Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Division No. 11

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	1,340,930	994,525	28,235	4,315
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	1,340,930	994,525	28,230	4,310
0 to 14 years	251,880	208,750	2,915	1,245
0 to 4 years	87,940	72,635	1,070	470
5 to 9 years	86,920	72,735	1,060	370
10 to 14 years	77,020	63,380	785	410
15 to 64 years	934,970	684,005	20,260	2,730
15 to 19 years	77,370	61,780	920	290
20 to 24 years	94,090	74,370	1,425	395
25 to 29 years	110,695	83,825	2,285	405
30 to 34 years	114,255	80,820	2,430	365
35 to 39 years	102,340	69,840	2,320	385
40 to 44 years	91,480	61,525	2,065	255
45 to 49 years	87,505	61,085	1,805	165
50 to 54 years	93,165	68,615	2,205	200
55 to 59 years	89,845	67,315	2,580	125
60 to 64 years	74,235	54,820	2,230	140
65 years and over	154,075	101,775	5,060	340
65 to 69 years	56,825	40,205	1,650	100
70 to 74 years	38,105	26,265	1,285	90
75 to 79 years	26,890	17,080	1,025	55
80 to 84 years	18,435	10,615	695	45
85 years and over	13,820	7,610	405	45
85 to 89 years	9,825	5,490	300	35
90 to 94 years	3,360	1,785	85	15
95 to 99 years	570	300	20	0
100 years and over	65	40	0	0
Average age	37.3	35.9	44.3	30.5
Median age	36.0	34.2	44.3	27.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	1,089,050	785,780	25,320	3,065
Married or living common law	644,220	442,080	15,995	1,655
Married	537,885	352,315	12,650	1,200
Living common law	106,335	89,765	3,345	460
Not married and not living common law	444,825	343,700	9,325	1,415
Never married	314,510	248,950	5,700	1,010
Separated	25,205	18,415	640	95
Divorced	65,325	51,160	1,740	205
Widowed	39,790	25,175	1,245	100
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	1,089,050	785,780	25,320	3,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,037,385	750,725	24,515	2,945
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,535	64,800	65,241	51,992
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,684	47,127	49,222	39,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,037,655	750,950	24,525	2,940
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,314	52,347	52,413	43,141
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,698	41,238	42,734	35,395
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	963,160	703,895	23,005	2,685
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,607	64,724	63,866	52,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,307	46,506	48,150	39,794
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	614,185	429,700	14,750	1,760
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,203	7,187	8,828	6,948
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,056	4,060	7,200	3,813
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	841,380	620,265	19,150	2,455
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,368	60,329	63,016	48,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,305	47,191	50,596	41,108
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	93.0	93.7	91.8	91.9
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	76.9	76.9	75.5	78.2
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	7.0	6.3	8.1	8.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	1,089,045	785,780	25,320	3,065
Without total income	51,660	35,050	805	125
With total income	1,037,390	750,730	24,515	2,945
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.5	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	128,705	88,250	2,080	455
$10,000 to $19,999	129,010	86,465	2,720	395
$20,000 to $29,999	122,135	81,155	2,780	325
$30,000 to $39,999	102,670	69,420	2,485	325
$40,000 to $49,999	98,265	69,820	2,320	205
$50,000 to $59,999	88,625	65,235	2,230	300
$60,000 to $69,999	73,660	56,105	1,925	225
$70,000 to $79,999	59,740	46,135	1,695	115
$80,000 to $89,999	47,330	37,235	1,245	155
$90,000 to $99,999	40,775	32,100	1,210	105
$100,000 and over	146,470	118,810	3,825	345
$100,000 to $149,999	95,475	76,710	2,445	250
$150,000 and over	50,995	42,095	1,380	100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	1,089,050	785,780	25,320	3,065
Without after-tax income	51,390	34,825	790	125
With after-tax income	1,037,655	750,955	24,525	2,945
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.6	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	131,700	90,670	2,190	455
$10,000 to $19,999	134,680	90,395	2,870	405
$20,000 to $29,999	141,380	94,540	3,220	395
$30,000 to $39,999	127,910	88,365	3,055	380
$40,000 to $49,999	123,270	89,705	3,035	325
$50,000 to $59,999	99,410	75,565	2,580	285
$60,000 to $69,999	74,120	57,330	2,030	215
$70,000 to $79,999	56,860	44,690	1,670	165
$80,000 and over	148,325	119,700	3,870	325
$80,000 to $89,999	43,205	34,365	1,170	100
$90,000 to $99,999	28,540	22,780	760	70
$100,000 and over	76,580	62,555	1,940	155
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	1,089,050	785,780	25,315	3,065
Without employment income	247,670	165,515	6,170	610
With employment income	841,380	620,260	19,150	2,455
Percentage with employment income	77.3	78.9	75.6	80.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	86,945	63,945	1,840	300
$5,000 to $9,999	54,710	39,165	1,145	175
$10,000 to $19,999	91,790	64,065	1,875	295
$20,000 to $29,999	77,555	52,115	1,365	205
$30,000 to $39,999	75,930	51,540	1,555	220
$40,000 to $49,999	76,720	54,535	1,665	210
$50,000 to $59,999	71,070	52,495	1,615	235
$60,000 to $69,999	59,435	45,155	1,565	205
$70,000 to $79,999	49,325	38,165	1,295	95
$80,000 and over	197,900	159,075	5,230	500
$80,000 to $89,999	40,155	31,555	1,030	135
$90,000 to $99,999	36,455	28,975	1,085	85
$100,000 and over	121,290	98,545	3,120	290
