Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Saint John, C

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	65,465	58,945	2,780	405
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	65,470	58,945	2,780	400
0 to 14 years	10,015	9,110	170	130
0 to 4 years	3,285	3,040	50	15
5 to 9 years	3,535	3,190	75	45
10 to 14 years	3,190	2,880	50	70
15 to 64 years	43,945	39,500	1,750	235
15 to 19 years	3,525	3,160	90	35
20 to 24 years	4,255	3,840	105	25
25 to 29 years	4,300	3,895	110	20
30 to 34 years	4,105	3,645	100	45
35 to 39 years	3,945	3,510	130	30
40 to 44 years	4,200	3,720	170	25
45 to 49 years	4,320	3,750	275	15
50 to 54 years	5,260	4,730	260	10
55 to 59 years	5,350	4,925	300	10
60 to 64 years	4,685	4,320	205	15
65 years and over	11,515	10,340	860	40
65 to 69 years	3,860	3,550	220	10
70 to 74 years	2,935	2,640	235	0
75 to 79 years	2,055	1,765	210	0
80 to 84 years	1,445	1,275	110	20
85 years and over	1,225	1,110	90	10
85 to 89 years	775	715	50	10
90 to 94 years	365	320	30	0
95 to 99 years	75	70	10	0
100 years and over	0	10	0	0
Average age	42.0	42.0	52.4	31.2
Median age	43.2	43.2	54.5	26.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	55,455	49,835	2,610	275
Married or living common law	29,145	25,645	1,610	125
Married	23,075	20,040	1,325	85
Living common law	6,070	5,610	280	40
Not married and not living common law	26,315	24,195	1,000	145
Never married	16,530	15,230	480	95
Separated	2,210	2,055	100	15
Divorced	4,070	3,770	170	10
Widowed	3,500	3,140	245	30
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	55,455	49,840	2,610	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,735	47,715	2,550	270
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,721	37,878	37,971	32,334
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,036	30,440	30,480	25,243
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,750	47,730	2,550	270
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,970	32,112	32,267	28,511
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,465	27,710	28,044	23,337
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,325	41,015	2,165	235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,662	36,804	36,006	30,537
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,709	29,146	28,103	21,968
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,245	35,655	1,870	205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,343	8,354	10,041	7,444
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,138	7,173	10,723	4,658
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,170	33,765	1,595	215
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,336	37,291	40,335	30,526
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,993	30,251	35,689	21,927
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	83.5	83.5	80.5	82.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	69.8	69.7	66.8	78.4
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	16.5	16.5	19.4	17.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	55,455	49,840	2,610	270
Without total income	2,725	2,125	65	10
With total income	52,735	47,715	2,545	265
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.7	97.5	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,590	6,670	275	45
$10,000 to $19,999	9,405	8,470	500	70
$20,000 to $29,999	9,350	8,435	485	35
$30,000 to $39,999	7,400	6,815	330	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,780	5,275	295	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,855	3,555	180	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,640	2,360	180	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,030	1,880	100	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,500	1,385	40	10
$90,000 to $99,999	995	895	75	10
$100,000 and over	2,190	1,975	80	10
$100,000 to $149,999	1,740	1,585	65	0
$150,000 and over	450	385	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	55,455	49,840	2,610	275
Without after-tax income	2,705	2,105	65	10
With after-tax income	52,750	47,730	2,550	265
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.8	97.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,830	6,875	305	45
$10,000 to $19,999	10,115	9,150	500	70
$20,000 to $29,999	10,980	9,940	580	40
$30,000 to $39,999	8,680	7,960	365	50
$40,000 to $49,999	5,940	5,415	355	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,485	3,180	170	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,480	2,260	140	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,330	1,225	50	10
$80,000 and over	1,915	1,720	85	10
$80,000 to $89,999	760	705	35	0
$90,000 to $99,999	480	440	15	0
$100,000 and over	675	580	30	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	55,455	49,835	2,610	275
Without employment income	18,285	16,070	1,015	55
With employment income	37,175	33,770	1,595	215
Percentage with employment income	67.0	67.8	61.1	78.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,550	4,055	215	25
$5,000 to $9,999	2,880	2,595	80	20
$10,000 to $19,999	5,405	4,900	195	45
$20,000 to $29,999	5,760	5,240	235	40
$30,000 to $39,999	4,805	4,480	145	25
$40,000 to $49,999	3,880	3,540	180	10
$50,000 to $59,999	2,625	2,350	150	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,900	1,715	125	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	1,465	95	10
$80,000 and over	3,745	3,430	165	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,255	1,170	45	10
$90,000 to $99,999	775	710	50	0
$100,000 and over	1,715	1,550	75	0
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	55,455	49,840	2,610	275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	18,915	17,350	845	100
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	43,711	43,413	51,890	39,665
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	51,900	51,346	56,448	49,346
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	65,470	58,945	2,780	405
English only	56,055	53,325	265	80
French only	120	0	60	0
English and French	8,660	5,595	2,460	320
Neither English nor French	635	25	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	65,470	58,945	2,785	400
English	61,360	58,485	1,760	280
French	930	35	885	15
Non-official language	2,190	120	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,190	120	0	0
English and French	285	60	110	110
English and non-official language	650	235	0	0
French and non-official language	35	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	65,465	58,945	2,785	405
None	61,930	57,935	1,645	330
English	1,265	90	525	0
French	1,440	680	610	60
Non-official language	740	205	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	730	200	0	10
English and French	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	65,470	58,945	2,785	405
English	62,025	58,945	270	275
French	2,605	0	2,515	10
English and French	230	0	0	110
Neither English nor French	615	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	2,715	0	2,520	70
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	4.1	0.0	90.5	17.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	65,470	58,945	2,785	405
Official languages	64,830	58,920	2,780	400
English	64,715	58,920	2,725	405
French	8,780	5,595	2,515	320
Non-official languages	4,495	1,085	85	25
Aboriginal languages	25	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,470	1,065	85	25
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	65,470	58,945	2,780	405
