Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Fraser Valley
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,870	2,845
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,845
0 to 14 years	53,460	51,865	135	255	1,210	265
0 to 4 years	17,435	16,310	50	10	1,065	55
5 to 9 years	18,135	17,890	50	80	110	90
10 to 14 years	17,890	17,660	35	165	35	115
15 to 64 years	185,775	179,525	1,590	410	4,255	1,790
15 to 19 years	17,950	17,690	85	125	45	150
20 to 24 years	17,480	17,255	105	45	75	130
25 to 29 years	17,135	16,870	70	25	170	85
30 to 34 years	18,545	18,120	75	45	305	100
35 to 39 years	17,555	16,995	150	20	390	160
40 to 44 years	17,705	17,130	105	45	435	125
45 to 49 years	18,870	18,315	145	40	370	165
50 to 54 years	20,870	20,125	280	15	445	290
55 to 59 years	20,905	19,775	295	40	795	315
60 to 64 years	18,760	17,245	275	15	1,225	280
65 years and over	49,530	45,310	780	30	3,410	795
65 to 69 years	17,110	15,735	235	10	1,125	235
70 to 74 years	12,465	11,365	195	0	900	200
75 to 79 years	9,035	8,165	165	10	700	165
80 to 84 years	6,155	5,615	110	10	420	120
85 years and over	4,765	4,420	70	0	275	75
85 to 89 years	3,405	3,145	60	10	195	65
90 to 94 years	1,090	1,035	15	0	45	10
95 to 99 years	235	215	0	0	25	0
100 years and over	30	25	0	0	10	0
Average age	40.3	39.8	53.3	27.0	53.0	not applicable ...
Median age	40.6	39.9	56.8	18.5	61.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	235,300	224,830	2,365	440	7,665	2,585
Married or living common law	143,560	135,985	1,525	195	5,855	1,620
Married	124,080	116,870	1,225	185	5,800	1,320
Living common law	19,480	19,110	295	10	60	305
Not married and not living common law	91,745	88,845	845	240	1,810	960
Never married	57,830	57,005	370	210	250	475
Separated	6,905	6,610	70	0	225	70
Divorced	14,820	14,450	190	20	155	205
Widowed	12,185	10,790	205	10	1,185	210
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	235,305	224,835	2,365	435	7,665	2,580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	226,010	215,840	2,295	395	7,485	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,277	41,009	47,240	28,526	17,666	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,443	31,419	36,678	19,849	14,865	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	226,265	216,075	2,300	395	7,495	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,428	35,010	39,225	25,350	16,656	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,813	28,685	32,794	18,841	14,710	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	199,115	192,305	2,070	340	4,405	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,033	39,522	44,607	29,239	15,847	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,871	29,503	32,991	20,932	10,880	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	163,660	154,735	1,695	240	6,990	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,132	8,086	9,490	5,036	8,928	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,695	6,555	10,106	637	8,546	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	168,460	162,850	1,620	325	3,665	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,291	38,729	43,638	27,052	17,493	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,270	29,888	33,595	17,474	11,977	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	85.4	85.9	85.2	89.4	52.8	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	70.9	71.3	65.0	79.0	48.5	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	14.6	14.1	14.9	10.6	47.2	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	235,300	224,830	2,365	440	7,665	2,585
Without total income	9,290	8,990	70	50	180	90
With total income	226,015	215,840	2,295	395	7,485	2,490
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.0	97.0	89.8	97.7	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	32,490	30,580	245	120	1,550	305
$10,000 to $19,999	44,965	40,530	395	80	3,960	435
$20,000 to $29,999	34,045	32,605	330	35	1,070	350
$30,000 to $39,999	27,550	26,740	285	65	465	315
$40,000 to $49,999	22,215	21,760	220	20	220	235
$50,000 to $59,999	17,500	17,185	205	20	100	215
$60,000 to $69,999	12,735	12,530	125	20	55	135
$70,000 to $79,999	9,550	9,400	125	10	20	125
$80,000 to $89,999	7,725	7,560	120	15	20	130
$90,000 to $99,999	5,045	4,975	55	0	15	55
$100,000 and over	12,190	11,980	195	10	10	200
$100,000 to $149,999	9,060	8,925	120	10	10	125
$150,000 and over	3,130	3,055	75	0	10	75
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	235,300	224,830	2,365	435	7,665	2,580
Without after-tax income	9,040	8,760	60	45	170	85
With after-tax income	226,265	216,070	2,300	390	7,495	2,495
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.1	97.3	89.7	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	33,795	31,835	260	120	1,575	320
$10,000 to $19,999	47,170	42,580	410	80	4,100	455
$20,000 to $29,999	39,585	38,060	390	35	1,095	410
$30,000 to $39,999	31,725	30,920	330	65	405	365
$40,000 to $49,999	24,295	23,825	265	20	185	275
$50,000 to $59,999	16,805	16,535	195	25	60	205
$60,000 to $69,999	11,830	11,615	145	20	45	155
$70,000 to $79,999	8,260	8,135	105	10	15	105
$80,000 and over	12,795	12,565	205	0	20	205
$80,000 to $89,999	4,610	4,535	65	0	15	65
$90,000 to $99,999	2,760	2,725	35	10	0	35
$100,000 and over	5,425	5,310	105	0	0	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	235,305	224,830	2,365	440	7,665	2,585
Without employment income	66,845	61,985	750	110	4,000	805
With employment income	168,460	162,850	1,620	330	3,670	1,780
Percentage with employment income	71.6	72.4	68.5	75.0	47.9	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	26,700	25,905	340	75	375	380
$5,000 to $9,999	14,185	13,060	105	40	980	130
$10,000 to $19,999	24,425	22,940	190	55	1,235	215
$20,000 to $29,999	20,350	19,720	130	30	470	145
$30,000 to $39,999	17,890	17,450	135	35	275	150
$40,000 to $49,999	15,725	15,400	125	20	180	135
$50,000 to $59,999	12,590	12,375	125	25	65	140
$60,000 to $69,999	9,545	9,410	85	15	35	90
$70,000 to $79,999	7,565	7,460	85	0	10	90
$80,000 and over	19,480	19,130	295	20	35	305
$80,000 to $89,999	6,275	6,150	100	15	20	105