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	1,089,045	785,780	25,315	3,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	393,245	301,010	9,040	1,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	64,820	67,606	69,934	61,553
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	78,136	81,295	85,481	69,439
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
English only	1,223,260	939,980	2,485	965
French only	1,680	30	1,110	25
English and French	95,540	54,020	24,620	3,325
Neither English nor French	20,445	495	15	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
English	1,087,475	960,060	16,710	3,020
French	10,575	515	8,950	205
Non-official language	171,015	10,710	505	140
Aboriginal	565	170	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170,450	10,545	500	140
English and French	2,610	560	1,260	650
English and non-official language	67,420	22,440	245	130
French and non-official language	620	15	290	30
English, French and non-official language	1,210	220	265	135
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	1,340,930	994,530	28,230	4,310
None	1,147,320	952,325	16,925	2,945
English	77,965	5,740	4,475	170
French	14,610	7,270	5,510	925
Non-official language	97,470	28,605	855	150
Aboriginal	3,700	2,150	15	0
Non-Aboriginal	93,770	26,450	835	145
English and French	615	30	80	35
English and non-official language	1,775	145	155	20
French and non-official language	1,100	420	210	70
English, French and non-official language	75	0	25	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	1,340,930	994,530	28,230	4,310
English	1,286,870	994,495	2,485	3,185
French	27,480	30	25,745	230
English and French	6,640	0	0	890
Neither English nor French	19,935	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	30,800	35	25,750	680
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	2.3	0.0	91.2	15.8
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	1,340,930	994,530	28,230	4,310
Official languages	1,320,485	994,030	28,215	4,310
English	1,318,800	994,000	27,110	4,285
French	97,225	54,055	25,730	3,350
Non-official languages	403,600	95,110	4,570	955
Aboriginal languages	6,790	3,780	65	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	396,955	91,405	4,525	945
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	83,750	78,570	1,425	300
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	81,895	76,830	1,370	290
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	39,585	36,340	275	75
Métis	41,150	39,410	1,075	210
Inuk (Inuit)	1,160	1,075	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	1,100	1,050	35	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	755	695	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,257,180	915,955	26,810	4,010
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	1,340,930	994,525	28,235	4,310
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	35,180	32,020	195	85
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,305,750	962,510	28,035	4,225
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	28,055	25,315	255	55
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	26,970	24,300	250	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	20,460	18,155	95	30
Métis single ancestry	6,195	5,875	155	25
Inuit single ancestry	310	270	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	1,085	1,015	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,005	930	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	45	45	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	30	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	70,060	66,740	2,010	330
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	66,355	63,245	1,915	325
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	36,390	34,510	1,005	155
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	28,960	27,755	910	170
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,005	980	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	3,705	3,495	105	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,435	3,235	100	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	145	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	110	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	1,242,815	902,475	25,965	3,920
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	1,340,930	994,525	28,235	4,310
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	1,204,920	963,180	26,395	4,105
Canadian citizens only	1,161,065	946,240	25,560	3,940
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	43,855	16,945	835	165
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	136,015	31,350	1,840	205
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	1,340,930	994,530	28,230	4,315
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	1,000,485	911,135	23,640	3,710
Immigrants^Footnote 44	311,695	76,835	4,245	575
Before 1981	62,200	24,390	535	55
1981 to 1990	34,225	8,180	205	50
1991 to 2000	47,295	9,495	515	115
2001 to 2010	88,735	18,550	1,670	230
2001 to 2005	36,875	7,665	630	90
2006 to 2010	51,860	10,885	1,045	140
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	79,240	16,215	1,320	130
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	28,755	6,565	350	30
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	311,690	76,835	4,245	575
Under 5 years	29,655	14,335	445	120
5 to 14 years	54,165	17,825	760	150
15 to 24 years	64,030	14,285	830	75
25 to 44 years	138,330	26,570	2,015	200
45 years and over	25,510	3,820	190	30
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	311,690	76,835	4,245	575
Americas	32,055	16,275	335	50
Brazil	810	60	0	0
Colombia	2,610	135	0	0
El Salvador	3,080	220	10	0
Guyana	1,415	1,405	0	0
Haiti	545	70	155	10
Jamaica	2,810	2,710	0	0
Mexico	2,520	160	0	0
Peru	555	75	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,650	1,635	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	8,850	7,955	105	35
