Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Wellington

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	219,415	180,115	2,575	500
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	219,415	180,115	2,570	500
0 to 14 years	39,060	34,235	200	155
0 to 4 years	12,665	10,995	85	25
5 to 9 years	13,125	11,545	55	75
10 to 14 years	13,275	11,700	65	50
15 to 64 years	146,990	119,875	1,875	305
15 to 19 years	14,115	12,090	110	35
20 to 24 years	15,370	13,085	105	70
25 to 29 years	14,140	11,935	170	20
30 to 34 years	13,960	11,365	130	40
35 to 39 years	13,405	10,665	225	25
40 to 44 years	14,195	11,120	220	30
45 to 49 years	15,120	11,775	195	25
50 to 54 years	17,305	13,985	275	30
55 to 59 years	16,020	13,060	260	25
60 to 64 years	13,360	10,795	190	15
65 years and over	33,365	26,005	495	35
65 to 69 years	11,305	9,160	180	0
70 to 74 years	8,335	6,435	165	15
75 to 79 years	5,850	4,380	65	0
80 to 84 years	4,140	3,140	55	10
85 years and over	3,735	2,885	30	10
85 to 89 years	2,735	2,140	20	10
90 to 94 years	815	600	10	0
95 to 99 years	165	130	0	0
100 years and over	20	15	0	0
Average age	39.7	38.8	46.3	30.4
Median age	39.9	38.4	49.0	24.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	180,355	145,875	2,375	345
Married or living common law	109,510	86,235	1,490	165
Married	92,250	70,745	1,225	135
Living common law	17,260	15,490	270	35
Not married and not living common law	70,850	59,645	885	180
Never married	47,920	40,990	490	135
Separated	4,975	4,190	95	10
Divorced	9,540	7,950	150	25
Widowed	8,410	6,510	150	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	180,355	145,875	2,375	345
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	174,030	140,850	2,325	325
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,724	50,191	51,996	45,157
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,846	38,899	43,031	34,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	174,080	140,900	2,320	325
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,314	41,315	43,159	37,838
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,951	34,707	38,443	30,508
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	162,140	132,195	2,190	300
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,101	48,365	49,394	45,126
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,948	36,760	40,122	34,458
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	118,565	95,425	1,545	250
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,106	7,084	8,146	4,523
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,841	3,891	6,762	1,446
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,135	111,985	1,735	265
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,499	47,253	51,822	44,710
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,946	37,184	44,517	35,997
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	90.1	90.4	89.5	92.2
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	74.7	74.9	74.6	83.5
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	9.9	9.6	10.4	7.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	180,360	145,875	2,375	345
Without total income	6,320	5,025	50	20
With total income	174,030	140,850	2,320	320
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.6	97.7	92.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	22,345	17,320	215	50
$10,000 to $19,999	26,280	20,630	305	65
$20,000 to $29,999	22,950	18,275	320	40
$30,000 to $39,999	19,595	15,895	240	20
$40,000 to $49,999	18,980	15,290	285	35
$50,000 to $59,999	15,930	12,950	185	15
$60,000 to $69,999	11,875	9,945	175	30
$70,000 to $79,999	8,390	6,985	165	10
$80,000 to $89,999	6,910	5,800	110	0
$90,000 to $99,999	6,045	5,185	115	0
$100,000 and over	14,740	12,585	210	45
$100,000 to $149,999	9,815	8,315	125	40
$150,000 and over	4,925	4,270	85	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	180,355	145,880	2,375	345
Without after-tax income	6,275	4,980	50	20
With after-tax income	174,080	140,895	2,325	325
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.6	97.9	94.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,005	17,880	220	50
$10,000 to $19,999	27,695	21,795	320	65
$20,000 to $29,999	26,705	21,350	375	40
$30,000 to $39,999	24,475	19,770	305	45
$40,000 to $49,999	22,380	18,220	320	30
$50,000 to $59,999	15,615	12,990	230	35
$60,000 to $69,999	10,875	9,045	190	10
$70,000 to $79,999	8,495	7,185	135	15
$80,000 and over	14,840	12,655	235	40
$80,000 to $89,999	4,930	4,235	60	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,930	2,450	40	10
$100,000 and over	6,980	5,975	130	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	180,360	145,880	2,375	345
Without employment income	44,225	33,895	635	75
With employment income	136,130	111,985	1,740	265
Percentage with employment income	75.5	76.8	73.3	76.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	17,995	14,995	200	40
$5,000 to $9,999	10,745	8,850	80	30
$10,000 to $19,999	16,595	13,370	180	25
$20,000 to $29,999	13,345	10,800	160	30
$30,000 to $39,999	13,585	11,130	180	15
$40,000 to $49,999	14,095	11,225	160	25
$50,000 to $59,999	11,860	9,645	180	10
$60,000 to $69,999	8,990	7,415	135	40
$70,000 to $79,999	6,550	5,470	105	0
$80,000 and over	22,380	19,075	360	45
$80,000 to $89,999	5,635	4,755	80	0
$90,000 to $99,999	5,110	4,380	90	15
$100,000 and over	11,630	9,935	185	35
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	180,355	145,875	2,370	345
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	71,330	58,965	970	145
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	54,633	55,599	59,561	60,963
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	65,616	67,070	66,664	65,452
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	219,415	180,115	2,575	500
English only	199,970	167,345	155	140
French only	95	10	70	0
English and French	16,995	12,695	2,345	355
Neither English nor French	2,355	65	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	219,415	180,115	2,575	495
English	194,795	177,540	1,810	405
