Data tables, 2016 Census
Visible Minority (15), Age (15A), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (900) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data
About this variable: Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (900)
Definition
No definition is available for this variable.
Values
- Total - Household type of person for the population in private households - 25% sample data
- Persons in one-census-family households without additional persons
- In a couple census family without children (no other persons present in the household)
- In a couple census family with children (no other persons present in the household)
- In a lone-parent census family (no other persons present in the household)
- Persons in multigenerational households Footnote 6
- Persons in other census family households Footnote 7
- Persons in two-or-more-person non-census-family households
- Persons living alone (one-person households)
- Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 10
- Married or living common law
- Married
- Living common law
- Not married and not living common law
- Never married
- Separated
- Divorced
- Widowed
- Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data Footnote 19
- Non-movers
- Movers
- Non-migrants
- Migrants
- Internal migrants
- Intraprovincial migrants
- Interprovincial migrants
- External migrants
- Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data Footnote 28
- Non-movers
- Movers
- Non-migrants
- Migrants
- Internal migrants
- Intraprovincial migrants
- Interprovincial migrants
- External migrants
- Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 37
- English
- French
- English and French
- Neither English nor French
- Official language minority (number) Footnote 42
- Official language minority (percentage) Footnote 43
- Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data Footnote 44
- English
- French
- Non-official language
- English and French
- English and non-official language
- French and non-official language
- English, French and non-official language
- Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data Footnote 52
- English
- French
- Non-official language
- English and French
- English and non-official language
- French and non-official language
- English, French and non-official language
- Total - Number of languages known for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 60
- Knowledge of one language
- English only
- French only
- Non-official language only
- Knowledge of more than one language
- English and French only
- English, French and one or more non-official languages
- English and one or more non official languages
- French and one or more non official languages
- Multiple non-official languages only
- Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 71
- Canadian citizens Footnote 72
- Canadian citizens only
- Citizens of Canada and at least one other country
- Not Canadian citizens Footnote 75
- Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 76
- Non-immigrants Footnote 77
- Immigrants Footnote 78
- Before 1981
- 1981 to 1990
- 1991 to 2000
- 2001 to 2010
- 2001 to 2005
- 2006 to 2010
- 2011 to 2016 Footnote 85
- Non-permanent residents Footnote 86
- Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 87
- Under 5 years
- 5 to 14 years
- 15 to 24 years
- 25 to 44 years
- 45 years and over
- Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data Footnote 93
- Economic immigrants Footnote 94
- Principal applicants Footnote 95
- Secondary applicants Footnote 96
- Immigrants sponsored by family Footnote 97
- Refugees Footnote 98
- Other immigrants Footnote 99
- Total - Place of birth for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 100
- Born in Canada
- Born outside Canada
- Americas
- North America
- Greenland
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon
- United States Footnote 107
- Central America
- Belize
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Caribbean and Bermuda
- Anguilla
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Bermuda
- Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
- Cayman Islands
- Cuba
- Curaçao
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Grenada
- Guadeloupe
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Martinique
- Montserrat
- Puerto Rico
- Saint Barthélemy
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Lucia
- Saint Martin (French part)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- Virgin Islands, British
- Virgin Islands, United States
- South America
- Argentina
- Bolivia Footnote 149
- Brazil
- Chile
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
- French Guiana
- Guyana
- Paraguay
- Peru
- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
- Suriname
- Uruguay
- Venezuela Footnote 162
- Europe
- Western Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- France
- Germany
- Liechtenstein
- Luxembourg
- Monaco
- Netherlands
- Switzerland
- Eastern Europe
- Belarus
- Bulgaria
- Czech Republic
- Estonia
- Hungary