$90,000 to $99,999	3,980	3,930	45	0	0	45
$100,000 and over	9,225	9,055	145	10	15	155
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	235,305	224,830	2,365	435	7,665	2,580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	71,280	69,985	630	75	590	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	50,102	50,235	59,702	54,329	26,028	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	57,004	57,153	66,797	49,482	29,763	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	288,765	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,845
English only	266,625	266,625	0	0	0	0
French only	90	0	90	0	0	90
English and French	13,070	9,970	2,405	695	0	2,750
Neither English nor French	8,975	95	0	0	8,875	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,870	2,850
English	242,770	240,920	1,855	0	0	1,855
French	515	75	440	0	0	445
Non-official language	34,130	24,615	60	580	8,875	350
Aboriginal	20	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	34,105	24,590	60	585	8,870	350
English and French	280	135	90	50	0	120
English and non-official language	10,880	10,865	15	0	0	15
French and non-official language	45	0	35	0	0	35
English, French and non-official language	140	75	0	65	0	30
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	288,765	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,850
None	262,325	251,965	1,445	295	8,620	1,595
English	10,990	10,265	265	305	160	420
French	1,895	1,225	675	0	0	670
Non-official language	13,260	13,035	85	40	95	105
Aboriginal	140	140	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	13,115	12,900	85	45	95	105
English and French	40	10	0	35	0	20
English and non-official language	125	110	10	10	10	10
French and non-official language	115	90	25	0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,850
English	218,870	218,855	15	0	0	15
French	2,735	430	2,305	0	0	2,300
Non-official language	62,515	52,935	90	620	8,875	400
Aboriginal	185	180	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	62,335	52,755	85	620	8,870	400
English and French	540	455	30	55	0	60
English and non-official language	3,975	3,975	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	90	20	70	0	0	65
English, French and non-official language	40	25	0	20	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	288,765	276,690	2,500	695	8,870	2,845
Official languages	279,785	276,600	2,495	695	0	2,845
English	279,700	276,600	2,405	690	0	2,750
French	13,160	9,975	2,495	695	0	2,840
Non-official languages	74,115	64,190	390	660	8,875	720
Aboriginal languages	395	400	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	73,730	63,800	395	655	8,875	720
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,850
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	22,205	22,020	180	0	0	180
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	21,565	21,390	175	0	0	170
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	13,700	13,685	20	0	0	20
Métis	7,785	7,630	150	10	0	155
Inuk (Inuit)	75	75	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	385	390	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	250	240	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	266,555	254,675	2,320	695	8,875	2,665
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,850
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	9,895	9,855	40	0	0	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	278,865	266,840	2,460	690	8,875	2,810
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	288,765	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,850
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	6,560	6,535	25	0	0	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	6,460	6,430	25	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	5,530	5,520	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	920	895	25	0	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	110	105	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	80	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	25	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	17,300	17,050	250	0	0	255
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	16,660	16,410	250	0	0	250
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,535	10,445	95	0	0	90
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,020	5,865	150	0	0	155
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	100	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	635	635	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	625	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	264,895	253,110	2,225	690	8,875	2,565
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	288,760	276,695	2,505	695	8,875	2,845
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	270,000	261,730	2,425	610	5,225	2,730
Canadian citizens only	262,415	254,635	2,285	525	4,975	2,545
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	7,585	7,100	135	90	255	185
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	18,765	14,960	75	80	3,645	115
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	288,765	276,695	2,500	690	8,870	2,845
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	227,165	223,520	2,135	395	1,120	2,330
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	58,805	50,665	345	285	7,500	490
Before 1981	19,020	18,425	140	35	420	160
1981 to 1990	6,535	5,725	55	30	730	70
1991 to 2000	11,675	9,320	30	50	2,275	50
2001 to 2010	14,430	11,785	90	130	2,420	155
2001 to 2005	6,740	5,405	60	75	1,205	95
2006 to 2010	7,690	6,380	40	55	1,215	65
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	7,145	5,415	25	45	1,655	50
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	2,790	2,505	20	10	255	25
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	58,805	50,670	350	285	7,500	490
Under 5 years	5,305	5,145	50	30	80	70
5 to 14 years	9,370	9,135	85	80	75	125
15 to 24 years	16,065	14,920	50	20	1,075	60
25 to 44 years	19,735	17,935	140	145	1,515	210
45 years and over	8,325	3,535	20	20	4,760	30
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	58,805	50,670	345	285	7,505	490
Americas	6,580	6,400	40	60	80	70
