Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Victoria, CY

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	81,655	68,270	1,510	280
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	81,655	68,270	1,510	280
0 to 14 years	7,910	6,995	55	45
0 to 4 years	2,875	2,510	35	30
5 to 9 years	2,680	2,420	15	0
10 to 14 years	2,350	2,065	0	10
15 to 64 years	58,310	48,565	1,050	180
15 to 19 years	2,745	2,215	35	30
20 to 24 years	6,465	5,435	60	30
25 to 29 years	8,685	7,445	130	30
30 to 34 years	7,770	6,390	145	30
35 to 39 years	6,110	4,880	115	20
40 to 44 years	4,950	4,090	80	0
45 to 49 years	4,930	4,060	105	15
50 to 54 years	5,100	4,190	115	0
55 to 59 years	5,690	4,750	120	15
60 to 64 years	5,870	5,115	135	10
65 years and over	15,430	12,705	405	55
65 to 69 years	5,725	4,950	135	25
70 to 74 years	3,725	3,180	85	0
75 to 79 years	2,530	1,985	65	15
80 to 84 years	1,785	1,275	55	0
85 years and over	1,670	1,320	60	10
85 to 89 years	1,085	855	40	0
90 to 94 years	490	385	20	10
95 to 99 years	80	70	10	0
100 years and over	15	15	0	0
Average age	43.2	42.9	50.1	35.9
Median age	41.1	40.9	52.0	28.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	73,745	61,270	1,455	235
Married or living common law	34,260	27,550	725	80
Married	23,610	18,160	475	40
Living common law	10,650	9,395	260	40
Not married and not living common law	39,485	33,720	725	150
Never married	25,860	22,405	420	105
Separated	2,455	1,995	40	10
Divorced	8,010	6,850	180	20
Widowed	3,160	2,470	90	20
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	73,745	61,270	1,455	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,270	60,230	1,415	215
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,934	45,022	48,987	36,363
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,864	34,981	34,487	32,464
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,325	60,275	1,420	210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,036	37,916	41,153	32,285
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,329	31,225	31,282	28,367
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,340	55,730	1,275	190
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,634	43,431	47,633	35,072
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,087	32,896	33,942	31,750
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,990	44,070	1,045	195
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,543	6,611	8,399	5,380
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,101	3,333	7,818	640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,145	46,615	1,005	145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,952	39,363	39,605	34,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,871	31,284	35,703	31,867
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	89.1	89.3	87.3	85.2
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	67.6	67.7	57.4	65.3
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	10.9	10.7	12.7	14.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	73,745	61,275	1,455	230
Without total income	1,475	1,040	35	20
With total income	72,270	60,235	1,420	215
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.3	97.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,775	6,585	115	30
$10,000 to $19,999	12,690	10,545	295	30
$20,000 to $29,999	11,015	9,165	200	40
$30,000 to $39,999	9,050	7,465	185	20
$40,000 to $49,999	7,955	6,775	100	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,140	5,305	145	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,155	3,645	90	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,615	3,115	85	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,685	2,310	70	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,715	1,485	30	0
$100,000 and over	4,480	3,835	105	0
$100,000 to $149,999	3,050	2,605	80	0
$150,000 and over	1,430	1,235	20	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	73,745	61,275	1,455	230
Without after-tax income	1,420	1,000	40	15
With after-tax income	72,325	60,275	1,415	215
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.4	97.3	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,145	6,845	130	30
$10,000 to $19,999	13,310	11,070	315	30
$20,000 to $29,999	13,370	11,165	230	55
$30,000 to $39,999	10,715	8,945	195	25
$40,000 to $49,999	8,670	7,500	150	50
$50,000 to $59,999	5,460	4,720	150	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,210	3,620	90	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,815	2,440	60	10
$80,000 and over	4,625	3,975	100	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	1,335	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	880	745	40	0
$100,000 and over	2,220	1,895	50	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	73,745	61,270	1,455	230
Without employment income	18,600	14,655	450	85
With employment income	55,140	46,610	1,005	145
Percentage with employment income	74.8	76.1	69.1	63.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,170	6,830	140	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	3,960	3,330	75	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	7,780	6,640	145	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	7,140	5,935	115	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	6,075	4,975	90	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	5,780	4,930	90	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	4,280	3,650	95	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,970	2,560	65	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	2,765	2,395	80	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	6,230	5,370	115	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	2,080	1,770	50	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	1,050	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	2,930	2,550	50	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	73,745	61,270	1,450	235
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	23,305	20,025	430	65
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	49,464	49,789	54,626	52,622
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	56,781	57,178	56,122	50,587
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	81,655	68,270	1,510	275
English only	70,285	60,245	145	40
French only	20	0	20	0
English and French	10,665	8,010	1,340	235
Neither English nor French	685	20	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	81,650	68,270	1,510	275
English	74,450	67,280	1,045	220
French	425	50	345	20
Non-official language	4,555	240	15	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,555	235	15	0
English and French	140	50	65	20
English and non-official language	2,005	640	25	10
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	50	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	81,650	68,270	1,510	275
None	73,515	65,970	775	185
English	2,190	195	205	20
