Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Abbotsford, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
0 to 14 years	25,940	18,995	65	35
0 to 4 years	8,450	6,040	15	10
5 to 9 years	8,980	6,720	30	15
10 to 14 years	8,510	6,235	20	15
15 to 64 years	90,370	59,730	740	155
15 to 19 years	8,900	6,555	30	20
20 to 24 years	9,150	6,580	80	10
25 to 29 years	9,275	6,460	55	15
30 to 34 years	9,615	5,965	35	15
35 to 39 years	8,885	5,345	50	15
40 to 44 years	8,640	5,130	35	15
45 to 49 years	9,020	5,910	65	25
50 to 54 years	9,255	6,275	140	25
55 to 59 years	9,265	6,135	110	0
60 to 64 years	8,365	5,375	135	10
65 years and over	22,245	12,690	365	10
65 to 69 years	7,590	4,850	125	0
70 to 74 years	5,345	3,060	80	0
75 to 79 years	4,070	2,135	75	0
80 to 84 years	2,920	1,470	40	0
85 years and over	2,325	1,175	50	0
85 to 89 years	1,605	765	35	0
90 to 94 years	560	315	10	0
95 to 99 years	140	80	0	0
100 years and over	15	15	0	0
Average age	39.4	37.6	52.9	33.1
Median age	38.7	36.1	56.6	34.2
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	112,615	72,420	1,100	160
Married or living common law	69,100	41,130	705	85
Married	62,290	35,175	595	60
Living common law	6,810	5,960	110	25
Not married and not living common law	43,515	31,290	395	75
Never married	28,465	21,295	160	60
Separated	2,995	2,180	40	0
Divorced	6,305	4,795	105	10
Widowed	5,750	3,015	95	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	112,615	72,425	1,100	160
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,070	69,300	1,085	145
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,098	44,250	46,610	34,375
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,762	34,135	34,990	25,408
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,170	69,350	1,080	145
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,326	37,483	39,158	29,923
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,291	30,824	31,156	23,115
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,565	62,700	970	130
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,099	43,069	44,130	35,075
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,371	32,439	29,691	25,159
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,685	47,385	825	80
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,682	7,725	9,556	4,660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,752	5,621	10,622	1,446
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,440	54,325	755	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,890	41,382	43,647	35,306
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,614	32,511	33,387	25,132
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	86.2	88.1	84.6	94.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	72.1	73.3	64.7	88.5
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	13.8	11.9	15.6	7.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	112,615	72,425	1,105	155
Without total income	4,545	3,125	20	15
With total income	108,070	69,295	1,085	140
Percentage with total income	96.0	95.7	98.2	90.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,875	9,525	115	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	21,935	11,760	200	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	16,590	9,970	190	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	13,040	8,280	115	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	10,580	7,100	120	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	8,215	5,800	70	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	5,730	4,170	60	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	4,420	3,370	50	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	3,430	2,680	50	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	2,255	1,815	30	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	5,995	4,825	85	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	4,430	3,620	45	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	1,560	1,200	40	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	112,615	72,420	1,105	160
Without after-tax income	4,445	3,070	15	15
With after-tax income	108,170	69,350	1,085	145
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	95.8	98.2	90.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,425	9,860	130	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	23,075	12,385	205	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	19,120	11,625	190	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	15,065	9,865	165	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	11,340	7,800	125	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	7,700	5,710	80	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	5,485	4,140	50	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	3,660	2,945	50	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	6,295	5,015	95	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	2,180	1,750	20	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,385	1,130	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,730	2,135	65	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	112,615	72,420	1,105	155
Without employment income	30,170	18,095	350	30
With employment income	82,440	54,325	750	130
Percentage with employment income	73.2	75.0	67.9	83.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,980	8,155	125	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	7,575	4,235	75	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	12,795	7,200	90	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	10,225	6,195	70	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	8,820	5,730	50	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	8,005	5,295	70	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	6,090	4,315	65	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	4,325	3,130	35	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	3,515	2,715	45	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	9,120	7,360	125	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	2,795	2,185	45	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,860	1,565	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	4,460	3,610	60	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	112,610	72,420	1,105	160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	33,705	24,675	320	65
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	49,454	52,501	56,757	41,129
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	57,017	60,180	65,211	48,456
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
English only	124,480	87,410	190	35
French only	50	10	10	0
English and French	6,205	3,945	955	160
Neither English nor French	7,820	55	10	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
