Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Immigrant status and period of immigration (10): Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration
• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , immigrant status and period of immigration , age and sex for the population in private households in Saskatoon

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	288,905	235,035	3,805	685
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	288,900	235,040	3,805	685
0 to 14 years	55,475	47,630	300	255
0 to 4 years	19,610	17,105	105	80
5 to 9 years	18,700	16,105	115	85
10 to 14 years	17,165	14,425	80	90
15 to 64 years	199,095	161,900	2,475	380
15 to 19 years	17,415	14,615	95	45
20 to 24 years	21,790	18,580	135	30
25 to 29 years	24,715	20,620	215	85
30 to 34 years	23,955	18,870	285	75
35 to 39 years	20,950	16,215	240	40
40 to 44 years	18,535	14,210	205	15
45 to 49 years	17,510	13,365	255	15
50 to 54 years	19,410	15,930	310	30
55 to 59 years	18,865	16,105	340	25
60 to 64 years	15,955	13,385	390	20
65 years and over	34,335	25,505	1,025	50
65 to 69 years	11,945	9,515	360	30
70 to 74 years	7,850	6,020	205	0
75 to 79 years	6,320	4,510	195	0
80 to 84 years	4,430	2,970	175	10
85 years and over	3,795	2,490	95	0
85 to 89 years	2,575	1,695	70	0
90 to 94 years	985	660	20	0
95 to 99 years	210	120	10	0
100 years and over	25	10	0	0
Average age	37.1	36.3	49.7	27.6
Median age	35.2	34.2	52.8	25.7
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	233,425	187,400	3,500	425
Married or living common law	136,515	106,020	2,320	230
Married	115,325	86,865	2,000	175
Living common law	21,200	19,155	320	50
Not married and not living common law	96,905	81,385	1,180	200
Never married	69,450	59,150	625	160
Separated	5,040	4,120	60	15
Divorced	13,005	11,250	225	30
Widowed	9,420	6,855	270	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	233,430	187,400	3,500	425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	224,230	180,585	3,470	395
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,183	55,962	59,697	54,196
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,698	43,377	47,029	40,613
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	224,250	180,605	3,470	395
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,563	45,584	46,934	44,697
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,335	38,367	41,052	35,636
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	208,155	169,380	3,285	345
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,458	55,062	56,738	55,418
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,383	41,864	44,151	40,514
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	145,560	113,340	2,280	280
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,909	6,877	9,171	8,053
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,678	3,630	8,603	4,104
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	179,020	146,945	2,485	315
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,273	52,384	57,217	53,928
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,117	41,469	47,224	40,815
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 5	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 6	91.6	92.3	90.0	88.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 7	75.5	76.2	68.7	80.6
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 8	8.4	7.7	10.1	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	233,425	187,405	3,505	425
Without total income	9,195	6,820	35	30
With total income	224,230	180,585	3,470	395
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.4	99.0	92.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	27,035	19,915	250	40
$10,000 to $19,999	29,425	22,205	390	40
$20,000 to $29,999	28,170	21,205	425	60
$30,000 to $39,999	25,585	19,890	400	50
$40,000 to $49,999	24,300	19,685	380	40
$50,000 to $59,999	20,045	16,845	265	50
$60,000 to $69,999	15,415	13,020	320	15
$70,000 to $79,999	11,990	10,420	255	15
$80,000 to $89,999	10,075	8,935	180	20
$90,000 to $99,999	7,505	6,585	160	10
$100,000 and over	24,685	21,865	440	55
$100,000 to $149,999	16,805	15,000	260	40
$150,000 and over	7,880	6,865	180	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	233,430	187,405	3,500	430
Without after-tax income	9,170	6,800	35	35
With after-tax income	224,255	180,605	3,470	395
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.4	99.1	91.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	27,810	20,550	265	35
$10,000 to $19,999	30,910	23,375	430	40
$20,000 to $29,999	32,880	24,905	460	75
$30,000 to $39,999	32,570	25,790	540	60
$40,000 to $49,999	28,585	23,770	415	55
$50,000 to $59,999	20,870	17,740	390	15
$60,000 to $69,999	15,525	13,560	290	30
$70,000 to $79,999	11,230	9,935	240	15
$80,000 and over	23,870	20,985	440	55
$80,000 to $89,999	7,290	6,440	105	20
$90,000 to $99,999	4,870	4,300	90	10
$100,000 and over	11,710	10,245	250	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	233,425	187,405	3,500	425
Without employment income	54,405	40,460	1,015	110
With employment income	179,020	146,945	2,485	320
Percentage with employment income	76.7	78.4	71.0	75.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	19,890	15,960	265	15
$5,000 to $9,999	12,485	9,735	85	15
$10,000 to $19,999	21,235	16,480	300	50
$20,000 to $29,999	18,915	14,505	165	30
$30,000 to $39,999	18,645	14,620	245	50
$40,000 to $49,999	17,480	14,155	255	35
$50,000 to $59,999	15,115	12,895	170	40
$60,000 to $69,999	11,715	9,990	180	0
$70,000 to $79,999	9,600	8,385	200	15
$80,000 and over	33,940	30,220	615	75
$80,000 to $89,999	8,260	7,370	165	15
$90,000 to $99,999	6,275	5,585	95	10
$100,000 and over	19,405	17,260	355	50
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	233,425	187,405	3,500	430
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 13	85,465	73,230	1,205	135
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	58,856	60,450	69,561	59,342
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 15	69,831	71,351	75,523	79,604
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	288,905	235,035	3,800	685
English only	267,395	222,690	465	130
French only	140	15	80	10
English and French	17,755	12,140	3,255	550
Neither English nor French	3,615	195	10	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	288,905	235,035	3,805	685