French	1,255	680	465	60
Non-official language	4,435	1,335	25	15
Aboriginal	75	70	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,360	1,270	25	20
English and French	45	0	10	0
English and non-official language	40	10	15	0
French and non-official language	165	90	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	81,650	68,270	1,510	280
English	79,345	68,270	145	230
French	1,395	0	1,360	20
English and French	250	0	0	30
Neither English nor French	660	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	1,520	0	1,360	30
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	1.9	0.0	90.1	10.7
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	81,655	68,270	1,510	275
Official languages	80,970	68,245	1,510	275
English	80,950	68,250	1,490	275
French	10,685	8,005	1,360	240
Non-official languages	17,770	6,235	330	65
Aboriginal languages	140	125	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,645	6,120	335	65
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	81,650	68,270	1,510	275
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	3,785	3,650	70	40
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	3,630	3,510	65	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	2,140	2,100	20	15
Métis	1,455	1,385	50	20
Inuk (Inuit)	25	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	70	65	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	80	80	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	77,875	64,615	1,435	240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	81,655	68,270	1,510	280
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	1,605	1,580	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80,050	66,690	1,500	275
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	81,650	68,270	1,510	280
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	810	790	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	795	770	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	665	655	10	0
Métis single ancestry	120	120	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	20	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	20	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	3,945	3,740	150	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	3,800	3,595	145	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,460	2,335	90	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,305	1,225	50	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	150	145	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	125	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	76,900	63,745	1,350	230
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	81,650	68,270	1,505	275
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	74,915	65,925	1,440	270
Canadian citizens only	70,245	62,665	1,300	250
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	4,670	3,260	140	25
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	6,740	2,345	70	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	81,655	68,270	1,510	275
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	63,495	60,010	1,260	250
Immigrants^Footnote 44	15,935	7,700	230	25
Before 1981	6,870	4,645	100	15
1981 to 1990	1,515	600	10	0
1991 to 2000	2,130	745	30	0
2001 to 2010	2,850	955	55	0
2001 to 2005	1,070	315	25	10
2006 to 2010	1,775	640	20	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	2,575	750	35	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	2,215	560	20	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	15,935	7,695	225	25
Under 5 years	1,725	1,180	15	0
5 to 14 years	2,815	1,575	40	10
15 to 24 years	3,420	1,745	40	10
25 to 44 years	6,780	2,765	120	10
45 years and over	1,190	440	15	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	15,935	7,700	230	25
Americas	2,775	2,055	20	10
Brazil	35	0	0	0
Colombia	75	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	0	0	0
Guyana	20	20	0	0
Haiti	40	10	10	0
Jamaica	65	65	0	0
Mexico	205	15	0	0
Peru	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	65	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	1,830	1,790	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	370	80	0	10
Europe	6,710	3,995	155	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	0	0	0
Croatia	75	0	0	0
France	135	25	105	0
Germany	590	90	0	0
Greece	35	0	0	0
Hungary	165	30	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	130	120	0	0
Italy	170	20	0	0
Netherlands	305	25	0	0
Poland	230	20	0	0
Portugal	90	10	0	0
Romania	85	15	0	0
Russian Federation	200	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	35	10	0	0
Ukraine	110	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	3,595	3,515	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	735	95	35	0
Africa	845	510	25	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0
Egypt	70	20	0	0
Ethiopia	70	0	0	0
Kenya	50	35	0	0
Morocco	55	0	10	0
Nigeria	35	35	0	0
Somalia	20	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	295	275	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	250	135	25	0
Asia	5,245	810	15	0
Afghanistan	45	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	1,130	80	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	280	30	0	0
India	405	120	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	270	30	0	0
Iraq	25	10	0	0
Japan	330	25	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	270	45	0	0
Lebanon	40	0	10	0
Pakistan	85	20	0	0
Philippines	1,250	235	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	15	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	90	0	0	0
Taiwan	105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	215	35	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	650	170	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	360	335	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	2,570	755	35	0
Americas	305	195	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	185	175	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	10	0	0
Europe	385	190	25	0
France	20	0	20	0
Germany	25	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	25	20	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	160	155	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	10	10	0
Africa	160	70	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	30	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	0	0
Asia	1,650	230	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	240	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	10	0	0	0
India	115	35	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	95	20	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0
Israel	20	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	160	40	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0
Nepal	30	10	0	0
Pakistan	15	10	0	0
Philippines	605	90	0	0
