Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Brossard, V

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	84,000	10,990	38,370	1,710
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,710
0 to 14 years	13,860	2,460	6,165	710
0 to 4 years	4,670	875	1,980	320
5 to 9 years	4,765	865	2,150	205
10 to 14 years	4,425	720	2,025	180
15 to 64 years	54,585	6,890	23,575	925
15 to 19 years	4,465	730	1,995	180
20 to 24 years	5,035	720	2,275	150
25 to 29 years	5,070	735	2,370	150
30 to 34 years	5,550	780	2,290	110
35 to 39 years	6,065	830	2,265	125
40 to 44 years	5,760	620	2,035	55
45 to 49 years	5,555	725	2,085	50
50 to 54 years	5,745	635	2,410	55
55 to 59 years	5,725	535	2,900	35
60 to 64 years	5,620	570	2,945	15
65 years and over	15,550	1,640	8,635	80
65 to 69 years	5,530	630	2,940	40
70 to 74 years	4,215	400	2,490	10
75 to 79 years	2,815	290	1,540	0
80 to 84 years	1,670	160	945	15
85 years and over	1,325	160	720	10
85 to 89 years	910	110	475	10
90 to 94 years	335	35	195	0
95 to 99 years	70	10	50	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.5	36.9	43.3	23.3
Median age	41.6	35.4	44.4	19.4
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	70,140	8,530	32,210	1,005
Married or living common law	42,310	4,545	18,140	385
Married	33,685	3,550	12,125	265
Living common law	8,625	995	6,015	125
Not married and not living common law	27,830	3,985	14,065	615
Never married	19,090	2,975	9,700	560
Separated	1,080	130	415	15
Divorced	4,520	565	2,425	35
Widowed	3,130	325	1,525	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	70,140	8,530	32,210	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,315	8,115	31,140	905
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,118	47,358	52,415	41,784
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,402	33,887	41,021	29,297
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,335	8,110	31,155	905
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,438	37,584	41,452	33,394
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,004	30,064	35,310	27,011
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,290	7,285	28,810	830
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,351	46,232	49,582	40,893
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,544	31,651	36,777	27,481
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,680	6,065	22,865	700
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,196	7,807	8,913	5,337
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,635	5,281	8,440	1,572
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,620	6,000	22,070	730
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,969	46,675	49,206	42,752
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,856	32,790	37,243	29,411
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.1	87.7	87.5	90.3
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	68.9	72.9	66.5	83.1
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.9	12.3	12.5	10.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	70,140	8,525	32,205	1,005
Without total income	2,825	415	1,065	100
With total income	67,315	8,115	31,140	905
Percentage with total income	96.0	95.2	96.7	90.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,665	1,155	3,275	180
$10,000 to $19,999	12,305	1,330	4,605	180
$20,000 to $29,999	8,940	1,135	3,680	105
$30,000 to $39,999	7,760	1,050	3,615	70
$40,000 to $49,999	6,995	865	3,485	105
$50,000 to $59,999	5,590	695	3,110	70
$60,000 to $69,999	4,015	515	2,285	45
$70,000 to $79,999	3,140	385	1,850	55
$80,000 to $89,999	2,325	220	1,305	35
$90,000 to $99,999	1,465	160	890	10
$100,000 and over	5,120	605	3,040	45
$100,000 to $149,999	3,445	365	2,000	25
$150,000 and over	1,670	240	1,040	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	70,140	8,530	32,205	1,005
Without after-tax income	2,800	415	1,050	95
With after-tax income	67,335	8,110	31,160	905
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	95.1	96.8	90.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,140	1,180	3,615	190
$10,000 to $19,999	12,815	1,405	4,820	175
$20,000 to $29,999	10,710	1,460	4,470	135
$30,000 to $39,999	10,115	1,265	5,025	100
$40,000 to $49,999	8,040	1,000	4,275	110
$50,000 to $59,999	5,250	665	2,980	80
$60,000 to $69,999	3,765	370	2,145	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,240	270	1,315	0
$80,000 and over	4,260	485	2,520	50
$80,000 to $89,999	1,355	150	745	10
$90,000 to $99,999	770	65	425	0
$100,000 and over	2,130	265	1,345	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	70,140	8,530	32,205	1,000
Without employment income	22,520	2,525	10,135	275
With employment income	47,620	6,000	22,070	730
Percentage with employment income	67.9	70.3	68.5	73.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,520	765	3,375	95
$5,000 to $9,999	3,970	440	1,540	80
$10,000 to $19,999	7,045	850	2,600	130
$20,000 to $29,999	5,325	735	2,030	80
$30,000 to $39,999	5,000	690	2,070	70
$40,000 to $49,999	4,290	575	1,955	60
$50,000 to $59,999	3,710	540	1,835	65
$60,000 to $69,999	2,800	345	1,550	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,425	315	1,380	45
$80,000 and over	6,530	750	3,730	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,590	165	870	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,020	105	555	10
$100,000 and over	3,920	480	2,300	50
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	70,140	8,525	32,205	1,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	21,365	2,855	9,845	320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,885	49,956	58,475	52,554
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	62,738	67,042	70,271	69,165
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,710
English only	9,405	2,960	35	20
French only	18,675	30	13,245	45
English and French	52,210	7,970	25,025	1,635
