Census Profile, 2016 Census
Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Paradise, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]			St. Thomas, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	21,389	...	...	38,909	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	17,695	...	...	37,905	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	20.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,662	...	...	17,114	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,038	...	...	16,586	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	723.0	...	...	1,092.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	29.58	...	...	35.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	21,390	10,525	10,865	38,910	18,685	20,220
0 to 14 years	4,620	2,405	2,215	6,820	3,545	3,275
0 to 4 years	1,530	790	735	2,075	1,105	965
5 to 9 years	1,635	865	770	2,460	1,260	1,195
10 to 14 years	1,455	745	705	2,285	1,175	1,110
15 to 64 years	15,010	7,295	7,710	24,610	11,885	12,725
15 to 19 years	1,140	565	575	2,215	1,155	1,055
20 to 24 years	1,140	525	615	2,015	1,030	990
25 to 29 years	1,625	795	835	2,090	985	1,100
30 to 34 years	1,905	915	990	2,285	1,080	1,205
35 to 39 years	1,945	940	1,010	2,435	1,155	1,285
40 to 44 years	1,940	960	980	2,620	1,270	1,350
45 to 49 years	1,725	850	875	2,595	1,255	1,335
50 to 54 years	1,465	720	745	2,900	1,385	1,515
55 to 59 years	1,170	600	575	2,900	1,370	1,535
60 to 64 years	945	440	510	2,545	1,195	1,350
65 years and over	1,760	830	935	7,480	3,260	4,215
65 to 69 years	755	380	380	2,485	1,120	1,360
70 to 74 years	395	190	205	1,850	875	975
75 to 79 years	270	135	130	1,330	600	735
80 to 84 years	180	80	105	890	375	515
85 years and over	165	45	120	925	290	630
85 to 89 years	90	30	60	565	195	375
90 to 94 years	60	10	50	285	85	200
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	60	15	50
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.6	22.9	20.4	17.5	19.0	16.2
15 to 64 years	70.2	69.3	71.0	63.2	63.6	62.9
65 years and over	8.2	7.9	8.6	19.2	17.4	20.8
85 years and over	0.8	0.4	1.1	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	35.4	34.8	35.9	42.0	40.5	43.3
Median age of the population	35.7	35.4	36.0	42.9	41.5	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
Single-detached house	5,380	...	...	10,900	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	770	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,650	...	...	4,910	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...	1,110	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	580	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,435	...	...	555	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	65	...	...	2,640	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
1 person	1,420	...	...	5,020	...	...
2 persons	2,760	...	...	6,055	...	...
3 persons	1,735	...	...	2,495	...	...
4 persons	1,645	...	...	1,985	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	1,025	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,235	...	...	38,130	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,770	8,125	8,645	32,090	15,145	16,940
Married or living common law	11,485	5,720	5,765	18,325	9,125	9,205
Married	9,230	4,595	4,635	14,925	7,445	7,490
Living common law	2,255	1,125	1,130	3,400	1,685	1,720
Not married and not living common law	5,285	2,405	2,880	13,760	6,020	7,740
Never married	3,745	1,905	1,835	7,630	4,030	3,600
Separated	320	120	200	1,305	540	770
Divorced	675	255	415	2,565	980	1,585
Widowed	545	120	430	2,260	470	1,785
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,470	...	...	11,250	...	...
2 persons	2,840	...	...	6,110	...	...
3 persons	1,675	...	...	2,435	...	...
4 persons	1,615	...	...	1,875	...	...
5 or more persons	335	...	...	820	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,475	...	...	11,245	...	...
Total couple families	5,690	...	...	9,060	...	...
Married couples	4,560	...	...	7,360	...	...
Common-law couples	1,125	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	785	...	...	2,185	...	...
Female parent	605	...	...	1,790	...	...
Male parent	180	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,690	...	...	9,060	...	...
Couples without children	2,350	...	...	4,795	...	...
Couples with children	3,345	...	...	4,260	...	...
1 child	1,435	...	...	1,775	...	...
2 children	1,570	...	...	1,710	...	...
3 or more children	335	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	785	...	...	2,185	...	...
1 child	495	...	...	1,310	...	...
