Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Lac la Biche County, MD

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	8,265	6,650	470	55
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	8,265	6,650	475	55
0 to 14 years	1,695	1,480	25	20
0 to 4 years	555	520	10	0
5 to 9 years	580	505	10	10
10 to 14 years	565	455	10	10
15 to 64 years	5,500	4,485	270	35
15 to 19 years	635	550	20	10
20 to 24 years	495	430	0	0
25 to 29 years	505	465	10	0
30 to 34 years	540	450	15	0
35 to 39 years	495	365	25	10
40 to 44 years	470	370	30	0
45 to 49 years	590	480	35	0
50 to 54 years	685	570	30	0
55 to 59 years	495	380	30	10
60 to 64 years	580	430	65	10
65 years and over	1,075	685	180	0
65 to 69 years	455	340	60	0
70 to 74 years	290	180	70	0
75 to 79 years	180	110	25	0
80 to 84 years	90	50	10	0
85 years and over	55	15	15	0
85 to 89 years	40	15	20	0
90 to 94 years	15	10	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	37.7	35.8	54.7	29.7
Median age	38.2	34.5	60.4	16.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	6,575	5,170	445	35
Married or living common law	4,125	3,170	325	15
Married	3,410	2,545	290	10
Living common law	715	620	40	0
Not married and not living common law	2,450	2,005	120	20
Never married	1,705	1,460	45	15
Separated	150	115	15	0
Divorced	285	210	20	0
Widowed	310	220	40	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	6,570	5,170	450	35
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,205	4,850	445	25
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,381	58,337	68,175	0
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,952	42,727	43,575	0
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,210	4,855	445	25
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,130	47,486	54,543	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,804	38,330	39,563	0
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,695	4,530	400	25
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,102	57,714	67,125	0
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,052	41,390	45,027	0
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,695	2,775	300	0
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,226	7,698	11,566	0
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,022	5,139	11,452	0
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,040	4,065	340	25
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,650	56,314	62,364	0
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,897	41,279	34,717	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	91.2	92.5	88.5	0.0
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	78.7	81.0	69.9	0.0
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	8.7	7.6	11.6	0.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	6,575	5,175	450	35
Without total income	370	325	10	10
With total income	6,200	4,850	445	25
Percentage with total income	94.3	93.7	98.9	71.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	745	565	35	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	880	660	65	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	850	640	55	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	630	440	50	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	560	455	30	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	475	400	45	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	385	285	40	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	245	180	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	230	190	20	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	260	215	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	940	820	65	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	600	525	25	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	340	295	40	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	6,575	5,175	450	35
Without after-tax income	360	320	0	10
With after-tax income	6,210	4,850	445	25
Percentage with after-tax income	94.4	93.7	98.9	71.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	765	580	35	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	945	720	65	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	950	710	60	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	740	530	60	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	685	595	30	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	480	340	70	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	390	315	25	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	315	265	0	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	950	810	85	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	250	205	25	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	180	165	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	515	440	50	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	6,575	5,170	450	30
Without employment income	1,530	1,105	110	10
With employment income	5,040	4,070	335	25
Percentage with employment income	76.7	78.7	74.4	83.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	675	500	75	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	310	225	20	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	585	470	30	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	545	460	35	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	455	325	20	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	355	310	15	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	430	345	25	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	265	225	20	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	195	145	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,225	1,060	85	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	200	160	20	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	215	175	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	810	725	45	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	6,570	5,175	445	35
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	2,065	1,705	115	0
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	60,970	62,903	67,542	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	74,510	76,626	91,896	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	8,265	6,650	475	55
English only	7,345	6,245	45	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	910	410	425	55
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	8,265	6,655	470	55
English	7,630	6,505	385	55
French	85	15	70	0
Non-official language	305	35	0	0
Aboriginal	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	275	30	0	0
English and French	15	0	15	0
English and non-official language	230	95	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	8,270	6,650	470	55
None	7,160	6,305	275	35
English	215	30	35	0
French	345	165	155	20
Non-official language	550	150	0	10
Aboriginal	40	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	505	135	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	8,265	6,655	475	55
English	7,825	6,655	45	55
French	435	0	425	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	435	0	430	0
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	5.3	0.0	90.5	0.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	8,265	6,650	470	55
Official languages	8,255	6,650	475	55
English	8,255	6,650	475	55
French	910	410	430	50
Non-official languages	1,515	450	10	0
Aboriginal languages	235	95	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,280	355	15	0
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	8,270	6,650	475	55
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,970	1,805	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,950	1,790	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	375	340	0	0
Métis	1,560	1,440	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	15	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,295	4,845	460	50
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	8,270	6,650	475	55
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	470	425	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,795	6,225	470	55
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	8,265	6,650	475	55
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	740	655	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	675	595	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	250	210	0	0
Métis single ancestry	420	380	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	70	60	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	65	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	1,210	1,110	30	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	1,105	1,005	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	440	405	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	655	595	20	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	105	105	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	100	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	6,315	4,890	440	35
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	8,265	6,655	475	55
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	7,940	6,540	475	55
Canadian citizens only	7,875	6,500	470	55
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	65	40	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	330	110	0	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	8,270	6,655	475	55
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	7,530	6,400	470	55
Immigrants^Footnote 44	680	245	0	0
Before 1981	280	120	0	0
1981 to 1990	55	30	0	0
1991 to 2000	55	15	0	0
2001 to 2010	150	30	0	0
2001 to 2005	40	15	0	0
2006 to 2010	115	15	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	140	50	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	60	0	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	680	245	0	0
Under 5 years	80	25	0	0
5 to 14 years	200	90	0	0
15 to 24 years	155	50	0	0
25 to 44 years	205	70	0	0