Neither English nor French	3,710	25	70	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	84,000	10,985	38,375	1,710
English	14,725	9,165	1,150	375
French	39,630	575	34,650	240
Non-official language	22,185	435	790	255
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	22,185	435	795	255
English and French	1,765	305	620	480
English and non-official language	1,745	420	20	55
French and non-official language	2,525	0	930	60
English, French and non-official language	1,420	90	200	245
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	84,000	10,990	38,370	1,710
None	56,430	7,475	30,880	1,060
English	8,965	495	4,550	130
French	8,020	2,125	1,115	225
Non-official language	7,335	665	1,435	115
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,330	665	1,435	120
English and French	1,860	45	85	155
English and non-official language	690	10	265	15
French and non-official language	620	165	40	10
English, French and non-official language	85	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	84,000	10,990	38,370	1,710
English	21,385	10,955	35	430
French	47,860	30	38,335	310
English and French	11,140	0	0	975
Neither English nor French	3,610	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	26,955	10,955	35	920
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	32.1	99.7	0.1	53.8
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	84,005	10,985	38,370	1,710
Official languages	80,290	10,960	38,300	1,705
English	61,615	10,930	25,055	1,655
French	70,885	8,000	38,270	1,685
Non-official languages	42,715	2,725	6,510	890
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	42,720	2,730	6,510	890
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,710
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	370	120	240	0
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	350	120	225	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	205	80	130	0
Métis	135	40	90	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	20	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	83,635	10,865	38,130	1,705
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,710
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	120	45	70	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	83,885	10,940	38,300	1,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,715
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	245	30	220	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	235	30	210	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	190	20	170	0
Métis single ancestry	45	10	35	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	1,200	325	835	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	1,185	305	835	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,015	270	715	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	20	115	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	20	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	82,555	10,635	37,320	1,670
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	84,000	10,985	38,375	1,710
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	76,040	10,470	37,275	1,635
Canadian citizens only	67,290	9,950	35,315	1,485
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	8,750	525	1,960	155
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	7,960	515	1,095	70
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	84,000	10,985	38,370	1,710
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	50,730	8,625	33,835	1,395
Immigrants^Footnote 44	32,350	2,305	4,415	310
Before 1981	6,805	995	1,070	50
1981 to 1990	4,455	330	480	55
1991 to 2000	6,965	300	675	30
2001 to 2010	9,190	400	1,405	115
2001 to 2005	4,530	225	685	50
2006 to 2010	4,655	175	715	65
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	4,940	280	780	55
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	920	55	120	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	32,350	2,310	4,415	310
Under 5 years	2,585	260	710	55
5 to 14 years	5,215	395	865	65
15 to 24 years	6,360	580	755	75
25 to 44 years	15,460	930	1,885	95
45 years and over	2,735	145	195	15
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	32,350	2,310	4,415	310
Americas	5,365	915	635	55
Brazil	165	0	15	0
Colombia	1,135	0	30	10
El Salvador	105	0	0	0
Guyana	85	85	0	0
Haiti	750	20	370	10
Jamaica	115	115	0	0
Mexico	230	0	15	0
Peru	640	0	35	0
Trinidad and Tobago	260	255	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	320	195	65	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,555	230	105	30
Europe	5,880	310	1,255	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	0	0
Croatia	45	15	0	0
France	1,005	0	925	0
Germany	175	10	45	0
Greece	585	15	0	0
Hungary	125	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	315	0	20	0
Netherlands	20	0	10	0
Poland	250	0	10	0
Portugal	460	15	15	0
Romania	1,040	0	55	0
Russian Federation	310	10	10	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	215	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	240	200	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,070	30	155	10
Africa	5,730	205	1,985	130
Algeria	700	10	220	10
Egypt	935	70	190	35
Ethiopia	30	0	0	0
Kenya	50	20	0	0
Morocco	1,355	0	430	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,630	100	1,140	70
Asia	15,340	870	540	115
Afghanistan	1,135	15	25	0
Bangladesh	275	10	0	0
China^Footnote 53	5,640	175	125	30
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	1,265	45	0	10
India	845	185	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	460	10	10	0
Iraq	195	35	0	0
Japan	65	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	165	0	10	10
Lebanon	670	10	130	20
Pakistan	550	70	10	10
Philippines	490	130	10	10
Sri Lanka	165	25	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	235	10	10	0
Taiwan	405	10	0	0
Viet Nam	1,450	40	135	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,330	90	70	25
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	30	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	4,945	275	775	55