Saudi Arabia	30	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	85	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	115	15	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	70	70	0	0
Australia	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	20	25	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	81,655	68,270	1,510	275
First generation^Footnote 73	19,160	9,110	270	35
Second generation^Footnote 74	19,520	17,560	195	70
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	42,970	41,605	1,050	175
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	9,310	3,170	135	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	4,825	1,660	85	10
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	2,280	725	45	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	2,545	930	40	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	3,505	1,370	50	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	895	120	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	85	25	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	81,655	68,270	1,510	280
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	12,370	4,745	105	15
South Asian^Footnote 85	1,745	940	0	10
Chinese	3,280	915	10	0
Black	1,135	870	65	0
Filipino	1,700	585	0	0
Latin American	765	125	0	10
Arab	575	125	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	725	265	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	445	85	0	0
Korean	575	130	0	0
Japanese	855	315	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	130	105	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	445	280	10	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	69,285	63,525	1,405	260
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	81,650	68,270	1,510	280
North American Aboriginal origins	4,755	4,530	155	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,270	3,135	100	20
Inuit	55	55	0	0
Métis	1,590	1,495	60	25
Other North American origins	18,705	17,630	690	95
Acadian	115	80	35	0
American	2,095	2,065	15	10
Canadian	17,220	16,210	635	90
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	30	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	10	15	0	0
Québécois	70	50	20	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	65,195	59,415	1,175	240
British Isles origins	49,900	49,190	285	170
Channel Islander	25	20	0	0
Cornish	55	55	0	0
English	31,010	30,720	100	70
Irish	18,715	18,405	135	80
Manx	75	75	0	0
Scottish	23,100	22,835	90	75
Welsh	3,445	3,415	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	3,720	3,640	30	10
French origins	9,280	7,980	1,000	160
Alsatian	10	0	0	0
Breton	20	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	9,270	7,980	995	160
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,950	15,135	170	80
Austrian	1,145	995	0	10
Bavarian	15	15	0	0
Belgian	520	420	40	20
Dutch	3,905	3,445	25	15
Flemish	65	65	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	12,125	10,985	90	40
Luxembourger	15	10	0	0
Swiss	720	570	25	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	10	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,155	6,835	10	0
Danish	1,310	1,225	0	0
Finnish	655	620	0	0
Icelandic	600	590	0	0
Norwegian	2,625	2,550	0	10
Swedish	2,280	2,155	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	380	365	0	10
Eastern European origins	12,320	10,705	45	20
Bulgarian	115	45	0	0
Byelorussian	65	30	0	0
Czech	540	445	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	130	125	0	0
Estonian	130	110	0	0
Hungarian	1,250	1,005	0	0
Latvian	150	120	0	0
Lithuanian	250	225	0	0
Moldovan	20	15	0	0
Polish	3,760	3,275	25	0
Romanian	870	750	0	10
Russian	2,225	1,795	10	0
Slovak	150	105	0	0
Ukrainian	5,015	4,655	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	125	115	0	0
Southern European origins	6,120	4,750	90	25
Albanian	50	30	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	0	0
Catalan	15	0	0	0
Croatian	370	255	0	0
Cypriot	0	10	0	0
Greek	530	440	0	0
Italian	2,885	2,455	65	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	20	0	0
Maltese	85	85	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	780	510	10	10
Serbian	155	115	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0
Slovenian	120	105	0	0
Spanish	1,300	800	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	175	160	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	10	10	0	0
Other European origins	1,100	1,000	10	15
Basque	30	25	0	0
Jewish	590	510	10	15
Roma (Gypsy)	45	40	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	25	15	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	425	420	0	0
Caribbean origins	620	530	25	10
Antiguan	10	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	0	0
Dominican	45	25	0	0
Grenadian	10	15	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	30	15	0
Jamaican	240	235	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	80	80	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	45	40	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	50	45	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,320	610	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	25	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	15	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	10	0	0
Chilean	135	70	0	0
Colombian	120	45	0	0
Costa Rican	30	15	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	0	0
Guyanese	60	60	0	0
Hispanic	45	10	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0
Maya	20	20	0	0
Mexican	435	200	0	0
Nicaraguan	30	15	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0
Paraguayan	20	0	0	0
Peruvian	60	25	0	0
Salvadorean	60	25	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	75	35	0	0
African origins	1,610	1,150	60	10
Central and West African origins	165	120	40	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	20	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	25	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	15	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	80	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	20	0	15	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	10	10	0	0
North African origins	355	135	15	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	150	70	0	0
Libyan	65	20	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	90	25	15	0
Sudanese	20	15	0	0
Tunisian	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	25	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	630	460	0	10
Afrikaner	35	25	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	10	0	0
Ethiopian	85	45	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	50	40	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	15	0	0
Oromo	20	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	25	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	50	35	0	0
South African	210	210	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	25	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	45	30	0	0
