Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in North Cowichan, DM

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	29,035	26,130	320	85
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	29,035	26,130	320	85
0 to 14 years	4,325	4,115	15	15
0 to 4 years	1,330	1,265	0	0
5 to 9 years	1,400	1,320	0	20
10 to 14 years	1,600	1,540	10	0
15 to 64 years	17,580	15,970	190	50
15 to 19 years	1,550	1,460	0	0
20 to 24 years	1,305	1,210	10	10
25 to 29 years	1,300	1,190	0	10
30 to 34 years	1,435	1,345	15	0
35 to 39 years	1,495	1,330	15	0
40 to 44 years	1,490	1,360	15	0
45 to 49 years	1,740	1,560	25	10
50 to 54 years	2,225	2,040	30	15
55 to 59 years	2,490	2,220	25	0
60 to 64 years	2,540	2,250	40	0
65 years and over	7,130	6,040	120	15
65 to 69 years	2,575	2,290	55	0
70 to 74 years	1,865	1,605	30	10
75 to 79 years	1,275	1,005	15	0
80 to 84 years	780	645	0	0
85 years and over	630	495	10	0
85 to 89 years	405	310	10	0
90 to 94 years	200	160	0	0
95 to 99 years	30	25	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	45.6	44.6	55.2	39.2
Median age	49.6	48.3	59.0	46.5
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	24,710	22,010	305	70
Married or living common law	15,370	13,435	220	45
Married	12,540	10,785	180	25
Living common law	2,830	2,655	40	20
Not married and not living common law	9,340	8,575	85	30
Never married	5,170	4,870	25	15
Separated	785	715	10	0
Divorced	1,935	1,775	35	0
Widowed	1,445	1,215	20	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	24,710	22,010	305	70
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,810	21,175	305	65
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,326	42,922	44,288	39,609
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,715	33,098	32,606	31,786
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,840	21,205	305	70
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,987	36,396	37,372	34,351
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,550	29,927	29,821	30,122
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,515	19,100	280	55
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,223	40,102	39,338	40,786
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,781	30,198	23,363	27,877
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,710	15,660	210	50
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,260	9,128	11,676	7,695
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,667	8,416	11,390	5,367
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,750	15,025	220	55
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,982	37,700	37,996	31,488
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,332	28,441	21,939	26,408
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	83.7	84.3	81.5	87.1
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	61.5	62.3	61.9	67.3
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	16.3	15.7	18.2	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	24,705	22,010	305	65
Without total income	900	835	0	0
With total income	23,815	21,175	305	65
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.2	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,180	2,805	30	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,315	3,775	50	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,610	3,150	65	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,975	2,630	30	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,460	2,190	65	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,845	1,680	0	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,520	1,385	20	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,085	990	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	865	800	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	505	425	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,455	1,345	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,080	1,000	10	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	370	345	10	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	24,710	22,010	305	65
Without after-tax income	865	810	0	0
With after-tax income	23,840	21,205	300	65
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.3	98.4	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,325	2,925	35	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,600	4,030	50	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,175	3,670	65	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,390	3,010	55	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,615	2,320	30	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,990	1,845	20	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,295	1,195	15	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	945	810	10	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,510	1,390	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	520	465	0	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	355	340	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	635	590	20	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	24,710	22,010	305	70
Without employment income	7,960	6,985	85	15
With employment income	16,750	15,030	220	55
Percentage with employment income	67.8	68.3	72.1	78.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,440	2,990	55	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	1,370	1,210	15	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	2,085	1,810	30	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	1,730	30	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	1,770	1,640	15	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,400	1,255	30	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	1,090	10	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	930	870	0	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	690	660	0	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,960	1,775	30	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	675	610	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	395	345	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	890	820	25	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	24,710	22,010	305	65
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	6,240	5,765	65	15
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	49,987	49,914	43,645	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	56,658	56,446	72,234	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	29,035	26,130	320	85
English only	27,125	24,900	35	25
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,700	1,225	285	65
Neither English nor French	205	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	29,035	26,130	320	85
English	27,780	25,935	275	85
French	35	0	35	0
Non-official language	895	70	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	885	60	0	0
English and French	15	10	0	0
English and non-official language	305	110	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	29,035	26,130	320	85
None	27,555	25,760	200	75
English	390	45	20	0
French	225	120	85	10
Non-official language	855	210	10	0
Aboriginal	30	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	825	185	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	29,035	26,130	320	85
English	28,515	26,130	35	90
French	285	0	285	0
English and French	35	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	205	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	300	0	285	0
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.0	0.0	89.1	0.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	29,035	26,130	320	85
Official languages	28,830	26,130	320	85
English	28,830	26,130	320	90
French	1,700	1,230	285	60
Non-official languages	3,440	1,025	30	10
Aboriginal languages	80	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,355	960	35	10
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	29,030	26,130	320	85
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	2,375	2,290	45	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	2,300	2,225	45	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	1,590	1,575	0	0
Métis	680	625	40	10
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	35	30	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	40	35	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	26,660	23,840	275	65
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	29,035	26,130	320	85
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	1,335	1,315	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,695	24,815	320	75
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	29,035	26,130	320	90
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	665	640	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	650	635	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	565	555	0	0