2 children	240	...	...	665	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,305	1,090	1,215	6,685	2,965	3,725
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,035	...	...	16,585	...	...
One-census-family households	6,220	...	...	10,880	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,230	...	...	4,665	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,990	...	...	6,210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	125	...	...	185	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,690	...	...	5,520	...	...
One-person households	1,420	...	...	5,025	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	270	...	...	500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	21,390	10,525	10,865	38,260	18,395	19,860
English only	19,880	9,970	9,915	36,295	17,565	18,735
French only	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	1,500	560	940	1,860	795	1,065
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	100	40	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	21,390	10,525	10,865	38,260	18,395	19,860
English	21,320	10,485	10,835	37,780	18,185	19,600
French	55	30	25	360	175	190
English and French	5	5	5	20	5	15
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	95	35	60
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	60	35	25	370	175	195
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.3	0.3	0.2	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	21,390	10,525	10,865	38,260	18,395	19,860
Single responses	21,345	10,510	10,835	37,985	18,285	19,705
Official languages	21,170	10,420	10,750	35,530	17,150	18,380
English	21,110	10,390	10,725	35,120	16,960	18,165
French	60	35	25	410	195	220
Non-official languages	170	90	85	2,455	1,130	1,325
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	85	85	2,450	1,125	1,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	110	55	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	115	50	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	70	30	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	215	105	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	140	65	80
Vietnamese	0	0	0	80	40	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	20	60	20	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	50	15	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	40	1,830	845	985
Albanian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	485	230	255
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	475	220	255
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	150	70	70
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	200	95	105
Russian	15	10	10	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	790	345	445
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	5	5	0	325	140	185
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	5
German	5	5	5	425	180	245
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	30	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	120	55	60
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	100	50	50
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hindi	5	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	5	20	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	345	170	175
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italian	0	5	0	125	65	65
Portuguese	5	5	5	60	40	25
Romanian	0	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	20	15	10	145	65	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	40	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	60	25	35
Chinese languages	35	15	15	55	20	35
Cantonese	10	0	5	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	10	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	5
Thai	5	5	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	275	115	160
English and French	30	10	15	70	30	45
English and non-official language	10	5	10	195	80	110
French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,390	10,525	10,865	38,260	18,395	19,865
Single responses	21,330	10,495	10,835	37,830	18,210	19,625
Official languages	21,265	10,465	10,795	37,200	17,910	19,290
English	21,255	10,460	10,795	37,140	17,890	19,255
French	10	5	5	55	20	35
Non-official languages	70	35	40	635	295	335
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	35	40	635	295	335
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	40	20	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	65	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	20	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	355	155	200
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	10	155	70	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	150	65	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	70	30	40
Russian	5	0	5	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	5	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	50	25	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	95	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	5	0	10	5	5
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	15	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	30	15	10
Chinese languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	55	30	25	430	190	240
English and French	15	10	5	35	10	25
English and non-official language	40	25	25	395	180	210
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	21,385	10,525	10,865	38,260	18,400	19,865
None	21,040	10,385	10,655	36,750	17,735	19,010
English	45	15	25	305	145	155
French	215	85	135	345	140	200
Non-official language	85	40	45	850	365	485
Aboriginal	5	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	80	40	45	845	365	485
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	5	5	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,620	8,100	8,525	31,330	14,825	16,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,040	7,825	8,220	30,075	14,195	15,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,046	63,625	39,874	32,402	39,262	27,424
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,045	7,825	8,220	30,080	14,195	15,890
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,060	52,408	34,907	29,637	35,177	25,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,925	7,460	7,470	26,210	12,710	13,495
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,069	64,091	38,779	29,903	37,429	23,540
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,735	3,545	6,190	22,795	9,815	12,985
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,115	5,840	3,512	8,102	7,453	8,441
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,695	6,935	6,760	21,290	10,835	10,450
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,601	65,280	39,986	31,938	37,478	27,305
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,620	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,820	16,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,055	7,775	8,280	29,965	14,125	15,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,864	78,597	46,155	38,955	44,770	33,771