Brazil	265	260	0	0	0	10
Colombia	165	135	10	30	0	20
El Salvador	465	405	10	10	35	15
Guyana	75	75	0	0	0	0
Haiti	95	85	10	0	0	10
Jamaica	165	165	0	0	0	0
Mexico	405	395	0	10	10	10
Peru	75	75	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	110	110	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 47}	3,065	3,050	10	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	1,685	1,640	0	0	35	10
Europe	18,515	18,130	175	115	100	230
Bosnia and Herzegovina	110	105	0	0	0	0
Croatia	75	75	0	0	0	0
France	165	50	115	0	0	115
Germany	2,450	2,420	0	15	0	10
Greece	105	100	0	0	10	0
Hungary	290	265	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	250	255	0	0	0	0
Italy	290	270	10	0	10	15
Netherlands	2,910	2,905	0	0	0	0
Poland	765	750	10	10	10	10
Portugal	150	150	0	0	0	0
Romania	535	455	10	50	10	35
Russian Federation	580	560	10	0	10	10
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	85	70	10	0	0	10
Ukraine	575	565	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	7,010	7,005	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,175	2,120	20	15	15	25
Africa	1,710	1,595	80	35	10	95
Algeria	15	0	15	0	0	15
Egypt	110	100	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	25	30	0	0	0	0
Kenya	170	170	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	20	20	0	0	15
Nigeria	115	115	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	640	635	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	515	45	15	10	55
Asia	31,055	23,615	50	85	7,310	90
Afghanistan	45	45	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 51}	1,150	865	0	0	280	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	245	230	0	0	10	0
India	22,520	16,090	25	15	6,395	30
Iran^{Footnote 53}	180	175	0	0	0	0
Iraq	140	130	0	0	10	0
Japan	260	255	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	1,255	1,110	0	15	120	10
Lebanon	45	25	0	10	10	10
Pakistan	340	285	0	0	50	0
Philippines	2,010	2,010	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	130	125	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Footnote 55}	140	55	0	0	85	0
Taiwan	260	215	0	0	40	0
Viet Nam	910	685	0	0	225	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,435	1,315	20	25	70	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	945	930	0	0	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	7,140	5,415	30	45	1,655	50
Americas	645	605	10	10	20	15
Brazil	25	20	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	55	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	65	0	10	0	10
United States^{Footnote 58}	350	350	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	75	10	0	15	10
Europe	640	620	0	10	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	45	45	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	10	0
Romania	50	40	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	30	25	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	35	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	270	275	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	190	190	0	0	0	0
Africa	245	220	10	15	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	55	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	30	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	95	0	10	0	0
Asia	5,515	3,875	0	15	1,630	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 63}	235	170	0	0	60	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	3,780	2,370	0	0	1,405	0
Iran^{Footnote 65}	15	20	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	0	0	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	45	45	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	345	305	0	0	40	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	55	0	0	10	0
Philippines	685	685	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	35	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 67}	110	25	0	0	85	0
Taiwan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	45	0	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	50	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	95	95	0	0	0	0
Australia	35	40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	55	55	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	288,760	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,845
First generation^{Footnote 71}	63,415	54,960	375	305	7,775	525
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	69,890	68,175	300	340	1,070	470
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	155,460	153,560	1,825	50	25	1,850
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	40,620	33,015	215	250	7,140	340
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	12,665	11,955	115	160	440	195
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	5,070	4,755	50	50	210	75
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	7,600	7,195	70	110	225	120
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	24,890	18,420	75	60	6,340	110
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	2,895	2,500	20	35	340	35
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	165	145	0	0	25	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	288,760	276,690	2,500	695	8,875	2,845
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	58,530	49,240	215	465	8,610	450
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	39,920	32,175	60	265	7,425	190
Chinese	3,665	3,185	10	20	450	20
Black	2,495	2,430	50	10	0	55
Filipino	2,700	2,700	0	0	0	0
Latin American	2,050	1,845	20	70	120	55
Arab	505	365	20	30	85	40
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	2,285	2,005	25	30	225	35
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	360	330	0	10	20	0
Korean	2,130	1,900	0	15	215	10
Japanese	905	880	0	0	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	405	365	15	15	10	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	1,110	1,050	10	10	30	15
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	230,230	227,455	2,280	225	265	2,395
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	288,765	276,695	2,500	695	8,875	2,845
North American Aboriginal origins	23,865	23,585	275	0	0	280
First Nations (North American Indian)	16,805	16,700	100	0	0	100
