Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Lambton
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	124,595	113,840	2,265	450
0 to 14 years	19,585	18,920	165	95
0 to 4 years	6,115	5,900	45	45
5 to 9 years	6,880	6,690	50	15
10 to 14 years	6,585	6,335	70	35
15 to 64 years	79,295	73,475	1,215	270
15 to 19 years	6,920	6,655	75	35
20 to 24 years	7,410	6,990	55	55
25 to 29 years	7,065	6,625	45	50
30 to 34 years	6,980	6,570	70	15
35 to 39 years	6,695	6,235	100	15
40 to 44 years	6,800	6,180	115	10
45 to 49 years	7,300	6,655	140	0
50 to 54 years	9,395	8,695	165	15
55 to 59 years	10,600	9,720	220	35
60 to 64 years	10,140	9,140	225	25
65 years and over	25,720	21,450	890	80
65 to 69 years	8,970	7,870	255	15
70 to 74 years	6,340	5,240	265	30
75 to 79 years	4,505	3,760	170	10
80 to 84 years	3,290	2,560	130	10
85 years and over	2,610	2,015	65	15
85 to 89 years	1,960	1,500	60	15
90 to 94 years	570	455	0	0
95 to 99 years	75	60	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	43.3	42.2	54.8	36.9
Median age	45.6	44.0	59.1	28.1
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
Married or living common law	63,650	56,740	1,375	145
Married	53,940	47,425	1,230	120
Living common law	9,705	9,310	145	25
Not married and not living common law	41,365	38,180	730	200
Never married	25,060	23,755	235	135
Separated	3,335	3,110	60	10
Divorced	6,275	5,650	195	40
Widowed	6,695	5,675	240	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	101,140	91,330	2,055	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,249	48,388	49,911	38,554
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,734	34,952	36,523	25,376
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	101,285	91,465	2,055	325
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,685	39,756	41,277	33,088
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,444	31,611	33,611	23,337
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,810	82,040	1,835	280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,381	46,739	45,578	37,356
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,068	32,524	32,152	24,688
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,725	67,855	1,665	260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,820	8,622	11,273	8,755
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,112	7,791	12,116	6,816
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,905	66,015	1,230	240
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,895	44,918	48,170	34,657
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,949	30,255	32,498	20,153
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	86.3	86.8	81.5	83.5
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	66.2	67.1	57.9	66.4
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	13.7	13.2	18.3	17.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	105,015	94,920	2,105	350
Without total income	3,875	3,590	50	20
With total income	101,140	91,335	2,055	325
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.2	97.6	92.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,425	12,265	195	45
$10,000 to $19,999	17,065	15,385	350	70
$20,000 to $29,999	14,465	12,635	310	80
$30,000 to $39,999	11,400	10,340	255	20
$40,000 to $49,999	10,200	9,215	255	20
$50,000 to $59,999	7,745	7,025	170	25
$60,000 to $69,999	6,140	5,640	95	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,540	4,135	100	30
$80,000 to $89,999	3,455	3,150	60	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,930	2,640	60	15
$100,000 and over	9,765	8,895	200	15
$100,000 to $149,999	6,260	5,755	115	10
$150,000 and over	3,500	3,140	85	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
Without after-tax income	3,735	3,450	50	20
With after-tax income	101,280	91,465	2,050	330
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.4	97.4	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,285	13,060	215	45
$10,000 to $19,999	17,800	15,995	355	75
$20,000 to $29,999	16,495	14,575	355	75
$30,000 to $39,999	13,395	12,085	315	25
$40,000 to $49,999	11,220	10,220	270	15
$50,000 to $59,999	8,340	7,580	135	40
$60,000 to $69,999	5,490	4,980	120	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,405	3,995	75	15
$80,000 and over	9,860	8,975	215	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,840	2,660	40	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,990	1,765	50	10
$100,000 and over	5,035	4,545	120	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
Without employment income	33,110	28,905	875	110
With employment income	71,905	66,015	1,230	240
Percentage with employment income	68.5	69.5	58.4	69.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,625	12,245	305	40
$5,000 to $9,999	5,720	5,270	55	25
$10,000 to $19,999	8,855	8,145	125	60
$20,000 to $29,999	7,770	7,180	105	35
$30,000 to $39,999	7,170	6,680	120	20
$40,000 to $49,999	5,605	5,130	105	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,325	4,055	65	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,365	3,105	55	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,770	2,535	60	10
$80,000 and over	12,695	11,670	245	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,350	2,170	45	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,455	2,270	55	15
$100,000 and over	7,895	7,235	145	15
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	105,015	94,920	2,100	345
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	31,530	29,100	500	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	54,094	53,954	64,649	53,523
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	69,297	68,879	75,806	54,120
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	124,600	113,840	2,270	445
English only	116,440	108,785	225	75
French only	35	0	35	0
English and French	7,825	5,025	2,010	370
Neither English nor French	285	30	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	124,595	113,845	2,270	450
English	120,210	113,355	1,670	325
French	590	45	515	10
Non-official language	2,390	140	10	0
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,375	135	10	0
English and French	205	40	60	100
English and non-official language	1,135	250	0	10
French and non-official language	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	124,600	113,840	2,270	445
None	118,295	111,785	1,365	350
English	1,395	35	330	10
French	1,695	1,040	545	80
Non-official language	3,110	945	15	10
Aboriginal	310	260	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,805	685	20	10
English and French	0	0	10	0
English and non-official language	30	10	0	0
French and non-official language	65	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
English	122,050	113,840	225	340
French	2,130	0	2,045	10
English and French	155	0	0	95
Neither English nor French	255	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	2,205	0	2,040	60
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	1.8	0.0	89.9	13.5
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
Official languages	124,310	113,810	2,270	445
English	124,270	113,810	2,240	445
French	7,865	5,025	2,045	370
Non-official languages	10,685	2,985	130	100
Aboriginal languages	575	460	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,115	2,530	130	100
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	6,885	6,580	125	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	6,705	6,410	125	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	5,385	5,220	15	15
Métis	1,290	1,165	100	25
