Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Les Appalaches

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	40,760	395	39,945	155
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	40,760	390	39,945	155
0 to 14 years	5,830	60	5,685	60
0 to 4 years	1,860	30	1,790	35
5 to 9 years	2,090	20	2,040	25
10 to 14 years	1,880	10	1,855	0
15 to 64 years	24,740	265	24,175	90
15 to 19 years	1,890	20	1,845	15
20 to 24 years	1,940	15	1,905	15
25 to 29 years	1,775	20	1,715	0
30 to 34 years	1,965	15	1,925	20
35 to 39 years	2,370	20	2,325	0
40 to 44 years	2,030	30	1,955	10
45 to 49 years	2,170	50	2,090	0
50 to 54 years	3,050	35	2,985	0
55 to 59 years	3,710	25	3,665	0
60 to 64 years	3,835	35	3,765	10
65 years and over	10,195	75	10,085	0
65 to 69 years	3,680	10	3,665	10
70 to 74 years	2,610	35	2,565	0
75 to 79 years	1,795	10	1,780	0
80 to 84 years	1,275	15	1,250	0
85 years and over	830	0	830	0
85 to 89 years	630	0	630	0
90 to 94 years	170	0	175	0
95 to 99 years	25	0	25	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0
Average age	46.1	44.5	46.2	23.0
Median age	50.8	48.1	51.0	19.5
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	34,930	335	34,260	95
Married or living common law	21,400	235	20,965	45
Married	13,240	125	12,965	30
Living common law	8,160	115	7,995	10
Not married and not living common law	13,530	100	13,295	50
Never married	8,300	60	8,160	45
Separated	325	0	310	0
Divorced	2,560	20	2,515	0
Widowed	2,340	15	2,315	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	34,930	340	34,260	95
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,310	325	33,655	95
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,679	39,364	34,679	31,928
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,062	31,753	29,059	36,424
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,310	325	33,665	90
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,912	33,530	29,912	27,450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,577	27,098	26,580	31,396
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,020	275	29,450	85
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,374	38,089	30,342	29,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,717	32,268	24,709	36,903
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,345	275	27,800	75
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,809	8,896	9,841	6,214
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,254	8,633	9,325	3,279
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,265	215	21,790	80
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,303	38,961	31,295	24,660
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,057	33,548	27,058	16,954
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	76.6	80.4	76.6	85.9
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	58.6	65.5	58.4	68.7
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	23.4	18.8	23.4	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	34,930	340	34,260	95
Without total income	625	15	600	0
With total income	34,310	325	33,660	90
Percentage with total income	98.2	95.6	98.2	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,640	40	3,535	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	7,555	65	7,430	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	6,530	50	6,435	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	5,500	40	5,405	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,410	40	4,320	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,690	20	2,630	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,455	20	1,430	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	15	1,025	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	470	10	455	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	270	10	260	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	760	20	740	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	520	20	495	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	240	0	245	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	34,930	335	34,260	95
Without after-tax income	620	15	600	0
With after-tax income	34,315	325	33,665	95
Percentage with after-tax income	98.2	97.0	98.3	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,775	45	3,670	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	7,960	60	7,835	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	7,905	70	7,785	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	6,805	45	6,690	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,090	40	3,985	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,880	25	1,845	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	820	15	805	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	380	10	370	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	705	20	685	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	205	10	200	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	155	10	145	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	350	0	340	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	34,930	340	34,260	95
Without employment income	12,665	120	12,465	15
With employment income	22,265	215	21,795	85
Percentage with employment income	63.7	63.2	63.6	89.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,305	25	3,230	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	1,860	20	1,805	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	3,560	25	3,495	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,445	0	3,400	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,330	40	3,260	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,650	20	2,595	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,645	20	1,605	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	840	20	810	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	715	0	705	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	910	30	880	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	275	15	255	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	180	0	180	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	460	10	445	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	34,930	340	34,260	95
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	9,660	105	9,470	20
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	38,653	42,533	38,582	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	42,898	48,936	42,866	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	40,755	395	39,945	160
English only	40	20	0	0
French only	32,165	10	31,965	10
English and French	8,550	365	7,980	150
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	40,760	395	39,945	155
English	305	155	95	40
French	40,075	185	39,700	65
Non-official language	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	60	0	0	0
English and French	205	50	100	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	0	40	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	40,760	395	39,945	160
None	39,190	200	38,750	120
English	1,175	100	1,040	30
French	210	90	75	10
Non-official language	160	10	65	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	160	0	65	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	40,760	395	39,945	155
English	445	385	0	45
French	40,240	10	39,945	65
English and French	70	0	0	45
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	480	385	0	70
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.2	97.5	0.0	45.2
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	40,760	395	39,945	160
Official languages	40,755	395	39,945	155
English	8,590	385	7,975	150
French	40,720	375	39,945	155
Non-official languages	910	30	595	20
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	910	30	590	20
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	40,760	395	39,945	155
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	415	0	400	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	395	0	380	15
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	185	0	180	10