French	710	55	630	10
Non-official language	17,655	740	20	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	17,655	745	20	20
English and French	295	120	105	35
English and non-official language	5,815	1,620	0	0
French and non-official language	40	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	105	30	0	30
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	219,415	180,115	2,575	495
None	198,335	175,490	1,535	365
English	7,610	380	330	15
French	2,550	1,695	680	90
Non-official language	10,520	2,460	20	15
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,510	2,455	15	15
English and French	40	10	0	15
English and non-official language	190	0	0	0
French and non-official language	165	75	10	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	219,415	180,110	2,575	500
English	214,095	180,105	160	415
French	2,475	10	2,420	10
English and French	560	0	0	75
Neither English nor French	2,290	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	2,750	10	2,415	45
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.3	0.0	93.8	9.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	219,415	180,115	2,575	495
Official languages	217,060	180,050	2,575	495
English	216,965	180,040	2,500	495
French	17,095	12,705	2,420	355
Non-official languages	44,550	9,345	245	90
Aboriginal languages	35	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	44,515	9,325	245	90
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	219,415	180,115	2,575	495
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	3,385	3,205	150	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	3,200	3,035	135	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	1,815	1,765	25	10
Métis	1,340	1,220	110	15
Inuk (Inuit)	50	50	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	90	85	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	90	90	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	216,030	176,905	2,430	475
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	219,415	180,110	2,575	495
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	880	855	15	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	218,535	179,260	2,555	500
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	219,415	180,115	2,575	500
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	520	495	20	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	515	490	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	400	380	15	0
Métis single ancestry	105	100	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	6,005	5,690	235	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	5,870	5,555	235	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,240	4,100	110	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,525	1,370	120	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	85	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	145	135	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	110	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	212,885	173,930	2,315	430
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	219,415	180,115	2,575	500
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	209,735	176,895	2,485	490
Canadian citizens only	202,005	173,210	2,385	480
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	7,730	3,690	110	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	9,685	3,215	85	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	219,415	180,115	2,575	500
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	179,825	166,365	2,295	465
Immigrants^Footnote 44	37,710	13,240	270	35
Before 1981	14,380	7,490	100	0
1981 to 1990	4,810	1,495	0	10
1991 to 2000	6,500	1,490	25	10
2001 to 2010	7,995	1,920	50	10
2001 to 2005	4,280	1,090	40	0
2006 to 2010	3,710	830	10	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	4,020	835	85	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	1,885	505	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	37,710	13,240	265	35
Under 5 years	4,565	2,670	20	10
5 to 14 years	7,435	2,930	45	10
15 to 24 years	8,520	2,855	60	0
25 to 44 years	14,800	4,320	120	20
45 years and over	2,395	465	15	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	37,710	13,240	270	35
Americas	4,665	2,745	10	0
Brazil	145	15	0	0
Colombia	175	10	0	0
El Salvador	170	0	0	0
Guyana	205	190	10	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	285	280	0	0
Mexico	660	35	0	0
Peru	110	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	235	240	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,735	1,625	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	945	330	0	0
Europe	17,375	7,680	160	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	0	0	0
Croatia	340	10	0	0
France	180	30	120	0
Germany	1,180	220	0	0
Greece	180	15	0	0
Hungary	345	15	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	335	330	0	0
Italy	1,690	80	0	0
Netherlands	1,860	260	0	0
Poland	1,305	65	0	0
Portugal	440	35	0	0
Romania	430	25	0	0
Russian Federation	215	30	0	10
Serbia^Footnote 51	680	25	0	0
Ukraine	120	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	6,390	6,320	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,490	215	40	30
Africa	1,955	780	80	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	205	55	10	0
Ethiopia	255	20	0	0
Kenya	170	80	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0
Nigeria	105	75	0	0
Somalia	50	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	350	275	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	790	250	75	0
Asia	13,550	1,880	20	0
Afghanistan	710	25	0	0
Bangladesh	265	45	0	0
China^Footnote 53	1,770	175	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	175	50	0	0
India	2,630	335	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	430	50	0	0
Iraq	105	35	0	0
Japan	45	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	185	15	0	0
Lebanon	85	10	10	0
Pakistan	870	115	0	0
Philippines	2,295	505	0	0
Sri Lanka	335	85	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	175	15	0	0
Taiwan	145	10	0	0