English	250,510	229,565	2,720	475
French	980	75	840	25
Non-official language	25,365	1,675	90	15
Aboriginal	345	135	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25,020	1,540	95	15
English and French	415	160	105	100
English and non-official language	11,410	3,545	20	10
French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	190	20	15	60
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	288,900	235,035	3,800	685
None	259,635	228,080	2,290	465
English	11,610	955	525	40
French	2,885	1,785	855	140
Non-official language	14,180	4,070	55	20
Aboriginal	1,265	780	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,905	3,290	60	20
English and French	80	10	30	0
English and non-official language	330	45	15	0
French and non-official language	190	95	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 19	288,905	235,040	3,800	685
English	281,050	235,020	460	495
French	3,485	15	3,340	30
English and French	950	0	0	155
Neither English nor French	3,420	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 20	3,965	15	3,340	105
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 21	1.4	0.0	87.9	15.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	288,900	235,040	3,800	685
Official languages	285,285	234,840	3,800	680
English	285,150	234,825	3,715	680
French	17,895	12,150	3,335	555
Non-official languages	62,330	14,970	480	175
Aboriginal languages	2,750	1,605	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	59,640	13,395	475	170
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 23	288,900	235,035	3,805	685
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 24	31,350	29,555	415	90
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 25	30,760	28,985	410	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 26	15,770	14,650	30	20
Métis	14,900	14,265	375	75
Inuk (Inuit)	80	80	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 27	390	375	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 28	200	190	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	257,555	205,485	3,390	590
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 29	288,905	235,040	3,805	685
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 30	14,535	13,435	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	274,370	221,605	3,770	660
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 31	288,900	235,035	3,805	680
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	11,170	10,145	60	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 33	10,475	9,510	55	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 34	8,355	7,515	15	15
Métis single ancestry	2,110	1,980	35	15
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 35	695	640	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	695	640	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	21,255	20,415	465	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	19,890	19,110	425	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,350	8,960	95	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,465	10,080	330	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	75	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 38	1,365	1,305	40	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,320	1,260	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 39	256,475	204,475	3,285	570
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	288,900	235,035	3,805	685
Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	260,885	228,655	3,575	630
Canadian citizens only	254,635	225,950	3,485	610
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	6,250	2,705	85	15
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 42	28,025	6,375	230	55
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 43	288,905	235,035	3,805	680
Non-immigrants^Footnote 44	239,175	222,755	3,365	595
Immigrants^Footnote 45	45,160	11,060	385	75
Before 1981	5,785	2,785	55	0
1981 to 1990	2,270	625	20	0
1991 to 2000	4,235	940	65	0
2001 to 2010	14,285	3,155	90	35
2001 to 2005	4,030	910	25	0
2006 to 2010	10,255	2,245	65	35
2011 to 2016^Footnote 46	18,580	3,555	155	30
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	4,570	1,220	50	10
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	45,160	11,060	385	75
Under 5 years	4,595	2,155	65	45
5 to 14 years	8,560	2,610	70	0
15 to 24 years	7,405	1,655	60	10
25 to 44 years	20,820	4,065	165	0
45 years and over	3,775	575	25	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 49	45,160	11,060	385	75
Americas	3,645	1,845	30	0
Brazil	110	15	0	0
Colombia	315	25	10	0
El Salvador	355	15	0	0
Guyana	50	45	0	0
Haiti	25	25	0	0
Jamaica	265	270	0	0
Mexico	270	20	0	0
Peru	90	15	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	60	0	0
United States^Footnote 50	1,345	1,225	20	10
Other places of birth in Americas	760	140	0	0
Europe	8,750	3,395	85	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	215	10	0	0
Croatia	140	10	0	0
France	65	0	60	0
Germany	870	175	10	0
Greece	180	50	0	0
Hungary	135	10	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 51	350	330	0	0
Italy	215	35	0	0
Netherlands	370	50	0	0
Poland	575	60	0	0
Portugal	160	10	0	0
Romania	425	25	0	0
Russian Federation	290	20	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 52	235	20	0	0
Ukraine	1,235	135	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 53	2,490	2,370	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	800	90	20	0
Africa	3,815	1,455	240	15
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	185	45	20	0
Ethiopia	275	35	0	0
Kenya	195	85	0	0
Morocco	95	10	15	0
Nigeria	590	420	0	0
Somalia	140	30	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	530	315	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,795	520	205	15
Asia	28,650	4,070	35	40
Afghanistan	195	0	0	0
Bangladesh	1,565	85	0	0
China^Footnote 54	3,800	245	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 55	350	55	0	0
India	3,485	640	0	0
Iran^Footnote 56	550	15	0	0
Iraq	940	95	0	0
Japan	135	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 57	345	15	0	0
Lebanon	80	10	25	0
Pakistan	3,725	505	0	0
Philippines	9,480	1,905	0	30
Sri Lanka	295	40	0	0
Syria^Footnote 58	620	0	0	0
Taiwan	90	25	0	0