English	101,555	87,850	945	150
French	220	40	145	0
Non-official language	28,350	980	30	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	28,350	980	30	20
English and French	95	55	25	10
English and non-official language	8,195	2,450	15	10
French and non-official language	20	0	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	40	0	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	138,555	91,420	1,170	195
None	120,135	88,455	695	125
English	8,765	475	90	10
French	900	500	320	50
Non-official language	8,590	1,960	45	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,580	1,960	45	0
English and French	30	10	0	10
English and non-official language	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	10	20	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
English	129,225	91,415	195	160
French	1,050	10	975	0
English and French	520	0	0	30
Neither English nor French	7,755	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	1,315	10	975	20
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	0.9	0.0	83.3	10.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	138,555	91,415	1,165	195
Official languages	130,735	91,365	1,165	195
English	130,685	91,360	1,155	195
French	6,255	3,950	975	155
Non-official languages	53,265	8,660	220	60
Aboriginal languages	45	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	53,225	8,640	215	55
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	6,595	6,455	90	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	6,300	6,165	95	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	3,180	3,130	15	0
Métis	3,105	3,010	75	10
Inuk (Inuit)	20	20	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	195	190	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	100	105	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	131,955	84,960	1,075	185
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	1,615	1,575	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	136,935	89,840	1,155	190
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	138,555	91,420	1,170	195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	825	795	20	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	780	745	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	510	485	0	0
Métis single ancestry	270	255	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	50	50	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	50	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	6,445	6,275	130	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	6,205	6,050	130	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,740	3,670	55	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,415	2,340	75	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	45	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	240	225	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	245	230	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	131,285	84,345	1,025	180
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	138,555	91,420	1,170	195
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	125,245	89,170	1,135	185
Canadian citizens only	121,325	87,210	1,075	170
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,920	1,960	60	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	13,305	2,250	35	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	138,555	91,420	1,170	195
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	98,300	83,835	980	170
Immigrants^Footnote 44	38,220	7,160	175	20
Before 1981	9,235	3,395	70	0
1981 to 1990	4,310	815	35	0
1991 to 2000	8,485	965	15	10
2001 to 2010	10,755	1,380	35	10
2001 to 2005	5,195	625	20	0
2006 to 2010	5,560	755	10	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	5,435	605	20	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	2,035	425	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	38,220	7,155	175	20
Under 5 years	2,695	1,235	20	0
5 to 14 years	5,215	1,705	60	0
15 to 24 years	11,220	1,665	25	10
25 to 44 years	12,575	2,205	65	10
45 years and over	6,510	345	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	38,220	7,160	175	20
Americas	3,585	1,685	25	10
Brazil	195	10	0	0
Colombia	95	0	0	0
El Salvador	235	25	10	0
Guyana	35	35	0	0
Haiti	55	20	10	0
Jamaica	95	90	0	0
Mexico	175	0	0	0
Peru	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	55	45	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,415	1,315	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,205	150	0	0
Europe	7,350	3,035	85	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	60	0	0	0
Croatia	35	15	0	0
France	65	15	45	0
Germany	815	135	0	0
Greece	60	0	0	0
Hungary	130	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	75	80	0	0
Italy	160	25	10	0
Netherlands	1,150	115	10	0
Poland	335	20	0	0
Portugal	35	10	0	0
Romania	250	20	10	0
Russian Federation	315	25	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	395	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	2,480	2,410	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	965	160	15	0
Africa	980	455	35	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	0	0
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0
Kenya	115	70	0	0
Morocco	25	0	10	0
Nigeria	50	30	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	320	185	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	410	135	30	0
Asia	25,810	1,735	30	10
Afghanistan	45	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	660	50	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	105	10	0	10
India	20,400	1,115	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	90	10	0	0
Iraq	130	0	0	0
Japan	155	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	760	60	0	0
Lebanon	30	10	0	0
Pakistan	210	35	0	0
Philippines	1,235	195	0	0
Sri Lanka	70	15	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	105	0	0	0
Taiwan	140	0	0	0
Viet Nam	635	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,020	190	25	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	505	260	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	5,440	605	25	0
Americas	340	135	10	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	45	0	0
Mexico	35	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	120	85	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	0	10	0
Europe	275	125	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	10	10	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	10	0	0	0
Romania	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	100	100	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	10	0	0
Africa	170	75	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	10	0
Nigeria	35	25	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	25	0	0