45 years and over	40	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	680	245	0	0
Americas	250	105	0	0
Brazil	50	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	175	80	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	0	0
Europe	140	70	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Germany	40	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	10	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0
Africa	10	15	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	260	40	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	60	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	10	10	0	0
India	20	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	20	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	100	20	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	20	20	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	140	50	0	0
Americas	25	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	35	35	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	10	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	70	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	10	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	10	10	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	8,265	6,655	475	55
First generation^Footnote 73	765	270	10	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	1,200	775	60	10
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	6,300	5,610	410	45
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	420	135	0	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	205	65	0	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	75	15	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	120	50	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	190	65	0	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	20	10	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	8,270	6,650	475	55
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	735	365	10	10
South Asian^Footnote 85	65	20	0	0
Chinese	45	30	0	10
Black	65	50	10	0
Filipino	155	30	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	335	220	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	25	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	7,535	6,290	465	45
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	8,265	6,650	475	55
North American Aboriginal origins	1,950	1,765	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	860	780	10	10
Inuit	15	10	0	0
Métis	1,245	1,140	20	0
Other North American origins	2,095	1,785	180	35
Acadian	0	0	0	0
American	150	125	15	0
Canadian	1,980	1,695	170	35
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	5,900	4,825	415	50
British Isles origins	2,625	2,545	40	30
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	1,530	1,485	10	25
Irish	915	890	30	0
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,070	1,035	10	25
Welsh	150	145	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	160	160	0	0
French origins	2,130	1,650	400	50
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	2,130	1,650	400	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,400	1,290	20	15
Austrian	95	90	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	15	0	0
Dutch	235	235	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	1,165	1,065	20	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	40	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	715	695	10	0
Danish	50	50	0	0
Finnish	80	80	0	0
Icelandic	60	60	0	0
Norwegian	310	300	10	0
Swedish	250	245	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	20	15	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,500	2,000	20	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	45	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	525	510	10	0
Romanian	150	140	10	0
Russian	750	375	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,480	1,375	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	15	15	0	0
Southern European origins	400	320	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	0	0	0
Italian	300	295	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	20	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	20	20	0	0
Caribbean origins	25	20	0	0
Antiguan	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	75	55	15	0
Central and West African origins	25	25	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	45	25	15	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	30	20	15	0
Asian origins	720	370	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	380	260	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	60	50	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	275	200	0	0
Palestinian	35	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	80	20	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	85	20	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	260	85	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	70	45	0	10
Filipino	160	30	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	6,575	5,170	450	35
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,715	1,220	130	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	1,850	1,495	95	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,005	2,460	225	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	840	700	80	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	275	225	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	565	475	65	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,310	1,125	90	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	90	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	720	535	60	0
Bachelor's degree	500	405	45	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	30	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	160	100	15	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	6,570	5,170	450	35
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	3,570	2,715	225	10
Education	345	275	35	0
13. Education	350	275	40	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	25	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	0
Humanities	95	75	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	20	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	30	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	160	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	85	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	30	0	0
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	0
Business, management and public administration	505	410	35	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	85	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	405	325	40	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	40	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	20	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	940	770	80	15
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	50	15	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	125	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	180	30	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	350	30	10
48. Precision production	110	95	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	135	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	35	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	105	10	0
Health and related fields	445	380	20	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	30	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	420	350	20	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	205	170	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	105	80	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	40	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	45	0	10
Other	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	6,575	5,175	450	35
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,570	2,710	225	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	3,005	2,460	230	25
Location of study inside Canada	2,755	2,335	225	20
Same as province or territory of residence	2,365	1,990	180	20
Different than province or territory of residence	395	345	40	0
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	245	125	0	0
United States^Footnote 132	85	70	0	0
Philippines	70	10	0	0
India	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	10	0	0	0
China^Footnote 134	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Other	70	35	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	6,575	5,175	450	35
In the labour force	4,380	3,590	225	25
Employed	3,945	3,220	200	25
Unemployed	440	370	25	0
Not in the labour force	2,190	1,580	225	10
Participation rate	66.6	69.4	50.0	71.4
Employment rate	60.0	62.2	44.4	71.4
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.3	11.1	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	6,570	5,170	450	35
Did not work^Footnote 137	1,815	1,300	175	0
Worked	4,755	3,870	275	35
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	2,145	1,770	120	15
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	2,610	2,100	160	15
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.0	40.4	41.6
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	4,860	3,945	280	35
a.Management	480	360	35	10
00 Senior management occupations	25	20	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	80	70	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	130	110	10	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	245	155	25	0
b.Professional	510	415	35	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	60	50	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	35	25	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	60	55	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	30	25	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	210	175	25	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	85	75	10	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	20	15	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	355	300	35	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	130	110	15	0