Métis	205	0	200	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	15	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,345	390	39,550	145
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	40,760	395	39,945	160
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	95	0	90	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,660	395	39,855	150
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	40,760	395	39,945	155
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	350	0	335	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	345	0	335	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	270	0	260	10
Métis single ancestry	70	10	70	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	675	20	650	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	665	20	640	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	585	20	560	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	0	75	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	39,735	370	38,955	145
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	40,760	395	39,945	155
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	40,425	360	39,750	155
Canadian citizens only	40,270	330	39,660	145
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	150	30	90	10
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	340	40	195	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	40,760	395	39,945	160
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	40,100	330	39,580	150
Immigrants^Footnote 44	550	60	280	10
Before 1981	175	40	90	0
1981 to 1990	95	10	50	0
1991 to 2000	100	10	70	0
2001 to 2010	95	0	25	0
2001 to 2005	55	0	10	0
2006 to 2010	45	0	20	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	90	0	40	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	110	0	80	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	555	60	280	10
Under 5 years	105	0	75	0
5 to 14 years	120	35	65	10
15 to 24 years	105	10	50	0
25 to 44 years	180	10	60	0
45 years and over	45	0	30	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	555	60	280	10
Americas	280	55	120	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	0	30	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	135	50	80	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	0	0
Europe	190	0	125	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	110	0	115	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	10	0
Africa	50	0	20	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	10	0
Asia	35	10	15	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	15	0	10	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	90	0	45	0
Americas	25	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	35	0	30	0
France	30	0	30	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	25	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	40,755	395	39,945	155
First generation^Footnote 73	695	75	380	10
Second generation^Footnote 74	670	70	560	25
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	39,395	250	39,000	130
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	390	20	195	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	155	0	100	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	80	0	40	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	80	0	60	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	190	15	90	10
Refugees^Footnote 81	45	0	10	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	40,760	395	39,945	155
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	365	15	210	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	10	0	10	0
Chinese	30	10	15	0
Black	150	10	130	0
Filipino	10	10	0	0
Latin American	85	0	20	0
Arab	40	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	30	0	20	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	10	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	40,395	380	39,735	150
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	40,760	395	39,945	155
North American Aboriginal origins	1,025	25	985	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	870	20	840	10
Inuit	0	0	10	0
Métis	165	10	160	0
Other North American origins	33,885	235	33,520	105
Acadian	80	0	80	0
American	165	40	125	0
Canadian	33,015	205	32,685	105
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	865	0	855	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,840	225	10,415	70
British Isles origins	1,810	140	1,605	60
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	320	60	235	25
Irish	1,350	70	1,235	45
Manx	10	0	10	0
Scottish	370	45	315	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	15	0	20	0
French origins	9,060	80	8,915	50
Alsatian	15	0	15	0
Breton	30	0	30	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	9,025	80	8,890	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	585	25	520	15
Austrian	15	0	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	70	10	70	0
Dutch	30	15	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	455	15	425	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	0	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	45	10	30	10
Danish	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	10	25	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	190	30	135	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	15	70	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0
Russian	10	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	10	70	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	455	25	335	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0
Greek	15	0	10	0
Italian	210	20	150	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	0	115	0
Serbian	0	0	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	0	55	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	10	45	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	25	10	20	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	20	0	20	0
Caribbean origins	85	0	75	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	65	0	55	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	130	0	65	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	70	0	20	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	25	0	15	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	115	0	75	0
Central and West African origins	25	0	15	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	15	0	10	0
North African origins	55	0	20	0
Algerian	25	0	20	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	0	35	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	10	0	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	10	0	10	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	15	0	10	0
Asian origins	220	10	165	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	120	0	110	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	20	0	15	0
Armenian	80	0	85	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	20	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	20	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	100	10	55	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	15	0
Chinese	55	10	30	0
Filipino	15	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	34,930	340	34,260	95
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,925	60	8,835	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	7,470	80	7,295	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,540	200	18,135	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,495	95	8,330	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	6,155	65	6,035	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	2,345	30	2,300	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,905	60	5,790	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	0	860	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,270	45	3,150	15
Bachelor's degree	2,385	35	2,305	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	10	255	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	0	160	0
