Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Fraser Valley

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	288,765	222,845	2,820	575
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	288,765	222,845	2,825	580
0 to 14 years	53,460	45,195	110	100
0 to 4 years	17,435	14,655	35	25
5 to 9 years	18,130	15,445	40	45
10 to 14 years	17,895	15,100	40	35
15 to 64 years	185,775	143,460	1,765	395
15 to 19 years	17,945	14,880	80	50
20 to 24 years	17,480	14,305	120	25
25 to 29 years	17,135	13,585	85	25
30 to 34 years	18,545	13,910	85	55
35 to 39 years	17,555	12,935	145	25
40 to 44 years	17,710	12,915	110	25
45 to 49 years	18,870	14,335	170	65
50 to 54 years	20,870	16,375	305	65
55 to 59 years	20,905	15,955	340	15
60 to 64 years	18,760	14,265	310	40
65 years and over	49,530	34,185	945	80
65 to 69 years	17,105	12,790	295	40
70 to 74 years	12,465	8,860	215	25
75 to 79 years	9,035	5,925	210	0
80 to 84 years	6,155	3,705	140	10
85 years and over	4,770	2,900	90	10
85 to 89 years	3,405	2,005	75	10
90 to 94 years	1,090	710	20	0
95 to 99 years	240	165	0	0
100 years and over	35	20	0	0
Average age	40.3	38.8	54.9	39.5
Median age	40.6	38.7	57.8	42.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	235,305	177,645	2,710	475
Married or living common law	143,560	103,525	1,770	280
Married	124,080	85,815	1,440	220
Living common law	19,480	17,705	330	60
Not married and not living common law	91,740	74,125	935	195
Never married	57,830	48,260	405	140
Separated	6,905	5,670	90	0
Divorced	14,825	12,260	230	50
Widowed	12,185	7,925	220	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	235,300	177,645	2,705	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	226,010	170,255	2,640	455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,277	42,323	45,967	33,802
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,443	32,621	35,367	27,063
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	226,260	170,435	2,650	455
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,428	35,973	38,389	29,571
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,813	29,680	31,691	24,779
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	199,120	151,410	2,335	400
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,033	41,121	43,424	32,078
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,871	30,957	33,161	23,514
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	163,660	120,185	2,005	305
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,132	8,151	9,967	8,026
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,695	6,661	10,831	6,871
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	168,460	129,110	1,815	350
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,291	40,141	42,922	32,330
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,270	31,144	33,594	24,935
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	85.4	86.4	83.6	83.4
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	70.9	71.9	64.2	73.6
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	14.6	13.6	16.5	16.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	235,300	177,645	2,710	475
Without total income	9,290	7,390	65	25
With total income	226,015	170,255	2,645	455
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.8	97.6	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	32,490	23,870	270	90
$10,000 to $19,999	44,965	30,980	485	85
$20,000 to $29,999	34,040	24,605	400	70
$30,000 to $39,999	27,550	20,545	310	70
$40,000 to $49,999	22,220	17,145	255	20
$50,000 to $59,999	17,505	13,845	230	25
$60,000 to $69,999	12,735	10,345	145	15
$70,000 to $79,999	9,550	7,870	145	25
$80,000 to $89,999	7,725	6,470	130	40
$90,000 to $99,999	5,040	4,300	65	10
$100,000 and over	12,190	10,290	205	0
$100,000 to $149,999	9,060	7,720	135	0
$150,000 and over	3,130	2,565	75	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	235,300	177,645	2,710	475
Without after-tax income	9,040	7,210	60	25
With after-tax income	226,265	170,435	2,650	450
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.9	97.8	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	33,795	24,850	305	90
$10,000 to $19,999	47,165	32,480	490	90
$20,000 to $29,999	39,585	28,795	470	90
$30,000 to $39,999	31,725	24,125	375	70
$40,000 to $49,999	24,295	19,040	300	25
$50,000 to $59,999	16,810	13,695	215	20
$60,000 to $69,999	11,830	9,640	165	40
$70,000 to $79,999	8,260	7,030	120	30
$80,000 and over	12,795	10,780	215	0
$80,000 to $89,999	4,610	3,935	75	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,765	2,345	30	0
$100,000 and over	5,425	4,495	110	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	235,300	177,650	2,710	480
Without employment income	66,840	48,535	895	130
With employment income	168,460	129,110	1,815	350
Percentage with employment income	71.6	72.7	67.0	72.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	26,705	20,880	365	65
$5,000 to $9,999	14,185	9,900	130	45
$10,000 to $19,999	24,420	17,115	195	45
$20,000 to $29,999	20,345	14,895	160	50
$30,000 to $39,999	17,895	13,565	170	20
$40,000 to $49,999	15,725	12,055	155	25
$50,000 to $59,999	12,590	10,035	135	15
$60,000 to $69,999	9,545	7,710	85	20
$70,000 to $79,999	7,565	6,290	105	10
$80,000 and over	19,475	16,665	310	45
$80,000 to $89,999	6,275	5,290	105	35
$90,000 to $99,999	3,980	3,495	45	10
$100,000 and over	9,225	7,880	160	0
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	235,300	177,645	2,710	475
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	71,285	57,930	715	155
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	50,102	51,738	58,222	46,508
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	57,004	58,736	66,252	48,389
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	288,760	222,845	2,825	580
English only	266,630	214,190	455	130
French only	90	15	25	10
English and French	13,070	8,545	2,335	440
Neither English nor French	8,970	95	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	288,760	222,845	2,820	580
English	242,775	218,225	2,295	455