Americas	1,245	70	110	20
Brazil	25	0	0	0
Colombia	525	0	0	0
Cuba	40	0	0	0
Haiti	130	0	65	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0
Mexico	70	0	10	0
United States^Footnote 60	75	45	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	165	10	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	200	10	0	0
Europe	495	25	165	10
France	155	0	135	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	55	0	0	0
Romania	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	10	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	25	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	140	15	20	10
Africa	1,190	40	440	30
Algeria	85	0	15	0
Cameroon	40	0	30	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	0	25	0
Egypt	165	30	45	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	165	0	30	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	85	0	30	0
Other places of birth in Africa	590	0	265	30
Asia	2,005	145	55	0
Afghanistan	165	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	1,070	35	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	20	0	0	0
India	75	10	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	90	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	0	20	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	110	20	0	0
Philippines	40	30	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	150	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0
Viet Nam	90	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	10	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	84,000	10,990	38,370	1,710
First generation^Footnote 73	33,655	2,495	4,660	325
Second generation^Footnote 74	17,460	4,110	6,055	850
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	32,890	4,385	27,655	535
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	26,105	1,340	3,430	260
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	15,545	725	2,415	180
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	6,515	305	995	45
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	9,030	420	1,415	140
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	6,425	470	635	45
Refugees^Footnote 81	3,835	135	355	20
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	300	10	35	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	84,000	10,990	38,375	1,710
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	36,060	4,330	6,330	850
South Asian^Footnote 85	3,905	1,110	300	120
Chinese	11,960	830	780	300
Black	4,360	1,195	2,285	65
Filipino	760	360	20	25
Latin American	3,600	75	330	35
Arab	5,030	220	1,440	110
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	2,440	135	515	40
West Asian^Footnote 87	2,060	30	165	40
Korean	265	20	25	25
Japanese	120	20	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	500	105	185	55
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	1,065	225	270	45
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	47,945	6,655	32,040	855
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	84,000	10,990	38,375	1,710
North American Aboriginal origins	1,445	350	1,055	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,230	305	895	25
Inuit	40	30	10	0
Métis	205	30	160	15
Other North American origins	26,295	2,850	22,560	515
Acadian	220	30	190	10
American	415	185	215	10
Canadian	24,955	2,655	21,465	485
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,070	35	995	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,665	6,400	15,710	765
British Isles origins	7,540	4,130	2,880	380
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	2,800	1,860	635	210
Irish	4,020	1,985	1,820	195
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,390	1,580	615	165
Welsh	85	80	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	540	445	65	25
French origins	14,365	1,610	12,105	380
Alsatian	20	0	20	0
Breton	80	0	80	0
Corsican	10	0	15	0
French	14,295	1,605	12,035	385
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,420	670	1,185	105
Austrian	120	70	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	530	75	380	45
Dutch	190	90	85	10
Flemish	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,500	475	595	65
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	235	35	155	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	230	140	85	0
Danish	80	55	25	10
Finnish	25	20	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	75	40	40	0
Swedish	40	25	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	0	10	0
Eastern European origins	5,100	1,055	790	130
Bulgarian	465	30	80	0
Byelorussian	35	0	0	0
Czech	130	40	20	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	15	15	10	0
Estonian	15	10	0	0
Hungarian	470	145	90	60
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	140	75	35	0
Moldovan	155	10	10	0
Polish	1,200	455	260	30
Romanian	1,510	70	205	30
Russian	1,015	200	70	15
Slovak	55	15	0	0
Ukrainian	790	225	100	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,360	1,895	1,925	280
Albanian	115	15	0	10
Bosnian	35	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	140	60	35	10
Cypriot	10	0	0	0
Greek	2,010	495	130	20
Italian	3,270	945	1,120	140
Kosovar	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0
Portuguese	1,430	255	285	55
Serbian	75	15	10	15
Sicilian	40	40	0	0
Slovenian	70	15	10	0
Spanish	1,655	190	405	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	55	10	20	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	395	70	105	15
Basque	25	0	10	0
Jewish	255	40	20	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	115	25	75	15
Caribbean origins	2,875	1,040	1,255	50
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	15	0	0	10
Barbadian	165	160	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	30	30	0	0
Cuban	245	45	40	25
Dominican	165	10	80	10
Grenadian	70	55	10	0
Guadeloupean	40	0	35	0
Haitian	1,510	75	1,090	15