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Moldova Footnote 182
- Poland
- Romania
- Russian Federation
- Slovakia
- Ukraine
- Northern Europe
- Åland Islands
- Denmark
- Faroe Islands
- Finland
- Guernsey
- Iceland
- Ireland Footnote 195
- Isle of Man
- Jersey
- Norway
- Sark
- Svalbard and Jan Mayen
- Sweden
- United Kingdom Footnote 202
- Southern Europe
- Albania
- Andorra
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Croatia
- Gibraltar
- Greece
- Holy See (Vatican City State)
- Italy
- Kosovo Footnote 212
- Macedonia, Republic of Footnote 213
- Malta
- Montenegro
- Portugal
- San Marino
- Serbia Footnote 218
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Africa
- Western Africa
- Benin
- Burkina Faso
- Cabo Verde
- Côte d'Ivoire
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Liberia
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Saint Helena Footnote 236
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
- Eastern Africa
- Burundi
- Comoros
- Djibouti
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Kenya
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Mauritius
- Mayotte
- Mozambique
- Réunion
- Rwanda
- Seychelles
- Somalia
- South Sudan
- Tanzania Footnote 257
- Uganda
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- Northern Africa
- Algeria
- Egypt
- Libya
- Morocco
- Sudan Footnote 266
- Tunisia
- Western Sahara
- Central Africa
- Angola
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the
- Congo, Republic of the
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Sao Tome and Principe
- Southern Africa
- Botswana
- Lesotho
- Namibia
- South Africa, Republic of
- Swaziland
- Asia
- West Central Asia and the Middle East
- Afghanistan
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Georgia
- Iran Footnote 293
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Syria Footnote 304
- Tajikistan
- Turkey
- Turkmenistan
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine) Footnote 310
- Yemen
- Eastern Asia
- China Footnote 313
- Hong Kong Footnote 314
- Japan
- Korea, North Footnote 316
- Korea, South Footnote 317
- Macao Footnote 318
- Mongolia
- Taiwan
- Southeast Asia
- Brunei Darussalam
- Burma (Myanmar)
- Cambodia
- Indonesia
- Laos Footnote 326
- Malaysia
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Thailand
- Timor-Leste
- Viet Nam
- Southern Asia
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- British Indian Ocean Territory
- India
- Maldives
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
- Oceania
- American Samoa
- Australia
- Christmas Island
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands
- Cook Islands
- Fiji
- French Polynesia
- Guam
- Kiribati
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia, Federated States of
- Nauru
- New Caledonia
- New Zealand
- Niue
- Norfolk Island
- Northern Mariana Islands
- Palau
- Papua New Guinea
- Pitcairn
- Samoa
- Solomon Islands
- Tokelau
- Tonga
- Tuvalu
- United States Minor Outlying Islands
- Vanuatu
- Wallis and Futuna
- Other places of birth Footnote 371
- Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 372
- First generation Footnote 373
- Second generation Footnote 374
- Third generation or more Footnote 375
- Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 376
- North American Aboriginal origins
- First Nations (North American Indian)
- Inuit
- Métis
- Other North American origins
- Acadian
- American
- Canadian
- New Brunswicker
- Newfoundlander
- Nova Scotian
- Ontarian
- Québécois
- Other North American origins, n.i.e. Footnote 390
- European origins
- British Isles origins
- Channel Islander
- Cornish
- English
- Irish
- Manx
- Scottish
- Welsh
- British Isles origins, n.i.e. Footnote 400
- French origins
- Alsatian
- Breton
- Corsican
- French
- Western European origins (except French origins)
- Austrian
- Bavarian
- Belgian
- Dutch
- Flemish
- Frisian
- German
- Luxembourger
- Swiss
- Western European origins, n.i.e. Footnote 416
- Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)
- Danish
- Finnish
- Icelandic
- Norwegian
- Swedish
- Northern European origins, n.i.e. Footnote 423
- Eastern European origins
- Bulgarian
- Byelorussian
- Czech
- Czechoslovakian, n.o.s. Footnote 428
- Estonian
- Hungarian
- Latvian
- Lithuanian
- Moldovan
- Polish
- Romanian
- Russian
- Slovak
- Ukrainian
- Eastern European origins, n.i.e. Footnote 439
- Southern European origins
- Albanian
- Bosnian
- Catalan
- Croatian
- Cypriot
- Greek
- Italian
- Kosovar
- Macedonian
- Maltese
- Montenegrin
- Portuguese
- Serbian
- Sicilian
- Slovenian
- Spanish
- Yugoslavian, n.o.s. Footnote 457
- Southern European origins, n.i.e. Footnote 458
- Other European origins
- Basque
- Jewish
- Roma (Gypsy)
- Slavic, n.o.s. Footnote 463
- Other European origins, n.i.e. Footnote 464
- Caribbean origins
- Antiguan
- Bahamian
- Barbadian
- Bermudan
- Carib
- Cuban
- Dominican
- Grenadian
- Guadeloupean
- Haitian
- Jamaican
- Kittitian/Nevisian
- Martinican
- Montserratan
- Puerto Rican
- St. Lucian
- Trinidadian/Tobagonian
- Vincentian/Grenadinian