Viet Nam	1,295	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,685	265	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 59	300	290	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 60	18,580	3,560	155	35
Americas	890	355	0	0
Brazil	30	0	0	0
Colombia	50	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	190	185	0	0
Mexico	160	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 61	185	135	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 62	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	245	30	0	0
Europe	1,810	590	20	20
France	20	0	20	0
Germany	45	15	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 63	235	225	0	10
Moldova^Footnote 64	60	10	0	0
Romania	80	0	0	0
Russian Federation	75	10	0	0
Ukraine	455	50	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 65	285	245	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	560	45	0	0
Africa	1,550	610	125	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	60	40	20	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	10	25	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	75	20	10	0
Eritrea	155	0	0	0
Ethiopia	90	10	0	0
Morocco	50	10	10	0
Nigeria	410	305	0	0
Somalia	50	15	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	105	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	435	100	60	0
Asia	14,250	1,920	10	15
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	910	40	0	0
China^Footnote 66	1,850	85	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 67	35	0	0	0
India	1,925	355	0	10
Iran^Footnote 68	240	0	0	0
Iraq	275	15	0	0
Israel	15	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 69	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0
Nepal	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,955	250	0	0
Philippines	5,040	970	0	10
Saudi Arabia	60	20	0	0
Sri Lanka	110	20	0	0
Syria^Footnote 70	590	10	0	0
Taiwan	30	25	0	0
Turkey	30	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	15	0	0
Viet Nam	495	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	360	35	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 71	80	75	0	0
Australia	35	35	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 72	40	40	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 73	288,900	235,040	3,800	685
First generation^Footnote 74	50,820	13,140	445	100
Second generation^Footnote 75	37,795	30,320	355	120
Third generation or more^Footnote 76	200,290	191,575	2,995	465
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 77	39,780	8,405	335	75
Economic immigrants^Footnote 78	27,015	5,785	180	65
Principal applicants^Footnote 79	10,480	1,845	65	15
Secondary applicants^Footnote 80	16,535	3,940	115	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 81	6,530	1,880	40	10
Refugees^Footnote 82	6,030	660	110	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 83	200	80	10	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 84	288,905	235,035	3,805	685
Total visible minority population^Footnote 85	49,295	14,875	385	175
South Asian^Footnote 86	13,675	3,530	35	30
Chinese	7,815	1,645	0	15
Black	5,580	3,505	255	45
Filipino	11,345	3,325	0	45
Latin American	2,065	325	10	15
Arab	2,345	475	55	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 87	2,300	600	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 88	1,185	110	10	0
Korean	585	115	0	0
Japanese	420	195	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 89	495	230	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 90	1,490	805	10	10
Not a visible minority^Footnote 91	239,610	220,155	3,415	510
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 92	288,905	235,035	3,800	685
North American Aboriginal origins	32,430	30,560	520	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	19,765	18,420	145	55
Inuit	135	125	0	0
Métis	14,610	13,985	405	65
Other North American origins	57,305	54,325	1,285	175
Acadian	220	160	55	0
American	3,725	3,580	50	25
Canadian	54,590	51,795	1,190	155
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	20	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0
Québécois	70	30	35	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	20	20	0	0
European origins	208,570	190,165	3,055	460
British Isles origins	114,700	113,275	535	240
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	25	20	0	0
English	66,925	66,280	175	140
Irish	43,520	43,000	260	115
Manx	45	50	0	0
Scottish	51,805	51,345	160	90
Welsh	5,480	5,430	20	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	4,890	4,815	20	0
French origins	34,300	30,800	2,815	325
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0
French	34,295	30,795	2,815	325
Western European origins (except French origins)	93,225	87,190	450	175
Austrian	3,905	3,770	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,390	2,140	195	20
Dutch	11,635	10,175	75	20
Flemish	255	245	0	0
Frisian	25	15	0	0
German	82,285	77,620	190	135
Luxembourger	125	125	0	0
Swiss	1,295	1,185	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30,715	30,200	60	45
Danish	2,725	2,615	10	10
Finnish	1,550	1,405	0	0
Icelandic	2,425	2,390	15	0
Norwegian	18,435	18,265	40	30
Swedish	8,545	8,475	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 96	995	975	10	10
Eastern European origins	74,495	67,100	160	85
Bulgarian	135	70	0	0
Byelorussian	95	30	0	0
Czech	1,335	1,190	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 97	845	815	0	0
Estonian	115	105	0	0
Hungarian	6,415	5,875	30	0
Latvian	175	105	0	0
Lithuanian	370	315	10	0
Moldovan	230	45	0	0
Polish	17,385	15,795	45	20
Romanian	2,740	2,245	0	0
Russian	13,285	11,775	40	15
Slovak	465	425	0	0
Ukrainian	47,170	43,085	35	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 98	90	80	0	0
Southern European origins	10,040	7,150	185	15
Albanian	150	30	0	0
Bosnian	230	75	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,035	790	15	0
Cypriot	20	0	0	0
Greek	820	585	10	0
Italian	4,085	3,530	90	0
Kosovar	20	15	0	0
Macedonian	60	15	0	0
Maltese	65	65	0	0
Montenegrin	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	965	660	0	0
Serbian	390	175	0	0
Sicilian	60	55	0	0
Slovenian	265	225	0	0
Spanish	2,145	950	60	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 99	305	265	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,235	1,060	10	0
Basque	20	20	0	0