Other African origins	480	445	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	55	60	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	420	395	10	0
Asian origins	11,115	4,310	45	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,520	585	15	0
Afghan	80	15	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	105	55	0	0
Armenian	55	25	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	0	0
Georgian	20	15	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	530	150	10	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0
Israeli	65	40	0	0
Jordanian	40	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	130	0	0
Palestinian	70	35	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	110	10	0	0
Syrian	160	60	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	0	0
Turk	110	45	0	0
Turkmen	20	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	35	20	0	0
South Asian origins	1,945	1,125	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,540	975	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	75	35	0	0
Pakistani	170	45	0	0
Punjabi	130	40	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	30	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	25	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,765	2,680	20	10
Burmese	20	15	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	10	0	0
Chinese	3,730	1,225	10	0
Filipino	1,880	660	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	90	60	0	0
Japanese	1,055	465	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	580	135	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	40	40	0	0
Mongolian	40	25	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0
Taiwanese	75	20	0	0
Thai	180	60	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	405	155	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	40	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	40	40	0	0
Oceania origins	660	645	10	0
Australian	395	390	10	0
New Zealander	150	150	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	145	135	0	0
Fijian	65	55	0	0
Hawaiian	40	45	0	0
Maori	25	20	0	0
Samoan	10	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	15	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	73,745	61,275	1,455	235
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,345	5,935	170	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	19,150	16,355	335	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,250	38,985	955	160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,820	4,040	170	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	2,255	1,865	85	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	2,560	2,175	85	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,225	11,180	280	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,195	1,725	40	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,015	22,045	460	100
Bachelor's degree	16,800	13,840	215	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,660	1,290	30	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	725	540	15	0
Master's degree	6,225	5,145	160	25
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	1,600	1,230	45	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	73,745	61,275	1,455	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	26,495	22,290	500	75
Education	3,225	2,730	100	0
13. Education	3,225	2,725	100	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,945	2,585	35	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	225	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	2,690	2,355	35	10
Humanities	4,065	3,400	100	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	535	335	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	1,420	1,245	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	625	505	25	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	50	40	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	340	315	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	160	10	0
54. History	720	660	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	200	150	35	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,175	6,995	130	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	215	175	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	725	640	25	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	720	600	15	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,050	885	25	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	220	200	0	0
42. Psychology	1,655	1,465	10	0
45. Social sciences	3,595	3,035	50	15
Business, management and public administration	8,255	6,480	185	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,225	1,060	25	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,015	5,415	150	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,340	1,925	75	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,195	1,025	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	280	240	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	795	585	55	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	60	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,845	1,425	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,365	1,040	15	0
25. Library science	195	170	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	270	205	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	15	15	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,475	4,425	110	15
04. Architecture and related services	410	345	0	0
14. Engineering	1,395	860	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,115	975	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,270	1,110	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	645	15	10
48. Precision production	545	485	25	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,005	875	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	395	345	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	610	530	15	10
Health and related fields	7,390	6,030	95	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	585	515	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,545	5,340	85	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	260	170	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,505	2,100	70	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,780	1,470	55	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	40	35	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	55	10	0
43. Security and protective services	230	205	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	390	330	0	0
Other	25	20	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	20	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	73,745	61,275	1,455	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,495	22,290	500	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	47,250	38,985	950	155
Location of study inside Canada	39,385	34,820	820	140
