Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Kings

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	68,145	64,165	2,335	265
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	68,150	64,170	2,335	260
0 to 14 years	11,980	11,525	220	65
0 to 4 years	3,615	3,520	50	20
5 to 9 years	4,025	3,875	70	15
10 to 14 years	4,340	4,125	95	30
15 to 64 years	44,340	41,625	1,625	160
15 to 19 years	4,480	4,255	80	35
20 to 24 years	3,560	3,480	30	10
25 to 29 years	3,100	2,910	120	30
30 to 34 years	3,505	3,310	95	15
35 to 39 years	3,995	3,760	135	20
40 to 44 years	4,585	4,190	235	10
45 to 49 years	4,930	4,595	170	10
50 to 54 years	5,765	5,360	265	10
55 to 59 years	5,250	4,935	260	10
60 to 64 years	5,175	4,815	235	10
65 years and over	11,830	11,020	480	40
65 to 69 years	4,585	4,285	185	10
70 to 74 years	3,085	2,890	120	0
75 to 79 years	1,970	1,830	90	10
80 to 84 years	1,295	1,180	60	10
85 years and over	895	835	30	0
85 to 89 years	565	525	15	0
90 to 94 years	250	240	0	0
95 to 99 years	70	70	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	41.5	41.2	48.4	34.0
Median age	43.8	43.4	52.2	29.3
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	56,170	52,645	2,110	200
Married or living common law	37,075	34,460	1,610	110
Married	32,415	30,070	1,400	85
Living common law	4,655	4,390	210	25
Not married and not living common law	19,100	18,180	505	85
Never married	12,210	11,740	215	60
Separated	1,445	1,330	85	0
Divorced	2,720	2,565	100	10
Widowed	2,720	2,540	110	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	56,170	52,645	2,110	200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,380	50,080	2,030	180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,041	46,873	53,649	34,560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,040	35,785	44,927	36,452
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,395	50,095	2,030	180
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,490	38,363	43,439	29,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,005	31,932	38,737	30,427
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,485	45,445	1,875	165
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,578	45,425	52,058	31,649
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,043	33,725	43,984	31,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,855	33,755	1,245	130
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,401	8,386	9,262	8,501
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,323	7,301	8,211	6,922
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,285	36,955	1,450	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,549	46,227	57,442	32,613
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,657	35,135	53,599	36,562
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	88.0	87.9	89.4	81.7
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	72.8	72.8	76.2	65.5
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	12.0	12.1	10.6	18.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	56,170	52,640	2,115	195
Without total income	2,785	2,565	80	15
With total income	53,385	50,080	2,030	180
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.1	96.0	92.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,950	6,555	165	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	8,480	7,995	265	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	7,400	6,930	240	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	6,300	5,990	195	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	5,660	5,320	255	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	4,435	4,150	190	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	3,375	3,150	165	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,540	2,305	155	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	2,030	1,890	95	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	1,325	50	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	4,800	4,470	240	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	3,225	2,990	185	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	1,575	1,475	55	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	56,170	52,645	2,115	200
Without after-tax income	2,775	2,550	80	20
With after-tax income	53,395	50,090	2,030	180
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.1	96.0	90.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,270	6,850	180	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	8,845	8,325	290	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	8,995	8,460	290	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	7,640	7,205	305	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	6,540	6,170	260	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	4,455	4,095	255	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	3,225	2,990	155	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,155	2,020	90	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	4,270	3,980	205	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,270	1,205	60	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	910	835	55	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,090	1,940	100	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	56,170	52,640	2,115	195
Without employment income	16,885	15,685	665	70
With employment income	39,285	36,955	1,450	125
Percentage with employment income	69.9	70.2	68.6	64.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,130	4,835	135	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	3,030	2,915	50	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,770	4,515	110	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,370	4,160	105	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,170	3,965	125	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,670	3,465	150	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,920	2,740	135	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,395	2,195	175	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,045	1,870	125	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	6,770	6,300	340	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	1,525	80	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,150	1,080	50	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	3,985	3,695	205	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	56,170	52,645	2,110	200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	20,140	18,900	810	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	54,640	54,132	68,186	43,432
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	65,397	65,154	75,121	46,939
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	68,145	64,170	2,330	260
English only	56,510	55,235	160	20
French only	50	0	50	0
English and French	11,525	8,920	2,120	240
Neither English nor French	55	15	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	68,145	64,170	2,335	265
English	66,180	63,900	1,380	165
French	895	55	820	20
Non-official language	500	40	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	500	40	0	0
English and French	275	65	130	80
English and non-official language	280	105	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	68,145	64,170	2,335	265
None	65,255	63,030	1,335	185
English	715	40	430	10
French	1,585	965	550	65
Non-official language	545	130	10	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	540	130	10	0