Jamaican	325	310	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	210	185	25	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	70	70	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	225	195	25	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	45	25	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,710	360	730	60
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	135	25	15	0
Arawak	10	10	0	0
Argentinian	165	0	40	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	15	0	0
Brazilian	170	10	25	10
Chilean	600	0	155	0
Colombian	1,365	10	110	10
Costa Rican	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	50	10	15	0
Guatemalan	40	0	10	0
Guyanese	150	140	10	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0
Honduran	35	0	0	0
Maya	30	0	0	0
Mexican	370	25	60	0
Nicaraguan	30	0	10	10
Panamanian	30	10	0	0
Paraguayan	25	10	0	0
Peruvian	970	30	245	10
Salvadorean	180	0	25	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0
Venezuelan	500	65	35	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	145	0	40	0
African origins	7,165	750	3,230	205
Central and West African origins	1,055	20	800	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	75	0	65	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	330	0	270	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	110	0	80	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	10	0
Gabonese	35	0	30	0
Gambian	25	0	20	0
Ghanaian	30	15	20	0
Guinean	75	0	50	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	70	0	75	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	0	15	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	0
Peulh	25	0	25	0
Senegalese	135	0	85	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	70	0	55	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	115	10	75	0
North African origins	4,415	295	1,795	150
Algerian	790	25	360	25
Berber	470	10	200	0
Coptic	60	30	0	20
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	1,285	185	385	80
Libyan	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,715	45	815	25
Sudanese	40	10	0	0
Tunisian	260	10	160	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	40	10	15	0
Southern and East African origins	945	125	365	40
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	10	0
Burundian	45	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	85	35	10	0
Ethiopian	40	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	20	15	0
Malagasy	180	0	95	0
Mauritian	370	60	145	35
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	85	0	40	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	0	25	0
South African	30	15	15	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	15	0	15	0
Other African origins	850	335	335	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	50	45	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	800	295	335	0
Asian origins	27,115	3,270	3,265	705
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,675	450	1,350	145
Afghan	1,630	25	135	35
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	1,090	75	340	15
Armenian	495	50	105	15
Assyrian	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	170	10	30	10
Iranian	745	45	55	15
Iraqi	305	25	15	10
Israeli	35	15	10	0
Jordanian	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,485	160	485	40
Palestinian	405	40	55	0
Pashtun	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	10	10	0
Syrian	460	40	140	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	255	0	45	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	85	20	15	0
South Asian origins	4,195	1,335	360	180
Bangladeshi	185	10	0	15
Bengali	145	20	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,805	990	290	130
Goan	10	10	0	0
Gujarati	55	0	10	10
Kashmiri	15	10	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0
Pakistani	825	235	40	15
Punjabi	100	35	0	10
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0
Sri Lankan	255	75	10	0
Tamil	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	110	25	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	16,480	1,555	1,605	405
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	280	20	100	0
Chinese	13,035	1,000	1,110	325
Filipino	845	395	40	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	0	15	10
Japanese	185	35	10	15
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	270	20	20	20
Laotian	175	10	20	10
Malaysian	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	250	50	10	0
Thai	60	0	0	10
Tibetan	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,190	120	480	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	0	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	60	0	15	0
Oceania origins	15	0	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0
Fijian	10	0	15	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	70,140	8,530	32,205	1,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,195	1,020	4,225	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	15,045	2,380	6,535	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,900	5,125	21,450	675
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,675	700	4,000	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	4,690	485	2,890	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	1,980	215	1,110	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,685	1,815	6,340	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,275	295	1,790	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,265	2,310	9,315	365
Bachelor's degree	14,340	1,600	6,130	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,050	200	795	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	570	30	210	0
Master's degree	4,515	415	1,940	65
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	785	65	240	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	70,140	8,525	32,210	1,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	25,235	3,400	10,760	330
Education	2,630	300	1,545	30