Master's degree	425	0	405	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	25	0	25	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	34,935	340	34,260	95
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	16,390	135	16,130	35
Education	1,820	30	1,775	10
13. Education	1,820	30	1,770	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	0	280	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	0	55	0
50. Visual and performing arts	230	0	220	0
Humanities	640	0	635	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	0	50	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	0	405	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	0	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	0	80	0
54. History	25	0	25	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	0	55	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	25	810	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	10	65	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	370	10	355	0
22. Legal professions and studies	120	0	115	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	40	0	30	10
42. Psychology	125	0	120	0
45. Social sciences	125	0	120	0
Business, management and public administration	3,600	30	3,550	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	0	175	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,415	30	3,375	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	305	0	290	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	0	60	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	0	70	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	60	0	60	0
40. Physical sciences	95	0	80	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	10	300	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	10	250	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	0	30	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,825	50	5,735	0
04. Architecture and related services	25	0	20	0
14. Engineering	290	0	280	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,150	0	1,140	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,185	15	1,160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,760	20	1,735	0
48. Precision production	1,425	10	1,390	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	10	520	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	10	370	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	0	150	0
Health and related fields	2,655	35	2,580	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	135	0	135	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,490	35	2,415	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	0	30	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,690	15	1,655	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,085	10	1,065	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	200	0	195	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	410	10	395	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	34,930	340	34,260	95
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,395	135	16,125	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	18,540	205	18,135	60
Location of study inside Canada	18,265	185	17,965	55
Same as province or territory of residence	18,135	180	17,855	55
Different than province or territory of residence	130	10	115	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	270	15	165	0
United States^Footnote 132	60	10	50	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 134	10	0	0	0
France	100	0	100	0
Other	95	0	15	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	34,930	335	34,260	95
In the labour force	19,685	185	19,280	60
Employed	18,745	180	18,350	55
Unemployed	935	10	930	10
Not in the labour force	15,245	150	14,980	40
Participation rate	56.4	55.2	56.3	63.2
Employment rate	53.7	53.7	53.6	57.9
Unemployment rate	4.7	5.4	4.8	16.7
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	34,930	340	34,260	95
Did not work^Footnote 137	14,065	140	13,830	20
Worked	20,865	200	20,435	75
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	9,850	105	9,660	15
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	11,015	95	10,770	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	44.7	43.1	35.2
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	21,410	210	20,950	75
a.Management	2,005	25	1,960	0
00 Senior management occupations	370	0	375	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	335	15	315	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	595	10	580	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	700	10	690	0
b.Professional	2,260	30	2,220	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	415	0	410	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	255	0	255	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	355	10	345	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	235	10	230	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	660	15	640	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	275	0	270	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	70	0	65	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,070	25	2,010	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	515	10	495	0
32 Technical occupations in health	545	0	525	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	715	10	700	10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	55	0	55	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	235	0	230	0
d.Administration and administrative support	2,255	15	2,220	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,185	10	1,160	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	220	0	215	0
14 Office support occupations	460	10	460	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	390	10	385	0
e.Sales	1,955	15	1,915	10
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	220	10	220	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	830	0	810	0
66 Sales support occupations	905	0	885	10
f.Personal and customer information services	3,895	45	3,800	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	560	0	545	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	235	0	230	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	765	0	745	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,005	10	975	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,340	15	1,305	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,440	30	2,395	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,525	15	1,495	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	915	20	900	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,690	0	1,670	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	180	0	180	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,170	0	1,165	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	330	0	325	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	765	15	740	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	85	0	85	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	550	10	540	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	135	10	115	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,070	10	2,020	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	215	0	220	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	720	0	705	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	460	0	450	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	680	10	650	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	21,410	210	20,950	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,225	0	1,200	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	1,155	0	1,135	10
113 Forestry and logging	50	0	50	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	15	0	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	0	125	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	105	0	100	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	25	0	20	0
22 Utilities	115	0	115	0
221 Utilities	120	0	115	0
23 Construction	1,400	10	1,375	10