Other places of birth in Americas	7,220	1,860	40	0
Europe	66,910	23,565	720	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,940	115	10	0
Croatia	1,435	70	0	0
France	780	190	495	20
Germany	7,410	1,380	25	0
Greece	660	70	0	0
Hungary	975	75	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	1,540	1,495	0	0
Italy	3,520	365	15	0
Netherlands	4,035	670	0	0
Poland	8,110	485	0	0
Portugal	2,575	245	0	10
Romania	2,340	245	15	0
Russian Federation	2,375	135	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	880	40	0	0
Ukraine	3,785	145	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	17,305	16,855	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	7,260	975	130	0
Africa	37,320	9,900	2,885	360
Algeria	380	20	80	20
Egypt	2,065	350	45	30
Ethiopia	4,020	405	10	0
Kenya	2,010	785	10	0
Morocco	805	25	185	35
Nigeria	3,265	1,910	10	0
Somalia	4,585	470	40	20
South Africa, Republic of	2,275	1,530	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	17,910	4,400	2,495	235
Asia	171,135	25,080	305	110
Afghanistan	1,490	80	0	0
Bangladesh	1,615	170	0	0
China^Footnote 53	19,755	870	25	10
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	7,375	660	0	0
India	38,945	5,515	15	20
Iran^Footnote 55	2,720	155	0	0
Iraq	2,100	180	0	0
Japan	710	70	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	4,990	525	0	0
Lebanon	5,130	775	120	45
Pakistan	8,300	1,285	10	0
Philippines	46,175	10,090	15	15
Sri Lanka	2,130	475	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	2,030	110	20	0
Taiwan	1,035	115	0	0
Viet Nam	10,435	685	45	0
Other places of birth in Asia	16,185	3,325	45	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	4,270	2,015	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	79,240	16,215	1,325	130
Americas	5,905	2,295	100	0
Brazil	270	10	0	0
Colombia	570	0	0	0
Cuba	255	15	0	0
Haiti	175	0	40	0
Jamaica	685	655	0	0
Mexico	995	35	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	1,485	1,215	35	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	230	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,235	360	15	0
Europe	7,405	2,575	130	0
France	105	0	90	0
Germany	575	60	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	535	525	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	210	10	0	0
Romania	375	15	0	0
Russian Federation	465	25	0	0
Ukraine	905	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	1,885	1,815	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,365	125	25	0
Africa	11,825	2,630	1,020	120
Algeria	40	0	0	0
Cameroon	375	130	140	25
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	525	45	205	10
Côte d'Ivoire	285	10	240	15
Egypt	750	130	15	10
Eritrea	990	100	0	0
Ethiopia	1,225	135	10	0
Morocco	245	10	45	0
Nigeria	1,565	970	0	0
Somalia	1,385	95	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	505	230	15	0
Tunisia	155	15	30	0
Other places of birth in Africa	3,770	770	325	60
Asia	53,375	8,290	75	10
Afghanistan	225	25	0	0
Bangladesh	555	70	0	0
China^Footnote 65	3,680	110	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	310	30	0	0
India	13,635	1,880	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	890	40	0	0
Iraq	700	55	0	0
Israel	250	40	0	0
Japan	200	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	1,505	100	0	0
Lebanon	795	120	40	10
Nepal	1,105	95	0	0
Pakistan	1,990	255	0	0
Philippines	21,940	4,725	0	0
Saudi Arabia	375	115	0	0
Sri Lanka	765	130	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	1,410	15	15	0
Taiwan	130	15	0	0
Turkey	215	30	0	0
United Arab Emirates	305	130	0	0
Viet Nam	760	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,640	275	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	720	420	0	0
Australia	275	245	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	450	175	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,315
First generation^Footnote 73	347,495	89,080	4,720	630
Second generation^Footnote 74	262,490	206,825	2,795	890
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	730,945	698,625	20,720	2,790
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	254,400	53,935	3,745	520
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	137,205	32,410	1,615	295
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	55,745	10,680	870	100
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	81,460	21,730	745	200
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	73,080	15,445	855	100
Refugees^Footnote 81	42,450	5,695	1,230	125
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	1,670	385	55	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	366,380	127,045	4,875	1,005
South Asian^Footnote 85	91,735	27,380	110	145
Chinese	60,330	15,080	125	45
Black	58,130	31,795	3,735	465
Filipino	62,170	21,875	45	35
Latin American	18,895	3,545	65	10
Arab	25,700	9,150	515	185
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	17,270	5,075	55	35
West Asian^Footnote 87	6,750	1,005	0	20
Korean	7,625	1,540	0	10
Japanese	2,530	1,560	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	4,080	2,680	50	35
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	11,155	6,360	155	30
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	974,550	867,485	23,360	3,305
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	1,340,930	994,530	28,235	4,310
North American Aboriginal origins	98,115	92,055	2,270	390
First Nations (North American Indian)	61,500	57,040	1,195	190
Inuit	1,665	1,590	10	0
Métis	39,755	37,955	1,160	200
Other North American origins	293,795	274,610	11,845	1,495
Acadian	1,930	1,315	575	45
American	21,050	20,260	365	70
Canadian	277,720	259,680	11,110	1,405
New Brunswicker	20	0	15	0
Newfoundlander	580	580	0	0
Nova Scotian	85	80	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0
Québécois	500	300	180	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	90	80	0	0