Asia	4,595	230	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	125	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	3,535	180	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	215	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	0	0	0
Philippines	405	20	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	95	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	55	40	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	50	35	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
First generation^Footnote 73	41,180	8,285	185	20
Second generation^Footnote 74	37,200	24,745	180	55
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	60,170	58,390	800	120
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	29,480	3,905	115	15
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	7,290	1,745	70	15
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	2,865	545	10	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	4,430	1,195	55	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	20,130	1,985	25	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	1,975	165	15	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	80	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	138,555	91,415	1,170	195
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	46,635	10,010	150	60
South Asian^Footnote 85	35,315	6,015	25	30
Chinese	2,295	640	0	10
Black	1,410	1,085	45	0
Filipino	1,570	585	0	0
Latin American	1,115	205	15	0
Arab	335	40	10	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	1,535	435	25	15
West Asian^Footnote 87	215	35	10	0
Korean	1,335	185	0	0
Japanese	510	270	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	235	135	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	755	385	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	91,915	81,405	1,020	135
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	138,555	91,420	1,170	195
North American Aboriginal origins	7,275	7,075	150	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,545	4,435	65	10
Inuit	45	45	0	0
Métis	2,975	2,870	85	10
Other North American origins	27,345	25,530	380	45
Acadian	115	90	15	0
American	1,945	1,890	25	0
Canadian	26,050	24,275	365	40
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	25	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	0	0	0
European origins	84,035	73,330	965	140
British Isles origins	48,945	48,265	215	75
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0
English	30,285	29,940	55	45
Irish	16,395	16,200	115	35
Manx	20	25	0	0
Scottish	21,760	21,555	65	15
Welsh	2,610	2,580	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	3,115	3,055	25	0
French origins	10,280	9,215	820	50
Alsatian	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	10,280	9,215	820	55
Western European origins (except French origins)	37,805	31,945	95	40
Austrian	1,420	1,250	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	415	370	15	0
Dutch	13,735	11,440	20	0
Flemish	100	100	0	0
Frisian	100	75	0	0
German	26,650	22,630	55	30
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0
Swiss	905	775	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,795	9,340	10	0
Danish	1,820	1,640	0	0
Finnish	1,010	865	0	0
Icelandic	670	660	0	0
Norwegian	3,875	3,810	0	0
Swedish	3,150	3,075	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	335	320	0	0
Eastern European origins	18,795	15,880	45	10
Bulgarian	90	40	0	0
Byelorussian	70	15	0	0
Czech	345	255	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	220	210	0	0
Estonian	180	165	0	0
Hungarian	1,930	1,680	0	0
Latvian	80	65	0	0
Lithuanian	125	110	0	0
Moldovan	15	0	0	0
Polish	4,375	3,785	10	0
Romanian	930	630	10	0
Russian	6,490	5,465	15	10
Slovak	150	110	0	0
Ukrainian	7,060	6,200	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	70	65	0	0
Southern European origins	6,635	4,990	90	10
Albanian	95	10	0	0
Bosnian	100	15	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	310	215	0	0
Cypriot	25	25	0	0
Greek	605	445	0	0
Italian	3,410	2,915	60	10
Kosovar	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	15	0	0
Maltese	70	55	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	635	465	10	0
Serbian	130	65	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	130	105	0	0
Spanish	1,455	825	25	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	135	130	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	900	815	20	10
Basque	30	30	0	0
Jewish	360	310	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	20	15	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	485	460	10	0
Caribbean origins	735	645	15	0
Antiguan	15	20	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	50	50	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	10	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	100	65	15	0
Jamaican	350	340	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	105	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	65	65	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,345	1,155	25	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	25	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	15	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	230	140	0	0
Chilean	105	70	0	0
Colombian	155	20	0	0
Costa Rican	35	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	10	0	0
Guatemalan	105	40	0	0
Guyanese	25	25	0	0
Hispanic	80	55	0	0
Honduran	40	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	625	330	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	20	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	315	165	0	0
Peruvian	55	25	0	0
Salvadorean	385	145	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	20	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	165	105	0	0
African origins	1,700	1,210	60	10
Central and West African origins	160	85	25	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	0	15	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	55	45	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	25	10	0	10
North African origins	295	155	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	25	20	0	0
Egyptian	55	30	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	35	0	0
Sudanese	140	60	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	550	395	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	80	70	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	25	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0
South African	315	230	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	75	50	0	0
Other African origins	755	615	25	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	60	60	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	695	555	30	0
Asian origins	44,115	8,995	65	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,125	410	10	0
Afghan	85	20	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	75	15	0	0