Same as province or territory of residence	26,465	23,600	305	65
Different than province or territory of residence	12,920	11,225	515	75
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	7,865	4,165	135	20
United States^Footnote 132	2,090	1,795	30	0
Philippines	805	130	0	0
India	165	40	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	1,510	1,420	10	15
China^Footnote 134	290	15	0	0
France	100	35	60	0
Other	2,900	735	35	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	73,745	61,270	1,450	230
In the labour force	49,920	42,150	875	145
Employed	46,935	39,680	815	130
Unemployed	2,985	2,475	60	10
Not in the labour force	23,825	19,115	580	90
Participation rate	67.7	68.8	60.3	63.0
Employment rate	63.6	64.8	56.2	56.5
Unemployment rate	6.0	5.9	6.9	6.9
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	73,745	61,270	1,450	235
Did not work^Footnote 137	22,085	17,445	540	85
Worked	51,660	43,830	915	150
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	23,775	20,415	440	70
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	27,885	23,415	475	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.3	42.2	42.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	53,390	45,150	940	155
a.Management	5,340	4,615	90	10
00 Senior management occupations	605	535	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,155	1,905	30	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,910	1,605	25	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	670	570	30	0
b.Professional	13,420	11,390	270	40
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,250	1,810	55	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,665	2,250	65	10
30 Professional occupations in nursing	900	810	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,000	810	25	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,600	2,190	70	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,720	2,385	25	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,295	1,130	30	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	6,105	5,290	100	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,670	1,440	25	10
32 Technical occupations in health	1,105	930	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,425	1,220	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	415	355	35	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,495	1,345	25	10
d.Administration and administrative support	5,970	5,260	100	20
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,735	2,420	55	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	385	325	10	0
14 Office support occupations	2,200	1,905	35	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	640	605	15	10
e.Sales	4,990	4,350	50	15
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	975	885	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	2,670	2,345	25	15
66 Sales support occupations	1,345	1,120	20	0
f.Personal and customer information services	11,705	9,030	190	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,070	720	10	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,180	850	20	10
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,605	1,960	50	10
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,290	2,770	45	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,550	2,740	75	15
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,530	2,265	60	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,080	1,900	50	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	445	370	10	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,795	1,540	50	10
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	465	420	15	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	945	790	35	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	380	335	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	905	850	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	120	120	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	130	115	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	655	610	20	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	635	555	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	95	85	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	205	170	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	140	115	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	195	180	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	53,390	45,150	935	155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	380	345	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	190	165	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	50	45	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	30	30	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	115	110	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	175	160	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	60	55	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	15	20	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	95	85	0	0
22 Utilities	90	80	0	10
221 Utilities	90	80	0	10
23 Construction	2,640	2,365	85	0
236 Construction of buildings	890	820	20	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	150	135	15	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,600	1,410	50	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,555	1,360	10	0
311 Food manufacturing	330	280	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	150	145	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	35	20	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	80	75	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	10	10	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	135	110	10	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	35	30	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	45	35	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	35	25	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	100	90	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	50	40	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	140	100	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	160	155	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	115	100	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	120	115	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	690	575	15	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	195	155	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	125	95	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	95	80	10	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	145	120	10	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	75	70	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	25	20	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,135	5,285	65	30
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	415	375	0	10
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	220	195	10	10