European origins	845,035	741,410	17,910	2,800
British Isles origins	489,035	481,290	3,535	1,415
Channel Islander	65	55	0	0
Cornish	75	75	0	0
English	269,300	265,750	1,285	690
Irish	192,520	189,510	1,665	685
Manx	310	310	0	0
Scottish	216,300	214,110	1,010	570
Welsh	25,715	25,525	50	45
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	29,185	28,685	150	90
French origins	147,625	127,355	16,325	2,045
Alsatian	90	80	10	0
Breton	35	0	25	0
Corsican	90	70	0	10
French	147,480	127,215	16,330	2,045
Western European origins (except French origins)	287,375	263,435	1,710	735
Austrian	14,010	12,800	55	30
Bavarian	45	40	0	0
Belgian	7,300	6,650	430	60
Dutch	59,785	54,105	210	135
Flemish	740	665	30	10
Frisian	145	100	0	0
German	224,125	207,085	935	500
Luxembourger	205	185	10	0
Swiss	6,560	5,895	170	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	190	195	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	99,010	96,705	215	130
Danish	16,390	15,530	15	20
Finnish	5,565	5,155	25	0
Icelandic	5,470	5,410	10	0
Norwegian	46,055	45,550	80	45
Swedish	31,770	31,250	35	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	4,370	4,255	50	20
Eastern European origins	261,430	224,355	890	600
Bulgarian	905	380	0	0
Byelorussian	1,070	465	0	0
Czech	6,265	5,180	35	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	3,110	2,935	20	15
Estonian	705	635	0	0
Hungarian	14,970	12,685	45	65
Latvian	1,280	985	0	0
Lithuanian	2,090	1,725	0	0
Moldovan	385	90	20	0
Polish	75,115	62,010	285	190
Romanian	11,735	8,915	60	30
Russian	29,580	24,155	115	90
Slovak	3,265	2,490	20	35
Ukrainian	164,100	148,935	385	305
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	620	550	0	0
Southern European origins	78,235	50,745	850	230
Albanian	805	180	0	0
Bosnian	1,535	365	10	0
Catalan	35	15	0	0
Croatian	5,310	2,890	30	15
Cypriot	60	55	0	0
Greek	5,110	3,710	60	20
Italian	34,300	27,410	425	145
Kosovar	175	55	0	0
Macedonian	410	175	0	0
Maltese	485	420	10	0
Montenegrin	105	25	10	0
Portuguese	10,850	6,690	105	25
Serbian	3,420	1,235	10	0
Sicilian	90	80	0	10
Slovenian	1,385	1,065	15	0
Spanish	16,945	7,525	230	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	1,725	1,435	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	55	35	0	0
Other European origins	7,505	5,915	150	30
Basque	125	70	0	0
Jewish	3,820	2,725	60	0
Roma (Gypsy)	120	105	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	290	185	0	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	3,195	2,850	80	10
Caribbean origins	15,385	13,610	345	40
Antiguan	130	130	0	0
Bahamian	105	100	0	0
Barbadian	890	860	25	0
Bermudan	45	45	0	0
Carib	50	45	0	0
Cuban	965	350	10	0
Dominican	360	220	25	0
Grenadian	345	340	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	885	300	205	25
Jamaican	7,545	7,315	35	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	25	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	20	20	0	0
Puerto Rican	100	80	0	0
St. Lucian	230	210	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,500	2,440	25	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	145	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	1,110	1,025	20	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	920	860	30	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,870	10,080	175	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	760	300	15	0
Arawak	10	15	0	0
Argentinian	385	220	0	0
Belizean	55	60	0	0
Bolivian	90	15	10	0
Brazilian	1,010	440	10	0
Chilean	3,940	1,970	30	0
Colombian	3,575	625	20	0
Costa Rican	150	50	0	0
Ecuadorian	295	135	10	0
Guatemalan	700	310	10	0
Guyanese	1,605	1,565	15	0
Hispanic	760	265	0	0
Honduran	180	70	0	0
Maya	235	85	0	0
Mexican	5,350	1,930	0	0
Nicaraguan	510	205	10	0
Panamanian	100	70	0	0
Paraguayan	25	10	0	0
Peruvian	875	375	15	0
Salvadorean	4,005	1,430	35	10
Uruguayan	140	75	0	0
Venezuelan	725	175	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	1,085	450	10	10
African origins	59,640	27,700	3,905	555
Central and West African origins	12,975	6,620	2,215	235
Akan	25	15	0	0
Angolan	120	30	50	0
Ashanti	40	20	0	0
Beninese	40	10	15	0
Burkinabe	80	20	20	10
Cameroonian	780	250	350	70
Chadian	10	0	0	0
Congolese	2,275	490	1,000	100
Edo	210	130	0	0
Ewe	55	25	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0
Gambian	35	15	0	0
Ghanaian	2,110	1,250	25	10
Guinean	285	50	155	0
Ibo	385	265	0	0
Ivorian	400	20	325	10
Liberian	650	580	10	0
Malian	35	0	10	0
Malinké	70	25	0	0
Nigerian	3,575	2,550	10	0
Peulh	60	10	25	0
Senegalese	245	55	100	10
Sierra Leonean	470	245	0	10
Togolese	50	15	10	0
Wolof	20	0	10	0
Yoruba	830	570	25	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	900	350	225	35
North African origins	9,250	3,245	435	100
Algerian	500	130	95	10
Berber	240	60	40	10
Coptic	95	55	0	0
Dinka	200	80	0	0
Egyptian	3,355	1,195	45	35
Libyan	590	175	0	10
Maure	35	10	0	0
Moroccan	1,200	315	170	40
Sudanese	2,755	1,115	0	0
Tunisian	375	110	60	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	240	70	35	0
Southern and East African origins	27,515	10,535	745	185
Afrikaner	85	55	0	0
Amhara	185	45	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	415	110	95	0
Burundian	690	125	155	20
Djiboutian	155	30	25	0
Eritrean	3,475	930	0	0
Ethiopian	5,335	1,730	35	25
Harari	120	40	0	0
Kenyan	970	535	0	0
Malagasy	50	20	25	0
Mauritian	210	60	40	45
Oromo	555	175	0	0
Rwandan	1,130	330	220	30
Seychellois	10	0	0	0
Somali	9,800	3,400	195	55
South African	1,840	1,480	0	10
Tanzanian	475	280	0	0
Tigrian	255	35	0	0
Ugandan	650	390	0	10
Zambian	115	100	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,380	785	0	0
Zulu	175	95	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	1,535	715	25	10
Other African origins	11,130	7,910	685	75
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	1,235	1,040	55	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	10,080	6,965	625	60