Armenian	120	40	0	0
Assyrian	25	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	190	50	0	0
Iraqi	120	55	0	0
Israeli	75	50	0	0
Jordanian	30	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	100	75	0	0
Palestinian	40	30	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	0	0	0
Syrian	100	50	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0
Turk	110	20	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	70	15	0	0
South Asian origins	35,080	6,105	20	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30,835	5,305	25	30
Goan	15	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	370	130	0	0
Punjabi	4,900	680	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	95	45	0	0
Tamil	25	15	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	430	100	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,950	2,500	35	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	20	0	0
Chinese	2,970	995	10	15
Filipino	1,750	675	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	75	50	0	0
Japanese	570	325	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,350	185	10	0
Laotian	465	155	25	10
Malaysian	70	30	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	55	10	0	0
Thai	150	40	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,040	260	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	45	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	85	40	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	85	40	0	0
Oceania origins	845	695	0	0
Australian	370	365	0	0
New Zealander	75	70	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	415	270	0	0
Fijian	265	145	0	0
Hawaiian	70	65	0	0
Maori	35	30	0	0
Samoan	45	35	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	10	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	15	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	112,615	72,425	1,105	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,330	12,545	180	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	38,080	25,560	320	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,200	34,310	605	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,490	7,290	150	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	4,210	3,055	75	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	5,280	4,235	75	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,455	12,945	200	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,725	3,150	30	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,530	10,930	220	35
Bachelor's degree	12,175	7,395	110	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,490	955	25	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	710	380	10	0
Master's degree	3,760	1,975	65	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	400	225	20	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	112,615	72,420	1,105	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	62,410	38,110	500	60
Education	3,930	2,920	60	10
13. Education	3,930	2,925	60	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,460	1,050	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	220	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,195	835	10	0
Humanities	4,680	2,490	35	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	315	100	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	660	435	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,605	475	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	260	210	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,205	895	10	0
54. History	535	335	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	105	50	15	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,930	3,485	50	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	20	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	160	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,090	820	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	785	585	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	105	90	0	0
42. Psychology	880	675	15	0
45. Social sciences	1,815	1,130	25	0
Business, management and public administration	8,905	6,230	105	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	830	645	20	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,055	5,575	85	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,380	745	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	545	330	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	480	225	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	245	130	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	60	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,615	880	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,330	705	20	10
25. Library science	115	85	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	85	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,920	7,185	150	20
04. Architecture and related services	150	70	0	0
14. Engineering	1,430	705	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,500	1,095	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,740	2,200	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,820	2,140	45	10
48. Precision production	1,285	970	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,135	770	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	900	580	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	185	0	0
Health and related fields	8,830	5,980	100	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	540	455	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,085	5,400	100	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	125	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,405	2,565	55	0
12. Personal and culinary services	2,095	1,560	20	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0
43. Security and protective services	575	410	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	570	20	10
Other	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	112,610	72,420	1,105	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,415	38,110	500	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	50,200	34,310	605	100
Location of study inside Canada	39,685	31,280	530	100
Same as province or territory of residence	32,630	25,580	315	65
Different than province or territory of residence	7,055	5,700	220	30
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	10,515	3,030	75	0
United States^Footnote 132	1,800	1,415	35	0
Philippines	625	95	0	0
India	3,905	350	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	910	735	0	0
China^Footnote 134	255	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Other	3,000	435	35	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	112,615	72,420	1,105	155
In the labour force	73,750	48,945	620	125
Employed	68,865	46,290	565	120
Unemployed	4,885	2,660	55	0