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,430	1,275	115	25
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,355	1,200	115	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	825	740	65	10
Métis	495	430	50	15
Inuk (Inuit)	30	30	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	30	30	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	45	50	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	64,035	57,670	2,665	380
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	65,470	58,945	2,785	405
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	310	280	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	65,160	58,665	2,770	400
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	65,470	58,945	2,780	400
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	320	295	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	310	290	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	265	255	0	0
Métis single ancestry	40	35	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	3,175	2,880	245	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	3,050	2,770	230	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,590	2,360	200	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	405	360	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	55	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	130	110	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	100	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	61,970	55,765	2,530	365
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	65,470	58,945	2,780	405
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	62,805	58,280	2,735	400
Canadian citizens only	62,215	57,910	2,715	400
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	590	365	20	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	2,665	665	50	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	65,470	58,945	2,785	405
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	60,745	57,375	2,705	400
Immigrants^Footnote 44	4,075	1,465	55	0
Before 1981	1,105	795	25	10
1981 to 1990	265	140	0	0
1991 to 2000	325	85	10	0
2001 to 2010	825	230	0	0
2001 to 2005	285	80	0	0
2006 to 2010	540	150	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	1,555	220	20	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	650	105	25	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	4,075	1,470	55	0
Under 5 years	530	285	20	0
5 to 14 years	835	310	15	0
15 to 24 years	650	280	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,660	495	15	0
45 years and over	400	95	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	4,075	1,465	55	0
Americas	670	470	20	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0
Mexico	25	10	0	0
Peru	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	410	390	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	145	45	0	0
Europe	1,085	670	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	15	10
Germany	90	40	0	0
Greece	50	10	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	20	15	0	0
Italy	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	0	0	0
Poland	20	0	0	0
Portugal	40	0	0	0
Romania	45	10	0	0
Russian Federation	35	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	570	565	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	15	0	0
Africa	265	65	15	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	45	10	0
Asia	2,040	245	15	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0
China^Footnote 53	535	30	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	10	10	0	0
India	180	80	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	135	10	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	180	10	0	0
Lebanon	70	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	10	0	0
Philippines	130	20	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	345	0	15	0
Taiwan	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	105	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	210	40	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	20	15	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	1,555	220	20	0
Americas	90	65	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	60	55	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	145	25	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	10	0	0
Asia	1,250	120	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	385	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	75	35	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	80	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	85	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	75	15	0	0
Lebanon	60	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	325	0	10	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	65,470	58,945	2,780	400
First generation^Footnote 73	4,910	1,725	100	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	4,375	4,075	55	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	56,180	53,140	2,625	365
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	3,020	705	35	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	1,660	340	15	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	640	125	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	1,020	210	15	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	615	325	0	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	745	45	15	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	10	10	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	65,470	58,945	2,780	405
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	4,560	1,930	70	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	455	200	10	0
Chinese	935	160	0	0
Black	1,395	1,180	50	0
Filipino	215	85	0	0
Latin American	185	50	0	0
Arab	595	60	15	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	150	55	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	255	10	0	0
Korean	205	15	0	0
Japanese	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	25	20	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	115	90	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	60,910	57,010	2,710	405
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	65,470	58,945	2,785	405
North American Aboriginal origins	3,495	3,180	255	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,990	2,735	225	25
Inuit	75	70	0	0
Métis	580	515	50	20
Other North American origins	31,005	29,050	1,680	250
Acadian	1,005	655	295	50
American	680	650	30	0
Canadian	29,880	28,205	1,445	200
New Brunswicker	25	25	0	0
Newfoundlander	90	90	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	20	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	44,835	41,830	1,945	330
British Isles origins	37,920	37,130	500	235
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0
Cornish	15	15	0	0
English	19,965	19,640	170	130
Irish	19,940	19,540	285	95
Manx	10	10	0	0
Scottish	15,270	15,055	120	75
Welsh	1,215	1,170	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	1,200	1,190	10	0
French origins	13,910	11,815	1,830	230
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	13,910	11,810	1,830	235
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,695	4,500	40	25
Austrian	100	100	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	85	75	15	0
Dutch	1,620	1,585	10	10
Flemish	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	3,105	2,975	20	25
