Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Columbia-Shuswap
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
0 to 14 years	7,025	6,665	120	15
0 to 4 years	2,265	2,115	60	10
5 to 9 years	2,395	2,260	45	0
10 to 14 years	2,370	2,285	20	10
15 to 64 years	31,400	28,640	800	60
15 to 19 years	2,380	2,285	30	0
20 to 24 years	2,105	2,015	25	0
25 to 29 years	2,420	2,195	70	0
30 to 34 years	2,785	2,520	120	0
35 to 39 years	2,890	2,540	130	10
40 to 44 years	2,625	2,360	80	0
45 to 49 years	2,910	2,685	50	0
50 to 54 years	3,955	3,620	105	10
55 to 59 years	4,760	4,320	110	15
60 to 64 years	4,565	4,110	80	10
65 years and over	11,765	9,990	280	40
65 to 69 years	4,195	3,715	110	0
70 to 74 years	3,040	2,655	85	0
75 to 79 years	2,120	1,690	45	15
80 to 84 years	1,405	1,110	15	15
85 years and over	1,010	815	25	0
85 to 89 years	760	615	25	0
90 to 94 years	220	175	0	0
95 to 99 years	30	20	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.8	44.9	46.4	52.0
Median age	49.9	49.0	48.1	59.2
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	43,170	38,625	1,080	95
Married or living common law	27,965	24,835	700	65
Married	22,600	19,940	470	60
Living common law	5,370	4,895	230	10
Not married and not living common law	15,200	13,790	380	30
Never married	8,675	8,045	240	10
Separated	1,205	1,075	25	0
Divorced	2,935	2,635	70	10
Widowed	2,385	2,040	50	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	43,170	38,630	1,080	100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,150	37,670	1,075	95
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,219	41,867	50,024	49,761
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,142	32,480	33,842	32,469
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,210	37,735	1,075	100
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,723	35,501	42,065	41,035
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,946	29,237	29,809	27,733
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,410	34,315	975	90
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,049	38,842	47,454	44,919
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,517	28,119	30,244	32,051
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,095	27,510	845	75
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,992	8,886	9,164	10,352
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,278	8,088	8,960	11,312
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,775	26,960	795	55
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,381	36,995	40,612	55,679
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,443	26,480	31,797	34,156
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	84.3	84.5	85.6	85.5
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	62.5	63.3	60.0	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	15.7	15.5	14.2	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	43,170	38,625	1,080	95
Without total income	1,020	955	0	0
With total income	42,145	37,675	1,075	95
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.5	99.5	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,390	4,920	100	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	7,835	6,995	160	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	6,680	5,765	195	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	5,550	4,810	175	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,310	3,870	125	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	3,085	2,785	85	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,460	2,290	65	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,950	1,790	50	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,330	1,195	35	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	885	835	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,665	2,430	80	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	2,020	1,860	60	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	645	565	20	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	43,165	38,625	1,080	100
Without after-tax income	960	895	0	0
With after-tax income	42,210	37,730	1,075	95
Percentage with after-tax income	97.8	97.7	99.5	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,780	5,290	100	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	8,325	7,410	190	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	7,790	6,665	255	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	6,255	5,570	145	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,420	3,960	135	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	3,120	2,910	80	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,420	2,195	60	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	1,270	30	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	2,710	2,460	85	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	840	775	20	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	705	665	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,170	1,025	45	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	43,170	38,630	1,085	95
Without employment income	13,395	11,660	285	40
With employment income	29,775	26,965	795	55
Percentage with employment income	69.0	69.8	73.3	57.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,810	5,185	120	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	2,605	2,430	55	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,045	3,665	105	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,635	3,235	110	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,130	2,795	100	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,260	2,050	85	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,905	1,725	50	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	1,415	30	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	1,250	50	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,540	3,220	100	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	975	870	25	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	685	635	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,880	1,710	75	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	43,170	38,625	1,080	95
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	10,605	9,790	190	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	50,112	50,559	47,825	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	56,664	57,023	55,649	65,925
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
English only	46,545	43,030	130	50
French only	35	0	30	0
English and French	3,530	2,260	1,035	70
Neither English nor French	90	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
English	48,345	45,050	840	100
French	360	25	330	0
Non-official language	840	75	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	840	75	10	0
English and French	35	0	25	10
English and non-official language	605	130	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
None	47,745	44,590	670	90
English	655	50	240	0
French	575	270	270	20
Non-official language	1,190	370	15	0
Aboriginal	85	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,105	310	15	0