Inuit	145	140	0	0	0	0
Métis	7,660	7,480	180	0	0	185
Other North American origins	67,860	66,710	920	45	180	940
Acadian	265	250	20	0	0	20
American	5,100	5,065	35	0	0	30
Canadian	64,260	63,160	875	45	180	900
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	90	90	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	80	55	25	0	0	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	70	70	0	0	0	0
European origins	202,095	199,620	1,970	255	250	2,095
British Isles origins	125,045	124,510	470	45	20	495
Channel Islander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	0	0	0	0
English	77,230	77,050	135	40	10	155
Irish	42,455	42,195	245	15	0	250
Manx	50	50	0	0	0	0
Scottish	55,400	55,210	155	15	15	165
Welsh	6,855	6,835	10	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	7,670	7,645	30	0	0	30
French origins	26,890	25,175	1,660	40	10	1,680
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0	0	0
French	26,885	25,175	1,660	45	10	1,685
Western European origins (except French origins)	84,180	83,835	180	85	80	220
Austrian	3,195	3,180	0	20	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,110	1,080	25	10	0	25
Dutch	31,405	31,340	25	25	20	35
Flemish	190	190	0	0	0	0
Frisian	230	235	0	0	0	0
German	56,855	56,625	110	45	70	135
Luxembourger	20	20	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,940	1,915	20	10	0	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,140	24,085	40	10	0	40
Danish	4,355	4,350	0	0	0	0
Finnish	2,350	2,345	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	1,655	1,660	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	9,415	9,390	20	0	0	25
Swedish	7,750	7,730	10	0	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	915	910	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	41,835	41,495	95	120	130	150
Bulgarian	190	190	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	100	85	0	0	10	10
Czech	1,080	1,085	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	610	600	0	0	0	0
Estonian	320	320	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	4,255	4,210	0	20	20	15
Latvian	215	215	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	345	345	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	25	20	0	0	10	0
Polish	9,535	9,495	25	10	10	30
Romanian	2,065	1,980	15	50	20	35
Russian	12,720	12,620	30	15	60	40
Slovak	625	610	0	15	0	0
Ukrainian	16,680	16,620	15	10	30	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	160	155	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins	14,630	14,370	170	35	45	190
Albanian	215	210	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	150	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	670	670	10	0	0	10
Cypriot	25	25	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,175	1,150	15	0	10	15
Italian	7,715	7,570	120	20	0	130
Kosovar	45	45	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Maltese	170	165	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,460	1,445	15	0	0	15
Serbian	275	255	10	0	10	10
Sicilian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	205	205	0	0	0	0
Spanish	3,040	2,970	25	30	20	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	295	295	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,860	1,830	30	0	0	30
Basque	55	55	0	0	0	0
Jewish	705	695	15	0	0	15
Roma (Gypsy)	35	40	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	1,025	1,015	15	0	0	15
Caribbean origins	1,325	1,300	10	0	10	15
Antiguan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	70	75	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	75	0	0	10	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	165	150	15	0	0	10
Jamaican	645	645	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	200	195	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	115	115	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	15	10	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,400	4,155	35	70	135	70
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	185	170	15	0	0	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	100	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	370	360	0	0	10	10
Chilean	235	235	0	0	0	10
Colombian	240	210	0	25	0	20
Costa Rican	75	75	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	85	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	215	185	0	10	20	0
Guyanese	80	80	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	140	135	10	0	0	0
Honduran	70	65	0	10	0	0
Maya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	1,265	1,190	0	10	65	10
Nicaraguan	95	90	0	0	10	0
Panamanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	415	415	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	110	105	0	0	0	10
Salvadorean	695	630	10	25	35	20
Uruguayan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	50	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	275	265	0	10	0	0
African origins	3,165	3,040	100	15	10	110
Central and West African origins	315	285	30	0	0	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	10	10	0	0	15
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	130	135	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	45	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	30	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	535	485	30	15	10	35
Algerian	30	10	20	0	0	20
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	25	25	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	185	180	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	100	90	15	0	0	10
Sudanese	175	170	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,030	1,010	15	0	0	15
Afrikaner	20	15	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	125	125	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	40	35	10	0	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	15	0	0	0	0
South African	570	565	0	10	0	10
Tanzanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	80	85	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	120	125	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,425	1,390	30	0	10	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	195	200	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	1,240	1,200	30	0	10	30
