Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Langford, CY
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	34,920	30,885	640	70
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	34,925	30,890	640	70
0 to 14 years	6,360	6,005	45	15
0 to 4 years	2,165	2,055	25	10
5 to 9 years	2,275	2,160	10	10
10 to 14 years	1,920	1,795	10	0
15 to 64 years	24,530	21,555	520	35
15 to 19 years	2,120	1,915	25	0
20 to 24 years	1,925	1,745	45	0
25 to 29 years	2,450	2,140	40	10
30 to 34 years	2,915	2,560	50	10
35 to 39 years	2,765	2,385	75	10
40 to 44 years	2,530	2,190	50	0
45 to 49 years	2,705	2,365	45	10
50 to 54 years	2,695	2,360	75	0
55 to 59 years	2,445	2,160	60	0
60 to 64 years	1,995	1,740	50	0
65 years and over	4,030	3,330	80	20
65 to 69 years	1,710	1,470	30	10
70 to 74 years	990	795	15	10
75 to 79 years	575	465	25	0
80 to 84 years	435	360	0	0
85 years and over	315	250	10	0
85 to 89 years	220	170	10	0
90 to 94 years	75	55	0	0
95 to 99 years	20	20	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	38.1	37.4	43.7	44.2
Median age	38.1	37.3	44.5	47.9
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	28,565	24,885	595	55
Married or living common law	17,255	14,680	405	30
Married	13,430	11,170	315	15
Living common law	3,830	3,515	85	15
Not married and not living common law	11,305	10,200	190	30
Never married	7,270	6,600	110	10
Separated	935	860	15	10
Divorced	2,115	1,905	55	10
Widowed	985	835	10	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	28,560	24,880	595	55
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,540	23,995	590	55
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,024	46,628	53,563	48,692
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,189	41,413	50,604	49,929
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,585	24,040	590	55
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,707	39,162	44,698	41,347
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,432	36,264	44,053	45,065
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,690	22,515	555	45
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,438	44,852	52,610	49,575
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,350	39,120	50,130	46,357
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,780	15,405	340	40
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,070	7,071	6,162	9,561
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,495	4,535	3,370	10,729
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,830	20,165	500	35
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,153	43,356	51,158	55,536
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,560	38,996	54,078	41,663
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	90.1	90.3	92.4	83.3
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	77.7	78.1	81.6	72.6
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	9.9	9.7	6.7	12.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	28,565	24,885	600	55
Without total income	1,020	890	10	0
With total income	27,540	23,995	590	55
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.4	98.3	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,145	2,590	65	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	3,895	3,320	65	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	3,425	2,820	70	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	3,235	2,885	50	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,285	2,910	40	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,940	2,695	60	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	2,120	1,895	60	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,635	1,475	25	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,285	1,125	60	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	880	785	35	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,695	1,495	55	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,300	1,155	50	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	395	340	0	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	28,560	24,885	600	60
Without after-tax income	980	845	10	10
With after-tax income	27,580	24,040	590	55
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.6	98.3	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,320	2,745	65	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	4,150	3,545	75	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	4,165	3,475	80	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,005	3,600	55	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	4,030	3,665	55	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,810	2,500	85	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,990	1,750	70	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	1,245	40	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	1,740	1,520	70	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	690	600	35	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	405	370	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	645	555	15	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	28,560	24,885	595	55
Without employment income	5,735	4,720	95	20
With employment income	22,830	20,165	495	35
Percentage with employment income	79.9	81.0	83.2	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,005	2,630	85	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	1,290	1,140	10	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	2,720	2,335	50	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	2,425	2,110	30	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,405	2,115	30	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	2,485	2,180	35	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,325	2,150	55	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,715	1,525	55	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,360	1,210	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	3,115	2,755	135	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	965	65	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	715	650	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,305	1,140	45	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	28,565	24,885	600	55
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	11,475	10,265	280	20
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	54,854	54,937	62,362	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	58,600	58,397	67,846	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	34,920	30,890	645	70
English only	32,330	29,250	50	20
French only	25	10	15	0
English and French	2,450	1,630	580	55
Neither English nor French	120	10	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	34,920	30,885	640	70
English	32,675	30,630	420	55
French	190	10	175	10
Non-official language	1,210	60	10	0
Aboriginal	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,185	60	0	0
English and French	60	10	40	10
English and non-official language	775	180	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	34,920	30,890	645	70
None	32,600	30,240	420	60
English	740	55	100	0
French	440	290	120	10
Non-official language	1,085	285	10	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,080	285	0	0
English and French	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	34,925	30,890	645	70
English	34,135	30,880	50	50
French	610	10	595	0
English and French	65	0	0	15
Neither English nor French	110	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 19}	645	0	595	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 20}	1.8	0.0	92.2	14.3