Asian origins	290,945	95,230	910	495
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40,585	15,910	455	210
Afghan	2,485	475	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	4,435	1,410	145	50
Armenian	620	325	15	10
Assyrian	175	120	0	0
Azerbaijani	300	75	0	10
Georgian	115	45	0	0
Hazara	100	10	0	0
Iranian	4,630	1,100	10	15
Iraqi	2,065	540	0	0
Israeli	705	300	0	0
Jordanian	640	235	20	0
Kazakh	105	20	0	0
Kurd	1,065	270	10	0
Kuwaiti	120	35	0	0
Kyrgyz	30	15	0	0
Lebanese	15,370	8,665	220	95
Palestinian	2,915	1,130	25	20
Pashtun	235	35	0	0
Saudi Arabian	190	90	0	0
Syrian	3,040	870	25	15
Tajik	65	0	0	0
Tatar	145	40	0	0
Turk	2,775	855	25	20
Turkmen	50	10	0	0
Uighur	100	25	0	0
Uzbek	175	10	0	0
Yemeni	255	75	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	895	270	0	0
South Asian origins	91,940	28,710	180	150
Bangladeshi	1,445	305	0	0
Bengali	615	210	0	0
Bhutanese	80	0	0	0
East Indian	72,500	23,385	160	120
Goan	85	85	0	0
Gujarati	485	95	0	0
Kashmiri	110	30	0	0
Nepali	1,850	230	0	0
Pakistani	8,455	2,765	15	20
Punjabi	6,290	1,135	0	0
Sinhalese	270	85	0	0
Sri Lankan	2,340	880	10	10
Tamil	480	165	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	1,955	540	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	159,905	51,905	290	160
Burmese	455	125	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,565	715	0	0
Chinese	72,220	21,110	165	65
Filipino	65,340	24,000	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	955	575	0	10
Japanese	3,745	2,400	10	10
Karen	395	60	0	0
Korean	8,020	1,770	0	15
Laotian	765	405	0	10
Malaysian	1,460	950	10	0
Mongolian	360	95	0	0
Singaporean	150	140	0	0
Taiwanese	665	190	0	0
Thai	1,035	415	0	0
Tibetan	60	25	0	0
Vietnamese	14,190	4,105	75	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	365	100	0	0
Other Asian origins	955	280	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	955	280	0	0
Oceania origins	5,040	3,955	25	15
Australian	1,985	1,955	25	0
New Zealander	720	705	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	2,455	1,430	0	15
Fijian	1,910	940	0	15
Hawaiian	150	145	0	0
Maori	195	175	0	0
Samoan	65	55	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	70	60	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	80	65	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	1,089,045	785,780	25,320	3,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	171,645	121,710	3,585	430
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	306,490	233,910	6,220	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	610,910	430,165	15,510	1,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	108,615	85,600	3,850	365
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	30,560	22,005	1,330	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	78,055	63,595	2,520	255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	208,740	161,210	5,330	590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,760	22,730	770	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	258,800	160,620	5,565	710
Bachelor's degree	179,615	116,505	3,660	515
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	14,180	8,495	385	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,140	4,420	150	30
Master's degree	46,305	25,610	1,110	105
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	10,560	5,595	260	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	1,089,050	785,780	25,320	3,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	478,135	355,615	9,805	1,280
Education	43,175	32,345	1,425	120
13. Education	43,175	32,345	1,430	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,385	13,730	420	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,370	2,840	60	15
50. Visual and performing arts	14,015	10,890	355	65
Humanities	24,465	15,980	585	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,755	1,250	75	10
23. English language and literature/letters	5,205	3,675	85	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,550	4,305	165	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	70	65	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,735	1,310	60	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,585	2,865	50	10
54. History	2,980	2,205	65	10
55. French language and literature/letters	580	310	90	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55,060	40,005	1,345	230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	930	685	25	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,375	4,300	95	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,770	6,730	245	30
22. Legal professions and studies	10,250	8,200	255	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	760	590	15	0
42. Psychology	10,625	8,420	200	35
45. Social sciences	17,345	11,075	505	70
Business, management and public administration	121,065	82,785	2,825	305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	215	155	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,290	5,635	160	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	113,560	76,995	2,660	285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,195	16,365	460	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,240	6,725	190	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,305	4,135	75	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	150	105	0	0
40. Physical sciences	7,455	3,860	145	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,045	1,540	50	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,730	12,665	480	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	17,150	9,920	355	45
25. Library science	1,825	1,430	70	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,615	1,220	45	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	145	95	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,390	114,355	4,470	425
