Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Kingston, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	120,215	102,810	4,235	650
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	120,220	102,810	4,240	655
0 to 14 years	18,095	16,455	640	225
0 to 4 years	5,880	5,370	165	75
5 to 9 years	6,185	5,660	220	75
10 to 14 years	6,030	5,425	260	75
15 to 64 years	80,045	68,285	2,785	385
15 to 19 years	6,810	6,105	170	55
20 to 24 years	9,380	8,300	215	70
25 to 29 years	9,010	7,625	290	55
30 to 34 years	7,960	6,705	240	40
35 to 39 years	7,270	6,005	340	30
40 to 44 years	6,640	5,430	335	25
45 to 49 years	7,470	6,305	290	40
50 to 54 years	9,010	7,570	360	20
55 to 59 years	8,800	7,580	355	15
60 to 64 years	7,695	6,655	195	25
65 years and over	22,075	18,070	810	45
65 to 69 years	6,995	5,930	255	10
70 to 74 years	5,415	4,395	185	10
75 to 79 years	3,895	3,070	160	15
80 to 84 years	3,080	2,465	125	15
85 years and over	2,695	2,210	90	0
85 to 89 years	1,905	1,530	80	0
90 to 94 years	665	575	0	0
95 to 99 years	120	110	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.6	40.9	42.8	28.2
Median age	41.2	40.2	43.3	23.5
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	102,125	86,355	3,600	430
Married or living common law	56,160	46,000	2,335	205
Married	44,520	35,685	1,735	145
Living common law	11,640	10,310	595	65
Not married and not living common law	45,960	40,355	1,265	220
Never married	29,385	26,040	770	160
Separated	3,320	2,850	125	25
Divorced	7,365	6,475	230	15
Widowed	5,890	4,990	140	15
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	102,120	86,355	3,600	430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,505	83,330	3,525	400
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,611	46,785	56,386	42,643
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,151	35,271	50,422	36,761
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,525	83,355	3,525	400
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,112	39,238	46,886	36,218
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,910	31,935	44,235	34,716
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,740	75,020	3,315	365
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,281	45,446	54,175	41,356
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,268	33,394	48,299	25,982
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,290	62,045	2,290	305
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,822	7,888	8,447	6,139
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,049	6,247	6,807	2,778
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,435	60,865	2,725	325
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,719	41,586	52,344	42,199
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,014	30,941	49,607	34,261
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	87.5	87.4	90.4	88.5
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	64.9	64.9	71.6	80.4
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.5	12.6	9.7	10.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	102,125	86,355	3,595	430
Without total income	3,615	3,025	75	30
With total income	98,505	83,335	3,525	400
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.5	98.1	93.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,490	10,230	280	105
$10,000 to $19,999	17,120	14,660	405	40
$20,000 to $29,999	13,775	11,710	355	40
$30,000 to $39,999	11,135	9,455	310	25
$40,000 to $49,999	10,025	8,565	380	50
$50,000 to $59,999	7,905	6,740	355	30
$60,000 to $69,999	6,640	5,550	375	50
$70,000 to $79,999	4,715	4,070	280	10
$80,000 to $89,999	4,100	3,545	200	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,795	2,355	170	0
$100,000 and over	7,795	6,455	415	40
$100,000 to $149,999	5,330	4,390	330	30
$150,000 and over	2,465	2,065	80	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	102,125	86,355	3,600	425
Without after-tax income	3,595	3,005	75	25
With after-tax income	98,530	83,350	3,525	400
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.5	97.9	94.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,995	10,660	290	105
$10,000 to $19,999	17,960	15,360	445	40
$20,000 to $29,999	15,660	13,380	370	35
$30,000 to $39,999	13,355	11,330	470	65
$40,000 to $49,999	11,400	9,765	450	40
$50,000 to $59,999	8,525	7,205	525	50
$60,000 to $69,999	6,420	5,465	330	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,185	3,550	225	15
$80,000 and over	8,020	6,635	430	40
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	2,120	155	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,555	1,265	125	15
$100,000 and over	3,870	3,245	145	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	102,120	86,355	3,595	430
Without employment income	30,690	25,485	875	105
With employment income	71,430	60,870	2,725	325
Percentage with employment income	69.9	70.5	75.8	75.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,595	9,865	335	70
$5,000 to $9,999	6,325	5,335	150	25
$10,000 to $19,999	9,715	8,330	275	30
$20,000 to $29,999	7,325	6,330	190	35
$30,000 to $39,999	6,800	5,875	210	15
$40,000 to $49,999	6,435	5,560	240	30
$50,000 to $59,999	5,130	4,425	205	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,580	3,750	345	35
$70,000 to $79,999	3,360	2,910	190	10
$80,000 and over	10,170	8,495	580	55
$80,000 to $89,999	3,040	2,570	170	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,115	1,775	150	10
$100,000 and over	5,010	4,145	265	35
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	102,125	86,355	3,600	430
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	32,705	28,105	1,390	115
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	53,952	53,654	66,174	59,058
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	62,674	62,398	70,557	71,993
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	120,215	102,810	4,240	650
English only	103,320	92,425	200	100
French only	270	10	245	0
English and French	15,980	10,355	3,790	555
Neither English nor French	650	25	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	120,220	102,810	4,240	650
English	110,500	101,875	2,035	405
French	2,135	80	1,905	70
Non-official language	5,035	205	20	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,020	205	20	0
English and French	480	85	210	160
English and non-official language	1,895	540	10	0
French and non-official language	45	0	40	0
English, French and non-official language	125	25	25	10
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	120,215	102,810	4,235	650
None	109,605	99,955	2,335	425
English	3,190	160	935	55
French	2,655	1,540	855	150
Non-official language	4,440	1,095	55	20
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,435	1,085	55	20
English and French	90	20	0	0
English and non-official language	90	10	10	0
French and non-official language	140	45	40	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	120,215	102,810	4,240	655
English	114,865	102,800	200	415