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	65	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,190	1,175	10	0
Danish	370	365	10	0
Finnish	35	35	0	0
Icelandic	35	40	0	0
Norwegian	500	500	0	0
Swedish	235	235	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	90	90	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,410	1,130	0	0
Bulgarian	35	35	0	0
Byelorussian	25	0	0	0
Czech	55	45	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	45	50	0	0
Estonian	15	15	0	0
Hungarian	185	165	0	0
Latvian	15	10	0	0
Lithuanian	30	30	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0
Polish	415	350	0	0
Romanian	115	65	0	0
Russian	265	170	0	0
Slovak	30	25	0	0
Ukrainian	425	340	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	25	25	0	0
Southern European origins	1,535	1,220	30	10
Albanian	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	25	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	210	130	10	10
Italian	700	640	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	140	10	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0
Spanish	380	275	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	155	110	10	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	95	55	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	50	45	0	0
Caribbean origins	290	255	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	35	35	0	0
Bermudan	20	15	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	35	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	130	125	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	15	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	20	25	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	250	110	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0
Mexican	85	50	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,010	715	55	0
Central and West African origins	255	80	45	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	75	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	40	15	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	0	35	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	50	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	35	0	0	0
North African origins	105	30	10	0
Algerian	10	0	10	10
Berber	15	0	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	60	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	15	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	20	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	625	555	45	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	80	85	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	545	475	45	0
Asian origins	3,675	1,275	25	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,515	620	10	0
Afghan	20	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	190	35	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	145	10	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	0	0
Israeli	35	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	530	520	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	50	0	0	0
Syrian	460	20	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	15	0	0
Turkmen	15	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	515	225	10	10
Bangladeshi	30	0	10	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	380	185	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	25	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,645	425	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,050	250	10	0
Filipino	215	90	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	20	0	0
Japanese	40	20	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	15	0	0
Thai	30	15	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	30	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	60	0	0
Australian	40	40	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	15	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	15	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	55,455	49,840	2,610	275
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,775	9,495	695	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	18,225	16,865	640	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,455	23,475	1,270	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,180	3,815	250	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	2,105	1,895	135	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	2,075	1,930	110	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,335	11,415	545	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	935	730	80	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,005	7,510	400	40
Bachelor's degree	6,365	5,460	280	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	470	45	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	120	10	0
Master's degree	1,655	1,335	60	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	190	120	20	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	55,460	49,835	2,615	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	29,000	26,360	1,340	155
Education	1,835	1,660	95	10
13. Education	1,835	1,660	95	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	685	600	35	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	150	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	515	450	30	0
Humanities	1,235	1,070	45	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	30	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	290	255	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275	245	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	50	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	180	0	0
54. History	270	255	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	50	20	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	1,875	80	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	20	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	165	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	360	330	20	0
22. Legal professions and studies	335	295	15	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	90	80	10	0
42. Psychology	540	500	20	0
45. Social sciences	545	490	15	0
Business, management and public administration	6,305	5,440	370	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	20	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	550	530	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,730	4,895	355	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	710	570	50	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	215	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	185	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	100	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	70	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,255	1,035	75	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,115	925	65	0
25. Library science	50	50	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	55	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,865	5,235	300	35
04. Architecture and related services	60	55	0	0
14. Engineering	710	495	25	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,200	1,100	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,675	1,540	120	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,445	1,335	60	15