English and French	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	68,150	64,165	2,330	265
English	65,740	64,170	160	170
French	2,195	0	2,170	15
English and French	170	0	0	75
Neither English nor French	45	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	2,280	0	2,175	55
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	3.3	0.0	93.3	20.8
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	68,145	64,170	2,335	265
Official languages	68,085	64,150	2,330	260
English	68,035	64,150	2,280	265
French	11,575	8,920	2,170	240
Non-official languages	2,180	785	50	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,170	785	50	10
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	68,150	64,165	2,330	265
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	905	790	95	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	850	745	95	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	485	460	10	0
Métis	355	265	80	0
Inuk (Inuit)	15	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	35	35	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	67,245	63,375	2,235	250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	68,145	64,170	2,330	260
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	210	195	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	67,940	63,975	2,325	260
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	68,145	64,170	2,330	260
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	170	155	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	170	150	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	130	120	10	0
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	30	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	2,205	1,990	175	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	2,175	1,970	170	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,695	1,570	100	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	445	365	70	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	30	25	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	65,770	62,020	2,145	225
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	68,145	64,170	2,335	260
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	66,975	63,480	2,310	250
Canadian citizens only	66,260	62,945	2,285	255
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	710	530	30	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	1,180	695	20	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	68,145	64,170	2,330	260
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	65,130	62,425	2,240	250
Immigrants^Footnote 44	2,870	1,660	90	10
Before 1981	1,285	945	60	0
1981 to 1990	355	230	10	10
1991 to 2000	215	105	15	0
2001 to 2010	530	225	10	0
2001 to 2005	155	90	0	0
2006 to 2010	375	135	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	480	165	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	145	80	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	2,870	1,660	95	10
Under 5 years	385	265	30	0
5 to 14 years	635	345	25	0
15 to 24 years	425	280	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,185	635	20	0
45 years and over	240	135	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	2,870	1,660	90	10
Americas	680	560	30	10
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0
Haiti	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	35	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	560	510	30	10
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	0	0
Europe	1,365	945	35	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	0	0	0
France	30	0	30	0
Germany	135	35	0	0
Greece	15	0	10	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	10	15	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	135	30	0	0
Poland	25	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	815	810	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	45	10	0
Africa	105	50	10	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	0	0
Asia	665	65	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	140	20	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	55	10	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	30	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	285	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0
Pakistan	25	10	0	0
Philippines	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	15	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	50	45	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	480	165	0	0
Americas	75	65	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	75	65	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	85	70	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	45	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	25	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0
Asia	305	20	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	115	10	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	30	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	105	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	10	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	68,150	64,165	2,330	260
First generation^Footnote 73	3,270	1,985	90	10
Second generation^Footnote 74	4,800	4,545	55	15
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	60,085	57,635	2,185	230
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	1,655	760	35	10
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	1,100	455	20	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	415	210	10	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	685	245	15	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	465	290	10	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	80	15	10	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	15	10	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	68,145	64,170	2,330	260
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	1,420	700	25	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	190	130	0	0
Chinese	225	85	0	0
Black	335	280	15	0
Filipino	40	20	0	0
Latin American	55	10	0	0
Arab	50	15	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	50	35	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	45	20	0	0
Korean	305	10	0	0
Japanese	35	20	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	55	50	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	40	40	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	66,725	63,475	2,310	260
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	68,150	64,170	2,335	260
North American Aboriginal origins	2,375	2,150	185	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,855	1,710	110	25
Inuit	70	70	0	0
Métis	485	395	80	15
Other North American origins	32,995	31,420	1,385	155
Acadian	840	530	270	35
American	795	780	10	10
Canadian	31,980	30,585	1,225	140
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	80	80	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	48,540	46,070	1,625	205
British Isles origins	42,850	42,160	510	140
Channel Islander	10	15	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0
English	23,690	23,370	230	75
Irish	20,305	19,995	240	65
Manx	10	10	0	0
Scottish	18,725	18,495	150	60
Welsh	1,525	1,520	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	1,540	1,500	10	25
French origins	11,490	9,820	1,500	160
Alsatian	10	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	11,490	9,820	1,500	160