13. Education	2,635	300	1,540	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,670	275	750	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	20	120	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,465	250	630	20
Humanities	2,570	335	1,270	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	575	55	270	10
23. English language and literature/letters	220	70	20	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,000	115	630	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	15	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	10	35	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	25	50	0
54. History	210	45	85	0
55. French language and literature/letters	350	20	165	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,635	830	1,935	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	25	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	465	55	295	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	615	65	250	15
22. Legal professions and studies	905	45	530	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	105	0	60	0
42. Psychology	575	140	245	10
45. Social sciences	1,915	520	525	55
Business, management and public administration	12,800	1,315	6,450	195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	20	170	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,490	1,295	6,270	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,155	255	820	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	610	60	190	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	575	100	255	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	150	0	95	0
40. Physical sciences	765	95	245	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	0	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,775	315	1,075	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,270	255	875	20
25. Library science	90	10	50	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	360	55	120	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	65	0	40	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,210	760	3,660	110
04. Architecture and related services	355	20	130	15
14. Engineering	3,785	270	1,155	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,380	125	780	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,055	150	675	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,090	105	600	15
48. Precision production	540	95	315	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	370	20	180	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	265	10	115	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	15	65	0
Health and related fields	5,125	555	2,635	95
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	25	165	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,715	515	2,405	90
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	130	10	65	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,960	160	1,135	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,225	105	670	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	320	25	245	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	35	210	0
Other	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	70,140	8,530	32,210	1,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,240	3,405	10,760	330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	44,900	5,125	21,450	675
Location of study inside Canada	34,740	4,370	20,030	570
Same as province or territory of residence	33,355	4,015	19,465	545
Different than province or territory of residence	1,390	355	560	30
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	10,155	755	1,415	105
United States^Footnote 132	535	165	130	10
Philippines	290	60	0	0
India	335	60	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	360	120	55	10
China^Footnote 134	1,690	25	0	0
France	855	15	560	15
Other	6,095	310	675	70
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	70,140	8,525	32,210	1,005
In the labour force	44,070	5,565	19,510	750
Employed	40,785	5,120	18,235	685
Unemployed	3,285	445	1,280	65
Not in the labour force	26,070	2,965	12,695	250
Participation rate	62.8	65.3	60.6	74.6
Employment rate	58.1	60.1	56.6	68.2
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.0	6.6	8.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	70,140	8,530	32,205	1,005
Did not work^Footnote 137	24,785	2,785	11,725	280
Worked	45,355	5,745	20,480	725
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	21,955	2,950	10,055	330
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	23,400	2,795	10,425	400
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.7	42.7	41.5
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	46,885	5,965	21,025	760
a.Management	5,780	810	2,710	80
00 Senior management occupations	1,075	140	590	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,115	335	1,160	35
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,915	245	635	30
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	670	90	325	10
b.Professional	11,050	1,295	5,280	190
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,880	340	1,465	65
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	3,345	340	1,355	45
30 Professional occupations in nursing	735	105	390	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	815	45	410	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,625	235	765	25
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,120	175	625	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	535	65	270	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,680	575	2,235	85
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,475	210	645	25
32 Technical occupations in health	710	60	360	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,205	135	525	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	205	20	150	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,085	155	550	35
d.Administration and administrative support	6,245	850	3,075	70