Inuk (Inuit)	35	20	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	50	55	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	130	120	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	117,710	107,255	2,140	410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	124,600	113,840	2,270	445
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	4,910	4,725	30	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	119,685	109,115	2,240	430
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	124,600	113,840	2,270	445
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	3,730	3,560	30	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	3,710	3,545	35	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	3,575	3,430	20	0
Métis single ancestry	135	115	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	20	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	4,460	4,245	150	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	4,385	4,180	140	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,050	2,955	60	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,285	1,190	75	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	75	65	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	65	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	116,410	106,035	2,090	380
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	121,400	111,930	2,215	445
Canadian citizens only	119,240	110,610	2,185	435
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,160	1,315	30	15
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	3,195	1,910	50	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	124,600	113,840	2,270	445
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	111,465	107,280	2,125	365
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	12,385	6,310	130	85
Before 1981	7,870	4,395	60	10
1981 to 1990	1,335	710	0	20
1991 to 2000	1,150	455	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,400	520	20	60
2001 to 2005	660	295	10	0
2006 to 2010	740	230	10	60
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	635	230	30	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	740	245	20	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	12,390	6,315	125	80
Under 5 years	1,740	1,165	20	35
5 to 14 years	2,580	1,430	15	30
15 to 24 years	3,280	1,490	15	10
25 to 44 years	4,185	1,955	60	10
45 years and over	605	275	15	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	12,385	6,315	125	80
Americas	2,355	1,905	10	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	55	10	0	0
El Salvador	100	20	0	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	175	170	0	0
Mexico	145	20	0	0
Peru	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	75	75	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	1,510	1,480	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	250	105	0	0
Europe	7,660	3,950	65	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	0	0
France	65	15	30	10
Germany	520	90	0	0
Greece	160	10	0	0
Hungary	130	15	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	150	155	0	0
Italy	730	40	0	0
Netherlands	1,325	230	0	0
Poland	250	25	0	0
Portugal	275	35	0	10
Romania	80	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	20	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	3,265	3,205	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	550	110	25	0
Africa	350	115	50	70
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	230	50	50	60
Asia	1,975	310	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	230	85	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	40	0	0	0
India	460	40	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	80	0	0	0
Iraq	175	15	0	0
Japan	20	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	0	0	0
Pakistan	135	20	0	0
Philippines	310	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	230	55	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	40	40	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	635	225	30	0
Americas	180	140	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	25	0	0
Mexico	25	10	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	110	100	10	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0
Europe	110	60	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	50	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	80	25	25	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	10	0
Asia	260	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	0	0	0	0
India	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	25	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	0	0	0
Philippines	45	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
First generation^{Footnote 73}	13,705	7,100	155	85
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	19,955	18,290	140	60
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	90,940	88,445	1,975	300
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	4,680	2,010	65	80
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	1,860	735	30	15
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	690	220	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	1,175	520	20	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	2,210	1,215	15	10
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	580	40	25	60
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	25	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	124,595	113,840	2,270	450
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	5,505	2,650	95	105
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	1,300	455	0	0
Chinese	650	270	0	0
Black	1,250	1,030	80	70
Filipino	495	190	10	0
Latin American	475	135	10	0
Arab	455	110	0	25
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	230	110	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	120	25	0	0
Korean	125	35	0	0
Japanese	95	35	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	145	135	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	165	125	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	119,095	111,190	2,180	340
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	124,595	113,840	2,270	445
North American Aboriginal origins	8,190	7,805	180	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,720	6,460	90	35
Inuit	45	40	10	0
Métis	1,510	1,385	90	30
Other North American origins	44,225	42,765	1,100	190
Acadian	75	55	20	0
American	1,850	1,820	15	0
Canadian	42,935	41,525	1,065	185
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	60	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	15	0	0
Québécois	35	25	15	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	20	20	0	0
European origins	94,600	87,315	1,705	290
British Isles origins	69,105	68,475	390	135
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	41,140	40,805	210	65
Irish	28,375	28,130	160	50
Manx	45	40	0	0
Scottish	31,790	31,605	125	45
Welsh	2,590	2,570	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	2,955	2,940	0	10
French origins	17,325	15,550	1,520	200
Alsatian	10	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	17,310	15,540	1,515	200
Western European origins (except French origins)	27,200	24,650	160	75
Austrian	430	385	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,105	1,970	35	20
Dutch	12,855	11,380	15	25
Flemish	100	95	0	0
Frisian	60	25	0	0
German	13,495	12,550	110	30
Luxembourger	25	25	10	0
Swiss	250	210	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,405	2,275	25	20
Danish	570	505	0	20
Finnish	460	430	0	0
Icelandic	150	155	0	0
Norwegian	625	625	0	0
Swedish	550	520	20	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	125	115	0	0
Eastern European origins	9,145	7,975	45	0
Bulgarian	80	45	15	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0