32 Technical occupations in health	80	60	15	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	75	70	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	20	15	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	40	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	570	490	15	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	170	145	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	110	95	0	0
14 Office support occupations	215	185	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	75	70	0	0
e.Sales	330	265	15	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	60	50	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	165	135	10	0
66 Sales support occupations	110	75	10	10
f.Personal and customer information services	760	600	35	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	45	45	10	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	70	65	10	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	105	85	10	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	150	125	10	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	385	285	10	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	610	460	45	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	290	205	30	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	320	250	20	10
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	650	555	30	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	75	65	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	495	420	30	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	80	70	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	380	320	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	140	115	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	100	10	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	130	105	15	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	215	180	15	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	135	125	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	45	25	10	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	35	35	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	4,860	3,945	280	30
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	325	190	25	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	180	130	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	125	50	10	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	10	10	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	500	450	25	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	160	145	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	15	15	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	325	290	15	0
22 Utilities	20	10	0	0
221 Utilities	15	10	0	0
23 Construction	600	450	50	10
236 Construction of buildings	155	100	0	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	130	115	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	315	230	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	175	140	10	0
311 Food manufacturing	10	0	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	20	25	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	85	70	10	0
323 Printing and related support activities	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	25	20	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	10	10	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	10	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	0	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	90	75	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	20	20	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	30	30	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	15	0	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	465	370	25	15
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	60	60	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	35	20	10	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	55	35	15	0
445 Food and beverage stores	150	115	0	10
446 Health and personal care stores	35	35	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	35	20	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	25	20	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	20	20	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	20	15	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	15	10	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	10	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	390	310	20	0
481 Air transportation	25	20	0	0
482 Rail transportation	10	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	265	210	15	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	30	20	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	10	15	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	20	15	0	0
491 Postal service	20	15	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	10	10	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	10	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	30	30	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	10	10	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	10	10	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	85	70	10	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	65	55	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	0	0	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	20	10	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	40	0	0
531 Real estate	15	10	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	30	25	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175	120	15	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	175	115	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	160	15	0
561 Administrative and support services	175	135	15	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	25	25	0	0
61 Educational services	440	375	35	10
611 Educational services	440	370	35	10
62 Health care and social assistance	425	370	15	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	145	130	10	0
622 Hospitals	140	110	10	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	50	45	10	0
624 Social assistance	85	85	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	100	90	10	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	10	10	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	40	30	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	50	50	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	275	230	10	0
721 Accommodation services	95	85	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	175	140	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	175	20	0
811 Repair and maintenance	135	125	10	0
812 Personal and laundry services	20	15	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	30	25	0	0
814 Private households	10	0	0	0
91 Public administration	325	305	10	0
911 Federal government public administration	25	20	0	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	120	110	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	170	165	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	3,940	3,215	200	25
Worked at home	340	245	30	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	775	580	25	10
Worked at usual place	2,825	2,385	145	20
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	4,860	3,945	285	30
English	4,780	3,920	240	25
French	45	0	35	10
Non-official language	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	4,860	3,945	285	30
None	4,625	3,880	225	20
English	40	0	30	10
French	75	35	30	0
Non-official language	120	35	0	0
Aboriginal	25	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	100	20	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,825	2,385	145	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,030	1,780	75	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	165	160	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	625	450	70	15
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	3,600	2,970	165	20
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,090	2,570	140	25
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	185	135	0	0
Public transit	115	100	0	0
Walked	160	125	15	0
Bicycle	15	15	0	0
Other method	35	20	0	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	3,600	2,965	170	25
Less than 15 minutes	1,660	1,400	80	15
15 to 29 minutes	970	800	55	0
30 to 44 minutes	450	340	15	10
45 to 59 minutes	125	110	0	0
60 minutes and over	390	315	20	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	3,600	2,970	165	25
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	250	210	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	525	420	35	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,075	865	65	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	995	850	25	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	320	255	15	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	435	375	10	10
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	8,150	6,540	470	55
Non-movers	7,330	5,850	445	25
Movers	815	695	25	35
Non-migrants	555	465	20	30
Migrants	255	230	0	0
Internal migrants	235	220	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	225	205	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	0
External migrants	20	10	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	7,715	6,130	465	55
Non-movers	5,550	4,325	400	25
Movers	2,170	1,805	60	30
Non-migrants	1,155	995	35	10
Migrants	1,010	810	25	25
Internal migrants	855	730	25	25
Intraprovincial migrants	610	540	15	0
Interprovincial migrants	245	195	10	25
External migrants	160	80	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Lac la Biche County, MD

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 13.5%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate higher than or equal to 10%, but lower than 20%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.