Métis single ancestry	85	80	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	1,940	1,855	55	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	1,805	1,720	50	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,160	1,135	25	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	615	560	30	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	30	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	135	135	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	135	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	26,430	23,640	265	60
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	29,030	26,130	320	85
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	27,870	25,570	305	85
Canadian citizens only	26,970	24,885	285	75
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	905	685	15	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	1,160	560	20	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	29,035	26,130	320	90
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	24,520	23,635	285	85
Immigrants^Footnote 44	4,345	2,460	35	0
Before 1981	2,635	1,595	10	0
1981 to 1990	440	270	0	0
1991 to 2000	375	180	0	0
2001 to 2010	470	275	10	0
2001 to 2005	205	110	10	0
2006 to 2010	260	165	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	420	135	10	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	175	40	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	4,345	2,460	35	0
Under 5 years	555	400	0	0
5 to 14 years	890	545	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,120	525	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,500	820	25	0
45 years and over	275	165	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	4,345	2,455	35	0
Americas	590	500	0	0
Brazil	20	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0
Mexico	20	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	15	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	440	430	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	30	0	0
Europe	2,535	1,585	35	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0
France	30	10	25	0
Germany	245	35	0	0
Greece	10	10	0	0
Hungary	45	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	45	40	0	0
Italy	40	0	0	0
Netherlands	305	25	0	0
Poland	30	0	0	0
Portugal	35	10	0	0
Romania	30	10	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	1,405	1,390	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	235	40	10	0
Africa	90	70	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	25	0	0
Asia	980	180	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	90	45	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	15	0	0	0
India	385	25	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	75	30	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	0	0	0
Philippines	170	45	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	55	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	145	125	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	425	135	10	0
Americas	40	35	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	35	30	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	45	10	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	40	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0
Africa	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	260	35	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	20	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	30	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	0	0	0
Philippines	75	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	50	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	25	15	0	0
Australia	15	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	15	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	29,030	26,130	320	85
First generation^Footnote 73	4,695	2,660	40	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	6,080	5,610	30	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	18,255	17,860	250	75
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	1,790	935	25	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	800	430	0	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	335	190	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	465	240	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	840	465	15	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	135	25	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	20	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	29,030	26,130	320	85
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	2,070	880	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	870	285	0	0
Chinese	310	160	0	0
Black	85	75	0	0
Filipino	235	100	0	0
Latin American	70	10	0	0
Arab	75	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	140	50	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	0	0
Japanese	140	100	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	45	35	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	25	20	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	26,965	25,250	315	90
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	29,035	26,130	320	85
North American Aboriginal origins	2,605	2,495	60	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,880	1,825	30	10
Inuit	35	25	0	0
Métis	845	785	35	25
Other North American origins	8,185	7,995	115	30
Acadian	25	15	0	0
American	540	515	15	0
Canadian	7,785	7,615	110	30
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	25	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	23,130	21,455	270	70
British Isles origins	17,680	17,495	90	45
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	11,775	11,665	55	35
Irish	5,495	5,425	50	10
Manx	20	20	0	0
Scottish	7,975	7,930	10	15
Welsh	1,230	1,225	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	880	875	0	0
French origins	2,835	2,560	215	40
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	2,840	2,560	220	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,235	5,455	30	15
Austrian	290	250	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	185	160	0	10
Dutch	2,115	1,760	15	0
Flemish	15	20	0	0
Frisian	15	15	0	0
German	4,040	3,645	15	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	190	165	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	15	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,190	3,050	0	10
Danish	600	550	0	0
Finnish	360	295	0	0
Icelandic	220	215	0	0
Norwegian	1,185	1,165	0	10
Swedish	1,070	1,040	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	135	130	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,210	2,925	10	10
Bulgarian	20	10	0	0
Byelorussian	20	25	0	0
Czech	140	105	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	110	100	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	335	280	0	0
Latvian	35	25	0	0
Lithuanian	40	40	0	0
Moldovan	20	25	0	0
Polish	830	750	10	10
Romanian	170	145	0	0
Russian	540	515	0	0
Slovak	55	45	0	0
Ukrainian	1,365	1,310	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	25	30	0	0
Southern European origins	1,525	1,240	15	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	90	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	35	0	0
Italian	895	770	15	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	220	165	0	0
Serbian	30	10	0	0
Sicilian	25	20	0	0
Slovenian	25	20	0	0
Spanish	215	150	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	25	25	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	145	130	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	55	50	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	25	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	65	50	0	0
Caribbean origins	90	90	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	45	45	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	15	15	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	15	15	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	200	110	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	50	35	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	0	0
Chilean	45	10	0	0
Colombian	15	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	55	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	15	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	10	0	0
African origins	165	130	25	0
Central and West African origins	10	15	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	0	0	0
North African origins	35	20	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	45	10	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	50	30	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	25	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	45	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	40	40	0	0
Asian origins	2,050	940	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	165	90	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	45	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	900	315	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	845	300	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0