Viet Nam	1,760	95	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,570	330	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	165	150	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	4,025	835	90	0
Americas	395	125	0	0
Brazil	25	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	0	0
Cuba	30	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	80	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	105	80	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	40	0	0
Europe	465	190	45	0
France	45	0	40	0
Germany	45	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	35	35	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	145	135	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	140	0	0	0
Africa	490	120	35	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	25	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	190	35	0	0
Ethiopia	100	10	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0
Nigeria	45	25	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	35	0	0
Asia	2,655	385	10	0
Afghanistan	35	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	30	0	0
China^Footnote 65	370	35	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	10	0	0	0
India	495	55	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	65	10	0	0
Iraq	25	10	0	0
Israel	15	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0
Nepal	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	140	0	0	0
Philippines	845	155	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	15	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	125	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0
Viet Nam	150	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	40	10	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	15	10	0	0
Australia	15	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	219,415	180,110	2,570	500
First generation^Footnote 73	40,725	14,740	305	35
Second generation^Footnote 74	44,355	37,560	210	110
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	134,335	127,820	2,060	355
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	23,910	6,000	170	35
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	11,430	3,370	100	30
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	4,335	1,065	45	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	7,095	2,310	50	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	7,770	2,165	10	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	4,555	435	60	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	150	30	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	219,420	180,110	2,575	495
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	27,465	10,140	135	30
South Asian^Footnote 85	7,355	2,345	10	10
Chinese	4,575	1,170	0	15
Black	3,285	2,375	115	0
Filipino	3,155	1,280	0	0
Latin American	1,525	265	0	0
Arab	940	285	10	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	2,680	825	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	1,595	260	0	0
Korean	385	115	0	0
Japanese	290	185	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	435	405	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	1,245	625	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	191,955	169,975	2,440	470
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	219,415	180,115	2,575	495
North American Aboriginal origins	6,535	6,185	260	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,795	4,615	135	15
Inuit	135	120	10	15
Métis	1,750	1,585	125	35
Other North American origins	65,730	61,080	1,300	220
Acadian	340	280	50	0
American	2,915	2,660	35	0
Canadian	63,515	59,095	1,195	220
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	235	235	0	0
Nova Scotian	50	50	0	0
Ontarian	60	30	25	0
Québécois	90	60	25	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	15	20	0	0
European origins	165,900	146,585	1,980	365
British Isles origins	116,295	114,945	585	220
Channel Islander	35	35	0	0
Cornish	15	15	0	0
English	67,900	67,205	265	100
Irish	48,960	48,530	230	80
Manx	75	70	0	0
Scottish	54,630	54,205	200	100
Welsh	5,320	5,265	15	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	7,620	7,490	30	40
French origins	19,255	17,035	1,765	195
Alsatian	60	60	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0
French	19,210	16,995	1,760	200
Western European origins (except French origins)	52,780	46,090	190	105
Austrian	1,480	1,225	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,030	895	75	0
Dutch	16,670	14,335	0	20
Flemish	85	65	0	0
Frisian	155	100	0	0
German	34,945	31,590	85	100
Luxembourger	35	30	0	0
Swiss	3,340	1,970	50	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,805	4,485	10	15
Danish	1,235	1,080	0	10
Finnish	1,015	925	10	0
Icelandic	260	265	0	0
Norwegian	1,210	1,170	0	0
Swedish	1,050	1,015	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	300	290	0	0
Eastern European origins	21,200	16,270	85	30
Bulgarian	75	40	10	0
Byelorussian	65	30	0	0
Czech	960	735	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	375	335	0	0
Estonian	215	190	0	0
Hungarian	3,575	2,315	20	10
Latvian	235	195	0	0
Lithuanian	470	410	0	0
Moldovan	20	0	0	0
Polish	8,730	6,825	20	10
Romanian	1,185	740	0	10
Russian	2,395	1,750	0	0
Slovak	600	440	20	0
Ukrainian	5,650	5,080	25	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	50	35	0	0
Southern European origins	25,515	19,100	85	95
Albanian	90	45	10	0
Bosnian	130	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	995	535	10	0
Cypriot	65	45	0	0
Greek	1,485	1,130	0	0
Italian	16,755	13,620	35	50
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	190	160	0	0
Maltese	655	540	15	0
Montenegrin	60	35	0	0
Portuguese	2,645	1,875	0	10
Serbian	1,015	320	0	10
Sicilian	35	30	0	0
Slovenian	530	415	0	0
Spanish	2,010	1,105	15	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	240	195	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	15	10	0	0
Other European origins	960	830	10	10
Basque	20	10	10	0