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	34,920	30,885	645	70
Official languages	34,805	30,885	640	75
English	34,780	30,880	630	70
French	2,475	1,635	595	55
Non-official languages	4,525	1,245	60	10
Aboriginal languages	50	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,485	1,240	55	10
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	34,925	30,890	640	70
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 23}	2,090	1,990	40	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	1,995	1,910	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 25}	1,005	950	15	10
Métis	990	950	25	15
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 26}	70	60	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 27}	30	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,825	28,895	600	45
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	34,920	30,890	640	70
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 29}	605	570	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	34,320	30,320	620	65
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 30}	34,920	30,885	645	70
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	295	255	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	285	250	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 33}	225	190	10	0
Métis single ancestry	55	55	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 34}	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	2,235	2,155	40	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	2,100	2,025	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,285	1,245	25	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	805	775	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	135	130	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	130	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 38}	32,395	28,475	595	40
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 39}	34,920	30,890	640	70
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	33,405	30,310	630	70
Canadian citizens only	32,550	29,850	620	65
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	855	465	15	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	1,515	580	10	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 42}	34,920	30,890	645	70
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	30,155	28,900	585	70
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	4,400	1,925	60	0
Before 1981	1,700	1,050	20	0
1981 to 1990	560	205	20	0
1991 to 2000	590	205	0	0
2001 to 2010	855	200	20	0
2001 to 2005	360	100	10	0
2006 to 2010	495	100	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 45}	700	265	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	365	60	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	4,400	1,925	55	0
Under 5 years	645	445	15	0
5 to 14 years	1,000	520	0	0
15 to 24 years	905	350	15	0
25 to 44 years	1,555	520	10	0
45 years and over	290	85	10	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	4,400	1,925	55	0
Americas	725	425	10	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	0	0
Mexico	135	0	0	0
Peru	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	30	0	0
United States^{Footnote 49}	355	335	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	20	0	0
Europe	2,000	1,145	30	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0
Croatia	30	10	0	0
France	25	10	20	0
Germany	220	80	0	0
Greece	15	10	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 50}	25	25	0	0
Italy	70	0	0	0
Netherlands	120	0	0	0
Poland	110	10	0	0
Portugal	65	15	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	70	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 52}	970	970	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	195	30	10	0
Africa	175	110	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	65	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	35	10	0
Asia	1,410	170	10	0
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 53}	155	15	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 54}	55	10	0	0
India	265	20	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 55}	60	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 56}	80	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	10	0	0
Philippines	350	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 57}	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	60	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 58}	85	80	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 59}	700	265	0	0
Americas	155	90	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0
Mexico	45	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 60}	85	85	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 61}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0
Europe	150	125	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 64}	120	120	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0
Africa	30	20	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	0
Asia	350	20	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 65}	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 66}	10	0	0	0
India	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 67}	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 68}	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0
Philippines	165	15	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 70}	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 71}	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 72}	34,920	30,890	645	70
First generation^{Footnote 73}	5,055	2,255	65	0
Second generation^{Footnote 74}	6,665	6,070	55	20
Third generation or more^{Footnote 75}	23,195	22,565	525	50
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 76}	2,775	915	45	0
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 77}	1,475	560	25	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 78}	540	145	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 79}	935	415	20	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 80}	1,025	315	20	0
Refugees^{Footnote 81}	260	30	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 82}	10	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 83}	34,920	30,885	645	70
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 84}	3,600	1,575	20	0
South Asian^{Footnote 85}	905	415	0	0
Chinese	770	360	10	0
Black	250	205	10	0
Filipino	545	175	0	0
Latin American	375	105	0	0
Arab	60	20	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 86}	275	80	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 87}	70	15	0	0
Korean	110	15	0	0
Japanese	115	80	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 88}	15	15	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 89}	105	90	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 90}	31,320	29,310	620	70
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 91}	34,920	30,885	645	70
North American Aboriginal origins	2,525	2,415	50	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,650	1,570	35	15
Inuit	15	15	0	0
Métis	1,005	970	15	15
Other North American origins	11,365	10,875	365	40
Acadian	50	50	0	0
American	645	610	0	10
Canadian	10,885	10,430	365	35
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	20	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	40	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	10	10	0	0
European origins	27,275	25,380	445	55
British Isles origins	20,775	20,590	100	40
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	13,465	13,375	40	25