Asian origins	54,630	45,705	105	375	8,445	295
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,680	1,510	25	35	110	45
Afghan	85	80	0	0	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	105	80	10	0	20	0
Armenian	125	115	0	0	10	0
Assyrian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	325	320	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	125	110	0	10	10	0
Israeli	100	100	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	30	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	10	0	0	0	10
Lebanese	235	220	0	10	0	10
Palestinian	65	65	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	30	30	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Syrian	170	95	0	10	65	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	25	0	0	0	0
Turk	160	150	10	0	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	20	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	85	65	10	0	15	0
South Asian origins	39,685	31,970	45	275	7,400	180
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	34,800	27,970	45	250	6,530	170
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	505	460	0	0	40	0
Punjabi	5,330	4,170	0	45	1,115	25
Sinhalese	35	25	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	150	150	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	485	425	0	0	60	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,325	12,295	40	65	930	70
Burmese	60	60	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	120	100	0	0	20	0
Chinese	5,045	4,560	10	20	460	20
Filipino	3,055	3,050	10	0	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	180	175	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,125	1,105	0	0	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	2,150	1,920	0	20	220	10
Laotian	550	490	25	10	25	25
Malaysian	105	105	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	50	50	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	125	100	0	0	20	0
Thai	250	230	0	10	10	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,545	1,335	0	15	185	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	60	50	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	135	125	0	0	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	140	125	0	0	15	0
Oceania origins	1,730	1,715	10	0	10	0
Australian	850	850	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	215	220	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	695	685	10	0	10	0
Fijian	400	395	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	155	155	0	0	0	0
Maori	60	60	0	0	0	0
Samoan	55	55	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	35	35	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	20	10	0	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	235,300	224,835	2,365	440	7,665	2,585
No certificate, diploma or degree	48,845	42,900	410	75	5,465	445
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	79,850	77,400	710	120	1,625	770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	106,610	104,535	1,245	245	580	1,365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	24,025	23,620	295	10	100	300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	10,610	10,405	150	0	55	150
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	13,420	13,220	140	10	45	145
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40,340	39,705	440	70	120	480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,950	9,775	70	30	70	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	32,300	31,435	440	135	295	505
Bachelor's degree	21,095	20,605	230	70	190	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,095	2,995	55	15	30	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,170	1,140	10	15	0	15
Master's degree	6,200	5,995	110	30	65	125
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	740	700	35	10	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	235,300	224,830	2,365	440	7,665	2,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	128,695	120,300	1,120	190	7,085	1,220
Education	8,550	8,320	130	35	65	150
13. Education	8,555	8,320	130	35	65	150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,075	3,015	30	10	25	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	675	650	15	10	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	2,405	2,365	15	10	25	15
Humanities	7,340	7,110	70	15	145	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	495	450	20	0	30	20
23. English language and literature/letters	1,245	1,225	10	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,285	2,180	10	0	95	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	375	360	10	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,910	1,905	10	0	0	0
54. History	880	870	0	0	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	115	15	10	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,900	9,715	120	20	40	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	95	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	460	10	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,550	2,505	20	10	15	25
22. Legal professions and studies	1,500	1,495	0	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	180	180	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,735	1,710	25	0	0	20
45. Social sciences	3,370	3,270	65	15	20	70
Business, management and public administration	18,385	18,100	185	40	60	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	55	55	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,760	1,720	15	10	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,575	16,325	170	35	50	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,490	2,410	50	10	20	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	980	955	25	10	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	710	690	10	0	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	540	510	20	10	0	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	250	250	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,770	2,715	30	10	25	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,215	2,160	30	10	20	30