Jewish	560	490	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	20	25	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	35	20	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	320	280	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,410	2,265	10	10
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	60	65	0	0
Barbadian	245	235	10	0
Bermudan	30	35	0	0
Carib	20	15	0	0
Cuban	155	50	0	0
Dominican	65	65	0	0
Grenadian	25	25	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	0
Jamaican	960	940	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0
St. Lucian	20	20	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	490	490	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	50	55	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	315	315	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	105	95	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,315	1,470	15	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	80	35	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	150	100	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0
Brazilian	245	90	0	0
Chilean	135	75	0	0
Colombian	235	45	0	0
Costa Rican	35	15	0	0
Ecuadorian	135	55	0	0
Guatemalan	105	65	0	0
Guyanese	350	335	10	0
Hispanic	75	35	0	0
Honduran	45	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0
Mexican	905	280	0	0
Nicaraguan	70	20	0	0
Panamanian	40	15	0	0
Paraguayan	15	15	0	0
Peruvian	185	65	0	0
Salvadorean	270	95	0	0
Uruguayan	95	50	0	0
Venezuelan	95	30	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	210	135	0	0
African origins	3,215	1,950	105	0
Central and West African origins	430	250	75	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	90	15	50	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	80	55	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	195	150	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	30	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	20	20	0	0
North African origins	790	355	10	0
Algerian	65	10	10	0
Berber	10	10	10	0
Coptic	50	20	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	370	205	10	0
Libyan	55	15	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	40	0	0
Sudanese	200	60	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,340	725	0	0
Afrikaner	20	20	0	0
Amhara	20	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	305	65	0	0
Ethiopian	305	120	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	25	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	105	65	0	0
South African	405	370	0	0
Tanzanian	25	20	0	0
Tigrian	70	25	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	15	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	45	15	0	0
Other African origins	730	630	20	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	130	110	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	610	525	20	0
Asian origins	23,555	8,305	35	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,695	1,405	20	10
Afghan	1,085	210	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	295	110	10	0
Armenian	210	115	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	665	205	0	0
Iraqi	100	55	0	0
Israeli	105	90	0	0
Jordanian	115	45	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	40	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	0	0
Lebanese	455	375	0	10
Palestinian	100	50	0	0
Pashtun	70	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	15	0	0
Syrian	205	50	0	0
Tajik	55	20	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0
Turk	255	105	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	265	35	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	90	40	0	0
South Asian origins	7,715	2,750	0	10
Bangladeshi	195	50	0	0
Bengali	90	15	0	0
Bhutanese	105	10	0	0
East Indian	5,370	2,140	10	10
Goan	40	40	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	260	15	0	0
Pakistani	945	235	0	0
Punjabi	585	135	0	0
Sinhalese	85	55	0	0
Sri Lankan	430	160	0	0
Tamil	30	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	325	85	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	12,440	4,320	15	25
Burmese	25	20	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	185	85	0	0
Chinese	5,985	1,825	0	15
Filipino	3,295	1,400	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	125	60	0	0
Japanese	455	295	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	390	125	0	0
Laotian	295	130	0	0
Malaysian	100	65	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	155	60	0	0
Thai	220	90	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,510	640	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	50	25	0	0
Other Asian origins	70	25	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	70	25	0	0
Oceania origins	365	350	0	0
Australian	250	250	0	0
New Zealander	65	65	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	30	0	0
Fijian	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	20	15	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	20	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	180,360	145,880	2,370	345
No certificate, diploma or degree	33,160	24,710	295	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	51,085	43,225	510	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	96,115	77,945	1,565	205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,605	9,310	175	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	5,220	4,060	120	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	6,385	5,250	55	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	37,250	31,500	555	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,520	2,645	65	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	43,735	34,490	770	95
Bachelor's degree	28,500	23,405	430	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,510	1,985	50	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,180	820	30	0
Master's degree	8,700	6,445	200	30
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	2,840	1,835	60	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	180,355	145,880	2,375	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	84,245	67,935	805	140
Education	6,115	5,200	130	10