English and French	0	0	10	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
English	49,015	45,290	135	105
French	1,070	0	1,070	0
English and French	25	0	0	10
Neither English nor French	85	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	1,085	0	1,070	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	2.2	0.0	89.2	8.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Official languages	50,110	45,290	1,200	115
English	50,075	45,290	1,170	115
French	3,560	2,260	1,070	65
Non-official languages	4,940	1,595	100	10
Aboriginal languages	160	125	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,785	1,475	105	10
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	50,195	45,285	1,200	115
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	3,640	3,530	65	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	3,545	3,435	65	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	1,670	1,635	15	0
Métis	1,840	1,780	45	10
Inuk (Inuit)	25	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	85	80	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	20	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	46,555	41,760	1,135	100
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	1,120	1,090	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,075	44,195	1,195	115
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	765	735	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	750	720	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	535	510	10	0
Métis single ancestry	205	200	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	15	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	3,535	3,340	155	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	3,330	3,160	135	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,860	1,780	70	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,455	1,365	70	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	200	180	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	180	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	45,900	41,215	1,035	100
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	50,195	45,285	1,200	115
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	48,500	44,350	1,180	115
Canadian citizens only	47,225	43,475	1,160	110
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,275	870	20	10
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	1,695	940	20	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	44,575	42,260	1,140	115
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	5,315	2,875	40	10
Before 1981	3,035	1,735	25	10
1981 to 1990	500	255	0	0
1991 to 2000	545	230	10	0
2001 to 2010	745	380	0	0
2001 to 2005	260	155	0	0
2006 to 2010	480	220	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	495	280	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	305	150	15	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	5,320	2,875	45	10
Under 5 years	695	485	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,005	565	20	10
15 to 24 years	1,195	565	10	0
25 to 44 years	2,075	1,060	25	0
45 years and over	345	210	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	5,315	2,880	45	0
Americas	885	775	0	0
Brazil	30	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	15	0	0
Haiti	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	715	710	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	30	10	0
Europe	3,395	1,640	35	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	0	0
France	30	0	20	0
Germany	700	90	0	0
Greece	10	0	0	0
Hungary	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	20	15	0	0
Italy	150	0	0	0
Netherlands	310	50	0	0
Poland	60	0	0	0
Portugal	35	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	1,430	1,400	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	480	60	20	0
Africa	145	100	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	100	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	0	0
Asia	700	170	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	95	15	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	15	0	0	0
India	170	70	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	55	15	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	0	0
Philippines	190	30	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	30	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	190	190	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	495	280	0	0
Americas	85	75	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	60	60	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	0
Europe	175	90	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	80	85	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	155	40	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	35	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	20	20	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	15	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	80	75	0	0
Australia	50	45	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	30	30	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
First generation^{Footnote 73}	5,870	3,270	65	0
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	9,795	8,830	100	25
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	34,530	33,195	1,030	85
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	2,350	1,170	20	0
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	1,350	675	15	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	595	260	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	760	415	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	895	470	0	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	90	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	20	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	1,615	810	15	0
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	350	175	0	0
Chinese	265	105	10	0
Black	170	135	0	10
Filipino	265	85	0	0
Latin American	70	10	0	0
Arab	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	45	25	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	10	0	0	0
Korean	100	35	0	0
Japanese	275	220	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	30	20	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	15	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	48,580	44,480	1,185	110
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	50,195	45,290	1,200	115
North American Aboriginal origins	4,295	4,075	165	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,615	2,485	95	10
Inuit	20	25	0	0
Métis	1,875	1,765	85	15
Other North American origins	13,375	12,680	600	40
Acadian	85	30	60	0
American	1,165	1,145	15	0
Canadian	12,490	11,825	565	35
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	40	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	0	0	0	0
European origins	42,400	38,535	905	110
British Isles origins	29,170	28,730	255	75
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	15	0	0
English	18,475	18,270	110	30
Irish	9,625	9,435	115	45
Manx	20	25	0	0
Scottish	12,875	12,720	90	25
Welsh	1,995	1,970	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	1,490	1,485	0	0
French origins	6,135	5,185	815	65