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,015	370	1,620	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	415	80	195	0
14 Office support occupations	2,055	305	870	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	755	90	390	15
e.Sales	5,435	725	2,395	125
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,195	180	510	45
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,485	340	1,140	65
66 Sales support occupations	1,760	205	745	20
f.Personal and customer information services	8,895	1,210	3,085	165
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	550	90	210	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	585	75	265	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,340	245	505	30
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,950	415	1,220	70
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,470	390	885	50
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,670	145	1,000	15
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	955	90	580	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	715	50	410	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,595	190	730	30
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	345	60	170	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,035	90	425	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	215	40	135	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	25	95	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	50	15	20	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	35	10	15	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	110	10	65	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,340	130	420	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	160	10	80	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	505	40	125	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	270	40	115	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	400	45	100	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	46,885	5,965	21,025	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	10	70	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	90	15	50	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	15	0	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	20	20	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	30	10	15	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	20	10	0	0
22 Utilities	380	15	280	10
221 Utilities	380	20	280	0
23 Construction	1,475	175	835	0
236 Construction of buildings	485	45	270	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	210	15	140	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	780	115	430	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,840	445	1,605	50
311 Food manufacturing	615	20	220	15
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	80	15	50	0
313 Textile mills	10	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	30	15	10	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	330	25	45	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	20	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	65	10	30	0
322 Paper manufacturing	130	25	75	10
323 Printing and related support activities	145	15	90	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	280	20	140	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	190	25	45	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	100	15	70	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	80	20	15	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	200	40	110	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	275	40	110	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	230	25	95	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	150	10	75	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	630	85	270	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	90	0	65	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	190	30	75	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,860	280	710	15
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	30	10	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	300	45	95	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	470	80	135	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	105	15	65	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	225	25	120	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	355	45	175	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	210	25	75	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	160	20	45	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,910	735	2,735	135
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	460	55	300	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	275	40	135	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	210	70	45	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	315	40	195	20
445 Food and beverage stores	1,400	115	590	35
446 Health and personal care stores	670	60	360	25
447 Gasoline stations	105	10	45	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,145	175	460	35
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	255	50	140	0
452 General merchandise stores	565	65	265	10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	355	45	130	0
454 Non-store retailers	155	20	60	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,950	300	770	30
481 Air transportation	190	45	85	0
482 Rail transportation	135	20	60	10
483 Water transportation	70	15	15	10
484 Truck transportation	400	40	155	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	505	15	215	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	340	95	120	0
491 Postal service	95	10	70	0
492 Couriers and messengers	145	60	30	10
493 Warehousing and storage	75	15	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,875	270	970	30
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	440	75	240	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	220	45	115	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	135	0	105	0