236 Construction of buildings	435	0	425	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	125	0	120	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	845	10	830	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,175	35	4,095	10
311 Food manufacturing	560	0	545	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	25	0	25	0
313 Textile mills	15	0	15	0
314 Textile product mills	15	0	15	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	65	0	60	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	360	0	355	0
322 Paper manufacturing	45	0	45	0
323 Printing and related support activities	80	0	80	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	30	0	30	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	70	0	70	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	535	10	520	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	220	0	225	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	330	0	320	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	595	10	585	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	575	0	565	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	15	0	10	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	35	0	35	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	195	0	190	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	180	0	180	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	220	0	220	0
41 Wholesale trade	550	10	535	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	0	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	20	0	15	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	80	0	85	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	50	0	55	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	80	10	75	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	100	0	105	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	110	10	105	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	75	0	75	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	20	0	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,925	15	2,870	10
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	395	0	390	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	125	0	125	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	60	0	55	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	240	0	240	0
445 Food and beverage stores	800	0	780	10
446 Health and personal care stores	380	0	375	0
447 Gasoline stations	90	0	90	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	255	0	240	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	80	0	80	0
452 General merchandise stores	325	0	320	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	140	0	140	0
454 Non-store retailers	35	0	35	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	780	10	765	0
481 Air transportation	10	0	10	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	445	10	440	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	205	0	200	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	35	0	35	0
491 Postal service	75	0	75	0
492 Couriers and messengers	10	0	10	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	105	0	100	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	10	0	15	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	65	0	65	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	15	0	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	525	0	525	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	270	0	270	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	40	0	40	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	215	0	215	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	10	130	0
531 Real estate	110	0	105	0
532 Rental and leasing services	25	0	20	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	780	10	755	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	785	10	755	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	745	15	725	10
561 Administrative and support services	600	15	575	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	145	0	150	0
61 Educational services	1,180	20	1,155	0
611 Educational services	1,180	25	1,155	0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,070	40	3,000	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	510	10	500	0
622 Hospitals	1,220	10	1,200	10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	760	10	740	0
624 Social assistance	580	10	565	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	280	10	265	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	100	0	90	10
712 Heritage institutions	45	0	40	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	135	0	135	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,435	10	1,405	10
721 Accommodation services	135	10	125	10
722 Food services and drinking places	1,300	0	1,280	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,080	10	1,065	10
811 Repair and maintenance	525	10	515	0
812 Personal and laundry services	320	0	315	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	170	0	165	0
814 Private households	65	0	65	0
91 Public administration	755	10	735	10
911 Federal government public administration	160	0	155	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	155	0	145	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	445	0	440	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	18,750	180	18,355	55
Worked at home	1,565	15	1,520	0
Worked outside Canada	40	0	35	0
No fixed workplace address	1,490	15	1,455	10
Worked at usual place	15,660	150	15,340	45
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	21,405	205	20,955	75
English	235	40	180	0
French	20,845	155	20,480	60
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	295	10	270	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	21,410	210	20,950	75
None	19,410	110	19,100	55
English	1,805	65	1,705	20
French	165	30	130	0
Non-official language	15	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,660	150	15,340	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,250	90	9,055	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,730	35	3,660	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,670	20	2,615	15
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	17,150	165	16,795	50
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,225	145	14,925	45
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	725	10	695	0
Public transit	35	0	35	0
Walked	975	10	950	0
Bicycle	50	0	50	0
Other method	140	0	135	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	17,150	165	16,795	50
Less than 15 minutes	9,210	85	9,025	30
15 to 29 minutes	4,630	55	4,530	15
30 to 44 minutes	1,890	20	1,845	10
45 to 59 minutes	565	10	545	0
60 minutes and over	855	0	845	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	17,150	165	16,795	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,000	10	975	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,380	30	3,305	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,900	75	5,785	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,965	30	2,915	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,130	10	1,100	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,770	15	2,720	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	40,425	385	39,625	155
Non-movers	37,160	340	36,470	130
Movers	3,265	45	3,155	30
Non-migrants	1,975	30	1,905	25
Migrants	1,290	15	1,250	10
Internal migrants	1,245	15	1,210	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,240	15	1,205	10
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0
External migrants	45	0	35	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	38,900	370	38,150	120
Non-movers	29,070	235	28,685	60
Movers	9,825	130	9,470	65
Non-migrants	5,955	85	5,770	40
Migrants	3,880	45	3,700	25
Internal migrants	3,715	45	3,595	25
Intraprovincial migrants	3,620	30	3,530	20
Interprovincial migrants	90	15	65	0
External migrants	165	0	100	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Les Appalaches

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.3%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.