Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Moncton, C

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	480	22,295
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	70,115	46,960	21,925	745	480	22,300
0 to 14 years	10,785	7,965	2,395	200	230	2,495
0 to 4 years	3,575	2,500	875	90	115	920
5 to 9 years	3,795	2,840	820	45	90	840
10 to 14 years	3,415	2,620	705	65	30	735
15 to 64 years	47,645	31,630	15,310	480	225	15,550
15 to 19 years	3,580	2,650	880	40	15	900
20 to 24 years	5,025	3,165	1,750	100	0	1,805
25 to 29 years	5,200	3,285	1,830	65	10	1,865
30 to 34 years	4,960	3,055	1,780	75	50	1,810
35 to 39 years	4,810	3,270	1,465	35	40	1,480
40 to 44 years	4,885	3,320	1,500	40	25	1,520
45 to 49 years	4,625	3,340	1,200	65	20	1,235
50 to 54 years	5,110	3,465	1,575	40	30	1,595
55 to 59 years	5,020	3,205	1,795	10	15	1,800
60 to 64 years	4,435	2,875	1,540	10	10	1,540
65 years and over	11,685	7,370	4,225	65	25	4,250
65 to 69 years	4,000	2,590	1,385	15	0	1,395
70 to 74 years	2,940	1,830	1,080	25	10	1,090
75 to 79 years	2,115	1,245	855	10	10	855
80 to 84 years	1,390	865	510	0	0	515
85 years and over	1,240	840	390	10	0	400
85 to 89 years	865	545	315	10	0	320
90 to 94 years	295	240	55	0	0	60
95 to 99 years	75	55	20	0	0	25
100 years and over	0	10	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.0	40.1	43.4	30.4	25.4	not applicable ...
Median age	40.7	40.1	42.7	28.2	16.6	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	59,330	39,000	19,535	545	250	19,805
Married or living common law	32,640	21,235	10,960	230	215	11,075
Married	24,665	16,425	7,825	205	210	7,925
Living common law	7,975	4,810	3,135	25	0	3,150
Not married and not living common law	26,690	17,770	8,570	315	35	8,730
Never married	17,585	11,470	5,820	270	25	5,950
Separated	2,250	1,580	655	10	0	660
Divorced	3,890	2,660	1,200	30	10	1,215
Widowed	2,960	2,050	895	10	0	900
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	59,325	39,000	19,530	545	250	19,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,905	37,305	18,950	520	130	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,724	39,282	40,906	32,971	20,650	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,545	30,717	33,888	25,214	15,733	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,915	37,315	18,950	520	125	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,399	33,088	34,266	27,812	18,412	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,545	27,815	30,181	23,150	15,733	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,910	33,255	17,080	485	90	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,267	37,900	39,288	30,693	20,263	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,028	28,903	32,335	22,839	11,143	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,850	26,920	13,420	420	95	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,649	7,624	7,756	5,611	8,386	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,289	6,219	6,605	1,040	8,642	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,515	27,910	14,115	420	65	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,794	37,087	39,541	29,200	17,573	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,017	28,701	33,151	21,713	11,585	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.2	86.0	86.6	85.9	67.9	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	71.1	70.6	72.0	71.5	42.5	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.8	14.0	13.4	13.6	31.2	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	59,330	39,005	19,530	545	250	19,800
Without total income	2,425	1,690	585	25	125	595
With total income	56,905	37,310	18,945	520	130	19,210
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.7	97.0	95.4	52.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,715	5,295	2,275	115	too unreliable to be published F	2,330
$10,000 to $19,999	9,815	6,505	3,155	95	too unreliable to be published F	3,200
$20,000 to $29,999	9,520	6,440	2,945	120	too unreliable to be published F	3,005
$30,000 to $39,999	8,165	5,325	2,765	70	too unreliable to be published F	2,800
$40,000 to $49,999	6,795	4,445	2,310	45	too unreliable to be published F	2,330
$50,000 to $59,999	4,285	2,550	1,725	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,735
$60,000 to $69,999	3,085	1,960	1,100	25	too unreliable to be published F	1,110
$70,000 to $79,999	2,440	1,485	945	0	too unreliable to be published F	950
$80,000 to $89,999	1,450	875	550	15	too unreliable to be published F	565
$90,000 to $99,999	940	630	305	0	too unreliable to be published F	310
$100,000 and over	2,695	1,795	880	15	too unreliable to be published F	885
$100,000 to $149,999	1,825	1,180	635	10	too unreliable to be published F	645
$150,000 and over	870	620	240	15	too unreliable to be published F	245
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	59,330	39,005	19,530	545	250	19,800
Without after-tax income	2,415	1,685	580	25	125	590
With after-tax income	56,915	37,315	18,950	520	130	19,210
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.7	97.0	95.4	52.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,915	5,465	2,315	110	too unreliable to be published F	2,365
$10,000 to $19,999	10,545	7,030	3,360	95	too unreliable to be published F	3,405
$20,000 to $29,999	11,625	7,695	3,755	150	too unreliable to be published F	3,830
$30,000 to $39,999	9,920	6,510	3,340	70	too unreliable to be published F	3,370
$40,000 to $49,999	6,410	3,905	2,470	35	too unreliable to be published F	2,490
$50,000 to $59,999	4,120	2,625	1,465	20	too unreliable to be published F	1,480
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	1,565	1,020	10	too unreliable to be published F	1,020