Jewish	545	435	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	50	20	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 101	55	50	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	560	535	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,485	1,340	25	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0
Barbadian	35	30	10	0
Bermudan	15	15	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0
Cuban	80	40	0	0
Dominican	45	20	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	55	10	0
Jamaican	850	845	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	10	0	0
St. Lucian	30	25	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	190	175	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 103	105	95	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	80	65	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,685	1,065	15	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	140	35	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	70	40	0	0
Belizean	25	30	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	165	75	0	0
Chilean	315	165	0	15
Colombian	390	35	10	0
Costa Rican	30	15	0	0
Ecuadorian	85	20	0	0
Guatemalan	95	20	0	0
Guyanese	90	85	0	0
Hispanic	45	35	0	0
Honduran	15	10	0	0
Maya	35	10	0	0
Mexican	580	255	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	30	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	0	0
Peruvian	200	90	0	0
Salvadorean	360	85	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0
Venezuelan	25	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	115	65	0	10
African origins	6,010	3,385	275	50
Central and West African origins	1,545	1,020	140	20
Akan	10	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	0	0
Cameroonian	145	65	65	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	120	40	50	0
Edo	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	265	185	0	0
Guinean	25	15	0	0
Ibo	235	185	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0
Liberian	35	35	0	0
Malian	15	10	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	465	325	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	10
Sierra Leonean	20	15	0	0
Togolese	35	15	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0
Yoruba	160	125	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	55	40	0	10
North African origins	1,005	455	35	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	0	0	0
Coptic	35	10	0	0
Dinka	25	0	0	0
Egyptian	220	90	15	0
Libyan	60	20	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	120	50	10	0
Sudanese	485	250	0	10
Tunisian	35	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 107	35	20	0	0
Southern and East African origins	2,470	1,175	60	0
Afrikaner	20	10	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 108	10	0	0	0
Burundian	110	35	45	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	630	205	0	0
Ethiopian	335	170	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	50	25	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	0
Mauritian	55	40	0	0
Oromo	100	30	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0
Somali	355	135	0	0
South African	405	255	0	0
Tanzanian	20	15	0	0
Tigrian	40	20	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0
Zambian	110	85	0	0
Zimbabwean	105	55	0	0
Zulu	15	15	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 109	250	135	0	0
Other African origins	1,185	870	70	20
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 110	95	95	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	1,105	790	65	20
Asian origins	42,920	12,105	150	120
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,130	1,545	65	10
Afghan	325	30	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 112	595	185	0	0
Armenian	125	25	10	0
Assyrian	170	65	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	0	0	0
Georgian	25	20	0	0
Hazara	15	0	0	0
Iranian	910	215	0	0
Iraqi	1,060	270	0	0
Israeli	50	35	0	0
Jordanian	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	0	0	0
Kurd	90	30	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	515	395	55	10
Palestinian	100	40	0	0
Pashtun	90	25	0	0
Saudi Arabian	40	10	0	0
Syrian	615	100	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	25	10	0	0
Turk	460	155	0	0
Turkmen	10	10	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	0	0	0
Yemeni	30	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	115	40	0	0
South Asian origins	13,585	3,570	70	35
Bangladeshi	1,190	130	0	0
Bengali	340	40	10	0
Bhutanese	105	10	0	0
East Indian	7,785	2,390	50	15
Goan	30	30	0	0
Gujarati	65	15	0	0
Kashmiri	50	10	0	0
Nepali	205	10	0	0
Pakistani	3,255	755	10	10
Punjabi	675	135	0	10
Sinhalese	40	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	345	135	0	10
Tamil	35	15	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	610	95	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	24,180	7,070	20	85
Burmese	170	50	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	40	0	0
Chinese	9,480	2,530	10	30
Filipino	12,005	3,670	0	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	95	30	0	10
Japanese	565	305	0	0
Karen	125	0	0	0
Korean	620	140	0	0
Laotian	260	140	0	0
Malaysian	80	45	0	0
Mongolian	70	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	110	55	0	0
Thai	145	55	0	0
Tibetan	25	10	0	0
Vietnamese	1,780	605	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	55	25	0	0
Other Asian origins	410	110	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 116	410	105	0	0
Oceania origins	545	535	10	0
Australian	305	305	0	0
New Zealander	135	140	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	115	105	0	0
Fijian	50	45	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	30	30	0	0
Samoan	25	25	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 117	10	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 118	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 119	233,425	187,400	3,500	430
No certificate, diploma or degree	34,615	26,340	395	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 120	68,420	57,545	805	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130,395	103,515	2,300	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,565	18,405	430	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	8,405	6,805	190	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 122	13,160	11,605	240	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	41,480	35,490	705	80