Irish	6,585	6,495	60	10
Manx	20	20	0	0
Scottish	9,495	9,445	10	20
Welsh	1,080	1,075	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	1,485	1,485	0	0
French origins	4,105	3,635	400	45
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	4,100	3,630	400	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,145	6,570	45	0
Austrian	330	305	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0
Belgian	195	185	10	0
Dutch	1,845	1,665	0	0
Flemish	15	15	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	5,185	4,800	35	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	190	165	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,200	3,090	0	0
Danish	650	580	0	0
Finnish	300	295	0	0
Icelandic	330	335	0	0
Norwegian	1,230	1,220	0	0
Swedish	830	820	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	130	125	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,675	4,195	15	0
Bulgarian	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	225	190	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	85	80	0	0
Estonian	45	40	0	0
Hungarian	490	435	0	0
Latvian	20	15	0	0
Lithuanian	80	75	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,430	1,290	0	0
Romanian	190	145	0	0
Russian	735	590	10	0
Slovak	75	75	0	0
Ukrainian	2,070	1,990	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	15	10	0	0
Southern European origins	2,670	2,175	50	0
Albanian	25	15	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	125	100	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	140	10	0
Italian	1,240	1,115	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	30	0	0
Maltese	35	35	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	425	350	0	0
Serbian	95	80	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0
Slovenian	30	25	0	0
Spanish	545	330	25	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	45	40	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	195	200	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0
Jewish	85	85	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	95	95	0	0
Caribbean origins	255	240	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	15	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	115	110	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	55	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 102}	55	55	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	15	15	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	615	275	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	15	0	0
Chilean	30	20	0	0
Colombian	85	20	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	25	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	10	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0
Mexican	290	155	0	0
Nicaraguan	35	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	15	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	20	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	25	0	0	0
African origins	405	345	10	0
Central and West African origins	55	45	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	15	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	15	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	15	10	0	0
North African origins	25	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	155	130	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	115	110	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	10	10	0	0
Other African origins	185	170	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	25	20	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	160	155	0	0
Asian origins	3,375	1,595	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	360	205	0	10
Afghan	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 111}	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	10	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	45	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	55	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	30	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	20	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	15	10	0	0
South Asian origins	935	455	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	810	400	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	15	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	15	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,090	945	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0	0
Chinese	960	520	10	0
Filipino	605	210	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	85	75	0	0
Japanese	155	120	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	15	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0
Malaysian	30	20	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	0	0
Thai	15	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	195	45	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	10	10	0	0
Oceania origins	170	175	0	0
Australian	105	100	0	0
New Zealander	45	45	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	35	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	30	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 116}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 118}	28,560	24,885	600	55
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,945	3,500	40	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 119}	9,390	8,485	215	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,230	12,900	345	35
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,805	2,515	50	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	1,075	940	25	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	1,730	1,580	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,615	5,825	165	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	750	615	20	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,060	3,935	105	10
Bachelor's degree	3,575	2,785	85	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	370	285	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	0	0
Master's degree	920	715	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 122}	135	120	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 123}	28,560	24,885	595	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 124}	13,330	11,985	250	20
Education	830	720	15	0
13. Education	830	725	15	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	465	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	105	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	420	360	0	0
Humanities	635	495	30	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	40	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	170	140	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	105	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 125}	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	35	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	50	0	0
54. History	115	105	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	25	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,780	1,480	35	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	20	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	100	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	285	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	295	280	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 126}	40	35	0	0
42. Psychology	330	285	10	0
45. Social sciences	635	475	15	0