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	880	480	20	too unreliable to be published F	490
$80,000 and over	2,415	1,645	750	15	too unreliable to be published F	755
$80,000 to $89,999	775	505	260	0	too unreliable to be published F	260
$90,000 to $99,999	440	280	160	0	too unreliable to be published F	160
$100,000 and over	1,200	860	330	15	too unreliable to be published F	340
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	59,330	39,005	19,530	545	250	19,805
Without employment income	16,810	11,095	5,410	125	185	5,475
With employment income	42,515	27,910	14,120	420	65	14,330
Percentage with employment income	71.7	71.6	72.3	77.1	26.0	72.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,340	3,605	1,660	65	too unreliable to be published F	1,690
$5,000 to $9,999	3,715	2,435	1,210	60	too unreliable to be published F	1,240
$10,000 to $19,999	6,115	4,270	1,735	80	too unreliable to be published F	1,775
$20,000 to $29,999	6,075	4,155	1,815	100	too unreliable to be published F	1,865
$30,000 to $39,999	5,640	3,625	1,980	35	too unreliable to be published F	2,000
$40,000 to $49,999	4,600	3,045	1,530	30	too unreliable to be published F	1,545
$50,000 to $59,999	2,905	1,685	1,215	0	too unreliable to be published F	1,220
$60,000 to $69,999	2,255	1,375	860	20	too unreliable to be published F	865
$70,000 to $79,999	1,850	1,085	750	10	too unreliable to be published F	755
$80,000 and over	4,020	2,630	1,375	20	too unreliable to be published F	1,385
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	770	470	10	too unreliable to be published F	475
$90,000 to $99,999	750	535	215	0	too unreliable to be published F	220
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,335	685	10	too unreliable to be published F	690
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	59,330	39,000	19,530	545	250	19,805
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	21,600	14,205	7,235	150	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	44,114	43,211	46,816	29,983	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	52,955	52,565	53,986	41,941	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	70,115	46,960	21,925	745	480	22,295
English only	35,830	35,825	0	0	0	0
French only	1,790	0	1,790	0	0	1,790
English and French	31,990	11,130	20,125	745	0	20,495
Neither English nor French	505	10	15	0	485	15
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	70,115	46,965	21,930	745	485	22,300
English	49,625	44,360	5,265	0	0	5,265
French	16,030	435	15,590	0	0	15,590
Non-official language	2,375	1,430	145	320	480	305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,370	1,430	145	315	485	305
English and French	1,340	215	765	365	0	950
English and non-official language	520	515	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	135	0	135	0	0	135
English, French and non-official language	90	10	20	65	0	50
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	485	22,295
None	55,505	42,450	12,125	480	445	12,365
English	7,480	1,015	6,340	95	35	6,380
French	5,800	2,690	3,045	70	0	3,080
Non-official language	1,070	680	345	45	0	365
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,045	655	350	40	0	370
English and French	75	10	10	60	0	40
English and non-official language	70	30	45	0	0	45
French and non-official language	110	95	15	0	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	480	22,300
English	43,365	43,360	0	0	0	0
French	21,390	270	21,120	0	0	21,120
Non-official language	3,930	2,580	465	400	485	665
Aboriginal	45	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,885	2,540	465	395	480	670
English and French	1,105	575	190	335	0	360
English and non-official language	170	165	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	0	150	0	0	150
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	10	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	480	22,295
Official languages	69,610	46,955	21,915	745	0	22,285
English	67,820	46,955	20,120	745	0	20,495
French	33,785	11,130	21,910	745	0	22,285
Non-official languages	5,815	3,505	1,410	425	480	1,620
Aboriginal languages	60	55	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,760	3,445	1,410	425	480	1,620
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	480	22,300
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	1,795	1,215	555	25	0	565
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	1,695	1,150	520	25	0	530
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	890	720	165	15	0	170
Métis	745	385	345	10	0	350
Inuk (Inuit)	55	45	15	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	25	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	80	55	25	0	0	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	68,320	45,745	21,370	720	480	21,730
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	70,115	46,960	21,925	745	480	22,300
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	570	485	85	0	0	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,545	46,480	21,840	745	480	22,210
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	485	22,300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	520	385	135	0	0	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	515	380	125	0	0	130
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	385	295	80	10	0	85
Métis single ancestry	90	50	40	0	0	40
Inuit single ancestry	35	35	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	3,000	1,970	985	45	0	1,005
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	2,900	1,920	935	45	0	955
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,210	1,480	690	40	0	710
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	625	390	230	0	0	235