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,060	7,770	8,285	29,980	14,125	15,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,226	60,778	38,386	33,736	38,248	29,717
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,925	7,390	7,535	26,075	12,625	13,450
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,962	79,044	45,210	36,938	43,490	30,790
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,775	3,430	6,340	22,695	9,615	13,075
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,007	7,855	6,549	8,998	8,672	9,238
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,695	6,835	6,855	21,285	10,785	10,505
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,692	78,805	44,628	37,254	41,946	32,438
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,615	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,820	16,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,060	4,265	3,800	10,805	5,955	4,850
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,646	75,199	55,728	48,153	53,526	42,520
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,687	89,285	60,412	53,539	58,118	47,914
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.0	95.4	89.2	82.5	86.9	77.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	85.0	88.0	80.2	67.6	71.5	62.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.0	4.6	10.8	17.6	13.0	23.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,620	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,825	16,505
Without total income	575	275	305	1,255	630	625
With total income	16,045	7,825	8,215	30,075	14,195	15,880
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.4	96.0	95.8	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,500	500	1,000	3,725	1,515	2,205
$10,000 to $19,999	1,765	635	1,135	5,450	1,980	3,470
$20,000 to $29,999	1,550	540	1,015	4,875	1,950	2,925
$30,000 to $39,999	1,615	640	980	4,065	1,805	2,260
$40,000 to $49,999	1,755	655	1,100	3,645	1,840	1,800
$50,000 to $59,999	1,430	725	700	2,550	1,400	1,150
$60,000 to $69,999	1,245	665	580	1,820	1,090	725
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	575	480	1,195	790	410
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	530	505	810	525	290
$90,000 to $99,999	800	490	310	760	440	320
$100,000 and over	2,290	1,865	420	1,195	880	315
$100,000 to $149,999	1,490	1,180	310	965	715	245
$150,000 and over	800	690	110	230	165	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,615	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,830	16,500
Without after-tax income	570	275	300	1,250	630	615
With after-tax income	16,045	7,825	8,220	30,085	14,195	15,890
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.7	96.4	96.0	95.7	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,550	510	1,040	3,845	1,535	2,310
$10,000 to $19,999	1,890	680	1,210	5,740	2,110	3,625
$20,000 to $29,999	1,940	695	1,250	5,650	2,295	3,350
$30,000 to $39,999	2,175	885	1,295	4,960	2,350	2,610
$40,000 to $49,999	2,050	925	1,125	3,735	2,005	1,740
$50,000 to $59,999	1,730	960	765	2,450	1,470	985
$60,000 to $69,999	1,525	810	715	1,420	925	495
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	670	445	1,055	620	435
$80,000 and over	2,085	1,695	385	1,220	885	340
$80,000 to $89,999	585	430	155	560	400	160
$90,000 to $99,999	415	345	65	270	195	75
$100,000 and over	1,085	925	155	395	290	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,615	8,100	8,520	31,330	14,825	16,505
Without employment income	2,925	1,160	1,760	10,040	3,985	6,055
With employment income	13,695	6,935	6,760	21,290	10,840	10,450
Percentage with employment income	82.4	85.6	79.3	68.0	73.1	63.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,140	455	690	3,430	1,780	1,650
$5,000 to $9,999	740	290	455	1,675	675	1,005
$10,000 to $19,999	1,235	465	770	2,635	1,080	1,560
$20,000 to $29,999	1,120	375	750	2,430	1,070	1,360
$30,000 to $39,999	1,155	430	725	2,550	1,120	1,425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,370	530	845	2,355	1,155	1,200
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	605	570	1,745	1,000	745
$60,000 to $69,999	1,100	610	490	1,355	845	505
$70,000 to $79,999	945	525	420	920	620	300
$80,000 and over	3,710	2,655	1,060	2,195	1,495	705
$80,000 to $89,999	945	495	455	650	415	235
$90,000 to $99,999	725	445	280	665	385	280
$100,000 and over	2,040	1,715	325	885	695	190
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,035	...	...	16,585	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,542	...	...	59,755	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,037	...	...	53,638	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,420	...	...	5,025	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,592	...	...	30,453	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,654	...	...	27,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,620	...	...	11,565	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	122,533	...	...	75,423	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,147	...	...	67,146	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,040	...	...	16,590	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	123,560	...	...	70,379	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,348	...	...	60,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,425	...	...	5,020	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	64,188	...	...	36,384	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,242	...	...	31,865	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,615	...	...	11,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	136,365	...	...	85,136	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,724	...	...	73,612	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	260	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	775	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	145	...	...	935	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	745	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	845	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	845	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	200	...	...	860	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	790	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	360	...	...	1,515	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	385	...	...	1,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...	1,195	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	500	...	...	1,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	905	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,350	...	...	3,730	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	...	...	1,630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	970	...	...	930	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,360	...	...	815	...	...