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	6,135	5,180	815	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	14,985	13,085	100	25
Austrian	960	820	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	365	335	20	0
Dutch	3,565	3,130	20	15
Flemish	45	40	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0
German	10,575	9,365	45	10
Luxembourger	15	15	0	0
Swiss	910	715	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	75	75	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	6,020	5,815	20	15
Danish	735	710	0	0
Finnish	685	610	0	0
Icelandic	325	320	0	0
Norwegian	2,485	2,445	10	0
Swedish	2,085	2,020	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	270	255	10	0
Eastern European origins	7,615	6,955	25	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	20	0	0
Czech	365	255	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	140	110	0	0
Estonian	45	30	0	0
Hungarian	570	505	0	0
Latvian	60	50	0	0
Lithuanian	80	75	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,800	1,615	10	0
Romanian	295	270	0	10
Russian	1,650	1,520	10	0
Slovak	120	85	0	0
Ukrainian	3,495	3,335	15	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	20	15	0	0
Southern European origins	3,055	2,465	35	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	20	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0
Croatian	155	95	0	0
Cypriot	15	15	0	0
Greek	100	90	10	0
Italian	1,985	1,675	15	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	15	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	160	10	0
Serbian	75	60	0	0
Sicilian	20	20	0	0
Slovenian	70	45	0	0
Spanish	365	250	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	100	100	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	190	175	15	10
Basque	10	0	10	0
Jewish	90	80	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	15	15	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	65	65	10	0
Caribbean origins	80	50	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	15	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	15	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	300	230	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	25	0	0
Chilean	20	20	0	0
Colombian	20	15	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	115	105	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	15	10	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	25	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	10	0	0	0
African origins	285	260	0	10
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	10	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	140	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	110	105	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	35	25	0	0
Other African origins	125	110	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	120	105	0	10
Asian origins	1,635	900	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	145	95	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	40	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	405	215	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	345	185	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	0	0
Punjabi	15	10	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,085	585	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	330	160	10	0
Filipino	305	115	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0
Japanese	310	245	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	50	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	15	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	380	370	0	0
Australian	280	270	0	0
New Zealander	95	90	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	43,165	38,625	1,080	100
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,735	6,935	155	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	12,840	11,920	265	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,600	19,765	660	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	5,465	155	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	2,535	2,275	50	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	3,670	3,195	105	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,995	8,030	240	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,530	1,285	50	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,865	4,980	220	10
Bachelor's degree	3,965	3,410	170	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	350	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	145	0	0
Master's degree	1,200	1,000	40	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	100	80	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	43,170	38,625	1,080	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	20,570	18,860	420	50
Education	1,975	1,740	80	10
13. Education	1,980	1,740	85	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	560	505	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	115	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	445	395	15	0
Humanities	880	715	50	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	35	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	165	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	260	220	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	65	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	195	160	10	0
54. History	75	60	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,520	1,310	50	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	125	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	315	15	0
22. Legal professions and studies	260	230	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	15	15	0	0
42. Psychology	285	265	0	0
45. Social sciences	440	360	30	0
Business, management and public administration	3,995	3,490	105	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	20	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	350	310	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,630	3,165	95	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	560	480	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	225	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	115	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	135	105	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	35	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	340	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	295	235	0	0
25. Library science	65	55	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	45	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,860	5,155	155	15
04. Architecture and related services	90	65	0	0
14. Engineering	505	375	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	985	880	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,760	1,565	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,640	1,490	40	10
48. Precision production	880	775	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,030	895	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	475	390	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	555	505	20	0