Punjabi	50	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	975	525	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	375	225	0	0
Filipino	225	90	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	0	0
Japanese	150	110	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	15	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	55	20	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	30	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	15	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	30	20	0	0
Oceania origins	255	230	10	0
Australian	120	105	10	0
New Zealander	85	85	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	40	0	0
Fijian	20	10	0	0
Hawaiian	15	15	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	24,710	22,010	305	70
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,260	3,760	25	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	7,525	6,915	60	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,925	11,335	215	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,020	2,690	45	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	1,210	1,085	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	1,810	1,600	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,940	4,400	95	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	935	825	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,025	3,425	75	20
Bachelor's degree	2,555	2,225	50	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	370	285	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	150	0	0
Master's degree	815	670	15	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	110	100	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	24,710	22,010	305	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	11,785	10,675	85	15
Education	1,000	905	25	15
13. Education	1,000	900	25	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	325	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	260	10	0
Humanities	565	470	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	55	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	155	145	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	90	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	110	0	0
54. History	55	40	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,210	1,070	15	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	110	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	260	245	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	215	195	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	15	15	0	0
42. Psychology	220	205	0	0
45. Social sciences	375	305	10	0
Business, management and public administration	2,070	1,805	55	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	190	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,875	1,615	55	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	395	345	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	140	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	50	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	135	120	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	30	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	210	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	160	0	0
25. Library science	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	40	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,005	2,630	25	15
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	0	0
14. Engineering	330	270	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	400	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	795	700	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	815	750	0	0
48. Precision production	545	480	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	430	355	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	180	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	175	0	0
Health and related fields	2,685	2,375	45	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	95	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,540	2,240	45	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	40	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	935	850	20	0
12. Personal and culinary services	570	515	15	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	10	0
43. Security and protective services	80	65	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	245	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	24,705	22,010	305	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,785	10,670	85	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	12,920	11,335	220	50
Location of study inside Canada	11,260	10,295	200	45
Same as province or territory of residence	8,355	7,720	80	45
Different than province or territory of residence	2,905	2,575	120	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	1,660	1,045	20	10
United States^Footnote 132	390	350	0	0
Philippines	90	20	0	0
India	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	545	540	10	0
China^Footnote 134	15	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Other	495	135	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	24,710	22,010	305	65
In the labour force	14,150	12,845	165	55
Employed	13,255	12,005	160	50
Unemployed	900	840	0	0
Not in the labour force	10,560	9,165	140	10
Participation rate	57.3	58.4	54.1	84.6
Employment rate	53.6	54.5	52.5	76.9
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.5	0.0	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	24,705	22,010	305	65
Did not work^Footnote 137	9,810	8,480	130	15
Worked	14,900	13,530	180	55
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	6,415	5,930	65	15
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	8,480	7,600	110	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.1	38.1	39.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	15,450	14,025	180	55
a.Management	1,530	1,405	20	0
00 Senior management occupations	135	125	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	335	325	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	640	555	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	425	400	10	0
b.Professional	2,085	1,860	50	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	310	265	15	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	300	275	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	310	260	10	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	225	190	10	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	400	365	10	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	350	335	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	185	170	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	1,540	1,435	10	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	495	465	0	10
32 Technical occupations in health	265	240	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	380	365	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	95	90	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	300	270	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	1,790	1,660	25	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	795	750	10	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	200	180	0	0
14 Office support occupations	540	490	10	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	255	235	10	0
e.Sales	1,430	1,315	15	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	245	220	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	610	570	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	570	525	0	10
f.Personal and customer information services	3,250	2,855	45	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	405	330	10	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	435	375	10	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	605	500	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	700	660	10	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,100	985	15	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	1,535	1,415	15	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,050	965	10	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	485	450	0	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,050	980	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	225	195	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	595	565	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	230	215	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	630	585	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	185	165	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	205	190	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	240	230	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	610	520	10	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	175	155	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	235	185	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	40	30	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	170	150	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	15,455	14,025	180	55