French	4,210	10	4,035	70
English and French	520	0	0	165
Neither English nor French	625	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	4,470	10	4,035	155
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	3.7	0.0	95.2	23.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	120,220	102,810	4,235	650
Official languages	119,565	102,785	4,240	650
English	119,295	102,780	3,995	650
French	16,250	10,365	4,035	550
Non-official languages	17,065	4,435	510	115
Aboriginal languages	70	40	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,995	4,405	500	120
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	120,220	102,810	4,240	650
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	4,225	4,010	120	50
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	4,070	3,870	125	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	2,665	2,585	40	0
Métis	1,360	1,235	85	45
Inuk (Inuit)	50	50	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	80	70	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	75	75	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	115,995	98,800	4,115	605
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	120,215	102,810	4,240	650
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	1,115	1,055	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	119,105	101,750	4,220	650
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	120,215	102,810	4,235	655
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	850	790	25	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	840	785	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	670	630	10	0
Métis single ancestry	155	140	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	5,830	5,455	295	75
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	5,685	5,330	295	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,260	4,035	210	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,375	1,240	85	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	50	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	150	130	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	120	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	113,535	96,565	3,915	575
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	120,220	102,810	4,240	655
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	115,215	101,130	4,090	640
Canadian citizens only	111,145	98,755	3,945	600
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	4,075	2,375	140	40
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	5,005	1,680	150	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	120,215	102,810	4,235	650
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	102,740	96,195	3,845	605
Immigrants^Footnote 44	15,840	6,315	355	50
Before 1981	7,415	3,865	115	10
1981 to 1990	1,720	575	45	10
1991 to 2000	2,065	500	45	0
2001 to 2010	3,010	965	70	25
2001 to 2005	1,440	435	15	20
2006 to 2010	1,575	530	55	10
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	1,630	410	85	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	1,640	300	40	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	15,840	6,315	355	50
Under 5 years	1,910	1,250	45	0
5 to 14 years	3,215	1,425	80	15
15 to 24 years	3,550	1,350	50	10
25 to 44 years	6,205	2,000	150	20
45 years and over	965	280	25	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	15,840	6,315	355	45
Americas	2,390	1,615	35	10
Brazil	110	10	0	0
Colombia	70	10	0	0
El Salvador	175	10	10	0
Guyana	85	75	0	0
Haiti	20	0	10	0
Jamaica	170	170	0	0
Mexico	100	10	0	0
Peru	35	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	95	90	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,205	1,135	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	325	100	10	10
Europe	7,540	3,500	120	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	0	0	0
Croatia	30	0	0	0
France	120	25	90	0
Germany	610	150	0	0
Greece	175	10	0	0
Hungary	70	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	95	95	0	0
Italy	430	30	10	0
Netherlands	640	100	0	0
Poland	280	15	0	0
Portugal	1,190	80	0	0
Romania	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	105	20	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	70	0	0	0
Ukraine	95	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	2,895	2,845	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	620	100	15	0
Africa	1,070	350	160	20
Algeria	40	0	15	10
Egypt	265	30	10	0
Ethiopia	20	0	0	0
Kenya	65	30	0	0
Morocco	60	0	20	10
Nigeria	60	55	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	80	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	435	145	105	10
Asia	4,705	715	40	0
Afghanistan	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	115	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	950	70	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	120	10	0	0
India	720	205	10	0
Iran^Footnote 55	295	0	0	0
Iraq	85	10	0	0
Japan	80	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	345	15	0	0
Lebanon	70	25	20	10
Pakistan	365	40	0	0
Philippines	510	125	0	0
Sri Lanka	140	30	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	10	0	0
Viet Nam	155	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	600	150	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	135	135	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	1,630	410	80	0
Americas	265	110	0	10
Brazil	55	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	10
Jamaica	10	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	105	105	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	0	10	10
Europe	205	115	10	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	15	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	15	20	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	90	90	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	0	0	0
Africa	200	45	65	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	0	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	0	25	0
Egypt	45	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0
Nigeria	25	20	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	10	0	0
Asia	955	125	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	195	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	10	0	0	0
India	135	55	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	110	0	0	0
Iraq	30	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	0	0
Pakistan	45	10	0	0
Philippines	130	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	15	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	10	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	10	10	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	120,215	102,810	4,240	650
First generation^Footnote 73	18,575	7,595	435	70
Second generation^Footnote 74	20,025	17,610	300	180
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	81,615	77,605	3,500	400
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	8,645	2,525	250	40