- West Indian, n.o.s. Footnote 484
- Caribbean origins, n.i.e. Footnote 485
- Latin, Central and South American origins
- Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)
- Arawak
- Argentinian
- Belizean
- Bolivian
- Brazilian
- Chilean
- Colombian
- Costa Rican
- Ecuadorian
- Guatemalan
- Guyanese
- Hispanic
- Honduran
- Maya
- Mexican
- Nicaraguan
- Panamanian
- Paraguayan
- Peruvian
- Salvadorean
- Uruguayan
- Venezuelan
- Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e. Footnote 510
- African origins
- Central and West African origins
- Akan
- Angolan
- Ashanti
- Beninese
- Burkinabe
- Cameroonian
- Chadian
- Congolese
- Edo
- Ewe
- Gabonese
- Gambian
- Ghanaian
- Guinean
- Ibo
- Ivorian
- Liberian
- Malian
- Malinké
- Nigerian
- Peulh
- Senegalese
- Sierra Leonean
- Togolese
- Wolof
- Yoruba
- Central and West African origins, n.i.e. Footnote 539
- North African origins
- Algerian
- Berber
- Coptic
- Dinka
- Egyptian
- Libyan
- Maure
- Moroccan
- Sudanese
- Tunisian
- North African origins, n.i.e. Footnote 551
- Southern and East African origins
- Afrikaner
- Amhara
- Bantu, n.o.s. Footnote 555
- Burundian
- Djiboutian
- Eritrean
- Ethiopian
- Harari
- Kenyan
- Malagasy
- Mauritian
- Oromo
- Rwandan
- Seychellois
- Somali
- South African
- Tanzanian
- Tigrian
- Ugandan
- Zambian
- Zimbabwean
- Zulu
- Southern and East African origins, n.i.e. Footnote 575
- Other African origins
- Black, n.o.s. Footnote 577
- Other African origins, n.i.e. Footnote 578
- Asian origins
- West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins
- Afghan
- Arab, n.o.s. Footnote 582
- Armenian
- Assyrian
- Azerbaijani
- Georgian
- Hazara
- Iranian
- Iraqi
- Israeli
- Jordanian
- Kazakh
- Kurd
- Kuwaiti
- Kyrgyz
- Lebanese
- Palestinian
- Pashtun
- Saudi Arabian
- Syrian
- Tajik
- Tatar
- Turk
- Turkmen
- Uighur
- Uzbek
- Yemeni
- West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e. Footnote 608
- South Asian origins
- Bangladeshi
- Bengali
- Bhutanese
- East Indian
- Goan
- Gujarati
- Kashmiri
- Nepali
- Pakistani
- Punjabi
- Sinhalese
- Sri Lankan
- Tamil
- South Asian origins, n.i.e. Footnote 623
- East and Southeast Asian origins
- Burmese
- Cambodian (Khmer)
- Chinese
- Filipino
- Hmong
- Indonesian
- Japanese
- Karen
- Korean
- Laotian
- Malaysian
- Mongolian
- Singaporean
- Taiwanese
- Thai
- Tibetan
- Vietnamese
- East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e. Footnote 642
- Other Asian origins
- Other Asian origins, n.i.e. Footnote 644
- Oceania origins
- Australian
- New Zealander
- Pacific Islands origins
- Fijian
- Hawaiian
- Maori
- Samoan
- Polynesian, n.o.s. Footnote 653
- Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e. Footnote 654
- Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 655
- No certificate, diploma or degree
- Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate Footnote 657
- Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree
- Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma
- Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification Footnote 660
- Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification Footnote 661
- College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma
- University certificate or diploma below bachelor level
- University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above
- Bachelor's degree
- University certificate or diploma above bachelor level
- Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry
- Master's degree
- Earned doctorate Footnote 669
- Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 670
- No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree Footnote 671
- Education
- 13. Education
- Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies
- 10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services
- 50. Visual and performing arts
- Humanities
- 16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics
- 23. English language and literature/letters
- 24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities
- 30A Interdisciplinary humanities Footnote 681
- 38. Philosophy and religious studies
- 39. Theology and religious vocations
- 54. History
- 55. French language and literature/letters
- Social and behavioural sciences and law
- 05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies
- 09. Communication, journalism and related programs
- 19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences
- 22. Legal professions and studies
- 30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences Footnote 691
- 42. Psychology
- 45. Social sciences
- Business, management and public administration
- 30.16 Accounting and computer science
- 44. Public administration and social service professions
- 52. Business, management, marketing and related support services
- Physical and life sciences and technologies
- 26. Biological and biomedical sciences
- 30.01 Biological and physical sciences
- 30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences Footnote 701
- 40. Physical sciences
- 41. Science technologies/technicians