13. Education	6,115	5,200	130	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,540	3,080	50	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	505	455	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,035	2,625	50	10
Humanities	5,935	4,950	110	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	430	185	45	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,670	1,470	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,335	1,095	25	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	40	35	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	545	485	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	585	490	0	0
54. History	1,095	990	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	250	195	20	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,425	9,700	195	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	195	135	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	790	705	20	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,530	2,105	40	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,190	1,030	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	315	290	10	0
42. Psychology	2,220	1,975	50	0
45. Social sciences	4,190	3,460	70	10
Business, management and public administration	16,810	13,625	320	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	30	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,520	1,400	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,240	12,190	305	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	6,035	4,570	115	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,565	2,710	70	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	945	725	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	140	110	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,215	885	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	165	135	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,090	2,340	40	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,060	1,530	20	10
25. Library science	255	225	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	735	535	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	40	40	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,450	15,005	255	20
04. Architecture and related services	915	760	10	0
14. Engineering	3,640	2,050	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,065	3,210	70	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,340	2,835	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,585	3,890	55	0
48. Precision production	2,915	2,265	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,170	3,110	45	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,175	2,235	35	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	990	875	10	0
Health and related fields	13,525	11,195	245	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,530	1,425	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	11,735	9,595	225	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	260	185	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,970	5,130	65	15
12. Personal and culinary services	3,105	2,565	25	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,920	1,755	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	925	790	25	0
Other	40	40	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	40	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	180,355	145,880	2,375	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	84,245	67,935	805	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	96,110	77,945	1,565	205
Location of study inside Canada	83,305	72,635	1,420	190
Same as province or territory of residence	78,080	68,380	1,100	165
Different than province or territory of residence	5,225	4,250	320	25
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	12,805	5,310	140	15
United States^Footnote 132	2,435	2,060	35	0
Philippines	1,010	175	0	0
India	1,135	135	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	2,160	1,995	15	0
China^Footnote 134	790	15	0	0
France	105	15	50	0
Other	5,175	910	50	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	180,355	145,875	2,375	345
In the labour force	126,115	103,610	1,630	260
Employed	119,465	98,265	1,550	260
Unemployed	6,650	5,345	75	0
Not in the labour force	54,240	42,270	750	85
Participation rate	69.9	71.0	68.6	75.4
Employment rate	66.2	67.4	65.3	75.4
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	4.6	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	180,355	145,880	2,375	345
Did not work^Footnote 137	49,430	38,110	685	80
Worked	130,925	107,765	1,685	270
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	73,245	60,355	1,000	150
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	57,675	47,410	690	115
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	43.8	45.0	43.6
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	134,525	110,550	1,725	280
a.Management	15,365	12,780	245	15
00 Senior management occupations	1,775	1,585	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,425	3,820	85	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	4,560	3,835	85	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	4,600	3,540	55	0
b.Professional	22,995	18,815	470	65
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	3,515	3,010	60	15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	4,495	3,285	60	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,555	1,345	20	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,860	1,465	65	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	7,210	5,895	190	20
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	3,040	2,690	45	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,320	1,125	25	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	12,335	10,590	140	35
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,755	3,030	65	0
32 Technical occupations in health	2,270	1,925	15	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,430	2,090	30	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,190	1,120	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,680	2,420	25	15