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	45	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	100	45	55	0	0	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	40	55	0	0	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	66,595	44,610	20,810	695	485	21,155
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	70,115	46,965	21,930	745	480	22,300
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	66,440	44,905	20,885	565	75	21,170
Canadian citizens only	65,355	44,265	20,545	465	75	20,775
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,085	640	340	105	0	390
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	3,680	2,055	1,040	180	405	1,130
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	70,115	46,960	21,925	740	485	22,295
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	64,010	43,205	20,355	400	50	20,550
Immigrants^Footnote 42	5,180	3,425	1,040	315	405	1,190
Before 1981	1,155	870	230	40	10	250
1981 to 1990	225	185	35	0	0	35
1991 to 2000	330	215	90	20	10	100
2001 to 2010	1,305	855	315	110	25	370
2001 to 2005	450	315	85	45	0	115
2006 to 2010	850	540	225	60	25	255
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	2,170	1,305	370	130	360	435
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	925	330	540	35	25	555
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	5,180	3,425	1,035	310	405	1,190
Under 5 years	695	430	160	30	75	170
5 to 14 years	1,175	795	215	60	110	245
15 to 24 years	920	625	200	75	25	240
25 to 44 years	1,985	1,335	400	130	125	460
45 years and over	405	250	65	20	65	75
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	5,180	3,425	1,035	310	400	1,195
Americas	1,005	735	215	50	10	240
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	50	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	35	40	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	0	40	10	0	45
Jamaica	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	0	15	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	670	495	155	15	0	160
Other places of birth in Americas	115	95	15	10	0	15
Europe	1,185	835	310	45	0	335
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	210	10	205	0	0	200
Germany	125	105	15	0	0	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 48	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italy	65	55	10	0	0	10
Netherlands	35	35	0	0	0	0
Poland	35	25	10	0	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	150	105	0	45	0	25
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	10
Serbia^Footnote 49	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	370	365	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	75	55	0	0	60
Africa	895	315	435	110	35	490
Algeria	65	0	40	25	0	55
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	35	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	10	50	0	0	55
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	675	230	340	70	35	375
Asia	2,080	1,530	80	110	365	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 51	425	325	20	0	70	20
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	40	35	0	10	0	10
India	145	135	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 53	45	45	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	25	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	305	260	10	30	10	20
Lebanon	100	30	20	35	20	35
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	205	205	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	290	45	20	0	225	15
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	220	185	0	15	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	230	195	10	10	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	2,165	1,305	370	130	360	440
Americas	120	90	15	10	0	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	0	15	10	0	20
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	35	35	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 59	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	10	0	0	0
Europe	315	150	140	30	0	160
France	110	0	110	0	0	110
Germany	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	125	95	0	35	0	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	20	0	0	20
Africa	380	125	180	40	35	200
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	0	20	0	0	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	70	20	35	15	0	45
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	35	10	0	0	25	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	40	0	25	20	0	35
Other places of birth in Africa	155	60	80	0	15	80
Asia	1,340	940	35	45	320	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	15	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	340	280	0	0	50	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	40	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	35	30	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	10	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	160	135	10	25	0	15
Lebanon	50	10	15	15	25	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	140	140	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	25	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	265	30	10	0	220	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	25	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	160	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	55	45	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	70,115	46,960	21,925	745	480	22,300
First generation^Footnote 71	6,465	4,025	1,645	360	430	1,820
Second generation^Footnote 72	4,705	3,765	785	105	45	840
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	58,945	39,165	19,500	280	0	19,635
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	4,095	2,605	820	275	400	955
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	2,335	1,610	460	175	85	550
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	900	600	225	60	20	250