$200,000 and over	965	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,040	...	...	16,590	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	160	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	265	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	140	...	...	825	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	1,035	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	840	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	965	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	995	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	995	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	485	...	...	1,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	620	...	...	1,535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	630	...	...	1,315	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	1,075	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	585	...	...	860	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,380	...	...	2,420	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,290	...	...	1,305	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	995	...	...	610	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,100	...	...	510	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,420	...	...	11,180	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	122,917	...	...	75,654	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,519	...	...	67,332	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,180	...	...	4,575	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,128	...	...	70,409	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,845	...	...	62,919	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	4,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	146,534	...	...	99,691	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,947	...	...	86,223	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	2,080	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,496	...	...	45,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	42,842	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,425	...	...	11,155	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	136,967	...	...	85,378	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,074	...	...	73,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,190	...	...	4,545	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	126,746	...	...	79,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,921	...	...	68,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,375	...	...	4,325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,297	...	...	107,368	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,559	...	...	91,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	740	...	...	2,065	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,513	...	...	51,701	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,242	...	...	46,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,950	955	995	6,075	2,735	3,340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,701	50,784	37,333	28,871	31,259	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,915	42,517	32,811	26,888	28,427	25,682
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,955	905	1,050	6,090	2,770	3,325
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	58,086	69,867	47,896	35,293	37,188	33,714
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,057	53,816	39,346	30,956	32,170	29,944
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,230	10,495	10,740	38,130	18,360	19,775
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,950	2,760	3,190	22,125	10,290	11,840
In the bottom decile	825	355	470	4,030	1,865	2,170
In the second decile	920	385	535	4,270	1,815	2,455
In the third decile	1,175	535	645	4,735	2,205	2,535
In the fourth decile	1,270	610	660	4,625	2,220	2,400
In the fifth decile	1,755	880	880	4,465	2,180	2,280
In the top half of the distribution	15,285	7,740	7,545	16,005	8,075	7,930
In the sixth decile	2,130	1,065	1,065	4,275	2,140	2,130
In the seventh decile	2,435	1,225	1,210	3,930	1,960	1,970
In the eighth decile	3,385	1,670	1,715	3,505	1,800	1,705
In the ninth decile	3,905	2,005	1,900	2,740	1,380	1,355
In the top decile	3,430	1,775	1,650	1,555	785	770
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,230	10,495	10,740	38,130	18,360	19,770
0 to 17 years	5,310	2,755	2,560	8,175	4,245	3,935
0 to 5 years	1,840	955	885	2,545	1,355	1,195
18 to 64 years	14,305	6,940	7,365	22,965	11,015	11,950
65 years and over	1,620	800	815	6,995	3,105	3,890
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,215	515	700	6,075	2,680	3,390
0 to 17 years	355	180	175	1,670	865	810
0 to 5 years	145	80	60	565	295	270
18 to 64 years	695	255	435	3,560	1,555	2,000
65 years and over	165	75	85	850	265	580
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	4.9	6.5	15.9	14.6	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	6.5	6.8	20.4	20.4	20.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.9	8.4	6.8	22.2	21.8	22.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	3.7	5.9	15.5	14.1	16.7
65 years and over (%)	10.2	9.4	10.4	12.2	8.5	14.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	670	285	385	3,100	1,475	1,625
0 to 17 years	185	90	95	775	420	355
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	260	145	120
18 to 64 years	460	185	280	2,225	1,010	1,215
65 years and over	25	10	15	110	50	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	2.7	3.6	8.1	8.0	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.3	3.7	9.5	9.9	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.3	4.7	4.0	10.2	10.7	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	2.7	3.8	9.7	9.2	10.2
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,230	10,495	10,735	38,130	18,360	19,770
Official languages	21,220	10,485	10,740	38,060	18,325	19,735
English	21,215	10,485	10,735	38,045	18,325	19,720
French	1,525	575	950	1,870	825	1,040
Non-official languages	290	155	135	3,100	1,410	1,690
Aboriginal languages	15	10	15	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	150	120	3,095	1,410	1,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	40	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	110	35	70
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	15	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	320	165	155
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	135	65	70