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,735	6,345	70	20
Austrian	185	150	15	0
Bavarian	0	10	0	0
Belgian	130	115	10	0
Dutch	2,005	1,865	0	10
Flemish	10	10	0	0
Frisian	30	25	0	0
German	4,710	4,500	35	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	95	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,610	1,560	10	10
Danish	585	570	0	0
Finnish	30	30	0	0
Icelandic	35	40	0	0
Norwegian	565	555	0	0
Swedish	360	340	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	105	105	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,425	1,235	25	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	40	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	20	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	95	0	0
Latvian	55	50	0	0
Lithuanian	35	25	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0
Polish	410	370	10	0
Romanian	65	60	0	0
Russian	330	265	10	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0
Ukrainian	475	430	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	1,655	1,420	50	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	85	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	125	0	0
Italian	880	785	20	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	25	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	215	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0
Spanish	285	215	25	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	20	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	145	120	10	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	50	40	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	75	75	0	0
Caribbean origins	245	230	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0
Bermudan	40	40	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	30	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	60	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	15	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	35	30	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	40	35	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	100	45	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	385	310	20	0
Central and West African origins	40	35	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	25	20	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0
North African origins	45	20	15	0
Algerian	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	65	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	65	65	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	205	190	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	35	35	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	170	155	0	0
Asian origins	1,590	905	15	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	630	515	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	35	25	0	0
Armenian	20	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	20	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	30	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	410	390	10	0
Palestinian	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	50	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	15	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	15	10	0	0
South Asian origins	250	190	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	20	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	195	145	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	15	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	15	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	710	205	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	260	120	0	0
Filipino	45	20	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0
Japanese	45	25	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	310	15	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	15	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	15	15	0	0
Oceania origins	65	65	0	0
Australian	45	45	0	0
New Zealander	20	25	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	56,170	52,645	2,115	195
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,035	8,495	360	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	16,355	15,605	485	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,775	28,550	1,270	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,215	4,895	200	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	2,125	2,005	75	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	3,085	2,885	130	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,215	12,470	495	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	960	885	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,385	10,290	560	35
Bachelor's degree	8,120	7,425	390	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	695	620	40	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	340	0	0
Master's degree	2,010	1,750	125	10
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	190	165	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	56,170	52,645	2,115	200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	25,395	24,090	845	80
Education	2,510	2,305	140	0
13. Education	2,510	2,310	140	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	405	20	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	120	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	330	285	15	0
Humanities	1,285	1,170	55	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	35	20	0
23. English language and literature/letters	215	200	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	285	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	85	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	295	285	10	0
54. History	250	225	25	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	50	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,105	1,965	60	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	120	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	470	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	320	300	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	65	60	0	0
42. Psychology	505	480	10	0
45. Social sciences	575	530	15	10
Business, management and public administration	6,605	6,130	270	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	25	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	470	15	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,095	5,640	260	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	910	830	35	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	375	330	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	270	265	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	155	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	70	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	970	900	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	870	805	25	0
25. Library science	35	30	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	60	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,180	7,605	355	25
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	10	0
14. Engineering	1,225	1,080	65	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,870	1,745	80	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,160	2,035	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,955	1,870	45	10
48. Precision production	915	835	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	555	515	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	290	285	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	235	15	0