French	520	90	375	10
Non-official language	34,130	1,200	35	25
Aboriginal	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	34,105	1,195	35	30
English and French	275	130	85	50
English and non-official language	10,880	3,140	20	15
French and non-official language	45	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	140	55	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	288,765	222,845	2,820	580
None	262,325	218,110	1,820	395
English	10,990	540	230	20
French	1,900	1,010	690	150
Non-official language	13,260	3,150	60	0
Aboriginal	140	105	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	13,120	3,055	60	0
English and French	40	10	0	15
English and non-official language	125	10	0	0
French and non-official language	115	30	25	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	288,765	222,845	2,820	580
English	276,695	222,825	450	475
French	2,500	15	2,365	30
English and French	690	0	0	75
Neither English nor French	8,875	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	2,850	15	2,370	65
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.0	0.0	84.0	11.2
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	288,765	222,845	2,820	580
Official languages	279,790	222,750	2,815	575
English	279,695	222,735	2,790	570
French	13,165	8,555	2,365	450
Non-official languages	74,120	13,840	350	90
Aboriginal languages	400	280	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	73,725	13,565	345	90
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	288,765	222,845	2,825	580
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	22,205	21,705	255	50
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	21,565	21,080	245	50
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	13,705	13,450	35	30
Métis	7,785	7,550	205	20
Inuk (Inuit)	75	75	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	390	385	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	250	240	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	266,555	201,140	2,570	530
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	288,760	222,840	2,820	580
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	9,895	9,665	45	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	278,865	213,175	2,775	565
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	288,765	222,845	2,820	580
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	6,565	6,390	35	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	6,455	6,290	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	5,525	5,380	10	0
Métis single ancestry	920	890	25	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	110	105	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	80	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	25	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	17,305	16,835	340	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	16,665	16,220	330	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,540	10,325	125	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,020	5,800	200	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	100	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	640	615	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	635	610	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	264,895	199,615	2,445	515
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	288,760	222,845	2,820	580
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	269,995	218,270	2,755	570
Canadian citizens only	262,410	214,090	2,625	510
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	7,585	4,180	130	55
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	18,760	4,575	65	15
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	288,760	222,845	2,820	575
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	227,170	206,330	2,485	520
Immigrants^Footnote 44	58,805	15,770	320	60
Before 1981	19,025	8,530	160	30
1981 to 1990	6,540	1,670	45	15
1991 to 2000	11,675	1,840	30	10
2001 to 2010	14,430	2,590	65	15
2001 to 2005	6,740	1,080	40	10
2006 to 2010	7,690	1,510	25	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	7,140	1,150	20	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	2,790	745	15	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	58,805	15,775	320	60
Under 5 years	5,310	2,905	60	20
5 to 14 years	9,370	3,575	85	0
15 to 24 years	16,065	3,470	45	15
25 to 44 years	19,735	4,900	125	25
45 years and over	8,325	920	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	58,805	15,770	320	65
Americas	6,580	3,615	35	10
Brazil	265	30	0	0
Colombia	165	10	0	0
El Salvador	465	40	10	0
Guyana	75	75	0	0
Haiti	95	45	10	0
Jamaica	165	155	0	0
Mexico	405	20	0	0
Peru	75	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	115	105	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	3,065	2,900	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	1,685	225	10	0
Europe	18,515	8,510	200	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	110	0	0	0
Croatia	70	10	0	0
France	165	20	125	0
Germany	2,445	480	0	10
Greece	105	10	0	0
Hungary	285	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	250	250	0	0
Italy	285	40	15	0
Netherlands	2,915	295	10	0
Poland	770	55	0	0
Portugal	150	15	0	0
Romania	530	45	10	0
Russian Federation	585	35	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	85	0	0	0
Ukraine	575	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	7,010	6,890	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	2,175	330	35	0
Africa	1,710	755	55	15
Algeria	15	0	0	0
Egypt	110	25	0	0
Ethiopia	30	20	0	0
Kenya	165	80	0	0
Morocco	40	0	15	0
Nigeria	115	50	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	640	380	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	190	35	20
Asia	31,055	2,335	30	0
Afghanistan	50	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	1,145	80	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	240	15	0	10
India	22,520	1,275	10	0
Iran^Footnote 55	180	20	0	0
Iraq	140	10	0	0
Japan	260	20	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	1,250	90	0	0