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	4,920	1,345	190	25
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	1,915	440	70	10
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	3,010	910	120	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	2,635	1,005	35	15
Refugees^Footnote 81	1,060	160	20	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	25	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	120,220	102,810	4,240	650
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	11,655	4,580	295	140
South Asian^Footnote 85	2,395	970	10	10
Chinese	2,535	680	0	0
Black	1,755	1,285	175	60
Filipino	755	360	0	15
Latin American	880	160	15	10
Arab	1,020	290	65	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	545	205	10	10
West Asian^Footnote 87	460	35	10	0
Korean	525	95	0	0
Japanese	190	110	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	165	145	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	430	240	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	108,565	98,230	3,945	515
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	120,215	102,810	4,240	655
North American Aboriginal origins	6,685	6,245	325	80
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,085	4,800	230	25
Inuit	85	80	0	10
Métis	1,680	1,510	100	65
Other North American origins	43,985	41,115	2,380	305
Acadian	370	295	65	0
American	1,840	1,805	20	10
Canadian	42,620	39,845	2,300	305
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	115	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	10
Québécois	65	15	50	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	10	10	0	0
European origins	90,020	80,845	2,820	490
British Isles origins	69,265	68,140	715	265
Channel Islander	25	25	0	0
Cornish	15	15	0	0
English	38,700	38,165	305	160
Irish	33,385	32,865	390	90
Manx	40	40	0	0
Scottish	29,645	29,375	155	80
Welsh	2,900	2,875	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	4,400	4,360	0	20
French origins	17,575	14,625	2,500	345
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	10	0
French	17,565	14,625	2,495	345
Western European origins (except French origins)	19,565	17,590	270	150
Austrian	755	675	0	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0
Belgian	425	325	40	15
Dutch	6,880	6,150	40	15
Flemish	45	25	0	0
Frisian	30	15	0	0
German	12,630	11,510	170	105
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	465	375	30	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,810	3,605	30	10
Danish	940	870	0	0
Finnish	700	620	15	0
Icelandic	260	255	0	0
Norwegian	1,025	1,000	10	0
Swedish	975	925	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	175	170	0	0
Eastern European origins	9,430	7,810	155	45
Bulgarian	40	20	0	0
Byelorussian	30	15	0	0
Czech	535	370	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	120	110	0	0
Estonian	150	105	0	0
Hungarian	990	850	0	0
Latvian	160	140	0	0
Lithuanian	260	215	10	0
Moldovan	15	10	0	0
Polish	3,745	3,100	75	25
Romanian	460	345	15	10
Russian	1,195	935	40	15
Slovak	300	240	0	0
Ukrainian	2,795	2,540	30	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	65	50	0	0
Southern European origins	10,340	7,060	200	50
Albanian	60	15	0	0
Bosnian	35	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	285	210	15	0
Cypriot	20	10	0	0
Greek	925	570	0	10
Italian	4,430	3,590	105	15
Kosovar	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	55	35	0	0
Maltese	105	105	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,445	1,880	40	0
Serbian	180	70	0	0
Sicilian	60	60	0	0
Slovenian	95	85	0	0
Spanish	1,035	615	45	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	140	125	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	680	605	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	365	320	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	25	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	20	20	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	260	240	10	0
Caribbean origins	1,120	985	10	15
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	135	135	0	0
Bermudan	20	20	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	105	25	0	0
Dominican	30	15	0	0
Grenadian	15	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	45	20	10	10
Jamaican	535	525	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0
St. Lucian	30	25	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	125	120	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	15	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	65	65	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	45	50	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,375	645	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	20	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	30	15	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	145	60	0	0
Chilean	30	20	0	0
Colombian	125	20	0	0
Costa Rican	40	35	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	0	10	0
Guatemalan	60	45	0	0
Guyanese	125	110	0	15
Hispanic	20	15	0	0
Honduran	45	15	0	0
Maya	25	10	0	0
Mexican	255	135	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	35	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	170	40	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	75	50	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	105	45	0	0
African origins	2,125	1,170	235	75
Central and West African origins	400	175	130	20
Akan	15	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0
Cameroonian	70	10	65	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	80	30	0	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	20	20	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0
Liberian	15	15	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	20	0	20	0
Nigerian	70	50	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	15	10	0	0
Togolese	15	20	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	30	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	45	15	15	0
North African origins	805	290	80	30
Algerian	35	20	0	0
Berber	50	0	30	0
Coptic	30	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	450	195	25	0
Libyan	40	30	0	0
Maure	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	115	30	25	0
Sudanese	50	10	0	0
Tunisian	50	10	10	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	30	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	430	295	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	0	15	0
Djiboutian	10	10	0	0
Eritrean	30	15	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	60	45	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0
Somali	30	15	0	0
South African	205	180	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	30	15	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	20	15	0	0
Other African origins	525	415	30	25
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	70	55	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	470	360	35	25
Asian origins	9,450	3,560	95	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,035	775	75	20