Business, management and public administration	3,145	2,595	70	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	265	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,845	2,320	65	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	330	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	170	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	70	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 127}	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	115	85	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	430	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	525	415	15	10
25. Library science	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 128}	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,075	2,625	70	15
04. Architecture and related services	105	65	0	0
14. Engineering	320	215	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	655	575	20	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	950	870	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	660	565	20	0
48. Precision production	380	335	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	220	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	120	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	100	0	0
Health and related fields	2,845	2,525	50	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	165	155	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,665	2,365	45	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,135	1,010	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	690	590	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	45	0	0
43. Security and protective services	220	210	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	160	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 129}	28,560	24,885	595	55
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,330	11,985	255	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 130}	15,230	12,900	345	35
Location of study inside Canada	13,445	12,140	330	30
Same as province or territory of residence	9,990	9,255	95	0
Different than province or territory of residence	3,455	2,885	230	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 131}	1,785	760	20	0
United States^{Footnote 132}	370	315	0	10
Philippines	235	25	0	0
India	145	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 133}	335	310	0	0
China^{Footnote 134}	60	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Other	625	95	0	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	28,560	24,885	595	55
In the labour force	20,650	18,220	445	40
Employed	19,560	17,275	425	40
Unemployed	1,090	945	20	0
Not in the labour force	7,905	6,665	155	15
Participation rate	72.3	73.2	74.8	72.7
Employment rate	68.5	69.4	71.4	72.7
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	4.5	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	28,565	24,885	595	60
Did not work^{Footnote 137}	7,260	6,035	145	15
Worked	21,300	18,850	455	40
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 138}	11,730	10,490	285	20
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 139}	9,570	8,365	165	15
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	44.3	45.9	46.1
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	21,770	19,260	455	40
a.Management	2,315	1,975	35	15
00 Senior management occupations	210	170	0	10
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	855	735	25	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	900	755	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	345	310	10	10
b.Professional	3,035	2,710	45	15
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	625	560	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	620	520	15	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	475	425	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	120	105	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	475	435	10	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	545	485	10	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	190	170	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,800	2,485	125	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	710	645	15	0
32 Technical occupations in health	475	425	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	520	485	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	740	615	80	10
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	320	15	0
d.Administration and administrative support	3,030	2,760	60	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,255	1,140	15	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	305	255	10	0
14 Office support occupations	1,125	1,035	25	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	345	330	10	0
e.Sales	2,330	2,125	15	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	485	430	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	1,070	975	10	0
66 Sales support occupations	775	720	0	0
f.Personal and customer information services	4,310	3,555	70	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	540	445	15	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	535	455	20	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	885	735	15	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,085	875	20	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,265	1,045	10	0
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,010	1,860	60	10
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,515	1,410	25	10
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	490	450	35	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,250	1,145	25	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	240	230	10	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	685	605	15	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	325	315	0	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	360	340	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	100	85	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	65	60	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	195	190	0	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	325	305	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	50	45	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	110	105	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	80	70	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	85	80	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	21,765	19,260	455	40
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	135	10	0
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 142}	65	65	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	30	20	10	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	40	30	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	20	20	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	95	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	20	10	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	55	50	0	0
22 Utilities	85	80	0	0
221 Utilities	80	80	0	0
23 Construction	2,050	1,925	25	10
236 Construction of buildings	615	565	10	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	150	140	10	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,285	1,220	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	765	690	0	10
311 Food manufacturing	75	70	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	25	25	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	35	30	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	15	15	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	35	25	0	10