Health and related fields	5,085	4,745	200	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	290	270	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,675	4,360	180	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	115	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,110	1,970	90	10
12. Personal and culinary services	950	880	40	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0
43. Security and protective services	465	445	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	685	630	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	56,170	52,640	2,110	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,390	24,095	845	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	30,775	28,550	1,265	115
Location of study inside Canada	29,245	27,545	1,225	105
Same as province or territory of residence	22,210	20,935	975	85
Different than province or territory of residence	7,035	6,615	250	20
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	1,530	1,000	40	10
United States^Footnote 132	555	505	10	10
Philippines	20	0	0	0
India	35	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	420	405	10	0
China^Footnote 134	45	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Other	435	90	15	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	56,170	52,640	2,110	200
In the labour force	35,740	33,625	1,330	115
Employed	32,530	30,525	1,280	95
Unemployed	3,210	3,100	55	15
Not in the labour force	20,430	19,015	780	85
Participation rate	63.6	63.9	63.0	57.5
Employment rate	57.9	58.0	60.7	47.5
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.2	4.1	13.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	56,170	52,640	2,110	195
Did not work^Footnote 137	18,320	17,065	720	65
Worked	37,850	35,580	1,385	135
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	20,595	19,325	820	60
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	17,250	16,255	570	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.7	44.6	38.5
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	38,805	36,480	1,410	140
a.Management	4,155	3,810	165	0
00 Senior management occupations	330	280	40	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,315	1,210	55	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,410	1,270	45	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,105	1,045	25	0
b.Professional	6,975	6,400	360	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,175	1,095	50	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,275	1,185	50	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,060	995	45	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	735	675	25	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,640	1,485	110	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	865	785	60	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	220	180	15	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	4,260	4,020	170	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,375	1,285	80	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,010	950	40	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	765	750	10	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	485	445	30	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	620	595	10	10
d.Administration and administrative support	4,190	3,905	190	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,875	1,695	125	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	375	370	10	0
14 Office support occupations	1,370	1,305	35	15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	570	535	25	0
e.Sales	3,605	3,480	75	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	865	840	15	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,355	1,320	25	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,390	1,320	45	0
f.Personal and customer information services	6,590	6,195	185	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	665	630	25	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,190	1,135	35	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,080	975	15	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,790	1,660	75	15
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,870	1,795	35	20
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	3,650	3,455	140	20
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,385	2,265	100	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,260	1,195	35	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	2,715	2,625	65	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	415	400	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,680	1,635	30	10
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	620	590	20	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,350	1,310	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	410	395	15	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	460	450	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	475	470	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,320	1,275	35	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	585	545	35	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	300	295	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	80	80	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	355	355	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	38,805	36,475	1,410	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,195	1,140	20	10
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	830	790	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	185	175	15	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	40	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	140	140	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	910	880	10	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	150	145	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	385	370	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	380	365	0	0
22 Utilities	585	560	25	10
221 Utilities	585	555	25	10
23 Construction	3,430	3,255	150	10
236 Construction of buildings	910	850	45	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	495	455	40	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	2,025	1,950	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,780	2,620	115	0
311 Food manufacturing	550	520	25	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	100	90	10	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	360	335	15	0
322 Paper manufacturing	480	465	15	0
323 Printing and related support activities	40	40	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	340	320	20	10