Afghan	75	15	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	385	130	30	0
Armenian	100	45	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	10	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	575	125	10	0
Iraqi	95	20	0	0
Israeli	65	50	0	0
Jordanian	35	20	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	15	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	295	215	25	0
Palestinian	105	55	0	0
Pashtun	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	105	10	0	0
Syrian	100	45	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	170	45	10	0
Turkmen	20	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	35	15	0	0
South Asian origins	2,610	1,130	15	10
Bangladeshi	95	10	0	0
Bengali	40	15	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,800	870	15	0
Goan	35	35	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	35	10	0	0
Nepali	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	405	130	0	0
Punjabi	65	15	10	0
Sinhalese	15	20	0	0
Sri Lankan	165	45	0	0
Tamil	40	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	75	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,945	1,745	10	15
Burmese	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	105	65	0	0
Chinese	2,915	930	10	0
Filipino	865	425	10	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	20	0	0
Japanese	245	140	0	0
Karen	25	0	0	0
Korean	555	100	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	40	20	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0
Taiwanese	40	15	0	0
Thai	65	30	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	300	120	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	40	25	0	0
Oceania origins	265	255	0	10
Australian	185	170	0	10
New Zealander	70	65	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	20	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	102,125	86,355	3,600	430
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,110	12,010	350	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	28,450	25,065	915	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,560	49,285	2,330	285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,760	4,795	310	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	2,795	2,270	180	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	2,970	2,525	130	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,040	21,445	800	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,430	1,045	60	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	28,325	21,995	1,160	100
Bachelor's degree	16,450	13,460	650	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,440	1,170	45	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,370	975	30	15
Master's degree	6,280	4,645	255	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	2,785	1,745	185	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	102,120	86,355	3,600	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	42,565	37,075	1,270	145
Education	3,910	3,315	195	15
13. Education	3,915	3,315	195	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,155	1,845	95	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	335	285	40	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,820	1,560	50	10
Humanities	4,125	3,420	210	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	345	200	45	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,185	1,025	40	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	760	595	40	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	50	45	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	315	290	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	370	320	10	0
54. History	895	815	35	0
55. French language and literature/letters	210	125	45	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,425	7,145	295	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	155	135	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	605	515	25	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,465	1,250	35	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,170	1,000	45	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	605	540	20	0
42. Psychology	1,675	1,490	30	0
45. Social sciences	2,745	2,205	130	10
Business, management and public administration	9,645	8,020	395	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,280	1,170	20	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,355	6,845	375	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,235	2,330	125	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,670	1,285	35	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	330	245	35	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	30	20	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,120	710	55	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	70	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,285	1,765	120	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,655	1,315	100	0
25. Library science	145	115	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	455	315	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	25	25	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,160	7,225	370	40
04. Architecture and related services	320	260	15	0
14. Engineering	2,805	1,700	135	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,080	1,810	75	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,970	1,765	55	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,425	1,240	60	10
48. Precision production	560	450	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	680	550	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	260	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	290	10	0
Health and related fields	11,790	10,100	320	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	835	760	25	10
51. Health professions and related programs	10,410	8,925	290	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	545	415	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,130	3,550	185	35
12. Personal and culinary services	2,180	1,785	95	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	170	145	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	155	125	30	0
43. Security and protective services	1,310	1,215	45	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	280	10	0
Other	10	15	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	102,125	86,355	3,600	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,560	37,075	1,265	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	59,560	49,280	2,330	280
Location of study inside Canada	52,635	46,165	2,150	265
Same as province or territory of residence	46,195	41,255	1,345	200
Different than province or territory of residence	6,440	4,915	800	65
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	6,925	3,120	185	20
United States^Footnote 132	1,670	1,345	30	10
Philippines	315	55	10	0