Lebanon	45	10	0	0
Pakistan	340	60	0	0
Philippines	2,010	375	0	0
Sri Lanka	130	25	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	140	10	0	0
Taiwan	260	0	0	0
Viet Nam	910	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,435	305	25	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	945	555	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	7,145	1,150	25	0
Americas	640	365	10	0
Brazil	20	10	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	55	0	0
Mexico	70	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	350	300	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	0	10	0
Europe	645	300	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	45	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	10	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	15	0	0	0
Romania	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	275	265	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	195	10	0	0
Africa	245	100	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	25	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	30	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	40	0	0
Asia	5,515	310	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	230	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	3,775	215	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	15	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	45	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	345	10	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	20	0	0
Philippines	685	40	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	115	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	95	70	0	0
Australia	35	35	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	55	40	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	288,760	222,845	2,820	580
First generation^Footnote 73	63,420	18,005	345	65
Second generation^Footnote 74	69,890	53,325	360	140
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	155,460	151,515	2,115	370
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	40,620	7,535	170	30
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	12,665	3,740	90	20
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	5,070	1,290	30	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	7,600	2,450	60	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	24,890	3,500	60	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	2,900	250	15	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	165	40	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	288,760	222,840	2,825	575
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	58,530	14,445	165	90
South Asian^Footnote 85	39,920	7,315	25	45
Chinese	3,665	1,125	10	10
Black	2,495	1,960	50	10
Filipino	2,705	1,090	0	0
Latin American	2,050	420	15	0
Arab	505	60	10	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	2,285	675	25	25
West Asian^Footnote 87	355	45	0	0
Korean	2,130	325	0	0
Japanese	905	520	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	400	280	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	1,110	625	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	230,230	208,400	2,655	490
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	288,760	222,845	2,820	575
North American Aboriginal origins	23,865	23,230	375	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	16,805	16,425	145	40
Inuit	145	140	0	10
Métis	7,660	7,385	235	25
Other North American origins	67,860	64,700	1,070	195
Acadian	265	225	35	10
American	5,095	4,995	30	15
Canadian	64,260	61,220	1,010	180
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	85	90	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0
Québécois	80	40	35	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	70	65	0	0
European origins	202,095	180,270	2,285	440
British Isles origins	125,040	123,500	545	275
Channel Islander	20	20	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0
English	77,230	76,475	165	150
Irish	42,450	41,890	285	130
Manx	50	50	0	0
Scottish	55,400	54,910	160	115
Welsh	6,855	6,775	15	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	7,675	7,570	30	10
French origins	26,890	24,240	1,935	270
Alsatian	10	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0
French	26,885	24,245	1,940	270
Western European origins (except French origins)	84,185	72,285	235	105
Austrian	3,195	2,845	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,110	975	55	15
Dutch	31,405	26,565	40	20
Flemish	190	185	0	0
Frisian	235	150	0	0
German	56,855	49,350	115	65
Luxembourger	20	15	0	0
Swiss	1,940	1,660	35	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	40	40	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,140	23,090	40	10
Danish	4,355	3,995	0	10
Finnish	2,350	2,025	0	0
Icelandic	1,660	1,635	0	0
Norwegian	9,415	9,235	25	0
Swedish	7,750	7,555	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	920	890	0	0
Eastern European origins	41,840	36,290	90	25
Bulgarian	190	105	0	0
Byelorussian	100	35	0	0
Czech	1,085	845	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	605	570	10	0
Estonian	320	290	0	0
Hungarian	4,250	3,705	0	10
Latvian	215	180	0	0
Lithuanian	345	315	0	0
Moldovan	25	10	0	0
Polish	9,535	8,365	30	0
Romanian	2,070	1,480	10	0
Russian	12,720	10,940	30	0
Slovak	625	415	0	0
Ukrainian	16,680	15,260	15	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	160	155	0	0
Southern European origins	14,625	11,535	185	60
Albanian	210	65	0	0
Bosnian	155	30	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	665	485	0	10
Cypriot	25	25	0	0
Greek	1,170	895	10	10
Italian	7,715	6,760	125	40
Kosovar	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	25	0	0
Maltese	175	145	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,460	1,045	15	0
Serbian	270	135	10	0
Sicilian	45	45	0	0
Slovenian	205	160	0	0
Spanish	3,040	1,980	30	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	295	280	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	40	30	0	0
Other European origins	1,865	1,695	25	10
Basque	60	55	0	0
Jewish	705	600	20	10