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,825	4,985	110	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	60,530	44,640	1,055	115
Bachelor's degree	41,850	32,550	640	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,640	1,815	55	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,180	1,430	20	0
Master's degree	10,730	6,980	265	35
Earned doctorate^Footnote 123	3,125	1,855	75	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 124	233,425	187,400	3,500	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 125	103,035	83,885	1,200	155
Education	11,675	9,700	335	15
13. Education	11,675	9,695	335	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,565	3,080	45	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	820	745	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,750	2,335	40	15
Humanities	5,950	4,405	140	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	425	185	20	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,360	1,115	20	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,125	615	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 126	20	20	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	470	385	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,505	1,265	15	0
54. History	865	705	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	180	110	45	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,360	9,045	180	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	275	230	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	585	440	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,820	1,460	45	15
22. Legal professions and studies	2,085	1,750	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 127	215	170	10	0
42. Psychology	2,290	1,965	35	0
45. Social sciences	4,090	3,040	65	0
Business, management and public administration	26,710	21,310	405	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	75	75	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,365	2,045	30	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	24,270	19,190	375	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,895	4,140	95	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,465	2,405	60	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	415	260	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 128	30	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,595	1,105	40	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	395	365	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,215	2,915	50	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,270	2,245	10	15
25. Library science	445	390	15	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	435	220	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 129	75	65	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	26,300	20,540	485	70
04. Architecture and related services	615	475	10	0
14. Engineering	5,810	3,300	110	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,280	3,535	55	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,695	5,795	125	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,920	5,050	130	10
48. Precision production	2,980	2,390	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,755	2,790	65	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,070	2,210	55	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	680	580	10	0
Health and related fields	23,190	18,905	400	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,785	1,645	30	0
51. Health professions and related programs	20,700	16,775	360	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	710	485	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,765	6,680	105	20
12. Personal and culinary services	4,950	4,245	55	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	40	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,420	1,315	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,355	1,085	30	0
Other	15	15	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	15	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 130	233,430	187,405	3,500	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	103,030	83,885	1,200	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 131	130,395	103,520	2,300	275
Location of study inside Canada	110,370	97,990	2,095	250
Same as province or territory of residence	90,735	81,415	1,445	185
Different than province or territory of residence	19,635	16,575	655	60
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 132	20,025	5,525	205	25
United States^Footnote 133	2,220	1,840	30	10
Philippines	4,695	835	0	0
India	1,970	315	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 134	1,220	1,020	10	0
China^Footnote 135	1,570	45	0	0
France	115	10	80	10
Other	8,235	1,465	85	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	233,425	187,400	3,500	425
In the labour force	166,370	136,495	2,275	285
Employed	155,340	127,765	2,115	270
Unemployed	11,025	8,730	160	15
Not in the labour force	67,060	50,905	1,225	140
Participation rate	71.3	72.8	65.0	67.1
Employment rate	66.5	68.2	60.4	63.5
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.4	7.0	5.3
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 137	233,430	187,405	3,500	430
Did not work^Footnote 138	59,145	43,875	1,110	120
Worked	174,280	143,530	2,390	305
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 139	88,020	75,230	1,235	140
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 140	86,265	68,300	1,155	170
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.0	42.8	44.8
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	179,235	147,125	2,465	315
a.Management	18,175	15,500	305	15
00 Senior management occupations	1,635	1,445	35	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	5,295	4,620	125	10
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	6,100	5,035	55	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,140	4,395	90	0
b.Professional	33,085	27,670	600	65
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,775	4,170	75	10
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	6,050	4,690	100	15