443 Electronics and appliance stores	160	135	10	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	270	265	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	1,800	1,495	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	635	530	10	0
447 Gasoline stations	120	90	10	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	800	690	10	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	460	415	15	0
452 General merchandise stores	445	410	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	605	515	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	190	165	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,545	1,325	40	15
481 Air transportation	125	125	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	235	205	0	10
484 Truck transportation	180	160	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	440	350	10	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	95	80	0	10
488 Support activities for transportation	190	165	0	0
491 Postal service	155	140	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	85	65	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	40	40	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,330	1,215	20	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	335	295	10	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	185	170	10	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	120	100	10	0
517 Telecommunications	420	385	10	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	260	250	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,500	1,270	35	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	685	555	15	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	395	330	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	390	360	10	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	30	25	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,250	1,075	40	0
531 Real estate	1,185	1,025	30	0
532 Rental and leasing services	65	45	15	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,220	4,395	90	20
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,220	4,400	90	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	45	30	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,445	2,070	65	10
561 Administrative and support services	2,360	1,990	60	10
562 Waste management and remediation services	85	80	0	0
61 Educational services	4,795	4,100	100	10
611 Educational services	4,795	4,100	100	10
62 Health care and social assistance	7,155	5,895	60	15
621 Ambulatory health care services	3,030	2,575	20	0
622 Hospitals	1,545	1,315	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,255	920	20	10
624 Social assistance	1,320	1,085	25	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,670	1,505	35	10
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	795	710	30	0
712 Heritage institutions	170	155	0	10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	705	640	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,285	4,845	115	15
721 Accommodation services	1,550	1,125	45	0
722 Food services and drinking places	4,735	3,725	70	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,440	2,005	20	10
811 Repair and maintenance	295	260	0	10
812 Personal and laundry services	890	725	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	900	820	0	0
814 Private households	360	190	0	0
91 Public administration	6,045	5,245	140	25
911 Federal government public administration	1,925	1,595	105	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	3,505	3,080	30	20
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	605	555	10	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	10	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	46,930	39,680	815	135
Worked at home	3,760	3,320	60	0
Worked outside Canada	205	145	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,985	4,315	110	20
Worked at usual place	37,980	31,895	645	105
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	53,390	45,150	935	155
English	52,585	44,935	835	140
French	145	65	80	0
Non-official language	290	15	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	15	0	0
English and French	120	70	25	15
English and non-official language	240	65	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	53,390	45,150	935	155
None	51,325	44,335	625	125
English	275	70	70	0
French	775	470	235	30
Non-official language	940	230	10	0
Aboriginal	20	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	915	215	10	0
English and French	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	45	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,980	31,895	640	105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,120	20,205	375	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,985	10,925	245	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	610	540	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	270	230	15	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	42,965	36,210	750	125
Car, truck, van - as a driver	19,075	16,155	335	50
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,705	1,300	35	10
Public transit	6,150	4,835	60	10
Walked	10,025	8,635	175	30
Bicycle	4,775	4,210	110	25
Other method	1,235	1,080	30	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	42,970	36,210	750	130
Less than 15 minutes	15,020	12,650	285	40
15 to 29 minutes	18,890	16,050	315	50
30 to 44 minutes	6,420	5,230	105	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,520	1,305	30	0
60 minutes and over	1,120	980	10	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	42,965	36,210	745	125
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,310	1,155	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,840	4,050	115	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,100	9,535	280	45
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,215	10,340	160	40
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,880	5,720	110	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,625	5,415	75	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	80,980	67,710	1,500	260
Non-movers	62,510	52,650	1,100	180
Movers	18,470	15,060	400	80
Non-migrants	11,130	9,445	190	55
Migrants	7,340	5,615	210	25
Internal migrants	5,900	5,105	175	20
Intraprovincial migrants	3,530	3,150	55	10
Interprovincial migrants	2,370	1,955	120	15
External migrants	1,435	510	35	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	78,780	65,760	1,475	250
Non-movers	34,810	29,470	635	80
Movers	43,970	36,290	840	170
Non-migrants	23,430	20,250	435	50
Migrants	20,540	16,040	410	115
Internal migrants	16,010	14,065	340	100
Intraprovincial migrants	9,565	8,565	105	20
Interprovincial migrants	6,450	5,505	240	75
External migrants	4,525	1,970	65	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Victoria, CY

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 5.7%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.