25. Library science	275	275	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	275	265	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	23,725	23,285	295	50	95	320
04. Architecture and related services	275	260	0	0	10	10
14. Engineering	2,575	2,470	40	25	30	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,400	3,345	30	10	15	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,810	6,765	45	10	0	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,060	6,915	115	10	25	115
48. Precision production	3,610	3,530	65	0	15	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,965	2,900	35	10	15	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,160	2,105	30	10	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	805	800	10	0	0	10
Health and related fields	18,960	18,690	175	45	55	195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,075	1,055	10	0	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	17,560	17,315	165	40	35	190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	330	320	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,445	8,275	115	10	45	120
12. Personal and culinary services	5,140	5,035	70	10	30	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	0	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	105	10	0	10	10
43. Security and protective services	1,350	1,330	20	0	0	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,815	1,780	30	0	0	30
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	235,305	224,835	2,365	440	7,665	2,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	128,695	120,300	1,120	190	7,085	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	106,605	104,535	1,245	245	580	1,365
Location of study inside Canada	89,550	88,250	1,105	125	75	1,165
Same as province or territory of residence	73,185	72,455	540	110	75	595
Different than province or territory of residence	16,370	15,795	565	15	0	570
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	17,055	16,285	140	125	505	205
United States^{Footnote 130}	3,270	3,225	40	0	0	45
Philippines	980	985	0	0	0	0
India	4,235	3,980	15	10	235	15
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	2,300	2,300	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 132}	455	350	0	0	100	0
France	55	10	40	10	0	40
Other	5,765	5,435	50	115	170	100
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	235,305	224,835	2,365	440	7,665	not applicable ...
In the labour force	149,170	144,545	1,280	290	3,055	not applicable ...
Employed	139,130	135,400	1,165	265	2,300	not applicable ...
Unemployed	10,040	9,145	115	20	755	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	86,130	80,290	1,085	150	4,610	not applicable ...
Participation rate	63.4	64.3	54.1	65.9	39.9	not applicable ...
Employment rate	59.1	60.2	49.3	60.2	30.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.3	9.0	6.9	24.7	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	235,300	224,835	2,365	440	7,665	2,580
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	79,920	74,490	1,000	125	4,300	1,065
Worked	155,385	150,340	1,360	310	3,365	1,520
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	73,455	72,115	640	80	620	680
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	81,930	78,230	725	230	2,745	840
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.2	41.6	36.6	30.4	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	161,235	155,905	1,410	330	3,590	1,570
a.Management	16,330	15,975	120	30	200	140
00 Senior management occupations	1,185	1,155	20	10	0	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,655	3,620	30	10	0	30
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	5,610	5,505	35	10	65	35
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,875	5,695	40	10	130	45
b.Professional	17,760	17,425	240	55	35	265
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,785	2,755	30	0	0	30
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,060	2,010	30	15	10	40
30 Professional occupations in nursing	2,460	2,450	10	0	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,550	1,515	25	10	0	30
40 Professional occupations in education services	4,770	4,635	115	15	0	120
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	3,060	3,030	25	0	10	30
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,075	1,040	0	10	25	10
c.Technical and paraprofessional	14,010	13,810	150	25	20	160
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,785	3,730	30	15	10	35
32 Technical occupations in health	2,750	2,725	25	0	10	25
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	3,510	3,460	35	0	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,320	1,295	25	0	0	30
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,640	2,605	30	0	0	30
d.Administration and administrative support	18,630	18,400	145	35	55	165
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	6,665	6,570	70	15	10	80
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,270	2,235	20	0	15	20
14 Office support occupations	6,615	6,555	40	10	15	45
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	3,075	3,035	20	10	15	20
e.Sales	15,210	14,990	95	60	65	125
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,005	2,980	10	0	10	10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	6,685	6,585	50	20	30	60
66 Sales support occupations	5,520	5,425	35	40	25	50
f.Personal and customer information services	30,090	29,350	240	55	445	270
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,175	3,155	10	10	0	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,780	4,670	70	15	25	80
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,175	5,025	15	10	120	25
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,190	7,015	75	15	85	80
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	9,765	9,485	65	10	205	75
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	16,265	15,865	160	55	190	185
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	10,840	10,560	100	35	145	115
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	5,430	5,305	60	20	45	65
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	15,860	15,360	140	10	355	140