30 Professional occupations in nursing	3,870	3,375	45	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	3,385	2,715	50	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	8,695	7,205	230	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	4,815	4,210	70	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,490	1,300	35	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	16,480	14,205	240	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	5,550	4,705	55	10
32 Technical occupations in health	3,685	3,105	80	10
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	3,160	2,620	50	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,220	1,175	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,865	2,605	50	0
d.Administration and administrative support	21,575	18,835	295	35
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	8,890	7,850	125	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,700	1,460	30	0
14 Office support occupations	7,365	6,385	115	10
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	3,620	3,145	35	0
e.Sales	17,135	14,040	155	35
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	3,535	3,125	60	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	8,345	6,880	55	25
66 Sales support occupations	5,255	4,035	35	15
f.Personal and customer information services	33,275	24,500	350	45
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,475	2,475	55	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,370	3,565	80	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,750	3,965	45	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	8,485	7,095	75	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	11,210	7,405	105	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	17,245	14,630	265	40
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	12,000	10,025	200	30
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	5,240	4,600	70	15
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	12,560	10,100	140	20
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	2,410	2,040	15	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	7,085	5,515	85	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,070	2,545	40	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,735	4,235	40	20
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,590	1,485	10	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,640	1,435	20	10
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,505	1,315	10	10
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,970	3,425	70	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,135	975	20	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,385	835	15	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	835	605	15	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,620	1,005	25	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	179,235	147,125	2,465	320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,100	3,440	70	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 143	3,830	3,190	70	0
113 Forestry and logging	25	30	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	15	15	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	225	205	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,575	5,030	95	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	380	335	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	4,210	3,830	70	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	990	860	15	0
22 Utilities	960	925	10	0
221 Utilities	960	920	10	0
23 Construction	17,385	14,890	265	25
236 Construction of buildings	5,185	4,315	100	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,905	1,670	35	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	10,295	8,910	130	25
31-33 Manufacturing	9,440	6,645	100	25
311 Food manufacturing	2,395	1,460	15	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	200	180	0	0
313 Textile mills	25	15	0	0
314 Textile product mills	150	110	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	160	70	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	255	160	0	15
322 Paper manufacturing	20	25	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	340	275	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	85	70	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	440	355	15	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	365	260	10	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	370	250	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	130	115	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	1,215	910	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	1,090	770	25	10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	490	390	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	225	170	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	475	350	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	550	385	10	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	450	335	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	7,110	6,260	80	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	370	340	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	310	285	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	845	620	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	345	285	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	690	660	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	1,310	1,195	15	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	2,100	1,840	40	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	880	800	15	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	270	230	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	20,185	16,435	175	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	2,590	2,225	35	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	755	610	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	810	560	20	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	1,515	1,315	10	0
445 Food and beverage stores	3,855	2,925	30	10
446 Health and personal care stores	2,075	1,790	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	1,270	1,080	15	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	2,325	1,955	15	10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	1,045	955	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	2,290	1,680	20	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	1,080	855	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	570	495	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,540	5,935	90	10