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	10	10	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	15	20	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	25	25	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	65	55	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	75	70	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	75	70	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	180	170	10	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	60	50	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	50	50	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	505	460	0	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	165	150	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	15	15	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	115	110	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	140	120	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	35	25	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	10	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,835	2,545	25	0
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	245	190	15	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	70	70	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	80	65	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	185	185	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	860	775	10	0
446 Health and personal care stores	180	145	0	0
447 Gasoline stations	50	50	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	300	275	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	135	130	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	485	430	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	175	165	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	75	65	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	805	720	25	0
481 Air transportation	40	30	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	100	95	0	0
484 Truck transportation	120	110	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	230	185	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	110	110	0	0
491 Postal service	85	80	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	75	60	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	45	45	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	385	10	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	95	80	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	65	60	10	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	220	210	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	10	0	0
519 Other information services	35	15	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	840	720	10	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	375	325	10	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	105	80	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	350	315	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	10	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	415	370	0	10
531 Real estate	365	315	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	45	45	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,280	1,090	35	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,280	1,090	35	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	935	845	10	10
561 Administrative and support services	845	760	10	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	90	85	0	10
61 Educational services	1,165	1,070	10	0
611 Educational services	1,160	1,070	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	2,870	2,545	50	10
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,085	965	15	0
622 Hospitals	765	685	15	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	445	385	10	0
624 Social assistance	580	510	15	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	480	445	10	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	115	100	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	85	85	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	285	255	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,845	1,515	25	0
721 Accommodation services	340	260	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,505	1,260	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	985	825	20	0
811 Repair and maintenance	275	265	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	445	335	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	195	170	10	0
814 Private households	70	55	10	0
91 Public administration	3,185	2,790	195	10
911 Federal government public administration	1,725	1,440	150	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	990	920	20	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	465	430	25	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	19,560	17,275	430	45
Worked at home	1,295	1,160	20	10
Worked outside Canada	45	35	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,680	2,375	65	15
Worked at usual place	15,540	13,705	340	15
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	21,765	19,265	455	45
English	21,625	19,215	420	40
French	40	30	10	0
Non-official language	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	0	0	0
English and French	40	15	20	0
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 145}	21,770	19,260	455	45
None	21,150	19,050	305	40
English	35	20	10	0
French	325	150	145	0
Non-official language	255	45	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	250	40	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,535	13,705	335	15
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,015	3,570	65	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,065	9,755	260	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	370	305	0	10
Commute to a different province or territory	85	70	15	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	18,220	16,080	405	35
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,380	12,825	315	35
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	895	775	25	0
Public transit	1,285	1,050	15	0
Walked	810	700	10	0
Bicycle	475	430	0	0
Other method	375	300	35	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	18,220	16,080	405	35
Less than 15 minutes	4,135	3,620	80	10
15 to 29 minutes	5,015	4,490	95	10
30 to 44 minutes	5,360	4,730	125	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,520	2,190	80	0
60 minutes and over	1,180	1,055	25	10
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	18,220	16,085	400	35
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,090	970	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,910	4,450	160	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,750	4,190	105	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,120	2,710	50	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,880	1,565	20	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,465	2,195	50	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	34,545	30,540	635	70
Non-movers	28,110	24,980	495	55
Movers	6,435	5,555	140	15
Non-migrants	4,260	3,790	80	20
Migrants	2,175	1,770	60	0
Internal migrants	1,870	1,650	50	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,220	1,115	15	0
Interprovincial migrants	650	540	35	0
External migrants	305	120	10	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	32,755	28,835	615	65
Non-movers	16,145	14,440	260	30
Movers	16,605	14,400	360	35
Non-migrants	10,235	9,305	145	25
Migrants	6,370	5,095	215	10
Internal migrants	5,470	4,760	215	10
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	3,050	70	0
Interprovincial migrants	2,135	1,705	145	0
External migrants	905	330	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 133

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Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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