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	725	655	10	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	325	300	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	275	250	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	45	40	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	80	65	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	160	155	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	55	50	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	35	35	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	70	70	0	0
22 Utilities	80	70	0	0
221 Utilities	80	70	0	10
23 Construction	1,315	1,240	0	10
236 Construction of buildings	430	400	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	125	125	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	760	710	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,360	1,210	10	0
311 Food manufacturing	100	85	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	30	25	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	315	260	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	430	395	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	10	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	20	20	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	35	30	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	70	65	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	10	10	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	60	55	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	85	75	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	35	30	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	50	45	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	70	65	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	35	25	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	285	265	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	45	45	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	80	75	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	50	40	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	40	35	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,055	1,885	20	10
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	280	250	10	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	45	35	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	115	110	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	135	135	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	645	605	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	185	165	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	80	65	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	125	115	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	70	65	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	220	215	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	90	85	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	65	55	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	540	485	0	0
481 Air transportation	35	35	0	0
482 Rail transportation	10	10	0	0
483 Water transportation	85	80	10	0
484 Truck transportation	170	155	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	55	40	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	110	100	0	0
491 Postal service	40	40	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	30	30	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	15	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	225	205	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	80	75	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	10	15	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	15	0	0
517 Telecommunications	85	70	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	10	0	0
519 Other information services	40	30	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	400	390	0	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	215	210	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	40	40	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	145	140	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	285	275	0	0
531 Real estate	225	215	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	65	55	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	790	730	15	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	790	725	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	780	720	20	0
561 Administrative and support services	735	675	10	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	50	40	10	0
61 Educational services	1,000	920	10	15
611 Educational services	1,005	925	10	15
62 Health care and social assistance	2,200	1,900	35	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	960	835	20	10
622 Hospitals	455	390	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	385	325	0	0
624 Social assistance	395	345	10	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	385	365	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	145	135	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	45	50	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	190	185	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,325	1,145	0	0
721 Accommodation services	220	195	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,110	950	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	715	655	10	0
811 Repair and maintenance	195	175	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	295	280	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	155	130	10	0
814 Private households	70	65	0	0
91 Public administration	780	725	15	0
911 Federal government public administration	265	245	15	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	230	210	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	260	250	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	20	20	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	13,255	12,005	160	50
Worked at home	1,235	1,100	25	10
Worked outside Canada	30	20	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,020	1,880	10	10
Worked at usual place	9,975	9,000	120	35
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	15,450	14,025	180	50
English	15,345	14,000	165	40
French	20	10	15	0
Non-official language	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	40	0	0	0
English and French	15	0	0	15
English and non-official language	25	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	15,455	14,025	180	55
None	15,200	13,900	145	50
English	45	0	15	0
French	90	60	25	0
Non-official language	110	55	0	0
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	35	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,970	9,005	120	40
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,370	3,960	50	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,050	3,645	35	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,425	1,285	35	0
Commute to a different province or territory	125	110	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	11,990	10,880	130	50
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,950	9,050	105	40
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	725	665	0	0
Public transit	195	185	10	0
Walked	665	590	0	0
Bicycle	180	150	10	0
Other method	275	245	10	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	11,990	10,880	130	50
Less than 15 minutes	4,990	4,465	55	25
15 to 29 minutes	4,170	3,810	30	10
30 to 44 minutes	1,140	1,040	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	650	615	10	0
60 minutes and over	1,040	945	30	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	11,990	10,880	130	45
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,005	905	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,130	1,960	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,970	2,705	50	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,650	2,390	25	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,335	1,220	15	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,895	1,705	10	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	28,830	25,930	320	85
Non-movers	24,960	22,510	260	85
Movers	3,870	3,420	65	0
Non-migrants	1,795	1,640	30	0
Migrants	2,070	1,780	35	0
Internal migrants	1,895	1,720	35	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,380	1,255	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	510	465	25	0
External migrants	175	55	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	27,705	24,865	320	85
Non-movers	16,910	15,185	190	60
Movers	10,795	9,680	130	25
Non-migrants	5,290	4,950	45	0
Migrants	5,505	4,730	85	20
Internal migrants	4,940	4,510	85	20
Intraprovincial migrants	3,500	3,195	45	20
Interprovincial migrants	1,445	1,320	40	0
External migrants	565	220	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – North Cowichan, DM

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.1%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.