481 Air transportation	475	420	10	0
482 Rail transportation	555	535	0	10
483 Water transportation	10	10	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,805	2,155	50	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	1,080	635	20	10
486 Pipeline transportation	15	15	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	10	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	720	610	10	0
491 Postal service	600	530	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	890	700	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	380	315	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,200	2,820	45	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	525	420	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	275	250	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	420	380	10	0
517 Telecommunications	1,285	1,165	30	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	35	25	0	0
519 Other information services	655	580	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,180	4,565	65	10
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	2,350	1,990	40	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	935	815	10	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	1,780	1,650	15	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	120	120	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,165	2,675	45	0
531 Real estate	2,635	2,245	35	0
532 Rental and leasing services	520	430	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	11,165	9,315	175	40
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	11,165	9,320	175	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	920	785	15	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	920	785	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,830	4,470	55	10
561 Administrative and support services	5,285	4,015	40	15
562 Waste management and remediation services	540	460	20	0
61 Educational services	17,575	14,695	410	30
611 Educational services	17,570	14,695	405	35
62 Health care and social assistance	22,965	18,805	310	40
621 Ambulatory health care services	5,810	4,950	115	15
622 Hospitals	9,635	8,045	110	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	3,330	2,355	35	10
624 Social assistance	4,185	3,450	50	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,610	3,260	65	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	1,095	985	35	0
712 Heritage institutions	290	255	10	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	2,230	2,020	25	10
72 Accommodation and food services	14,450	9,870	125	30
721 Accommodation services	2,350	1,585	40	0
722 Food services and drinking places	12,100	8,285	85	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,795	7,300	125	20
811 Repair and maintenance	2,920	2,460	40	15
812 Personal and laundry services	2,450	2,095	25	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	2,855	2,375	50	0
814 Private households	565	370	15	0
91 Public administration	10,095	9,005	155	15
911 Federal government public administration	3,125	2,730	95	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	2,480	2,225	40	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	4,255	3,855	25	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	225	185	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	15	10	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	155,345	127,770	2,115	275
Worked at home	9,215	7,885	125	0
Worked outside Canada	320	175	0	0
No fixed workplace address	19,850	16,565	360	45
Worked at usual place	125,960	103,145	1,630	225
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	179,230	147,125	2,465	320
English	176,520	146,545	2,110	300
French	565	215	305	0
Non-official language	1,150	95	0	0
Aboriginal	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,130	90	0	0
English and French	210	95	45	10
English and non-official language	790	175	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 146	179,235	147,125	2,470	315
None	174,020	145,580	1,830	265
English	790	205	220	0
French	1,190	670	390	40
Non-official language	3,150	625	10	10
Aboriginal	195	105	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,955	525	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	45	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	125,965	103,145	1,630	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	100,555	80,170	1,360	200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,335	16,725	175	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,095	5,445	90	0
Commute to a different province or territory	980	805	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	145,810	119,710	1,990	270
Car, truck, van - as a driver	119,760	100,375	1,670	195
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	8,515	5,890	85	15
Public transit	6,325	4,045	65	0
Walked	6,090	4,995	100	20
Bicycle	2,850	2,450	35	20
Other method	2,270	1,955	45	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	145,810	119,710	1,990	270
Less than 15 minutes	47,695	39,355	665	110
15 to 29 minutes	71,765	58,545	955	125
30 to 44 minutes	17,465	14,415	225	20
45 to 59 minutes	4,195	3,460	80	10
60 minutes and over	4,685	3,945	60	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	145,810	119,710	1,990	270
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,465	6,205	100	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	24,965	20,875	340	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	48,295	41,390	735	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30,130	24,760	490	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	13,935	10,490	135	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	21,020	15,995	195	40
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	284,745	231,340	3,800	655
Non-movers	236,140	195,485	3,225	540
Movers	48,605	35,855	575	115
Non-migrants	31,830	24,505	335	75
Migrants	16,770	11,350	235	45
Internal migrants	12,095	10,285	145	35
Intraprovincial migrants	8,425	7,485	80	25
Interprovincial migrants	3,665	2,800	60	15
External migrants	4,680	1,065	90	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 151	269,295	217,930	3,700	600
Non-movers	142,770	122,795	2,115	295
Movers	126,525	95,135	1,585	305
Non-migrants	69,475	57,680	760	170
Migrants	57,045	37,460	825	135
Internal migrants	38,810	33,320	660	100