d.Administration and administrative support	14,645	12,730	190	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	5,880	5,070	90	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,380	1,210	15	0
14 Office support occupations	4,680	4,100	60	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,705	2,350	20	0
e.Sales	12,165	10,575	140	35
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,825	2,515	50	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	5,295	4,620	45	10
66 Sales support occupations	4,050	3,440	45	20
f.Personal and customer information services	20,360	16,800	265	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,735	1,415	10	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,680	2,065	25	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	3,310	2,590	35	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	5,175	4,455	105	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	7,475	6,285	85	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	10,870	8,965	125	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	6,800	5,560	80	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	4,070	3,410	35	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	8,810	7,440	70	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,590	2,155	25	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	4,600	3,875	35	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,620	1,410	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,070	3,095	20	25
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	645	575	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,110	1,300	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,320	1,215	10	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	12,910	8,760	65	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,420	1,125	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,895	2,000	15	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	5,910	3,690	10	15
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	2,685	1,950	30	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	134,530	110,550	1,725	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,970	3,340	20	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	4,585	3,005	20	10
113 Forestry and logging	40	25	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	20	15	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	335	295	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	220	200	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	155	145	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	55	45	0	0
22 Utilities	580	530	10	0
221 Utilities	585	530	10	0
23 Construction	8,995	7,700	125	10
236 Construction of buildings	2,505	2,180	40	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,030	925	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	5,460	4,595	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	23,430	16,905	215	30
311 Food manufacturing	2,590	1,880	15	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	550	430	15	0
313 Textile mills	155	150	0	0
314 Textile product mills	55	55	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	115	70	10	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	50	40	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	325	285	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	335	315	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	275	250	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	50	40	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	865	690	20	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	1,365	1,060	15	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	550	440	20	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	355	310	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	2,375	1,845	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	2,395	1,795	40	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	715	460	10	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	770	650	10	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	8,400	5,245	40	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	590	420	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	565	475	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	5,810	4,875	135	20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	430	270	20	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	40	45	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	785	625	15	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	680	570	20	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	450	390	15	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	765	680	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,665	1,410	35	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	830	740	25	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	170	150	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	13,685	11,750	150	25
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,715	1,440	15	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	530	460	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	500	415	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,040	955	10	0
445 Food and beverage stores	3,410	2,915	25	10
446 Health and personal care stores	1,210	990	25	0
447 Gasoline stations	280	210	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,355	1,160	30	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	510	480	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,580	1,340	25	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	990	890	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	570	490	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,195	4,240	70	10
481 Air transportation	505	415	20	0
482 Rail transportation	50	40	0	0
483 Water transportation	20	20	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,000	1,515	30	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	900	810	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	540	395	0	0