517 Telecommunications	905	115	445	15
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	45	0	10	0
519 Other information services	130	25	55	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,560	425	1,705	85
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	2,000	215	900	60
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	545	60	270	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	985	150	510	20
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	30	0	20	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,045	150	430	30
531 Real estate	900	125	355	35
532 Rental and leasing services	125	25	65	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	15	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,110	655	2,360	70
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,110	655	2,360	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	10	25	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	50	15	25	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,235	310	1,005	40
561 Administrative and support services	2,165	310	955	40
562 Waste management and remediation services	75	0	50	0
61 Educational services	3,025	500	1,445	45
611 Educational services	3,025	500	1,445	45
62 Health care and social assistance	4,780	575	2,270	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,275	125	665	15
622 Hospitals	1,720	300	855	25
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	570	55	290	0
624 Social assistance	1,210	85	470	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	860	110	505	30
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	275	30	160	15
712 Heritage institutions	20	0	10	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	570	80	345	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,810	570	1,185	70
721 Accommodation services	465	45	135	0
722 Food services and drinking places	4,345	525	1,045	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,790	235	755	20
811 Repair and maintenance	375	35	135	0
812 Personal and laundry services	680	90	255	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	590	75	305	0
814 Private households	150	30	65	0
91 Public administration	2,155	170	1,355	35
911 Federal government public administration	910	120	465	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	570	0	390	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	645	35	495	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	20	0	10	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	40,785	5,120	18,235	680
Worked at home	3,335	405	1,390	55
Worked outside Canada	260	30	45	10
No fixed workplace address	3,140	425	1,355	90
Worked at usual place	34,060	4,255	15,440	535
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	46,885	5,965	21,025	760
English	10,095	3,215	1,660	95
French	26,920	1,655	17,220	265
Non-official language	1,650	25	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,645	20	15	0
English and French	7,280	1,030	2,075	385
English and non-official language	330	25	10	10
French and non-official language	170	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	440	15	25	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	46,885	5,970	21,025	760
None	24,955	2,800	11,110	515
English	14,335	1,365	8,340	170
French	5,470	1,720	1,385	60
Non-official language	1,540	70	105	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,540	65	100	0
English and French	95	0	0	0
English and non-official language	350	0	80	0
French and non-official language	140	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	34,060	4,255	15,440	530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,795	795	3,075	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,200	675	3,385	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20,935	2,750	8,955	315
Commute to a different province or territory	130	40	20	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	37,195	4,685	16,795	625
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,685	2,775	11,280	385
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,545	250	500	25
Public transit	10,525	1,450	4,245	185
Walked	890	125	470	10
Bicycle	275	45	175	20
Other method	270	40	120	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	37,190	4,685	16,795	620
Less than 15 minutes	5,950	730	3,025	125
15 to 29 minutes	10,840	1,340	5,370	170
30 to 44 minutes	10,065	1,270	4,325	160
45 to 59 minutes	5,940	765	2,550	100
60 minutes and over	4,395	585	1,515	70
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	37,195	4,685	16,795	625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,765	220	930	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,595	680	2,770	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,240	1,310	5,525	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,845	1,040	3,435	155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,880	755	1,960	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,865	680	2,170	90
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	83,200	10,845	38,035	1,650
Non-movers	74,680	9,710	34,270	1,495
Movers	8,520	1,135	3,760	155
Non-migrants	3,875	475	1,635	75
Migrants	4,645	655	2,125	75
Internal migrants	3,640	565	1,935	80
Intraprovincial migrants	3,420	475	1,875	70
Interprovincial migrants	220	90	55	0
External migrants	1,000	95	190	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	79,330	10,105	36,390	1,390
Non-movers	51,420	7,020	24,800	940
Movers	27,910	3,095	11,590	455
Non-migrants	11,775	1,325	4,830	200
Migrants	16,130	1,770	6,760	255
Internal migrants	11,730	1,530	6,140	195
Intraprovincial migrants	11,050	1,320	5,985	190
Interprovincial migrants	680	210	155	10
External migrants	4,405	240	620	55

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Brossard, V

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.