India	405	80	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	1,240	1,095	10	10
China^Footnote 134	410	0	0	0
France	125	0	75	0
Other	2,755	525	65	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	102,125	86,355	3,600	425
In the labour force	63,770	54,440	2,320	290
Employed	58,710	50,175	2,205	250
Unemployed	5,060	4,270	110	40
Not in the labour force	38,350	31,910	1,280	140
Participation rate	62.4	63.0	64.4	68.2
Employment rate	57.5	58.1	61.2	58.8
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.8	4.7	13.8
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	102,125	86,355	3,600	425
Did not work^Footnote 137	35,550	29,690	1,085	115
Worked	66,575	56,665	2,515	315
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	33,450	28,700	1,405	115
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	33,120	27,965	1,110	195
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.7	44.1	36.9
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	68,365	58,195	2,560	325
a.Management	6,155	5,225	230	10
00 Senior management occupations	425	365	15	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,655	2,225	170	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,195	1,810	40	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	880	825	10	0
b.Professional	16,480	13,040	715	100
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,740	1,480	50	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,100	1,640	70	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,825	1,645	50	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,205	1,685	60	25
40 Professional occupations in education services	5,520	3,985	385	20
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,285	1,935	55	25
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	805	670	50	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	8,215	6,920	570	65
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,625	1,380	90	15
32 Technical occupations in health	1,530	1,275	50	15
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,700	1,420	105	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,845	1,460	300	20
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,520	1,385	35	0
d.Administration and administrative support	7,795	6,805	340	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,660	3,150	190	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	485	425	15	0
14 Office support occupations	2,690	2,360	115	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	960	870	20	15
e.Sales	6,565	5,935	170	25
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,185	1,050	45	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,060	2,790	70	15
66 Sales support occupations	2,320	2,095	60	10
f.Personal and customer information services	14,700	12,590	355	65
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,240	1,045	20	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,850	1,615	45	15
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,810	2,320	60	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,840	3,360	110	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,950	4,255	125	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,395	3,070	75	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,450	2,220	50	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	940	845	25	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	3,015	2,715	75	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	550	520	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,725	1,565	35	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	745	625	30	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	840	795	0	10
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	130	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	155	155	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	550	515	10	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,195	1,100	15	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	210	190	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	425	405	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	220	185	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	345	320	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	68,360	58,195	2,560	325
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	325	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	280	270	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	10	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	15	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	30	35	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	105	10	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	15	10	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	40	40	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	70	60	0	0
22 Utilities	330	280	20	0
221 Utilities	325	280	20	0
23 Construction	3,715	3,340	50	15
236 Construction of buildings	1,075	960	25	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	405	385	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,235	1,990	15	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,455	2,110	30	10
311 Food manufacturing	185	160	10	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	80	80	0	0
313 Textile mills	40	35	10	0
314 Textile product mills	15	20	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	25	15	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	45	45	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	35	30	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	75	60	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	15	10	10	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	480	435	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	115	100	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	150	140	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	210	200	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	165	140	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	195	160	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	80	65	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	65	50	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	250	175	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	55	50	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	185	150	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,185	1,075	20	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	290	270	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	150	135	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	105	95	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	220	205	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	225	185	15	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	145	135	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	25	20	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,045	7,195	140	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	810	770	10	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	245	235	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	270	245	10	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	580	525	10	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,760	1,580	30	0