Not in the labour force	38,865	23,475	480	35
Participation rate	65.5	67.6	56.1	80.6
Employment rate	61.2	63.9	51.1	77.4
Unemployment rate	6.6	5.4	8.9	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	112,615	72,420	1,100	160
Did not work^Footnote 137	35,900	21,460	430	30
Worked	76,715	50,965	670	125
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	34,680	25,345	325	70
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	42,035	25,620	350	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.7	40.7	44.2
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	79,735	52,695	690	135
a.Management	7,980	5,805	55	15
00 Senior management occupations	555	410	15	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,790	1,425	15	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,675	2,005	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,965	1,960	20	15
b.Professional	9,060	6,620	140	25
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,595	1,155	25	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,030	695	20	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,220	820	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	890	575	20	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,210	1,750	60	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,545	1,210	15	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	570	415	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,425	4,960	45	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,800	1,340	20	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,310	940	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,655	1,225	10	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	515	475	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,155	985	20	0
d.Administration and administrative support	9,210	7,090	90	10
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,275	2,550	40	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,105	845	20	0
14 Office support occupations	3,185	2,500	25	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,645	1,195	15	0
e.Sales	7,740	5,330	45	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,495	1,090	10	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,360	2,460	20	0
66 Sales support occupations	2,880	1,780	20	0
f.Personal and customer information services	13,975	9,255	115	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,460	890	10	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,085	1,585	35	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,395	1,440	10	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,400	2,340	30	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,640	3,000	30	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,235	5,350	70	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,865	3,540	55	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,375	1,810	20	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	8,215	4,445	70	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,640	985	15	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,195	2,440	50	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,385	1,020	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,240	1,705	35	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	450	245	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,165	895	10	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,625	570	15	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,645	2,135	15	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	415	255	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,235	645	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	715	425	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	2,280	810	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	79,735	52,690	690	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,740	2,265	30	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	6,280	2,045	25	10
113 Forestry and logging	105	60	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	25	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	325	150	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	290	265	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	50	45	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	120	115	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	115	105	0	0
22 Utilities	245	185	0	0
221 Utilities	245	190	0	0
23 Construction	7,650	5,630	65	25
236 Construction of buildings	2,275	1,650	25	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	620	565	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	4,755	3,415	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	7,715	4,655	60	0
311 Food manufacturing	2,005	800	15	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	105	90	10	0
313 Textile mills	30	15	0	0
314 Textile product mills	20	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	10	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	1,215	620	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	65	50	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	175	160	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	35	30	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	200	155	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	395	235	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	435	330	10	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	150	105	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	875	605	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	390	330	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	105	75	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	70	50	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	460	370	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	720	435	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	235	180	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,095	2,195	35	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	135	50	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	35	30	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	555	260	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	285	195	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	195	175	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	700	550	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	735	600	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	350	265	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	120	70	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,630	6,135	45	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,015	830	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	380	285	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	335	175	10	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	600	430	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,855	1,320	10	0