Roma (Gypsy)	40	35	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	40	30	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	1,025	980	15	0
Caribbean origins	1,325	1,190	15	0
Antiguan	25	20	0	0
Bahamian	20	20	0	0
Barbadian	75	70	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	35	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	165	110	10	0
Jamaican	645	630	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	200	190	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	115	110	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	20	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,400	2,445	25	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	185	100	15	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	60	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	20	0	0
Brazilian	370	260	0	0
Chilean	235	150	10	0
Colombian	245	65	0	0
Costa Rican	75	30	0	0
Ecuadorian	90	50	0	0
Guatemalan	210	125	0	0
Guyanese	80	80	0	0
Hispanic	135	70	0	0
Honduran	70	30	0	0
Maya	10	15	0	0
Mexican	1,260	745	0	0
Nicaraguan	95	35	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0
Paraguayan	410	245	0	0
Peruvian	115	50	0	0
Salvadorean	695	270	10	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0
Venezuelan	55	30	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	270	145	0	0
African origins	3,165	2,320	75	30
Central and West African origins	320	185	25	10
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	25	20	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	15	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0
Malian	15	0	15	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	130	100	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	15	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	25	10	0	0
North African origins	535	260	15	10
Algerian	30	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0
Dinka	25	20	0	0
Egyptian	185	95	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	100	60	10	0
Sudanese	175	80	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	1,030	745	0	15
Afrikaner	20	20	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	15	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	125	90	0	0
Malagasy	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	40	30	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	15	0	0
South African	570	440	0	0
Tanzanian	20	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0
Zambian	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	80	60	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	120	85	0	0
Other African origins	1,430	1,210	30	10
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	200	195	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	1,240	1,025	30	10
Asian origins	54,630	13,075	80	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,680	680	20	0
Afghan	85	15	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	105	35	0	0
Armenian	125	45	0	0
Assyrian	35	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	330	75	0	0
Iraqi	120	55	0	0
Israeli	105	65	0	0
Jordanian	35	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	0	0	0
Lebanese	235	175	0	0
Palestinian	65	45	0	0
Pashtun	30	10	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	0	0	0
Syrian	165	80	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	25	10	0	0
Turk	165	50	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	90	20	0	0
South Asian origins	39,685	7,520	20	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	34,800	6,435	25	30
Goan	10	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	505	205	0	0
Punjabi	5,330	845	0	0
Sinhalese	35	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	150	75	0	0
Tamil	25	25	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	485	135	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,330	4,935	45	45
Burmese	60	15	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	115	45	0	0
Chinese	5,045	2,020	15	15
Filipino	3,055	1,310	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	175	110	0	0
Japanese	1,125	715	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	2,150	325	0	0
Laotian	550	195	25	10
Malaysian	100	40	0	0
Mongolian	50	40	0	0
Singaporean	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	120	35	0	0
Thai	250	105	0	10
Tibetan	10	10	0	0
Vietnamese	1,545	395	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	55	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	140	55	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	140	55	0	0
Oceania origins	1,730	1,525	10	0
Australian	850	840	0	0
New Zealander	215	210	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	695	500	0	0
Fijian	400	245	0	0
Hawaiian	155	145	0	0
Maori	60	55	0	0
Samoan	55	40	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	35	35	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	20	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	235,300	177,645	2,705	475
No certificate, diploma or degree	48,845	33,180	480	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	79,850	62,325	825	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	106,610	82,140	1,410	225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	24,030	20,000	385	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	10,605	8,705	195	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	13,415	11,295	185	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40,335	32,825	495	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,950	7,640	85	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	32,300	21,670	445	70
Bachelor's degree	21,095	14,435	245	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,095	2,250	45	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,170	685	10	0
Master's degree	6,200	3,835	110	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	735	465	25	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	235,305	177,650	2,710	475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	128,695	95,505	1,300	250
Education	8,555	6,850	140	25