48. Precision production	775	710	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	190	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	125	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	65	10	0
Health and related fields	4,390	4,035	135	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	90	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,195	3,920	110	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	30	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,900	1,760	85	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,045	950	60	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0
43. Security and protective services	395	385	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	440	400	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	55,455	49,835	2,615	275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,000	26,360	1,340	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	26,455	23,480	1,270	120
Location of study inside Canada	24,630	22,765	1,220	115
Same as province or territory of residence	20,195	18,815	930	95
Different than province or territory of residence	4,435	3,955	285	15
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	1,825	715	50	0
United States^Footnote 132	445	370	25	0
Philippines	100	10	0	0
India	70	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	205	195	0	0
China^Footnote 134	255	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Other	740	110	25	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	55,460	49,840	2,610	275
In the labour force	34,145	31,015	1,425	195
Employed	30,865	28,015	1,295	180
Unemployed	3,285	2,995	125	15
Not in the labour force	21,310	18,830	1,190	85
Participation rate	61.6	62.2	54.6	70.9
Employment rate	55.7	56.2	49.6	65.5
Unemployment rate	9.6	9.7	8.8	7.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	55,460	49,835	2,610	275
Did not work^Footnote 137	20,230	17,860	1,125	70
Worked	35,225	31,980	1,490	205
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	19,260	17,635	850	105
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	15,970	14,340	635	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.2	43.1	41.9
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	36,275	32,855	1,520	205
a.Management	2,780	2,450	105	15
00 Senior management occupations	195	155	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	900	795	65	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,255	1,115	25	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	425	390	0	10
b.Professional	5,100	4,480	230	20
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	930	835	45	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	900	745	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	800	755	25	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	410	320	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,055	905	80	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	695	625	45	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	305	290	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	3,700	3,400	140	30
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,330	1,195	65	10
32 Technical occupations in health	895	850	15	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	805	715	40	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	300	300	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	370	340	15	0
d.Administration and administrative support	4,695	4,300	225	25
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,810	1,625	110	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	355	305	30	0
14 Office support occupations	1,790	1,670	65	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	740	710	15	0
e.Sales	4,160	3,875	140	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,025	940	50	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,665	1,545	75	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,470	1,390	20	0
f.Personal and customer information services	9,410	8,440	375	70
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	965	905	15	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,125	1,020	35	15
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,265	1,075	45	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,190	2,820	190	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,855	2,610	80	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,610	2,400	160	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,765	1,605	120	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	850	800	45	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,315	2,115	90	20
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	480	450	15	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,175	1,060	50	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	660	610	25	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	470	435	25	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	105	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	65	55	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	290	280	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,045	960	35	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	490	460	15	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	205	180	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	45	45	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	300	275	15	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	36,275	32,855	1,520	210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	210	180	10	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	90	65	0	10
113 Forestry and logging	35	35	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	60	50	10	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	20	20	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	310	285	10	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	100	85	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	50	45	10	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	165	155	10	0
22 Utilities	490	450	35	0
221 Utilities	490	450	30	10
23 Construction	2,475	2,265	135	10
236 Construction of buildings	555	510	30	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	320	300	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,595	1,455	90	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,960	1,830	50	10
311 Food manufacturing	340	300	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	90	85	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	0	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	20	20	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	130	120	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	345	325	10	10