Vietnamese	0	0	0	185	100	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	10	0	70	20	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	100	75	2,370	1,065	1,300
Albanian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Armenian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	485	255	225
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	25	480	255	225
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	175	90	80
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	175	90	80
Russian	50	20	25	25	0	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	0	70	25	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	30	15	865	360	510
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dutch	10	0	0	305	115	190
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	35	30	0	520	230	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Greek	10	10	0	35	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	275	110	160
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	240	100	135
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hindi	0	0	0	105	45	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	55	25	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	25	720	335	390
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italian	10	10	0	210	105	100
Portuguese	15	0	10	110	65	45
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Spanish	50	25	25	415	155	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	10	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	25	35	50	10	35
American Sign Language	30	10	20	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	25	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	15	10	70	45	30
Chinese languages	20	10	10	50	30	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	60	35	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,235	10,500	10,740	38,130	18,360	19,770
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,095	10,420	10,675	37,450	18,045	19,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,300	2,835	2,460	8,145	4,235	3,905
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,795	7,580	8,215	29,305	13,815	15,495
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	135	80	60	680	310	365
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,235	10,500	10,735	38,135	18,360	19,770
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	20,950	10,335	10,615	34,495	16,635	17,860
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	260	150	105	3,550	1,690	1,860
Before 1981	80	45	30	2,025	945	1,080
1981 to 1990	20	15	0	600	310	295
1991 to 2000	35	15	20	355	165	185
2001 to 2010	90	55	35	385	195	195
2001 to 2005	25	15	15	240	105	140
2006 to 2010	65	40	20	145	90	55
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	20	15	180	75	110
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	10	15	90	40	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	260	150	105	3,545	1,690	1,855
Under 5 years	30	10	25	530	275	260
5 to 14 years	60	30	30	905	460	445
15 to 24 years	35	15	20	945	365	585
25 to 44 years	100	75	25	980	495	475
45 years and over	35	15	15	185	95	95
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	260	145	105	3,545	1,685	1,860
Americas	70	35	30	695	310	390
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	55	20	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	15	25
Mexico	0	0	0	195	90	105
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	35	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	90	50	45
Europe	125	80	45	2,120	1,035	1,085
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	35	25
Croatia	0	0	0	85	40	45
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Germany	10	10	0	165	70	90
Greece	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	25	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	30	10	20
Italy	10	0	0	135	70	60
Netherlands	0	10	0	340	165	175
Poland	0	0	0	130	50	75
Portugal	10	0	0	50	35	15
Romania	0	0	0	40	15	20
Russian Federation	10	10	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	35	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	65	40	30	780	375	405
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	200	105	90
Africa	20	10	10	75	40	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	25	0
Asia	40	25	15	635	300	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	30	10	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	10	0	120	55	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	20	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	25	15
Philippines	0	0	0	75	25	50
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	120	70	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	160	80	80
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	20	15	180	70	105
Americas	0	0	0	60	20	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	30	20	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	75	25	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,230	10,500	10,735	38,130	18,360	19,770
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	325	180	140	3,770	1,810	1,955
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	540	320	225	6,510	3,040	3,475
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,365	9,995	10,370	27,845	13,510	14,340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	180	105	80	1,565	760	805
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	95	45	45	445	205	240
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	25	10	155	95	65
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	55	25	30	290	115	170
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	80	50	30	650	300	345
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	435	240	200
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,235	10,500	10,740	38,135	18,360	19,770
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	870	440	430	1,050	500	550
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	855	430	425	1,035	495	535
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	605	310	295	795	400	395
Métis	185	85	95	225	85	140
Inuk (Inuit)	65	30	35	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,360	10,055	10,305	37,085	17,860	19,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,230	10,495	10,740	38,130	18,360	19,770
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	385	175	210	410	175	230
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,845	10,320	10,525	37,725	18,185	19,540
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,230	10,495	10,740	38,135	18,360	19,775