13. Education	8,555	6,855	140	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,075	2,490	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	670	570	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,400	1,920	15	0
Humanities	7,340	4,560	65	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	495	195	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,240	900	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,285	980	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	370	300	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,910	1,475	15	0
54. History	880	630	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	80	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,900	7,720	115	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	75	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	475	370	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,550	2,085	25	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,500	1,215	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	175	160	0	0
42. Psychology	1,735	1,425	25	0
45. Social sciences	3,370	2,390	55	10
Business, management and public administration	18,385	14,255	230	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	55	45	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,755	1,455	20	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,570	12,760	210	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,490	1,600	40	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	985	675	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	710	385	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	540	365	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	250	175	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,770	1,835	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,215	1,435	25	0
25. Library science	275	225	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	270	165	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	23,725	19,075	365	50
04. Architecture and related services	270	165	10	0
14. Engineering	2,575	1,535	45	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,400	2,680	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,815	5,835	65	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,055	5,885	145	15
48. Precision production	3,605	2,980	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,965	2,280	45	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,160	1,600	40	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	805	680	10	0
Health and related fields	18,960	14,460	210	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,070	930	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	17,560	13,320	200	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	330	210	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,445	7,010	135	15
12. Personal and culinary services	5,140	4,215	80	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	25	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	90	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,345	1,115	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,815	1,555	30	0
Other	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	235,300	177,650	2,710	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	128,690	95,510	1,300	255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	106,605	82,140	1,405	225
Location of study inside Canada	89,555	75,950	1,270	205
Same as province or territory of residence	73,180	62,285	655	140
Different than province or territory of residence	16,370	13,660	615	70
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	17,055	6,190	140	15
United States^Footnote 132	3,265	2,705	50	0
Philippines	980	150	0	0
India	4,230	410	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	2,300	2,045	0	10
China^Footnote 134	450	0	0	0
France	60	10	40	0
Other	5,765	860	45	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	235,300	177,645	2,710	480
In the labour force	149,170	114,825	1,440	315
Employed	139,130	107,540	1,335	315
Unemployed	10,040	7,280	100	0
Not in the labour force	86,130	62,820	1,270	155
Participation rate	63.4	64.6	53.1	65.6
Employment rate	59.1	60.5	49.3	65.6
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.3	6.9	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	235,305	177,645	2,710	475
Did not work^Footnote 137	79,920	58,070	1,165	135
Worked	155,385	119,575	1,540	340
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	73,455	59,635	730	155
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	81,930	59,940	815	185
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.6	41.8	43.1
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	161,235	123,770	1,585	355
a.Management	16,330	12,925	145	35
00 Senior management occupations	1,185	970	20	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,655	3,110	40	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	5,610	4,425	40	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,875	4,420	50	25
b.Professional	17,760	14,045	255	45
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,790	2,160	30	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,060	1,570	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	2,460	1,870	10	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,545	1,060	25	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	4,765	3,990	120	25
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	3,060	2,550	25	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,080	845	10	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	14,010	11,720	155	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,790	3,110	30	10
32 Technical occupations in health	2,755	2,185	25	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	3,505	2,865	35	20
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,320	1,220	25	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,640	2,340	40	0
d.Administration and administrative support	18,630	15,450	180	35