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	3,250	3,150	25	10	75	25
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	9,335	9,050	95	0	185	100
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,275	3,160	15	10	90	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	9,040	7,230	65	0	1,745	65
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,045	1,010	10	0	25	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	5,160	4,030	20	0	1,105	25
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,840	2,185	35	0	615	35
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,035	7,500	50	10	475	50
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	870	855	0	0	15	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,275	2,135	25	0	125	20
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,335	1,290	10	0	35	15
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,555	3,225	15	10	305	15
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	161,230	155,905	1,410	325	3,595	1,570
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,400	9,435	85	10	1,870	90
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	10,055	8,200	55	10	1,785	60
113 Forestry and logging	565	555	10	0	0	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	140	130	0	0	10	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	635	545	20	0	75	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	880	860	15	0	0	15
211 Oil and gas extraction	200	195	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	325	330	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	355	345	15	0	0	15
22 Utilities	530	530	0	0	0	0
221 Utilities	530	530	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	16,960	16,545	105	40	275	125
236 Construction of buildings	5,040	4,930	30	0	75	35
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,620	1,605	20	0	0	15
238 Specialty trade contractors	10,300	10,015	55	35	195	70
31-33 Manufacturing	14,465	13,870	115	40	445	130
311 Food manufacturing	3,160	2,945	35	15	165	50
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	220	210	10	0	0	10
313 Textile mills	40	35	0	0	10	0
314 Textile product mills	35	35	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	50	50	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	2,525	2,360	0	0	170	0
322 Paper manufacturing	125	125	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	335	330	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	105	105	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	390	380	10	0	10	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	785	735	10	0	40	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	780	765	0	0	10	10
331 Primary metal manufacturing	355	340	0	0	15	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,650	1,605	20	10	20	25
333 Machinery manufacturing	905	890	0	0	0	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	190	190	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	190	180	0	0	0	10
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,020	1,010	10	0	0	10
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	1,070	1,055	10	0	10	10
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	520	510	10	0	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	5,620	5,450	60	20	90	75
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	180	170	0	0	10	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	65	65	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	935	875	15	10	35	20
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	405	385	10	0	10	10
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	450	445	10	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,295	1,260	20	10	10	25
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,340	1,315	10	0	10	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	780	760	10	0	10	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	175	165	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	18,105	17,820	120	50	110	140
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,485	2,455	30	0	10	30
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	695	685	0	0	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	625	605	15	0	10	20
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,410	1,370	15	0	20	20
445 Food and beverage stores	4,240	4,190	0	20	30	15
446 Health and personal care stores	1,550	1,540	0	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	840	835	0	0	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,515	1,485	0	10	10	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	650	645	0	0	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	2,355	2,305	25	15	10	25
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	1,185	1,160	15	0	10	15
454 Non-store retailers	545	545	0	0	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10,685	10,365	125	0	185	125
481 Air transportation	355	345	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	410	390	0	0	0	10
483 Water transportation	145	140	10	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	5,090	4,905	45	0	145	50
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,060	1,035	10	0	15	10
486 Pipeline transportation	10	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	45	45	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,785	1,750	15	0	15	20
491 Postal service	495	470	20	0	10	20
492 Couriers and messengers	465	460	0	0	0	10
493 Warehousing and storage	825	815	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,065	2,035	10	0	15	15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	370	360	0	0	10	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	730	715	10	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	65	60	0	0	0	10
517 Telecommunications	590	590	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	30	30	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	280	280	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,100	4,065	20	0	10	25
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,965	1,950	15	0	0	15