Czech	495	425	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	270	250	0	0
Estonian	60	45	0	0
Hungarian	1,220	1,065	0	0
Latvian	95	65	0	0
Lithuanian	190	160	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,245	2,810	25	0
Romanian	505	435	0	0
Russian	885	770	10	0
Slovak	920	795	0	0
Ukrainian	2,500	2,335	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	70	70	0	0
Southern European origins	8,045	5,970	110	30
Albanian	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	270	225	10	0
Cypriot	20	20	0	0
Greek	705	450	0	10
Italian	4,925	3,870	70	15
Kosovar	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	60	45	0	0
Maltese	115	100	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,175	780	40	0
Serbian	80	45	0	0
Sicilian	35	25	0	0
Slovenian	100	90	0	0
Spanish	645	405	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	170	155	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	370	340	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	105	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	235	230	0	0
Caribbean origins	900	845	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	50	50	0	0
Bermudan	25	25	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	15	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	10	10	0
Jamaican	510	490	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	110	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	15	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	100	90	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	55	55	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	905	425	20	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	15	0	0
Belizean	15	10	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	15	0	0
Colombian	85	30	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0
Guyanese	115	115	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	0
Honduran	30	10	0	0
Maya	20	0	0	0
Mexican	360	155	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	125	30	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	20	10	0	0
African origins	960	700	70	100
Central and West African origins	230	90	70	60
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	0	20	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	0	30	60
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0
Ivorian	15	0	15	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	75	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	15	10	15	0
North African origins	115	50	0	40
Algerian	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	105	50	0	40
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	120	75	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	15	0	0
Ethiopian	25	20	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	40	35	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	10	10	0	0
Other African origins	530	495	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	100	100	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	430	400	15	0
Asian origins	4,105	1,795	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	965	480	15	10
Afghan	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	80	35	0	0
Armenian	25	10	0	0
Assyrian	20	15	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	10	0	0
Iraqi	180	50	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	395	275	15	0
Palestinian	15	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	75	40	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	45	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	10	10	0	0
South Asian origins	1,355	515	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,070	420	0	0
Goan	25	25	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	165	65	0	0
Punjabi	55	20	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	45	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,800	820	10	0
Burmese	40	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	880	445	0	0
Filipino	520	220	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	45	0	0
Japanese	120	55	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	30	0	0
Laotian	15	10	0	0
Malaysian	15	15	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	60	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	15	10	0	0
Oceania origins	45	45	0	0
Australian	30	30	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,615	15,490	450	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	30,830	28,585	605	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,565	50,840	1,050	220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,075	9,945	290	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	4,115	3,685	70	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	6,960	6,260	225	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,270	27,120	455	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,390	1,170	30	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,825	12,610	275	60
Bachelor's degree	10,665	9,310	170	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,075	885	35	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	350	270	0	0
Master's degree	2,400	1,915	60	15
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	330	235	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	105,015	94,915	2,105	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	48,450	44,075	1,055	130
Education	3,380	3,035	125	0
13. Education	3,380	3,035	125	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,100	1,015	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	245	235	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	855	780	10	0
Humanities	2,195	1,975	35	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	65	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	540	500	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	665	590	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	100	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	290	250	0	0
54. History	395	380	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	90	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,175	4,725	95	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	40	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	295	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,825	1,700	30	0
22. Legal professions and studies	630	550	30	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	50	55	0	0
42. Psychology	715	675	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,575	1,420	25	0
Business, management and public administration	8,480	7,655	170	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	20	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,175	1,095	25	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,280	6,535	145	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,590	1,360	35	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	465	390	20	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	225	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	15	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	470	385	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	390	345	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,360	1,190	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,065	925	15	0
25. Library science	115	115	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	135	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	20	15	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,130	15,025	385	60
04. Architecture and related services	225	190	0	0
14. Engineering	2,095	1,375	30	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,410	3,950	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,390	3,950	140	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,640	3,375	55	10