446 Health and personal care stores	860	685	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	185	160	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	870	775	10	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	435	405	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	1,155	1,020	25	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	590	540	15	0
454 Non-store retailers	285	250	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,585	1,395	40	10
481 Air transportation	40	25	10	0
482 Rail transportation	35	25	0	0
483 Water transportation	10	15	0	0
484 Truck transportation	360	330	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	480	420	15	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	10	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	45	35	10	0
488 Support activities for transportation	170	140	10	0
491 Postal service	150	150	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	210	180	0	10
493 Warehousing and storage	75	65	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,070	975	40	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	230	205	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	210	190	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	80	70	10	10
517 Telecommunications	280	270	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	35	20	10	0
519 Other information services	235	220	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,955	1,680	75	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	680	585	20	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	360	320	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	915	775	50	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,285	1,105	25	0
531 Real estate	1,150	980	20	0
532 Rental and leasing services	130	125	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,415	2,930	85	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,415	2,930	90	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	35	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,245	2,885	90	25
561 Administrative and support services	3,110	2,755	90	20
562 Waste management and remediation services	135	130	0	0
61 Educational services	9,560	7,425	475	55
611 Educational services	9,560	7,430	470	55
62 Health care and social assistance	10,830	9,215	310	60
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,990	2,545	55	35
622 Hospitals	4,520	3,855	120	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,570	1,305	50	10
624 Social assistance	1,760	1,515	90	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,660	1,545	30	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	520	465	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	195	180	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	950	895	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	6,770	5,660	140	35
721 Accommodation services	1,030	890	10	0
722 Food services and drinking places	5,740	4,770	125	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,725	2,320	75	15
811 Repair and maintenance	645	585	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	1,000	825	15	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	910	780	35	0
814 Private households	180	130	10	0
91 Public administration	8,035	6,610	905	50
911 Federal government public administration	5,425	4,235	835	35
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,175	1,040	35	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	1,425	1,325	30	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	58,710	50,170	2,205	250
Worked at home	3,480	3,005	110	0
Worked outside Canada	265	130	20	10
No fixed workplace address	5,460	4,725	175	40
Worked at usual place	49,505	42,315	1,895	205
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	68,365	58,190	2,560	325
English	66,770	57,730	2,000	275
French	690	195	400	15
Non-official language	255	25	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	250	20	0	0
English and French	435	185	160	30
English and non-official language	195	55	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	68,365	58,195	2,555	320
None	64,135	56,230	1,200	200
English	610	160	275	20
French	3,005	1,645	1,065	100
Non-official language	570	145	10	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	565	140	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,510	42,315	1,900	205
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	44,890	38,375	1,790	185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	310	290	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,080	3,475	85	15
Commute to a different province or territory	225	175	25	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	54,970	47,040	2,075	245
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,300	33,875	1,600	185
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,990	3,390	115	10
Public transit	4,565	3,770	130	30
Walked	5,115	4,295	170	10
Bicycle	1,335	1,140	50	0
Other method	670	570	10	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	54,965	47,040	2,075	245
Less than 15 minutes	21,245	18,245	905	115
15 to 29 minutes	25,105	21,485	895	85
30 to 44 minutes	5,935	5,035	200	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,310	1,130	40	10
60 minutes and over	1,370	1,140	40	15
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	54,970	47,040	2,075	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,205	1,945	90	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,590	7,575	340	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,435	14,190	735	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,280	11,040	505	110
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,315	5,015	165	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,150	7,280	240	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	119,030	101,740	4,210	635
Non-movers	98,915	84,985	3,400	485
Movers	20,115	16,755	815	150
Non-migrants	12,550	11,120	280	65
Migrants	7,565	5,635	535	85
Internal migrants	6,420	5,225	490	85
Intraprovincial migrants	4,805	4,210	175	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,615	1,020	320	30
External migrants	1,145	410	40	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	114,340	97,440	4,075	580
Non-movers	64,140	55,355	1,990	280
Movers	50,195	42,085	2,090	300
Non-migrants	28,245	25,465	675	110
Migrants	21,950	16,625	1,410	180
Internal migrants	18,515	15,315	1,290	165
Intraprovincial migrants	14,095	12,160	575	105
Interprovincial migrants	4,420	3,155	715	60
External migrants	3,435	1,305	120	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Kingston, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.