04. Architecture and related services	4,055	2,705	90	0
14. Engineering	34,575	14,745	575	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30,185	22,730	720	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	38,290	31,260	1,275	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	32,440	26,300	1,000	70
48. Precision production	21,825	16,615	810	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,190	7,760	335	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,105	4,415	200	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,085	3,345	130	15
Health and related fields	97,530	69,455	2,085	210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,075	5,315	155	20
51. Health professions and related programs	88,825	62,710	1,870	180
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,630	1,435	55	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	31,675	24,680	1,080	155
12. Personal and culinary services	18,795	14,175	540	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	25	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	335	245	15	10
43. Security and protective services	6,645	5,775	250	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,850	4,460	270	20
Other	55	45	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	50	40	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	1,089,050	785,785	25,320	3,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	478,135	355,620	9,805	1,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	610,910	430,165	15,510	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	491,285	399,280	13,800	1,605
Same as province or territory of residence	391,775	320,695	8,335	1,080
Different than province or territory of residence	99,515	78,580	5,465	520
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	119,630	30,885	1,715	180
United States^Footnote 132	12,205	9,205	200	25
Philippines	26,035	4,765	0	0
India	18,500	2,490	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	8,135	6,510	80	15
China^Footnote 134	6,165	90	30	0
France	635	80	385	0
Other	47,945	7,740	1,015	130
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	1,089,045	785,780	25,315	3,065
In the labour force	781,355	574,410	17,665	2,255
Employed	714,655	525,660	16,160	2,035
Unemployed	66,695	48,745	1,500	215
Not in the labour force	307,695	211,370	7,655	810
Participation rate	71.7	73.1	69.8	73.6
Employment rate	65.6	66.9	63.8	66.4
Unemployment rate	8.5	8.5	8.5	9.5
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	1,089,045	785,780	25,315	3,065
Did not work^Footnote 137	277,825	186,170	6,845	725
Worked	811,225	599,610	18,475	2,340
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	404,715	309,220	9,345	1,075
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	406,505	290,390	9,130	1,265
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.8	40.4
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	834,505	615,295	18,910	2,410
a.Management	86,265	68,515	1,880	175
00 Senior management occupations	7,530	6,335	220	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	27,595	22,535	615	60
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	28,565	20,905	440	55
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	22,580	18,740	600	45
b.Professional	137,575	99,670	3,060	400
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	24,115	17,880	460	95
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	29,665	18,465	515	75
30 Professional occupations in nursing	15,455	11,650	230	40
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	12,835	8,840	245	45
40 Professional occupations in education services	28,440	21,040	970	75
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	20,665	16,570	395	50
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	6,405	5,225	245	20
c.Technical and paraprofessional	82,795	63,030	2,005	305
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	28,975	21,460	550	100
32 Technical occupations in health	16,480	12,235	290	50
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	14,795	9,810	410	35
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	8,830	7,735	485	50
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	13,715	11,785	270	65
d.Administration and administrative support	108,555	86,425	2,540	340
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	43,835	35,755	1,105	155
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	8,955	6,880	250	25
14 Office support occupations	38,480	30,015	830	115
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	17,280	13,770	350	55
e.Sales	82,245	60,725	1,175	220
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	17,460	13,610	245	35
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	38,900	29,505	555	120
66 Sales support occupations	25,885	17,615	370	60
f.Personal and customer information services	139,435	88,185	2,695	395
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	13,825	7,650	295	30
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	17,360	11,670	425	40
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	23,725	13,435	400	70
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	38,180	28,160	815	125
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	46,335	27,260	760	135
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	91,765	70,905	2,980	280
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	65,155	48,970	2,270	200
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	26,610	21,930	705	80
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	63,590	46,785	1,745	175
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	13,150	10,290	235	45
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	34,975	24,925	935	80
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	15,465	11,570	575	50