323 Printing and related support activities	55	50	10	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	285	270	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	30	30	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	90	90	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	90	85	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	40	40	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	220	215	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	55	55	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	20	20	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	30	20	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	30	25	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	75	75	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,385	1,225	70	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	380	340	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	180	160	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	140	130	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	455	395	35	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	130	105	20	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	30	20	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,855	4,525	125	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	510	490	10	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	110	105	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	150	140	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	360	325	10	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,105	1,020	20	0
446 Health and personal care stores	530	505	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	185	180	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	445	385	40	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	210	200	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	770	710	15	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	315	305	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	170	150	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,545	1,390	90	10
481 Air transportation	115	80	30	0
482 Rail transportation	80	70	10	0
483 Water transportation	70	70	0	0
484 Truck transportation	350	330	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	220	180	20	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	310	290	10	0
491 Postal service	205	195	10	10
492 Couriers and messengers	135	125	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	45	40	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	785	685	55	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	125	125	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	40	35	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	65	65	0	0
517 Telecommunications	390	310	45	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	45	45	0	0
519 Other information services	125	115	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,390	1,255	80	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	395	345	20	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	95	90	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	895	815	55	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	455	410	10	0
531 Real estate	375	330	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	85	80	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,275	1,980	90	15
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,275	1,975	90	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	45	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	40	40	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,320	3,080	105	30
561 Administrative and support services	3,215	2,980	100	30
562 Waste management and remediation services	105	95	0	10
61 Educational services	2,015	1,800	115	25
611 Educational services	2,015	1,800	115	25
62 Health care and social assistance	5,505	4,980	190	35
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,210	1,100	30	10
622 Hospitals	2,060	1,880	100	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,060	950	20	10
624 Social assistance	1,175	1,050	45	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	600	545	30	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	245	235	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	55	50	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	300	260	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,060	2,715	65	15
721 Accommodation services	465	405	20	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,595	2,310	50	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,645	1,495	70	0
811 Repair and maintenance	450	415	25	0
812 Personal and laundry services	600	535	25	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	510	465	20	0
814 Private households	85	80	0	0
91 Public administration	1,955	1,725	200	0
911 Federal government public administration	780	650	120	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	520	445	60	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	655	630	20	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	30,860	28,015	1,295	180
Worked at home	1,215	1,070	40	10
Worked outside Canada	105	55	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,010	2,755	125	15
Worked at usual place	26,530	24,130	1,125	150
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	36,275	32,855	1,520	205
English	35,250	32,560	1,180	150
French	390	130	230	20
Non-official language	260	15	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	15	0	0
English and French	315	130	115	35
English and non-official language	60	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	36,275	32,860	1,520	210
None	34,195	31,705	880	180
English	350	110	145	10
French	1,525	980	495	15
Non-official language	165	35	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	40	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,530	24,135	1,125	150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,425	22,250	1,035	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	395	380	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,425	1,250	70	10
Commute to a different province or territory	285	260	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	29,540	26,890	1,250	165
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,500	19,605	965	130
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,305	3,050	105	10
Public transit	1,960	1,755	80	10
Walked	2,330	2,095	80	15
Bicycle	105	85	10	0
Other method	340	305	25	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	29,540	26,890	1,255	170
Less than 15 minutes	14,180	12,870	650	105
15 to 29 minutes	11,820	10,805	445	45
30 to 44 minutes	2,045	1,860	90	10
45 to 59 minutes	770	705	30	10
60 minutes and over	725	650	35	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	29,540	26,890	1,250	170
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,365	1,275	45	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,480	4,195	165	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,535	7,825	415	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,045	6,290	340	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,180	2,765	135	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,935	4,540	150	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	64,790	58,310	2,775	405
Non-movers	54,735	49,690	2,510	340
Movers	10,055	8,625	265	60
Non-migrants	7,235	6,665	175	45
Migrants	2,820	1,960	90	15
Internal migrants	2,045	1,885	80	15
Intraprovincial migrants	1,205	1,130	50	10
Interprovincial migrants	840	750	25	10
External migrants	780	75	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	62,185	55,910	2,735	385
Non-movers	37,825	34,635	1,920	220
Movers	24,360	21,275	820	165
Non-migrants	17,075	15,930	525	120
Migrants	7,285	5,340	295	50
Internal migrants	5,410	4,930	270	50
Intraprovincial migrants	3,460	3,190	165	45
Interprovincial migrants	1,955	1,745	100	10
External migrants	1,875	415	25	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Saint John, C

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 6.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.