48. Precision production	2,380	2,190	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,355	1,190	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,060	915	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	290	275	10	0
Health and related fields	10,265	9,500	110	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	810	795	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,370	8,650	105	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	50	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,515	4,170	55	40
12. Personal and culinary services	2,315	2,075	25	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,270	1,220	20	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	895	845	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	105,015	94,920	2,105	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,450	44,075	1,055	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	56,565	50,840	1,050	220
Location of study inside Canada	51,715	47,900	980	215
Same as province or territory of residence	49,230	45,775	825	185
Different than province or territory of residence	2,485	2,120	155	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	4,850	2,945	65	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	1,880	1,735	20	0
Philippines	175	10	0	0
India	375	40	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	890	845	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	50	0	0	0
France	25	10	0	0
Other	1,470	320	40	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	105,015	94,915	2,105	345
In the labour force	61,460	56,780	955	210
Employed	56,485	52,165	875	185
Unemployed	4,980	4,610	85	25
Not in the labour force	43,555	38,140	1,150	135
Participation rate	58.5	59.8	45.4	60.9
Employment rate	53.8	55.0	41.6	53.6
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.1	8.9	11.9
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	105,015	94,920	2,105	345
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	40,490	35,430	1,080	95
Worked	64,525	59,485	1,025	245
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	32,140	29,660	505	80
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	32,395	29,825	520	165
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.6	41.4	37.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	66,405	61,220	1,055	250
a.Management	6,690	5,945	120	25
00 Senior management occupations	475	405	30	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,385	1,285	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,205	1,925	25	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,625	2,335	55	15
b.Professional	8,755	7,705	195	40
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,135	1,020	20	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,855	1,410	30	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,380	1,320	10	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	720	630	10	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,220	1,990	105	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,100	1,010	15	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	340	325	10	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,795	6,340	115	20
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,400	2,180	45	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,405	1,330	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,620	1,515	35	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	430	420	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	945	895	25	10
d.Administration and administrative support	7,115	6,690	105	25
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,970	2,740	60	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	600	570	15	0
14 Office support occupations	2,605	2,475	20	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	940	910	10	10
e.Sales	6,295	5,865	70	20
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,180	1,110	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,745	2,545	35	10
66 Sales support occupations	2,365	2,205	25	10
f.Personal and customer information services	12,880	11,735	235	70
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,475	1,405	20	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,130	1,010	25	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,075	1,895	10	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,505	3,170	65	30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,690	4,260	110	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,290	6,955	100	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	5,105	4,855	85	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,185	2,095	15	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	4,825	4,575	70	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	965	935	20	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,765	2,615	45	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,100	1,025	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,990	1,860	10	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	265	265	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	950	865	0	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	775	735	0	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,765	3,550	45	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,620	1,540	30	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	860	800	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	660	640	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	620	570	10	10
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	66,400	61,220	1,055	255
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,060	2,735	10	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	2,945	2,615	15	10
113 Forestry and logging	0	10	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	35	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	75	80	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	715	15	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	480	425	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	35	30	10	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	270	255	10	0
22 Utilities	675	620	15	0
221 Utilities	675	625	10	0
23 Construction	5,975	5,640	90	15
236 Construction of buildings	1,550	1,435	20	15
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	645	615	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,780	3,595	60	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,255	6,680	130	30
311 Food manufacturing	200	175	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	55	50	10	0
313 Textile mills	10	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	45	35	0	10
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	160	160	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	15	10	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	125	120	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	905	790	20	15