Health and related fields	3,790	3,315	95	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	415	330	35	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,345	2,955	65	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	30	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,020	1,815	55	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,195	1,020	45	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0
43. Security and protective services	160	155	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	640	610	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	43,165	38,625	1,080	95
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,570	18,860	420	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	22,600	19,765	660	50
Location of study inside Canada	19,955	18,230	620	45
Same as province or territory of residence	12,585	11,755	190	15
Different than province or territory of residence	7,370	6,470	430	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	2,640	1,535	40	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	685	630	15	0
Philippines	130	20	0	0
India	75	35	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	570	550	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	20	0	0	0
France	10	0	15	0
Other	1,145	305	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	43,165	38,625	1,080	95
In the labour force	25,395	23,105	635	60
Employed	23,110	21,035	530	50
Unemployed	2,285	2,075	105	10
Not in the labour force	17,770	15,520	445	40
Participation rate	58.8	59.8	58.8	63.2
Employment rate	53.5	54.5	49.1	52.6
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.0	16.5	16.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	43,165	38,625	1,080	95
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	15,775	13,730	375	35
Worked	27,395	24,890	710	65
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	11,050	10,200	200	30
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	16,345	14,685	510	25
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.2	38.2	44.5
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	28,360	25,730	730	60
a.Management	3,215	2,875	90	10
00 Senior management occupations	245	210	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	650	595	10	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,300	1,160	65	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,010	915	15	10
b.Professional	2,855	2,535	80	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	360	325	10	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	520	455	20	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	315	290	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	305	265	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	695	625	20	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	460	420	10	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	200	165	20	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,505	2,265	65	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	870	785	25	0
32 Technical occupations in health	485	440	15	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	500	430	15	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	110	115	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	535	495	10	0
d.Administration and administrative support	2,925	2,680	70	10
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,075	995	35	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	465	400	0	0
14 Office support occupations	990	935	15	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	385	350	10	0
e.Sales	2,730	2,535	40	15
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	525	485	10	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,180	1,085	25	10
66 Sales support occupations	1,025	965	10	0
f.Personal and customer information services	5,660	4,950	175	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	535	475	10	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	545	500	10	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	975	775	50	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,430	1,275	45	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,175	1,930	60	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,325	3,085	80	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,005	1,865	40	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,320	1,225	40	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,410	2,260	55	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	315	285	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,560	1,480	35	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	535	500	15	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,555	1,430	60	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	400	375	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	530	480	25	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	620	570	30	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,180	1,110	15	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	240	230	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	395	385	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	170	160	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	380	340	10	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	28,355	25,725	725	60
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,565	1,410	50	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	775	685	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	570	525	35	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	205	190	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	575	535	15	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	130	110	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	105	105	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	340	320	10	0
22 Utilities	165	160	0	0
221 Utilities	165	160	0	0
23 Construction	3,185	2,955	70	0
236 Construction of buildings	1,000	895	25	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	540	525	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,645	1,535	50	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,385	2,230	30	0
311 Food manufacturing	180	160	10	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	70	70	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	10	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,030	940	15	0
322 Paper manufacturing	45	45	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	40	35	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	20	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	85	85	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	75	80	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	80	70	0	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	15	15	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	165	155	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	170	170	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	95	85	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	130	125	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	80	80	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	75	70	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	430	395	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	75	60	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	25	25	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	105	110	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	110	105	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	45	40	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,515	3,215	60	20