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	1,435	1,010	240	120	70	300
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	785	550	165	45	30	190
Refugees^Footnote 79	950	435	180	50	290	205
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	20	10	0	0	0	10
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	70,115	46,965	21,925	745	485	22,300
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	5,190	3,085	1,300	335	460	1,475
South Asian^Footnote 83	330	310	15	10	0	20
Chinese	635	485	50	10	95	55
Black	1,830	735	995	85	20	1,040
Filipino	320	310	0	0	10	0
Latin American	195	155	0	30	10	25
Arab	895	285	165	140	305	235
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	345	300	10	15	15	25
West Asian^Footnote 85	55	50	0	0	0	0
Korean	365	310	10	30	15	25
Japanese	85	60	0	15	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	35	25	10	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	100	75	20	0	0	25
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	64,925	43,875	20,620	405	20	20,830
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	70,115	46,960	21,925	745	480	22,300
North American Aboriginal origins	3,520	2,355	1,115	55	0	1,145
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,700	1,815	835	40	0	860
Inuit	105	95	15	0	0	15
Métis	830	490	335	0	0	340
Other North American origins	37,995	22,555	15,180	255	10	15,310
Acadian	4,870	1,565	3,225	80	0	3,260
American	470	370	100	0	0	95
Canadian	34,685	21,235	13,240	205	10	13,340
New Brunswicker	20	0	20	0	0	20
Newfoundlander	30	30	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	105	30	70	0	0	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	43,760	32,275	11,145	330	15	11,310
British Isles origins	30,585	27,395	3,000	185	10	3,090
Channel Islander	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	16,060	14,820	1,140	100	10	1,190
Irish	13,965	12,295	1,580	95	10	1,625
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	12,910	12,040	820	50	0	840
Welsh	830	825	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	1,060	995	55	10	0	60
French origins	20,070	9,845	10,040	185	0	10,135
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,065	9,840	10,040	185	0	10,130
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,615	5,175	390	40	10	410
Austrian	125	125	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	195	95	95	0	0	95
Dutch	1,360	1,285	50	20	0	65
Flemish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,190	3,960	205	20	0	215
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	120	50	0	0	50
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	850	790	50	10	0	55
Danish	250	250	10	0	0	0
Finnish	50	45	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	270	240	20	10	0	25
Swedish	210	205	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	85	60	20	0	0	20
Eastern European origins	1,180	975	125	75	0	165
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0	0	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	35	10	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	15	15	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	145	20	0	0	25
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	325	255	45	20	0	60
Romanian	225	165	10	50	0	35
Russian	160	125	20	10	0	25
Slovak	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	320	310	10	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,750	1,335	360	50	10	385
Albanian	25	20	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	20	0	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	115	10	0	0	15
Italian	1,000	815	165	25	0	175
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	95	100	0	0	95
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	345	230	80	30	0	95
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	30	35	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	250	200	50	10	0	50
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	100	95	0	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	140	100	40	0	0	40
Caribbean origins	365	215	115	35	0	135
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	25	0	10	0	0
Dominican	40	20	15	0	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	125	15	105	0	0	110
Jamaican	75	60	0	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	50	45	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	40	30	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	270	25	25	0	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	55	40	10	0	0	10
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	50	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	50	50	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	60	30	10	20	0	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	30	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	35	30	10	0	0	10
African origins	2,005	710	1,105	140	50	1,180
Central and West African origins	915	200	665	40	10	690
Akan	20	10	20	0	0	20
Angolan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	35	0	35	0	0	35
Cameroonian	90	0	85	0	0	85
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	245	70	145	25	0	160
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	95	0	90	0	0	95
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	0	45	0	0	45
Liberian	35	15	15	0	0	15
Malian	85	0	80	10	0	85
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	35	20	0	0	15
Peulh	40	10	35	0	0	35
Senegalese	70	10	60	0	0	60
Sierra Leonean	20	20	0	0	0	0
Togolese	25	0	15	10	0	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	120	20	100	0	0	100
North African origins	405	105	225	70	10	260
Algerian	80	10	60	10	10	60
Berber	75	15	55	10	0	60
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	145	35	95	15	0	100