Intraprovincial migrants	25,335	23,000	280	50
Interprovincial migrants	13,475	10,325	375	45
External migrants	18,240	4,135	160	40

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents and immigrants who landed between 2015 and 2016 are included in the 'Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration.' The categories for 'Non-permanent residents' and period of immigration '2015 to 2016' are not presented elsewhere in this table with income as they may not have a complete year of applicable income. The income data for the 2016 Census of Population are for the year 2015.

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit, or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 4

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 5

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 16

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 22

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 23

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 25

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 26

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 28

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 29

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 30

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 31

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 39

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 40

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 42

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 43

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 45

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 47

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 50

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 51

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 52

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 53

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 54

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 55

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 56

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 57

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 58

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 59

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 60

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 61

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 62

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 63

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 64

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 65

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 66

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 67

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 68

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 69

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 70

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 71

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 73

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 74

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 75

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 76

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 77

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 78

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 79

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 81

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 82

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 83

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 84

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 85

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 86

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 88

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 89

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 90

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 91

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 92

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 96

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 97

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 98

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 99

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 100

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 101

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 103

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 117

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 119

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 120

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 121

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 122

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 123

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 124

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 125

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 127

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 128

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 129

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 130

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 131

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 132

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 133

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 134

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 135

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 136

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 137

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 140

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 141

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 142

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 143

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 144

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 145

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 147

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 148

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 151

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Saskatoon

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 4.9%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016353.