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	6,665	5,550	80	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,270	1,845	30	0
14 Office support occupations	6,615	5,575	50	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	3,075	2,475	20	15
e.Sales	15,210	11,925	110	50
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,005	2,425	15	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	6,680	5,410	55	25
66 Sales support occupations	5,520	4,090	40	20
f.Personal and customer information services	30,090	23,155	285	90
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,175	2,350	20	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,785	3,980	70	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,175	3,770	25	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,195	5,640	85	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	9,770	7,420	90	55
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	16,265	13,450	190	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	10,835	8,895	120	20
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	5,425	4,555	70	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	15,860	11,315	150	20
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	3,250	2,435	30	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	9,340	6,105	100	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,275	2,785	20	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	9,045	4,910	60	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,040	795	10	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	5,160	2,500	15	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,840	1,615	35	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,035	4,875	60	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	875	665	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,280	1,430	30	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,335	975	15	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,550	1,805	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	161,235	123,775	1,585	355
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,400	5,980	80	15
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	10,055	4,970	55	15
113 Forestry and logging	570	505	10	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	140	100	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	635	405	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	880	820	15	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	195	185	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	325	315	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	360	315	15	0
22 Utilities	530	455	0	0
221 Utilities	530	455	0	0
23 Construction	16,960	14,100	135	45
236 Construction of buildings	5,045	4,090	50	20
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,620	1,515	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	10,300	8,490	75	30
31-33 Manufacturing	14,470	10,405	140	10
311 Food manufacturing	3,165	1,650	45	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	225	195	10	0
313 Textile mills	40	30	0	0
314 Textile product mills	35	20	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	55	30	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	2,525	1,735	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	125	95	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	335	300	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	105	100	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	390	340	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	785	550	10	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	780	660	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	355	300	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,650	1,290	25	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	905	775	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	185	145	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	190	150	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,020	865	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	1,070	750	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	520	425	20	10
41 Wholesale trade	5,620	4,400	70	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	180	95	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	70	60	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	935	565	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	405	295	10	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	450	415	10	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,290	1,070	25	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,340	1,145	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	780	630	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	170	115	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	18,100	14,475	140	50
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,485	2,180	30	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	690	565	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	630	420	15	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,410	1,150	20	10
445 Food and beverage stores	4,245	3,445	10	20
446 Health and personal care stores	1,550	1,165	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	840	590	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,515	1,160	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	650	575	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	2,355	1,785	30	15
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	1,190	985	15	0
454 Non-store retailers	545	445	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10,685	6,790	125	30
481 Air transportation	360	255	10	10
482 Rail transportation	405	320	10	10
483 Water transportation	145	130	0	0
484 Truck transportation	5,090	2,740	50	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,060	685	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	10	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	45	40	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,780	1,475	20	10
491 Postal service	495	405	20	0