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	115	20	65	35	0	80
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	10	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	300	195	70	0	35	70
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	30	0	30	0	0	30
Burundian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	95	65	0	0	35	0
Ethiopian	30	20	10	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	10	0	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	35	35	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	465	260	185	30	0	200
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	35	15	20	0	0	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	435	245	160	30	0	180
Asian origins	3,180	2,340	245	180	415	340
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,035	510	150	100	275	195
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	115	10	60	45	0	80
Armenian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	75	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	80	75	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	270	165	65	40	0	85
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	370	85	10	0	270	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	10
Turk	50	35	10	10	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	20	20	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	350	325	10	10	0	20
Bangladeshi	20	25	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	295	270	15	15	0	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	25	25	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,820	1,520	80	85	130	125
Burmese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	705	545	45	15	95	55
Filipino	360	350	0	0	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	65	10	15	0	10
Karen	70	60	10	0	0	0
Korean	365	310	10	30	15	30
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	195	10	20	15	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	25	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	59,330	39,000	19,530	545	250	19,805
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,010	6,620	3,175	60	150	3,205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	17,270	12,495	4,620	105	50	4,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,050	19,885	11,740	375	50	11,925
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,015	2,590	1,370	55	0	1,400
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	2,300	1,460	795	45	0	815
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	1,715	1,130	575	10	0	580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,150	9,455	4,580	90	20	4,630
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,230	775	440	10	10	445
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,650	7,070	5,335	225	20	5,450
Bachelor's degree	8,790	5,105	3,535	135	20	3,605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	535	360	15	0	370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	185	130	10	0	135
Master's degree	2,230	1,140	1,055	35	0	1,075
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	400	110	255	30	0	275
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	59,330	39,005	19,530	545	250	19,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	27,280	19,115	7,795	165	200	7,875
Education	2,385	1,385	970	25	0	980
13. Education	2,385	1,390	970	25	10	980
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	980	595	375	15	0	380
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	155	50	0	0	45
50. Visual and performing arts	780	440	330	10	0	335
Humanities	1,460	1,000	435	20	10	445
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	75	105	10	0	115
23. English language and literature/letters	300	260	40	0	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	240	85	10	0	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	80	45	0	0	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	125	20	0	0	20
54. History	215	145	65	0	0	65
55. French language and literature/letters	145	70	75	10	0	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,225	2,025	1,140	45	10	1,165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	15	10	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	215	150	10	0	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	645	410	210	10	15	215
22. Legal professions and studies	555	325	235	0	0	235
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	25	15	10	0	0	10
42. Psychology	740	485	245	10	0	250
45. Social sciences	855	565	280	15	0	290
Business, management and public administration	8,705	5,335	3,250	100	15	3,300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	20	10	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	600	280	320	0	0	325
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,070	5,035	2,925	100	15	2,970
Physical and life sciences and technologies	845	480	350	20	0	360
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	470	245	215	10	0	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	135	30	0	0	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	75	90	0	0	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	10	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,575	1,115	430	30	0	445
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,420	1,025	375	15	0	385
25. Library science	65	30	25	10	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	50	30	10	0	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,380	3,425	1,890	65	10	1,920
04. Architecture and related services	85	50	30	0	10	30
14. Engineering	770	450	295	25	0	305
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,390	925	455	10	0	460
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,155	775	380	10	0	380