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	210	100	110	150	80	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	210	105	105	150	80	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	100	55	45	130	75	55
Métis single ancestry	70	30	40	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	40	20	20	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,095	525	570	1,590	740	850
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,055	510	545	1,560	720	835
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	855	420	435	1,275	600	675
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	60	70	275	120	155
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	40	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	15	25	35	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,925	9,865	10,060	36,395	17,540	18,850
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,235	10,500	10,735	38,135	18,360	19,770
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	180	115	65	1,645	785	860
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	40	20	15	270	120	155
Chinese	55	30	20	80	30	50
Black	55	30	25	295	175	115
Filipino	15	15	0	130	45	80
Latin American	10	10	0	190	95	90
Arab	0	0	0	60	20	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	395	200	195
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	0	25	10	15
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	30	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	105	40	65
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,055	10,385	10,665	36,485	17,580	18,910
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,235	10,495	10,740	38,130	18,360	19,775
North American Aboriginal origins	1,305	630	675	1,740	820	915
First Nations (North American Indian)	985	485	505	1,440	695	745
Inuit	135	70	65	20	15	10
Métis	225	90	130	315	130	180
Other North American origins	12,575	6,180	6,395	13,920	6,745	7,175
Acadian	45	20	25	30	20	10
American	70	50	20	485	250	240
Canadian	12,355	6,055	6,295	13,610	6,585	7,025
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	210	115	95	30	10	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	12,120	6,045	6,080	29,970	14,340	15,635
British Isles origins	11,685	5,825	5,860	22,270	10,545	11,725
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	8,725	4,310	4,415	14,780	6,930	7,850
Irish	5,150	2,625	2,530	8,025	3,680	4,350
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,410	665	750	9,410	4,450	4,965
Welsh	205	100	100	905	425	480
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	240	80	155	1,335	650	685
French origins	1,005	435	565	4,510	2,115	2,400
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,000	435	565	4,510	2,115	2,400
Western European origins (except French origins)	540	260	285	9,390	4,505	4,885
Austrian	20	10	10	235	85	155
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0	460	235	220
Dutch	45	30	15	3,780	1,815	1,970
Flemish	0	0	0	35	10	30
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	455	205	250	5,625	2,710	2,915
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	20	155	75	80
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	140	55	80	725	300	425
Danish	15	0	15	210	105	100
Finnish	10	0	15	65	30	40
Icelandic	0	0	10	35	10	25
Norwegian	55	30	25	190	85	110
Swedish	15	0	15	225	90	135
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	15	30	10	20
Eastern European origins	215	110	100	3,305	1,560	1,750
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	110	45	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	10	100	35	60
Estonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	660	320	330
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	25	10	15	125	75	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	70	45	1,155	560	600
Romanian	0	10	0	205	80	130
Russian	40	20	20	380	165	210
Slovak	0	0	0	75	40	40
Ukrainian	70	30	35	765	385	385
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	180	105	75	2,875	1,385	1,490
Albanian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	375	205	175
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	185	85	100
Italian	55	25	30	1,205	570	635
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	290	150	140
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	35	20	435	225	210
Serbian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Spanish	50	35	20	275	100	170
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	115	70	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	50	25	25	140	60	80
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	15	70	30	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	15	15	65	35	35
Caribbean origins	55	15	35	255	140	120
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	0	15	135	75	55
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	10	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	15	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	540	210	335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	110	35	80
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	35	30	15
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	285	95	190
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	10	45
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	10
African origins	35	25	15	290	135	150
Central and West African origins	20	10	10	10	15	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	10	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	50	20	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	80	40	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	65	35	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	15	0	145	65	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	10	0	130	55	70
Asian origins	185	105	75	1,245	555	685
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	20	25	265	115	145
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	20	115	60	60
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	20	15	285	130	150
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	20	20	250	115	135
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	95	60	35	705	315	390
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	160	70	90
Chinese	55	35	20	115	45	70
Filipino	20	20	0	145	50	95
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	20	10	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	220	110	105
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	50	20	35
Australian	0	0	0	45	20	25
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
Owner	6,485	...	...	11,190	...	...