492 Couriers and messengers	470	280	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	825	455	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,070	1,725	20	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	370	325	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	730	630	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	65	55	0	0
517 Telecommunications	590	465	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	20	0	0
519 Other information services	275	230	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,100	3,265	25	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,970	1,550	15	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	610	515	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,510	1,195	15	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,520	2,020	30	10
531 Real estate	2,125	1,660	20	10
532 Rental and leasing services	380	345	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	20	20	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,025	5,785	60	15
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,025	5,785	60	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	220	190	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	220	190	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	8,130	6,420	95	10
561 Administrative and support services	7,410	5,815	90	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	720	605	10	0
61 Educational services	10,185	8,635	205	35
611 Educational services	10,185	8,640	205	35
62 Health care and social assistance	16,630	12,995	140	50
621 Ambulatory health care services	5,085	3,965	60	0
622 Hospitals	4,700	3,645	15	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	3,195	2,370	45	0
624 Social assistance	3,655	3,015	20	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,525	2,245	35	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	690	600	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	205	185	10	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,625	1,450	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	12,315	9,055	65	50
721 Accommodation services	1,520	1,175	15	10
722 Food services and drinking places	10,800	7,875	50	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,520	6,665	70	15
811 Repair and maintenance	2,885	2,320	25	0
812 Personal and laundry services	2,640	1,905	15	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,340	1,965	15	10
814 Private households	655	480	10	10
91 Public administration	8,360	7,365	130	15
911 Federal government public administration	4,185	3,615	90	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,270	1,060	10	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,440	2,245	20	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	460	445	10	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	139,130	107,545	1,330	320
Worked at home	11,245	8,605	90	45
Worked outside Canada	520	340	15	0
No fixed workplace address	24,450	18,280	165	65
Worked at usual place	102,910	80,315	1,055	215
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	161,235	123,770	1,585	355
English	152,675	123,120	1,430	335
French	230	110	95	10
Non-official language	5,390	135	10	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,385	130	15	0
English and French	170	80	40	15
English and non-official language	2,750	325	10	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	161,235	123,775	1,585	355
None	152,900	122,280	1,230	325
English	2,000	135	80	0
French	840	470	255	20
Non-official language	5,415	865	10	0
Aboriginal	25	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,390	840	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	25	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	102,915	80,315	1,055	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	57,730	44,240	560	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,055	16,090	220	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25,555	19,525	275	55
Commute to a different province or territory	575	455	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	127,365	98,595	1,220	280
Car, truck, van - as a driver	107,545	83,915	1,000	200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	9,310	6,275	80	35
Public transit	2,780	2,015	60	0
Walked	4,845	4,025	40	30
Bicycle	1,070	910	10	10
Other method	1,810	1,450	30	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	127,360	98,595	1,225	280
Less than 15 minutes	43,705	33,855	375	100
15 to 29 minutes	38,330	29,000	380	85
30 to 44 minutes	21,115	16,280	215	25
45 to 59 minutes	9,605	7,600	90	15
60 minutes and over	14,605	11,855	160	50
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	127,365	98,595	1,225	275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	14,265	10,970	145	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	24,295	18,950	235	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30,285	24,275	335	95
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	22,575	17,785	240	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	13,645	9,760	100	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	22,295	16,850	165	65
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	285,430	220,000	2,815	575
Non-movers	241,290	186,350	2,455	485
Movers	44,145	33,645	365	90
Non-migrants	23,755	18,085	135	60
Migrants	20,385	15,560	230	35
Internal migrants	18,140	14,960	225	30
Intraprovincial migrants	15,080	12,730	150	20
Interprovincial migrants	3,060	2,230	80	10
External migrants	2,245	610	0	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	271,325	208,185	2,790	555
Non-movers	154,340	118,975	1,670	315
Movers	116,980	89,215	1,120	240
Non-migrants	62,750	48,810	455	105
Migrants	54,230	40,405	665	130
Internal migrants	46,165	38,460	610	135
Intraprovincial migrants	38,590	32,590	395	100
Interprovincial migrants	7,575	5,875	220	40
External migrants	8,065	1,940	55	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Fraser Valley

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.