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,290	820	465	0	0	465
48. Precision production	685	410	265	0	0	275
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	335	250	85	0	0	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	175	30	0	0	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	75	55	0	0	55
Health and related fields	4,740	2,775	1,910	50	0	1,935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	310	140	165	10	0	170
51. Health professions and related programs	4,330	2,580	1,715	35	0	1,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	55	30	10	0	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,420	1,510	890	15	0	900
12. Personal and culinary services	1,490	885	600	10	0	605
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	35	25	0	0	25
43. Security and protective services	425	280	140	0	0	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	440	310	125	10	0	130
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	59,325	39,005	19,530	545	250	19,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,275	19,115	7,795	165	200	7,880
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	32,050	19,890	11,735	375	50	11,925
Location of study inside Canada	29,770	18,295	11,220	255	0	11,345
Same as province or territory of residence	22,365	12,630	9,535	195	10	9,635
Different than province or territory of residence	7,405	5,665	1,680	60	0	1,710
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	2,285	1,595	520	120	45	580
United States^Footnote 130	425	330	95	10	0	100
Philippines	125	125	0	0	0	0
India	90	90	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	150	130	20	0	0	20
China^Footnote 132	225	195	0	0	30	0
France	220	10	210	0	0	215
Other	1,045	715	195	115	20	250
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	59,330	39,000	19,530	545	255	not applicable ...
In the labour force	38,945	25,590	12,885	395	70	not applicable ...
Employed	35,830	23,560	11,860	365	50	not applicable ...
Unemployed	3,110	2,035	1,025	35	15	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	20,385	13,410	6,645	145	185	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.6	65.6	66.0	72.5	27.5	not applicable ...
Employment rate	60.4	60.4	60.7	67.0	19.6	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.9	21.4	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	59,330	39,000	19,530	545	250	19,805
Did not work^Footnote 135	18,825	12,475	6,065	130	155	6,130
Worked	40,500	26,525	13,470	415	95	13,675
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	22,040	14,525	7,340	150	25	7,415
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	18,465	12,000	6,130	265	70	6,265
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.8	42.6	38.9	35.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	41,715	27,415	13,770	435	100	13,990
a.Management	4,020	2,780	1,185	45	10	1,210
00 Senior management occupations	405	275	130	0	0	130
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,245	790	440	15	10	450
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,710	1,235	435	30	10	450
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	665	485	185	0	0	185
b.Professional	7,000	3,960	2,940	90	10	2,985
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,270	810	445	15	0	455
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,180	770	390	20	0	400
30 Professional occupations in nursing	840	430	410	10	0	415
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	590	345	235	10	0	235
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,600	780	790	25	0	805
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,050	610	435	0	0	440
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	465	215	235	15	0	240
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,030	2,545	1,460	25	0	1,475
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,220	820	390	10	0	390
32 Technical occupations in health	910	525	375	0	0	380
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	885	545	335	0	0	340
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	255	165	95	0	0	95
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	760	480	265	10	0	270
d.Administration and administrative support	5,320	3,360	1,935	25	0	1,945
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,060	1,230	815	15	0	820
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	410	255	155	0	0	150
14 Office support occupations	1,875	1,215	650	10	0	660
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	975	665	320	0	0	320
e.Sales	5,565	4,140	1,390	30	0	1,410
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,135	845	285	0	0	285
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,490	1,830	645	15	0	655
66 Sales support occupations	1,945	1,470	465	10	0	470
f.Personal and customer information services	9,610	6,515	2,905	145	45	2,975
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	845	535	290	20	0	295
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	895	630	240	15	0	250
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,525	1,000	485	15	30	490
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,620	2,380	1,170	65	0	1,205
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,730	1,965	720	35	10	735
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,070	1,275	770	15	15	775
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,215	710	485	10	15	490
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	860	565	280	10	10	290
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,540	1,835	670	35	0	690
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	850	620	220	10	0	230
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,255	900	345	15	0	350
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	430	320	105	0	0	110