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	500	470	10	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	100	95	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	80	80	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	295	270	0	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,000	910	15	10
446 Health and personal care stores	295	265	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	200	175	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	235	210	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	160	125	20	0
452 General merchandise stores	380	360	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	210	200	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	55	60	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,610	1,460	55	10
481 Air transportation	105	100	0	0
482 Rail transportation	495	445	25	0
483 Water transportation	60	40	0	0
484 Truck transportation	415	385	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	105	95	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	15	10	0	10
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	220	210	10	0
491 Postal service	90	85	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	75	65	10	0
493 Warehousing and storage	30	20	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	280	270	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	30	25	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	50	45	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	20	0	0
517 Telecommunications	95	90	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	75	70	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	630	610	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	335	320	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	85	85	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	210	205	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	665	595	15	0
531 Real estate	525	475	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	140	125	10	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,310	1,160	40	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,305	1,160	40	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	20	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,295	1,170	20	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,185	1,070	15	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	110	100	0	0
61 Educational services	1,535	1,355	55	10
611 Educational services	1,530	1,355	55	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,620	2,370	40	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	825	735	10	0
622 Hospitals	670	610	15	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	550	495	15	0
624 Social assistance	575	525	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,245	1,085	90	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	120	115	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	260	215	30	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	855	750	60	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,930	2,490	100	10
721 Accommodation services	1,120	910	65	10
722 Food services and drinking places	1,810	1,585	35	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,320	1,235	30	0
811 Repair and maintenance	475	460	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	395	360	20	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	325	305	10	0
814 Private households	125	110	0	0
91 Public administration	1,090	1,000	30	0
911 Federal government public administration	350	320	10	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	285	250	20	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	395	375	10	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	60	55	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	23,110	21,030	530	50
Worked at home	2,285	2,020	70	0
Worked outside Canada	40	35	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,005	3,615	105	10
Worked at usual place	16,780	15,365	360	35
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	28,355	25,725	730	60
English	28,190	25,685	670	55
French	90	20	60	10
Non-official language	40	10	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	10	0	0
English and French	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	30	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	28,355	25,725	725	65
None	27,700	25,450	480	60
English	80	20	45	0
French	390	180	200	0
Non-official language	170	75	0	0
Aboriginal	30	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	50	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	16,780	15,365	355	30
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,640	9,645	230	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,730	3,515	60	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,030	1,870	45	20
Commute to a different province or territory	375	335	25	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	20,785	18,980	460	45
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,520	15,195	310	45
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,245	1,140	30	0
Public transit	225	205	10	0
Walked	1,415	1,265	20	0
Bicycle	865	705	75	0
Other method	520	475	20	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	20,790	18,980	460	45
Less than 15 minutes	11,575	10,570	245	15
15 to 29 minutes	4,915	4,535	95	20
30 to 44 minutes	2,040	1,855	25	0
45 to 59 minutes	725	645	25	0
60 minutes and over	1,530	1,375	65	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	20,785	18,980	460	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,585	1,450	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,715	3,445	55	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,225	4,830	125	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,720	4,290	110	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,240	1,975	45	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,300	3,000	85	15
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	49,770	44,885	1,200	110
Non-movers	42,125	38,045	955	100
Movers	7,650	6,845	245	15
Non-migrants	3,580	3,245	100	0
Migrants	4,070	3,595	145	15
Internal migrants	3,845	3,435	150	10
Intraprovincial migrants	2,390	2,205	55	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,450	1,225	95	10
External migrants	225	160	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	47,930	43,170	1,140	105
Non-movers	29,925	26,995	600	70
Movers	18,010	16,175	540	35
Non-migrants	7,210	6,620	195	0
Migrants	10,800	9,555	345	35
Internal migrants	10,085	9,125	325	35
Intraprovincial migrants	6,330	5,735	145	25
Interprovincial migrants	3,750	3,395	175	10
External migrants	715	435	20	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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