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	610	610	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,510	1,495	10	0	10	10
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	15	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,525	2,485	25	0	15	25
531 Real estate	2,120	2,090	20	0	10	20
532 Rental and leasing services	375	370	10	0	0	10
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	20	25	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,025	6,920	60	20	20	70
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,025	6,920	60	20	20	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	215	220	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	220	220	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	8,130	7,920	80	0	130	80
561 Administrative and support services	7,415	7,210	75	0	125	75
562 Waste management and remediation services	720	710	0	0	10	0
61 Educational services	10,185	9,935	190	40	15	215
611 Educational services	10,185	9,935	190	45	20	210
62 Health care and social assistance	16,630	16,450	120	30	35	130
621 Ambulatory health care services	5,085	5,000	50	10	20	55
622 Hospitals	4,700	4,675	10	10	10	15
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	3,190	3,145	45	0	0	45
624 Social assistance	3,655	3,625	20	0	10	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,530	2,485	30	0	10	30
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	690	680	10	0	0	10
712 Heritage institutions	210	200	10	0	0	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,625	1,605	15	0	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	12,315	11,965	65	40	250	85
721 Accommodation services	1,520	1,470	10	10	35	10
722 Food services and drinking places	10,800	10,495	55	35	220	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,515	8,330	65	0	120	65
811 Repair and maintenance	2,885	2,815	20	10	40	25
812 Personal and laundry services	2,635	2,570	15	0	55	15
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,345	2,320	15	0	10	15
814 Private households	660	625	10	0	15	10
91 Public administration	8,355	8,230	115	10	0	125
911 Federal government public administration	4,180	4,090	85	10	0	90
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	1,270	1,260	15	0	0	10
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,440	2,420	20	0	0	20
914 Aboriginal public administration	460	460	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	139,125	135,400	1,165	265	2,295	1,295
Worked at home	11,245	10,945	85	15	200	90
Worked outside Canada	520	470	20	15	20	25
No fixed workplace address	24,450	23,600	150	65	635	185
Worked at usual place	102,910	100,375	915	170	1,450	1,000
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	161,235	155,905	1,410	330	3,590	1,570
English	152,680	150,565	1,245	285	580	1,385
French	230	130	95	0	0	95
Non-official language	5,395	2,585	15	15	2,785	20
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,380	2,570	15	15	2,785	20
English and French	165	110	45	10	0	45
English and non-official language	2,750	2,515	0	15	220	15
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	161,235	155,910	1,405	330	3,590	1,570
None	152,905	148,680	1,055	255	2,905	1,185
English	2,000	1,435	85	15	465	90
French	835	565	250	15	0	260
Non-official language	5,415	5,165	10	35	205	30
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,390	5,140	10	35	210	25
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	60	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	102,910	100,380	915	170	1,445	1,000
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	57,725	56,340	510	100	780	560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,055	18,645	190	25	200	200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25,555	24,820	215	50	470	245
Commute to a different province or territory	575	570	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	127,360	123,980	1,065	240	2,080	1,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	107,545	105,370	850	165	1,160	935
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	9,310	8,395	75	45	795	95
Public transit	2,775	2,660	55	15	50	60
Walked	4,845	4,755	40	10	40	45
Bicycle	1,070	1,055	10	0	0	15
Other method	1,815	1,745	25	0	40	30
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	127,365	123,975	1,065	235	2,080	1,185
Less than 15 minutes	43,705	42,790	355	70	495	385
15 to 29 minutes	38,330	37,210	320	80	720	365
30 to 44 minutes	21,120	20,360	185	25	545	200
45 to 59 minutes	9,605	9,415	60	10	120	60
60 minutes and over	14,600	14,200	150	55	210	175
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	127,360	123,975	1,065	240	2,085	1,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	14,265	13,855	130	20	260	140
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	24,295	23,555	185	25	525	200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30,280	29,405	305	70	500	345
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	22,580	22,035	225	50	265	250
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	13,645	13,295	95	35	220	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	22,295	21,830	120	40	300	145
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	285,430	273,610	2,490	695	8,635	2,835
Non-movers	241,290	231,590	2,160	575	6,965	2,450
Movers	44,140	42,020	330	120	1,665	395
Non-migrants	23,755	22,760	115	75	805	150
Migrants	20,385	19,260	220	40	865	240
Internal migrants	18,140	17,550	215	30	350	225
Intraprovincial migrants	15,080	14,650	125	20	280	135
Interprovincial migrants	3,060	2,895	90	10	70	90
External migrants	2,250	1,715	0	15	510	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	271,330	260,380	2,450	685	7,810	2,790
Non-movers	154,340	148,535	1,445	400	3,960	1,645
Movers	116,980	111,845	1,000	285	3,855	1,145
Non-migrants	62,750	60,335	385	140	1,890	455
Migrants	54,235	51,505	615	145	1,965	690
Internal migrants	46,165	45,035	555	110	475	610
Intraprovincial migrants	38,590	37,770	335	85	400	375
Interprovincial migrants	7,575	7,260	220	25	75	230
External migrants	8,065	6,470	60	40	1,495	80

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Symbol(s)

Footnote(s)