	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	90	75	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	11,175	7,940	2,525	170
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,560	1,115	385	15
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	425	310	95	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	325	215	105	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	850	650	160	10
445 Food and beverage stores	2,385	1,640	545	45
446 Health and personal care stores	1,165	790	260	45
447 Gasoline stations	355	210	90	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	920	700	170	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	410	310	95	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,785	1,290	385	35
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	740	510	180	15
454 Non-store retailers	260	195	55	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,550	2,510	905	35
481 Air transportation	60	40	10	0
482 Rail transportation	475	365	90	10
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,090	745	305	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	720	505	180	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	15	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	415	295	110	0
491 Postal service	370	235	120	10
492 Couriers and messengers	315	250	60	0
493 Warehousing and storage	90	60	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,295	895	305	25
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	200	125	55	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	280	220	55	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	175	100	60	10
517 Telecommunications	435	335	75	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	10	10	0
519 Other information services	190	110	55	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,405	1,625	575	35
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,025	630	320	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	365	265	65	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,010	735	185	30
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,495	1,030	350	15
531 Real estate	1,170	805	260	15
532 Rental and leasing services	325	230	90	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,160	2,935	870	50
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,165	2,940	870	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	80	65	10	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	75	70	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,020	2,875	910	75
561 Administrative and support services	3,780	2,685	860	70
562 Waste management and remediation services	240	185	45	10
61 Educational services	7,580	4,115	2,855	115
611 Educational services	7,580	4,120	2,855	110
62 Health care and social assistance	12,895	8,530	3,445	220
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,750	2,435	1,000	75
622 Hospitals	3,685	2,540	930	45
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,975	2,015	720	60
624 Social assistance	2,475	1,545	795	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,630	1,170	355	45
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	315	245	55	10
712 Heritage institutions	310	165	130	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,010	760	170	30
72 Accommodation and food services	6,750	4,850	1,330	100
721 Accommodation services	630	485	105	10
722 Food services and drinking places	6,125	4,370	1,230	90
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,785	2,485	980	80
811 Repair and maintenance	1,410	955	335	30
812 Personal and laundry services	1,180	700	370	30
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,030	720	235	20
814 Private households	160	105	40	0
91 Public administration	6,975	4,940	1,615	100
911 Federal government public administration	2,895	2,005	660	45
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,455	990	385	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,600	1,915	570	45
914 Aboriginal public administration	30	25	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	76,710	51,780	19,590	1,240
Worked at home	3,170	2,100	755	40
Worked outside Canada	110	85	15	0
No fixed workplace address	8,275	5,525	2,200	180
Worked at usual place	65,150	44,065	16,620	1,025
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	89,435	60,650	22,620	1,430
English	82,270	59,670	17,225	985
French	4,115	440	3,515	90
Non-official language	155	15	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	150	10	0	0
English and French	2,775	495	1,870	350
English and non-official language	100	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	89,435	60,650	22,620	1,430
None	70,760	55,765	9,895	930
English	2,455	325	2,010	45
French	15,710	4,415	10,680	445
Non-official language	450	115	25	10
Aboriginal	50	30	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	400	90	15	0
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0
French and non-official language	45	20	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	65,145	44,065	16,620	1,025
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	63,080	42,595	16,145	985
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	15	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,840	1,310	405	40
Commute to a different province or territory	220	140	60	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	73,430	49,590	18,815	1,205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	60,670	40,655	16,095	975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,545	3,145	1,020	80
Public transit	3,635	2,560	735	70
Walked	3,310	2,340	710	55
Bicycle	320	270	40	0
Other method	950	615	225	25
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	73,430	49,590	18,815	1,205
Less than 15 minutes	24,715	16,850	5,915	410
15 to 29 minutes	30,770	20,880	7,830	490
30 to 44 minutes	12,050	7,795	3,555	200
45 to 59 minutes	3,550	2,450	915	55
60 minutes and over	2,345	1,620	600	55
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	73,430	49,595	18,820	1,205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,765	3,835	1,715	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	14,445	9,905	3,795	250
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	21,075	13,880	5,620	395
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,500	9,700	3,650	165
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,160	4,070	1,430	90
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,485	8,200	2,610	230
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	157,035	104,380	40,390	2,700
Non-movers	138,915	91,365	36,700	2,335
Movers	18,115	13,015	3,685	370
Non-migrants	13,955	10,005	3,030	330
Migrants	4,165	3,010	655	45
Internal migrants	3,755	2,850	625	40
Intraprovincial migrants	3,270	2,525	520	35
Interprovincial migrants	485	325	105	0
External migrants	410	155	25	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	150,520	99,385	39,145	2,530
Non-movers	98,250	62,820	27,330	1,630
Movers	52,270	36,570	11,810	905
Non-migrants	39,475	27,890	9,380	760
Migrants	12,790	8,680	2,435	140
Internal migrants	11,400	8,210	2,310	120
Intraprovincial migrants	9,910	7,210	1,965	110
Interprovincial migrants	1,485	1,000	345	15
External migrants	1,395	470	125	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury, CV

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.