- Mathematics, computer and information sciences
- 11. Computer and information sciences and support services
- 25. Library science
- 27. Mathematics and statistics
- 30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences Footnote 708
- Architecture, engineering, and related technologies
- 04. Architecture and related services
- 14. Engineering
- 15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields
- 30.12 Historic preservation and conservation
- 46. Construction trades
- 47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians
- 48. Precision production
- Agriculture, natural resources and conservation
- 01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences
- 03. Natural resources and conservation
- Health and related fields
- 31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies
- 51. Health professions and related programs
- 60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs
- Personal, protective and transportation services
- 12. Personal and culinary services
- 28. Military science, leadership and operational art
- 29. Military technologies and applied sciences
- 43. Security and protective services
- 49. Transportation and materials moving
- Other
- 30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other
- Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 732
- No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree
- Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree Footnote 734
- Location of study inside Canada
- Same as province or territory of residence
- Different than province or territory of residence
- Location of study outside Canada Footnote 738
- United States Footnote 739
- Philippines
- India
- United Kingdom Footnote 742
- China Footnote 743
- France
- Other
- Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data Footnote 746
- In the labour force
- Employed
- Unemployed
- Not in the labour force
- Participation rate
- Employment rate
- Unemployment rate
- Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data Footnote 754
- Did not work Footnote 755
- Worked
- Worked full year, full time Footnote 757
- Worked part year and/or part time Footnote 758
- Average weeks worked in reference year
- Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data Footnote 760
- Class of worker - not applicable Footnote 761
- All classes of workers Footnote 762
- Employee
- Self-employed Footnote 764
- Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data Footnote 765
- Occupation - not applicable Footnote 766
- All occupations Footnote 767
- 0 Management occupations
- 1 Business, finance and administration occupations
- 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations
- 3 Health occupations
- 4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services
- 5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport
- 6 Sales and service occupations
- 7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations
- 8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations
- 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities
- Total Labour Force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data Footnote 778
- Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable Footnote 779
- All industry categories Footnote 780
- 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting
- 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
- 22 Utilities
- 23 Construction
- 31-33 Manufacturing
- 41 Wholesale trade
- 44-45 Retail trade
- 48-49 Transportation and warehousing
- 51 Information and cultural industries
- 52 Finance and insurance
- 53 Real estate and rental and leasing
- 54 Professional, scientific and technical services
- 55 Management of companies and enterprises
- 56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services
- 61 Educational services
- 62 Health care and social assistance
- 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation
- 72 Accommodation and food services
- 81 Other services (except public administration)
- 91 Public administration
- Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data Footnote 801
- English
- French
- Non-official language
- English and French
- English and non-official language
- French and non-official language
- English, French and non-official language
- Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 809
- Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data
- Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data
- Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data
- Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data
- Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data
- Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)
- Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 825
- Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data Footnote 826
- Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) Footnote 827
- Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($) Footnote 828
- Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data Footnote 829
- Market income (%) Footnote 830