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	515	355	155	10	0	155
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	130	75	45	0	0	50
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	85	60	20	0	0	20
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	305	225	80	0	0	85
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,035	640	360	15	15	370
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	120	65	55	0	0	55
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	320	160	135	0	10	140
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	215	165	45	0	0	45
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	385	250	125	0	10	130
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	41,715	27,415	13,770	435	95	13,990
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	265	180	85	0	10	85
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	165	110	55	0	0	50
113 Forestry and logging	20	15	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	45	30	15	0	0	15
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	40	30	10	0	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	405	265	130	10	0	130
211 Oil and gas extraction	280	195	85	0	0	85
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	45	30	15	0	0	15
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	80	45	35	0	0	35
22 Utilities	95	70	25	0	0	25
221 Utilities	95	70	30	0	0	25
23 Construction	2,120	1,365	735	10	15	740
236 Construction of buildings	465	295	160	0	10	160
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	325	200	125	0	0	125
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,335	875	450	10	10	455
31-33 Manufacturing	2,245	1,460	750	15	20	760
311 Food manufacturing	665	395	260	0	15	255
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	125	80	40	0	0	40
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	15	10	0	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	105	65	35	0	0	35
322 Paper manufacturing	225	170	50	0	0	50
323 Printing and related support activities	60	40	20	0	0	25
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	60	40	25	0	0	20
325 Chemical manufacturing	50	30	15	0	0	15
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	135	80	55	0	0	55
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	45	30	15	0	0	20
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	225	130	95	0	0	95
333 Machinery manufacturing	85	45	30	0	10	30
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	85	85	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	30	20	10	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	100	80	20	0	0	15
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	105	70	35	0	0	35
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	125	80	45	0	0	45
41 Wholesale trade	1,695	1,280	405	10	0	410
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	45	30	10	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	365	285	80	0	0	80
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	235	170	65	0	0	60
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	195	150	40	0	0	40
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	305	225	85	0	0	85
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	320	235	95	0	0	90
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	150	120	25	0	0	25
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	75	60	15	0	0	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,850	4,325	1,470	50	0	1,495
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	710	480	215	15	0	220
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	280	160	110	10	0	115
443 Electronics and appliance stores	230	185	45	0	0	45
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	335	275	60	0	0	60
445 Food and beverage stores	1,110	865	240	0	0	245
446 Health and personal care stores	610	435	180	0	0	180
447 Gasoline stations	230	175	55	10	0	55
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	650	450	190	10	0	195
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	350	230	115	10	0	120
452 General merchandise stores	890	720	160	10	0	160
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	365	275	90	10	0	90
454 Non-store retailers	95	65	20	0	10	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,385	1,745	595	40	0	620
481 Air transportation	85	50	30	10	0	35
482 Rail transportation	105	50	50	0	0	50
483 Water transportation	20	15	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	775	620	155	0	0	155
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	215	135	60	20	0	70
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	290	240	40	10	0	45
491 Postal service	145	100	50	0	0	50
492 Couriers and messengers	485	335	140	10	0	145
493 Warehousing and storage	270	205	65	0	0	65
51 Information and cultural industries	1,185	715	460	10	0	465
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	220	125	90	0	0	90
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	95	55	40	0	0	40
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	165	55	110	0	0	110
517 Telecommunications	585	410	175	10	0	175
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	25	30	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	90	45	40	10	0	40
52 Finance and insurance	2,270	1,445	805	20	0	810
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	920	590	315	10	0	320
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	175	120	55	0	0	55
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,160	730	420	10	0	425
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	20	0	10	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	600	440	160	10	0	160
531 Real estate	470	335	130	10	0	130
532 Rental and leasing services	125	100	20	0	0	25