491 Postal service	365	345	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	325	295	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	470	395	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,100	1,850	15	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	660	565	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	305	270	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	130	120	0	0
517 Telecommunications	485	420	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	90	70	0	0
519 Other information services	430	405	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,750	4,200	65	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,565	1,345	25	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	600	530	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	2,580	2,315	30	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,035	1,730	35	0
531 Real estate	1,735	1,465	35	0
532 Rental and leasing services	295	265	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,855	7,490	170	25
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,855	7,485	170	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	190	165	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	190	160	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,435	4,630	75	25
561 Administrative and support services	5,140	4,365	65	20
562 Waste management and remediation services	285	260	10	0
61 Educational services	13,200	10,980	270	20
611 Educational services	13,200	10,980	270	25
62 Health care and social assistance	12,285	10,410	160	30
621 Ambulatory health care services	4,050	3,370	60	15
622 Hospitals	2,880	2,525	35	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,700	2,285	25	10
624 Social assistance	2,650	2,225	40	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,000	2,750	40	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	1,035	925	25	0
712 Heritage institutions	175	160	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,795	1,660	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	8,160	6,830	70	20
721 Accommodation services	795	650	10	0
722 Food services and drinking places	7,365	6,175	65	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,685	4,610	25	15
811 Repair and maintenance	1,980	1,605	15	0
812 Personal and laundry services	1,635	1,275	0	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,635	1,460	10	0
814 Private households	430	265	0	0
91 Public administration	5,950	5,380	65	10
911 Federal government public administration	1,110	945	25	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,355	1,215	15	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	3,480	3,215	30	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	119,465	98,265	1,550	265
Worked at home	10,995	8,415	195	20
Worked outside Canada	380	240	0	0
No fixed workplace address	11,640	9,960	130	10
Worked at usual place	96,465	79,655	1,225	235
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	134,530	110,550	1,725	275
English	131,940	109,990	1,460	250
French	505	285	175	10
Non-official language	1,305	65	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,300	60	0	0
English and French	310	165	85	20
English and non-official language	450	50	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	134,530	110,550	1,720	275
None	129,380	108,760	1,190	260
English	1,035	265	145	10
French	1,695	1,140	380	15
Non-official language	2,320	335	0	0
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,305	325	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	50	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	96,465	79,655	1,225	235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	52,970	41,740	695	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	14,805	13,315	140	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	28,420	24,385	385	60
Commute to a different province or territory	275	220	10	15
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	108,095	89,615	1,350	245
Car, truck, van - as a driver	87,360	72,915	1,120	185
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,350	5,760	50	20
Public transit	5,110	4,035	70	15
Walked	5,970	5,095	85	25
Bicycle	1,340	1,085	10	0
Other method	965	725	10	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	108,100	89,610	1,350	245
Less than 15 minutes	37,380	30,635	425	95
15 to 29 minutes	34,335	27,900	390	85
30 to 44 minutes	17,375	14,900	245	25
45 to 59 minutes	8,895	7,620	155	10
60 minutes and over	10,110	8,555	140	25
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	108,100	89,615	1,350	245
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,490	7,140	80	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20,370	16,540	240	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	26,605	22,660	360	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	23,985	20,235	360	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	9,655	7,790	115	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,985	15,245	190	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	216,940	177,940	2,550	485
Non-movers	190,190	156,490	2,175	390
Movers	26,755	21,450	370	95
Non-migrants	13,835	11,280	160	40
Migrants	12,920	10,165	210	55
Internal migrants	11,205	9,620	180	50
Intraprovincial migrants	10,340	9,035	165	40
Interprovincial migrants	865	585	15	10
External migrants	1,710	540	30	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	206,755	169,120	2,490	470
Non-movers	130,015	106,860	1,385	240
Movers	76,735	62,260	1,105	230
Non-migrants	37,760	31,835	475	80
Migrants	38,975	30,430	635	150
Internal migrants	33,720	28,785	535	130
Intraprovincial migrants	31,300	26,975	425	125
Interprovincial migrants	2,415	1,810	110	0
External migrants	5,255	1,640	95	20

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Wellington

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.4%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.