- Employment income (%) Footnote 831
- Government transfers (%) Footnote 832
- Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 833
- Without total income
- With total income
- Percentage with total income
- Under $10,000 (including loss)
- $10,000 to $19,999
- $20,000 to $29,999
- $30,000 to $39,999
- $40,000 to $49,999
- $50,000 to $59,999
- $60,000 to $69,999
- $70,000 to $79,999
- $80,000 to $89,999
- $90,000 to $99,999
- $100,000 and over
- $100,000 to $149,999
- $150,000 and over
- Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 850
- Without after-tax income
- With after-tax income
- Percentage with after-tax income
- Under $10,000 (including loss)
- $10,000 to $19,999
- $20,000 to $29,999
- $30,000 to $39,999
- $40,000 to $49,999
- $50,000 to $59,999
- $60,000 to $69,999
- $70,000 to $79,999
- $80,000 and over
- $80,000 to $89,999
- $90,000 to $99,999
- $100,000 and over
- Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 866
- Without employment income
- With employment income
- Percentage with employment income
- Under $5,000 (including loss)
- $5,000 to $9,999
- $10,000 to $19,999
- $20,000 to $29,999
- $30,000 to $39,999
- $40,000 to $49,999
- $50,000 to $59,999
- $60,000 to $69,999
- $70,000 to $79,999
- $80,000 and over
- $80,000 to $89,999
- $90,000 to $99,999
- $100,000 and over
- Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data Footnote 883
- In the bottom half of the distribution
- In the bottom decile
- In the second decile
- In the third decile
- In the fourth decile
- In the fifth decile
- In the top half of the distribution
- In the sixth decile
- In the seventh decile
- In the eighth decile
- In the ninth decile
- In the top decile
- Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data Footnote 896
- In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)
- Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)
- In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)
- Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)
Footnotes
- Footnote 6
-
In households where there is at least one person living with a child and a grandchild.
- Footnote 7
-
In households that are not multigenerational where there is one census family with additional persons or more than one census family.
- Footnote 10
-
For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.
- Footnote 19
-
Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.
- Footnote 28
-
Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.
- Footnote 37
-
First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 42
-
The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.
- Footnote 43
-
The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.
- Footnote 44
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Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 52
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Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 60
-
'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.
'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 71
-
Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.
For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 72
-
'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.
- Footnote 75
-
'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.
- Footnote 76
-
Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.
Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 77
-
'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.
- Footnote 78
-
'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.
- Footnote 85
-
Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.
- Footnote 86
-
'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.
- Footnote 87
-
'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.
'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 93
-
'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.
'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.
'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.
For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 94
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'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.
- Footnote 95
-
'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.
- Footnote 96
-
'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.
- Footnote 97
-
'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.
- Footnote 98
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'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.
- Footnote 99
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'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.
- Footnote 100
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For more information on the place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.
- Footnote 107
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The official name of United States is United States of America.
- Footnote 149
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The official name of Bolivia is Plurinational State of Bolivia.