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	17,810	15,090	380	60
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	6,100	5,165	170	25
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	4,390	3,540	115	20
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	7,320	6,390	100	15
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	24,470	15,970	445	55
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	8,415	6,945	170	15
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	5,825	3,240	90	15
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	3,875	2,145	105	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	6,350	3,640	80	15
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	834,500	615,290	18,905	2,415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	8,925	7,375	180	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	7,945	6,520	155	0
113 Forestry and logging	380	325	25	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	60	50	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	545	485	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	27,975	22,590	670	85
211 Oil and gas extraction	9,145	7,120	225	25
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	1,590	1,385	45	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	17,235	14,085	400	55
22 Utilities	8,245	6,690	170	50
221 Utilities	8,245	6,690	170	50
23 Construction	96,820	75,615	3,230	300
236 Construction of buildings	26,345	20,540	885	100
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	16,000	12,710	480	25
238 Specialty trade contractors	54,475	42,365	1,870	180
31-33 Manufacturing	50,035	33,970	1,080	135
311 Food manufacturing	5,040	2,445	75	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	790	655	10	0
313 Textile mills	120	80	0	0
314 Textile product mills	275	125	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	565	240	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	55	30	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,975	1,440	25	0
322 Paper manufacturing	320	260	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	1,860	1,410	30	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	3,595	2,770	125	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	3,820	3,060	90	15
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	3,045	1,740	55	15
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	2,395	1,785	50	20
331 Primary metal manufacturing	2,170	1,635	50	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	10,385	7,240	280	15
333 Machinery manufacturing	6,125	4,005	120	20
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	1,360	785	35	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	865	570	15	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,400	1,085	35	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	1,290	835	25	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	2,575	1,770	65	10
41 Wholesale trade	33,135	26,560	725	85
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	290	245	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	1,480	1,210	30	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	3,350	2,265	75	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	2,290	1,630	75	20
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	2,700	2,210	70	10
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	6,430	5,290	135	35
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	12,430	10,470	240	20
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	3,305	2,540	90	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	860	705	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	96,350	70,495	1,435	305
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	14,020	11,600	230	70
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	3,785	2,720	80	15
443 Electronics and appliance stores	3,195	2,405	30	15
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	6,445	5,405	85	10
445 Food and beverage stores	20,530	14,000	300	65
446 Health and personal care stores	8,765	6,000	110	35
447 Gasoline stations	3,205	1,880	35	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	11,460	8,025	155	25
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	4,925	4,265	50	30
452 General merchandise stores	12,095	7,790	195	35
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	5,460	4,365	85	10
454 Non-store retailers	2,465	2,040	75	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	39,710	28,150	990	75
481 Air transportation	1,795	1,510	30	0
482 Rail transportation	1,925	1,655	35	10
483 Water transportation	30	25	0	0
484 Truck transportation	14,700	10,220	400	30
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	5,935	3,160	125	15
486 Pipeline transportation	1,990	1,640	35	10
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	4,455	3,555	130	0
491 Postal service	2,805	2,075	105	0
492 Couriers and messengers	2,975	2,020	70	10
493 Warehousing and storage	3,080	2,285	60	15
51 Information and cultural industries	12,185	9,745	290	40
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	1,845	1,510	50	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	1,835	1,485	50	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	1,130	955	60	0
517 Telecommunications	4,645	3,570	60	25
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	375	290	10	0
519 Other information services	2,365	1,940	70	10
52 Finance and insurance	26,350	19,645	475	80
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	11,980	8,360	230	35
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	3,605	2,810	55	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	10,605	8,385	195	30
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	160	105	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15,925	12,400	315	35