325 Chemical manufacturing	2,210	2,050	40	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	870	810	15	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	190	175	10	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	210	200	10	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	970	895	20	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	400	370	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	65	55	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	15	15	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	540	520	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	105	95	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	165	140	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,355	2,200	25	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	85	65	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	810	745	20	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	85	75	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	75	65	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	100	105	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	295	280	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	550	525	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	315	300	10	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	35	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,730	7,105	95	25
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	860	825	10	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	280	260	0	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	235	210	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	720	680	15	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,960	1,780	30	0
446 Health and personal care stores	795	755	10	0
447 Gasoline stations	350	290	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	575	520	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	215	200	10	10
452 General merchandise stores	890	795	15	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	645	600	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	195	190	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,820	2,660	50	10
481 Air transportation	65	55	10	0
482 Rail transportation	200	200	0	0
483 Water transportation	60	55	0	0
484 Truck transportation	1,025	980	10	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	450	410	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	135	125	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	520	480	10	0
491 Postal service	145	130	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	115	110	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	105	105	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	680	655	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	180	175	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	60	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	80	85	0	0
517 Telecommunications	110	105	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	230	220	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,445	1,370	30	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	630	610	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	295	270	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	520	490	20	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	905	835	15	0
531 Real estate	715	650	10	10
532 Rental and leasing services	190	180	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,325	2,880	40	15
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,325	2,885	40	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	40	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	45	35	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,500	3,190	50	10
561 Administrative and support services	3,085	2,805	40	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	410	385	0	0
61 Educational services	4,090	3,705	165	10
611 Educational services	4,090	3,710	165	10
62 Health care and social assistance	8,615	8,070	95	20
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,600	2,365	25	10
622 Hospitals	2,005	1,890	20	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,310	2,220	25	0
624 Social assistance	1,700	1,595	25	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,750	1,690	10	15
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	245	235	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	120	115	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,390	1,340	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	5,220	4,705	110	50
721 Accommodation services	695	620	25	0
722 Food services and drinking places	4,530	4,080	85	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,405	3,120	70	20
811 Repair and maintenance	1,090	1,015	10	10
812 Personal and laundry services	1,080	985	15	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,085	985	45	0
814 Private households	155	135	0	0
91 Public administration	2,765	2,590	40	15
911 Federal government public administration	810	735	30	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	445	420	10	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,370	1,300	10	15
914 Aboriginal public administration	140	130	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	56,485	52,170	875	185
Worked at home	3,875	3,505	75	15
Worked outside Canada	380	330	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,040	5,675	115	10
Worked at usual place	46,190	42,655	675	160
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	66,400	61,220	1,050	255
English	65,835	60,990	885	225
French	295	135	145	10
Non-official language	85	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	10	0	0
English and French	120	70	20	20
English and non-official language	65	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	66,405	61,220	1,055	250
None	65,100	60,565	750	240
English	210	95	75	0
French	645	355	230	10
Non-official language	400	175	0	0
Aboriginal	75	70	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	325	100	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,190	42,655	675	160
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,280	23,875	430	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,015	14,200	185	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,740	4,450	45	25
Commute to a different province or territory	155	135	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	52,230	48,330	790	170
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,605	41,470	660	130
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,090	2,880	50	10
Public transit	1,160	975	10	10
Walked	2,290	2,040	45	25
Bicycle	585	535	25	0
Other method	500	435	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	52,230	48,335	790	170
Less than 15 minutes	24,060	22,120	415	100
15 to 29 minutes	18,715	17,325	250	40
30 to 44 minutes	5,910	5,530	70	20
45 to 59 minutes	1,670	1,610	15	0
60 minutes and over	1,875	1,750	40	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	52,230	48,335	790	170
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,515	3,295	70	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,855	10,215	140	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,330	13,250	215	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,770	8,885	180	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,960	4,435	75	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,800	8,250	115	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	123,335	112,630	2,260	430
Non-movers	109,655	100,100	2,040	385
Movers	13,685	12,530	220	50
Non-migrants	7,845	7,410	115	40
Migrants	5,835	5,115	105	15
Internal migrants	5,390	4,915	90	15
Intraprovincial migrants	4,870	4,525	60	10
Interprovincial migrants	525	395	30	0
External migrants	440	205	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	118,485	107,940	2,225	400
Non-movers	79,570	72,275	1,505	185
Movers	38,910	35,665	715	220
Non-migrants	21,920	20,675	340	180
Migrants	16,990	14,995	375	40
Internal migrants	15,565	14,290	325	35
Intraprovincial migrants	14,130	13,105	270	25
Interprovincial migrants	1,435	1,185	55	15
External migrants	1,430	700	45	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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