- Footnote 162
-
The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
- Footnote 182
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The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.
- Footnote 195
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Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.
- Footnote 202
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The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).
- Footnote 212
-
The official name of Kosovo is Republic of Kosovo.
- Footnote 213
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Macedonia, Republic of: known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by the United Nations and other international bodies.
- Footnote 218
-
Serbia excludes Kosovo.
- Footnote 236
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The official name of Saint Helena is Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.
- Footnote 257
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The official name of Tanzania is United Republic of Tanzania.
- Footnote 266
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The full name of Sudan is the Republic of the Sudan.
- Footnote 293
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The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.
- Footnote 304
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The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.
- Footnote 310
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West Bank and Gaza Strip (Palestine): West Bank and Gaza Strip are the territories referred to in the Declaration of Principles, signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993. Palestine refers to pre-1948 British mandate Palestine.
- Footnote 313
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China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.
- Footnote 314
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The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
- Footnote 316
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The official name of North Korea is Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
- Footnote 317
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The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.
- Footnote 318
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The full name of Macao is Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
- Footnote 326
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The official name of Laos is Lao People's Democratic Republic.
- Footnote 371
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Includes other places of birth not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea'.
- Footnote 372
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Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.
For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 373
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'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.
- Footnote 374
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'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.
- Footnote 375
-
'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.
- Footnote 376
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This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.
'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 390
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Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').
- Footnote 400
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Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').
- Footnote 416
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Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').
- Footnote 423
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Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').
- Footnote 428
-
Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 439
-
Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').
- Footnote 457
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Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 458
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Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').
- Footnote 463
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Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 464
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Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').
- Footnote 484
-
Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 485
-
Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').
- Footnote 510
-
Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').
- Footnote 539
-
Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').
- Footnote 551
-
Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').
- Footnote 555
-
Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 575
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Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').
- Footnote 577
-
Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 578
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Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').
- Footnote 582
-
Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 608
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Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').
- Footnote 623
-
Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').
- Footnote 642
-
Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').
- Footnote 644
-
Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').
- Footnote 653
-
Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.
- Footnote 654
-
Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').
- Footnote 655
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Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'
This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.
The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.
This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.
Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013. - Footnote 657
-
'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.
- Footnote 660
-
'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.
- Footnote 661
-
'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.
- Footnote 669
-
'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.
- Footnote 670
-
'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.
This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.
This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.
There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.
This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.
This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.
For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.
Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.
- Footnote 671
-
'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.
- Footnote 681
-
'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'
- Footnote 691
-
'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'
- Footnote 701
-
'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'
- Footnote 708
-
'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'
- Footnote 732
-
'Location of study' refers to either:
- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.
In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.
This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.
'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.
This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.
For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013. - Footnote 734
-
'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.
- Footnote 738
-
Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.
- Footnote 739
-
The official name of United States is United States of America.
- Footnote 742
-
The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).
- Footnote 743
-
China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.
- Footnote 746
-
Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.
Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.
In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity. - Footnote 754
-
Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).
- Footnote 755
-
Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.
- Footnote 757
-
Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.
- Footnote 758
-
Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.
- Footnote 760
-
Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.
- Footnote 761
-
Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.
- Footnote 762
-
Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.
- Footnote 764
-
Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.
- Footnote 765
-
Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.
- Footnote 766
-
Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.
- Footnote 767
-
Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.
- Footnote 778
-
Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.
- Footnote 779
-
Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.
- Footnote 780
-
Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.
- Footnote 801
-
Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.
For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016. - Footnote 809
-
Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.
It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.
Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).
Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). - Footnote 825
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Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 826
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Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.
- Footnote 827
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Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.
Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). - Footnote 828
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Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.
Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative). - Footnote 829
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Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 830
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Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 831
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Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 832
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Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:
- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 833
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Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:
- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.
In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.
The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:
- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.
Receipts excluded from this income definition are:
- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 850
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After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 866
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Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 883
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Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.
Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables. - Footnote 896
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Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.
For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.
The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.
Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.
Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.
When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.
Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).
The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.
When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.
Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.
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