531 Real estate	11,870	8,955	225	25
532 Rental and leasing services	4,000	3,410	90	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	50	35	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	57,085	42,545	1,135	140
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	57,085	42,550	1,135	135
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,190	930	15	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	1,190	935	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	32,705	22,835	790	85
561 Administrative and support services	30,235	20,765	720	70
562 Waste management and remediation services	2,475	2,075	70	15
61 Educational services	58,250	43,690	1,850	205
611 Educational services	58,245	43,690	1,850	205
62 Health care and social assistance	94,610	65,480	1,700	215
621 Ambulatory health care services	33,850	25,525	535	80
622 Hospitals	29,890	21,380	475	60
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	13,665	7,490	325	30
624 Social assistance	17,210	11,090	365	40
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	16,350	13,700	270	65
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	4,705	4,090	90	25
712 Heritage institutions	735	615	35	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	10,910	8,995	140	35
72 Accommodation and food services	60,215	36,785	935	190
721 Accommodation services	7,995	4,600	170	20
722 Food services and drinking places	52,225	32,180	765	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	40,265	29,345	805	100
811 Repair and maintenance	14,270	11,010	325	20
812 Personal and laundry services	11,560	8,035	160	45
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	11,090	8,730	280	35
814 Private households	3,340	1,580	35	0
91 Public administration	58,175	46,735	1,840	215
911 Federal government public administration	16,820	13,300	1,105	95
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	20,150	15,775	395	55
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	20,605	17,170	350	60
914 Aboriginal public administration	580	480	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	20	10	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	714,655	525,660	16,160	2,035
Worked at home	41,080	32,170	955	80
Worked outside Canada	1,770	1,050	30	10
No fixed workplace address	102,500	76,130	3,165	325
Worked at usual place	569,310	416,315	12,010	1,615
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	834,500	615,290	18,905	2,415
English	817,885	612,645	16,550	2,190
French	2,550	635	1,560	45
Non-official language	6,345	325	0	10
Aboriginal	30	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,315	315	10	10
English and French	1,890	610	745	145
English and non-official language	5,680	1,050	25	20
French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	130	25	15	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	834,505	615,290	18,905	2,410
None	801,320	607,195	14,075	2,100
English	4,475	630	1,080	30
French	8,885	4,200	3,590	255
Non-official language	19,330	3,115	80	20
Aboriginal	700	345	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	18,635	2,770	70	15
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	0	10	0
French and non-official language	410	155	85	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	569,310	416,315	12,015	1,615
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	400,510	276,030	7,540	1,060
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	151,770	127,905	3,945	515
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,585	10,675	395	35
Commute to a different province or territory	2,445	1,705	130	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	671,815	492,445	15,175	1,940
Car, truck, van - as a driver	522,160	393,845	12,155	1,505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	34,440	23,270	600	85
Public transit	73,750	44,870	1,400	245
Walked	25,030	17,905	525	85
Bicycle	6,515	5,320	190	20
Other method	9,915	7,240	315	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	671,815	492,445	15,175	1,940
Less than 15 minutes	146,725	110,985	3,270	375
15 to 29 minutes	261,850	192,000	5,915	825
30 to 44 minutes	166,175	119,395	3,745	435
45 to 59 minutes	55,540	40,770	1,315	155
60 minutes and over	41,520	29,295	925	150
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	671,810	492,445	15,175	1,940
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	51,450	38,470	1,480	145
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	136,665	103,340	3,760	420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	200,545	152,865	4,790	575
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	114,835	83,820	2,330	360
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	66,355	43,840	995	200
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	101,970	70,110	1,815	245
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	1,323,055	980,015	28,020	4,165
Non-movers	1,107,840	831,380	22,840	3,290
Movers	215,210	148,640	5,180	875
Non-migrants	141,785	98,015	3,045	575
Migrants	73,425	50,625	2,135	305
Internal migrants	56,445	45,930	1,830	250
Intraprovincial migrants	40,520	34,845	945	150
Interprovincial migrants	15,930	11,085	890	100
External migrants	16,980	4,700	300	50
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	1,252,985	921,890	27,165	3,840
Non-movers	678,060	523,305	13,980	1,655
Movers	574,925	398,585	13,180	2,195
Non-migrants	313,855	233,020	5,910	1,135
Migrants	261,070	165,565	7,270	1,060
Internal migrants	184,900	147,985	6,055	885
Intraprovincial migrants	109,725	95,880	2,370	465
Interprovincial migrants	75,175	52,100	3,690	425
External migrants	76,165	17,585	1,210	170

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Division No. 11

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.