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,215	1,455	730	20	10	740
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,215	1,455	735	15	10	740
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	65	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	70	65	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,280	2,245	950	85	0	995
561 Administrative and support services	3,180	2,155	930	85	0	975
562 Waste management and remediation services	105	90	15	0	0	15
61 Educational services	2,810	1,405	1,355	40	0	1,375
611 Educational services	2,805	1,405	1,355	40	10	1,375
62 Health care and social assistance	5,415	3,110	2,230	65	10	2,260
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,170	665	490	20	0	500
622 Hospitals	2,160	1,110	1,020	20	10	1,030
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,050	710	315	20	0	325
624 Social assistance	1,030	615	405	10	10	405
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,145	850	285	10	0	290
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	250	160	90	0	0	85
712 Heritage institutions	60	30	30	0	0	30
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	835	655	170	10	0	170
72 Accommodation and food services	3,680	2,665	940	45	35	955
721 Accommodation services	600	425	175	0	0	175
722 Food services and drinking places	3,080	2,240	765	40	30	785
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,605	1,040	550	15	0	555
811 Repair and maintenance	355	245	105	0	0	105
812 Personal and laundry services	570	360	205	10	0	210
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	570	350	225	0	0	220
814 Private households	110	90	15	10	0	15
91 Public administration	2,380	1,280	1,090	10	0	1,095
911 Federal government public administration	1,340	685	650	0	0	650
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	425	225	200	0	0	200
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	610	375	235	10	0	240
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	35,830	23,560	11,860	360	55	12,040
Worked at home	1,985	1,370	570	40	0	595
Worked outside Canada	120	90	30	0	0	35
No fixed workplace address	2,920	2,050	840	30	0	855
Worked at usual place	30,805	20,050	10,420	295	50	10,560
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	41,720	27,415	13,775	430	95	13,985
English	32,625	25,975	6,470	155	15	6,550
French	6,015	570	5,370	75	0	5,405
Non-official language	175	100	0	0	75	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	175	100	0	0	80	0
English and French	2,780	675	1,920	190	0	2,015
English and non-official language	105	95	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	41,715	27,415	13,775	435	95	13,990
None	28,600	23,035	5,190	305	65	5,345
English	4,030	455	3,505	50	15	3,530
French	8,790	3,700	5,030	65	0	5,060
Non-official language	240	200	25	0	20	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	245	200	25	0	20	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	35	20	0	10	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	30,805	20,050	10,415	295	50	10,560
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,565	15,435	7,885	205	40	7,990
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,320	3,250	2,005	60	0	2,035
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,480	1,060	400	15	0	410
Commute to a different province or territory	440	305	125	20	0	130
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	33,725	22,100	11,260	320	45	11,415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,520	16,430	8,850	215	25	8,955
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,015	2,180	790	30	15	805
Public transit	1,705	1,200	455	45	10	480
Walked	2,725	1,820	875	30	0	890
Bicycle	275	180	95	0	0	95
Other method	480	295	190	0	0	190
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	33,725	22,100	11,260	320	45	11,420
Less than 15 minutes	18,160	11,735	6,225	170	30	6,305
15 to 29 minutes	12,005	7,940	3,940	115	10	3,995
30 to 44 minutes	2,095	1,435	635	20	0	650
45 to 59 minutes	640	445	185	10	10	190
60 minutes and over	830	545	270	10	0	280
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	33,725	22,105	11,255	320	50	11,420
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,170	845	310	10	0	310
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,350	2,200	1,130	15	0	1,140
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,500	7,200	4,210	80	0	4,255
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,940	5,000	2,830	110	0	2,880
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,775	2,600	1,095	45	30	1,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,995	4,255	1,680	55	10	1,705
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	69,370	46,470	21,740	720	445	22,100
Non-movers	56,895	38,155	18,085	565	95	18,370
Movers	12,480	8,320	3,660	155	350	3,735
Non-migrants	7,885	5,505	2,235	120	30	2,290
Migrants	4,590	2,815	1,425	40	320	1,445
Internal migrants	3,600	2,350	1,210	30	10	1,225
Intraprovincial migrants	2,385	1,450	915	15	10	925
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	900	295	15	0	300
External migrants	995	460	215	10	315	220
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	66,540	44,460	21,050	660	370	21,380
Non-movers	36,660	24,560	11,795	270	35	11,935
Movers	29,875	19,900	9,260	390	335	9,450
Non-migrants	17,475	11,935	5,345	180	10	5,440
Migrants	12,400	7,960	3,905	205	325	4,010
Internal migrants	9,825	6,510	3,230	70	10	3,265
Intraprovincial migrants	6,250	3,765	2,470	20	0	2,485
Interprovincial migrants	3,570	2,745	760	55	10	785
External migrants	2,580	1,455	680	130	310	745

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Moncton, C

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.4%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.