446 Health and personal care stores	840	550	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	405	250	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	870	600	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	315	275	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,270	875	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	520	390	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	220	155	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,520	3,260	70	10
481 Air transportation	190	135	0	10
482 Rail transportation	195	135	0	0
483 Water transportation	40	35	0	0
484 Truck transportation	3,330	1,270	25	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	600	300	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,025	790	0	0
491 Postal service	235	170	15	0
492 Couriers and messengers	295	145	10	10
493 Warehousing and storage	585	275	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,035	815	10	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	205	170	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	385	320	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	20	20	0	0
517 Telecommunications	290	195	10	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	25	20	0	0
519 Other information services	115	95	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,160	1,515	15	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	995	690	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	380	300	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	780	515	10	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	15	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,295	1,005	15	0
531 Real estate	1,050	790	15	0
532 Rental and leasing services	235	210	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,450	2,655	30	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,450	2,660	30	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	110	85	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	105	85	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,690	2,515	45	0
561 Administrative and support services	3,380	2,290	40	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	315	225	0	0
61 Educational services	4,830	3,845	110	15
611 Educational services	4,830	3,845	110	20
62 Health care and social assistance	7,710	5,305	65	25
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,310	1,590	25	10
622 Hospitals	2,280	1,575	10	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,465	895	20	0
624 Social assistance	1,655	1,245	10	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	975	805	25	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	300	240	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	50	40	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	625	520	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,830	3,710	30	20
721 Accommodation services	460	280	10	10
722 Food services and drinking places	5,370	3,430	25	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,435	3,065	30	0
811 Repair and maintenance	1,375	950	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	1,340	795	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,390	1,075	10	10
814 Private households	330	240	0	0
91 Public administration	3,325	2,780	25	10
911 Federal government public administration	1,535	1,215	15	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	590	460	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,170	1,080	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	25	25	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	68,865	46,290	565	120
Worked at home	5,385	3,720	35	25
Worked outside Canada	295	165	0	0
No fixed workplace address	12,340	7,535	65	35
Worked at usual place	50,850	34,870	470	70
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	79,735	52,690	685	135
English	72,435	52,210	615	125
French	120	65	45	0
Non-official language	4,775	115	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,770	110	10	0
English and French	90	40	15	10
English and non-official language	2,305	260	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	79,735	52,690	685	135
None	73,345	51,800	485	130
English	1,680	100	50	0
French	410	225	140	0
Non-official language	4,250	560	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,250	565	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	50,845	34,875	470	70
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,390	21,360	285	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,985	2,795	60	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,215	10,525	130	25
Commute to a different province or territory	265	190	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	63,185	42,405	535	100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,455	36,360	435	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,960	2,555	55	0
Public transit	1,435	915	25	10
Walked	2,130	1,680	10	10
Bicycle	405	340	0	0
Other method	805	560	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	63,190	42,410	535	100
Less than 15 minutes	22,365	15,305	185	45
15 to 29 minutes	19,670	12,715	180	20
30 to 44 minutes	10,290	6,790	70	10
45 to 59 minutes	4,825	3,330	35	10
60 minutes and over	6,035	4,270	65	20
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	63,185	42,410	535	100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,805	4,395	65	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,860	7,955	100	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,710	10,520	155	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,650	8,195	120	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,005	4,145	45	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,155	7,195	55	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	136,935	90,210	1,165	195
Non-movers	115,730	76,865	1,010	160
Movers	21,205	13,345	155	35
Non-migrants	11,850	7,215	55	25
Migrants	9,355	6,130	95	10
Internal migrants	7,555	5,725	95	10
Intraprovincial migrants	6,115	4,780	75	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,440	950	15	0
External migrants	1,800	405	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	130,105	85,380	1,155	190
Non-movers	73,830	49,280	665	100
Movers	56,270	36,095	495	85
Non-migrants	32,110	21,035	225	55
Migrants	24,160	15,065	265	35
Internal migrants	18,135	14,025	230	35
Intraprovincial migrants	14,865	11,680	165	25
Interprovincial migrants	3,265	2,350	65	10
External migrants	6,025	1,035	40	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Abbotsford, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.8%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.