325 Chemical manufacturing	90	90	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	65	65	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	120	105	15	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	20	25	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	195	185	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	150	155	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	50	45	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	65	60	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	20	20	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	95	80	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,560	1,455	65	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	25	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	385	355	10	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	110	95	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	70	75	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	185	180	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	555	500	45	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	165	160	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	40	40	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,465	4,305	85	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	565	565	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	90	90	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	85	80	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	475	445	20	10
445 Food and beverage stores	1,170	1,135	15	0
446 Health and personal care stores	565	535	15	0
447 Gasoline stations	255	235	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	235	205	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	100	95	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	530	520	10	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	220	225	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	175	170	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,620	1,530	60	10
481 Air transportation	140	110	25	0
482 Rail transportation	65	55	10	10
483 Water transportation	85	85	0	0
484 Truck transportation	610	590	0	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	175	170	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	15	15	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	270	260	10	0
491 Postal service	130	130	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	65	60	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	55	55	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	735	670	50	10
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	95	80	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	60	55	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	35	30	0	0
517 Telecommunications	465	415	45	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	40	40	0	0
519 Other information services	50	50	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,320	1,240	60	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	400	370	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	150	150	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	765	710	50	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	445	435	0	0
531 Real estate	340	325	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	115	105	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,385	2,220	70	10
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,385	2,220	70	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	35	10	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	35	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,615	1,545	50	10
561 Administrative and support services	1,520	1,450	40	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	90	90	0	0
61 Educational services	2,790	2,570	155	10
611 Educational services	2,790	2,575	155	10
62 Health care and social assistance	5,360	5,085	170	20
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,480	1,425	35	10
622 Hospitals	1,795	1,665	95	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	935	880	30	10
624 Social assistance	1,150	1,115	20	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	730	690	10	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	180	145	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	45	40	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	510	500	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,470	2,260	45	15
721 Accommodation services	410	375	15	0
722 Food services and drinking places	2,055	1,885	35	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,950	1,820	60	20
811 Repair and maintenance	690	655	10	10
812 Personal and laundry services	545	505	10	10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	550	515	35	0
814 Private households	170	150	10	10
91 Public administration	2,425	2,165	200	15
911 Federal government public administration	1,015	835	140	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	725	670	35	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	690	660	25	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	32,530	30,530	1,275	100
Worked at home	2,195	2,035	45	0
Worked outside Canada	110	85	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,485	3,330	115	15
Worked at usual place	26,740	25,080	1,120	80
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	38,810	36,480	1,410	140
English	38,110	36,195	1,095	110
French	370	165	190	0
Non-official language	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	0	0	0
English and French	270	115	125	25
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	38,810	36,480	1,410	140
None	36,585	35,095	720	115
English	300	135	135	10
French	1,775	1,180	555	15
Non-official language	135	65	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	130	60	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,745	25,085	1,115	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,135	3,885	145	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,245	6,010	165	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,890	14,760	790	45
Commute to a different province or territory	475	425	20	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	30,225	28,410	1,235	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,645	25,100	1,075	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,995	1,850	90	10
Public transit	410	385	20	0
Walked	805	730	30	0
Bicycle	20	20	0	0
Other method	350	325	15	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	30,225	28,410	1,230	90
Less than 15 minutes	7,930	7,485	305	25
15 to 29 minutes	13,165	12,315	555	40
30 to 44 minutes	5,450	5,115	230	20
45 to 59 minutes	2,215	2,105	80	10
60 minutes and over	1,460	1,395	55	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	30,225	28,415	1,230	90
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,800	1,735	60	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,680	5,370	245	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,970	10,190	595	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,670	5,325	190	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,155	2,010	40	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,945	3,780	100	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	67,480	63,510	2,325	255
Non-movers	61,380	57,820	2,115	215
Movers	6,090	5,695	210	40
Non-migrants	2,650	2,515	80	10
Migrants	3,435	3,175	125	30
Internal migrants	3,210	2,995	130	30
Intraprovincial migrants	2,405	2,255	80	20
Interprovincial migrants	810	745	45	10
External migrants	225	180	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	64,535	60,645	2,275	240
Non-movers	47,565	44,875	1,670	150
Movers	16,965	15,770	610	90
Non-migrants	7,665	7,315	195	30
Migrants	9,305	8,455	415	60
Internal migrants	8,720	8,170	410	60
Intraprovincial migrants	6,895	6,470	325	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,825	1,695	85	15
External migrants	590	290	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Kings

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 3.9%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.