Renter	1,550	...	...	5,400	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,035	...	...	16,585	...	...
Condominium	110	...	...	425	...	...
Not condominium	7,930	...	...	16,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	285	...	...	1,895	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,385	...	...	4,240	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,840	...	...	7,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,520	...	...	3,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,005	...	...	3,130	...	...
5 rooms	915	...	...	2,425	...	...
6 rooms	1,335	...	...	2,650	...	...
7 rooms	1,275	...	...	2,745	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,510	...	...	5,630	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,030	...	...	16,520	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,035	...	...	16,585	...	...
Suitable	7,950	...	...	16,185	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	6,015	...	...
1961 to 1980	810	...	...	4,310	...	...
1981 to 1990	990	...	...	1,280	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,085	...	...	1,620	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,255	...	...	1,155	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,855	...	...	1,370	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,860	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,035	...	...	16,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,860	...	...	15,360	...	...
Major repairs needed	180	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,040	...	...	16,590	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,520	...	...	10,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,420	...	...	6,300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	90	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,040	...	...	16,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	285	...	...	430	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,795	...	...	2,150	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,080	...	...	2,835	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,760	...	...	3,185	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,175	...	...	3,310	...	...
65 to 74 years	685	...	...	2,735	...	...
75 to 84 years	240	...	...	1,445	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,035	...	...	16,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,705	...	...	12,685	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,325	...	...	3,890	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,200	...	...	3,570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,480	...	...	11,180	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	77.6	...	...	66.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.8	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,674	...	...	1,054	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,638	...	...	1,084	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,581	...	...	200,203	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	378,637	...	...	220,809	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,555	...	...	5,395	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	3.9	...	...	16.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.0	...	...	44.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	968	...	...	764	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,002	...	...	797	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,620	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,820	16,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,020	1,135	885	6,665	3,430	3,240
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,535	1,780	1,760	9,840	4,910	4,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,060	5,180	5,880	14,820	6,475	8,345
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,595	1,200	400	2,380	1,655	730
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	650	370	285	1,250	730	515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	945	830	115	1,130	920	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,260	2,325	2,940	8,860	3,450	5,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	455	185	275	355	145	210
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,750	1,475	2,270	3,230	1,230	2,000
Bachelor's degree	2,685	1,050	1,635	2,450	925	1,525
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	80	70	300	115	190
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	40	25	15
Master's degree	820	300	520	410	155	255
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	25	30	15	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,735	6,180	6,550	20,170	9,490	10,680
No certificate, diploma or degree	820	485	335	2,525	1,360	1,160
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,185	1,165	1,025	6,310	3,345	2,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,725	4,530	5,195	11,340	4,780	6,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	950	305	1,555	1,075	480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	495	280	215	815	485	335
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	760	675	90	735	590	145
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,665	2,065	2,605	7,000	2,700	4,300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	165	225	265	115	145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,410	1,345	2,065	2,520	895	1,630
Bachelor's degree	2,430	975	1,455	1,925	680	1,245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	75	65	235	75	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	25	25	10	15
Master's degree	750	255	500	320	115	210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	25	20	20	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,620	8,095	8,520	31,330	14,820	16,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,555	2,910	2,645	16,505	8,340	8,165
Education	785	185	600	855	265	590
13. Education	785	185	600	855	260	590
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	70	70	495	200	300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	115	95	25
50. Visual and performing arts	120	60	60	385	110	275
Humanities	295	95	200	535	215	325
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	10	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	95	30	70	100	30	75
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	15	50	115	30	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	60	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	15	85	60	30
54. History	30	10	25	135	60	75
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	30	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	660	170	490	1,490	360	1,125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	0	45	70	20	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	15	150	470	35	435
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	50	280	50	230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	105	10	90	210	45	160
45. Social sciences	265	125	145	430	205	225
Business, management and public administration	2,595	675	1,915	2,620	775	1,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	25	90	275	50	225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,465	650	1,810	2,340	715	1,625
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	140	105	250	120	130
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	45	45	120	55	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	45	45	45	15	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	60	50	10	50	45	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	35	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	510	280	230	390	260	135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	430	250	175	320	220	95
25. Library science	30	0	30	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	20	50	35	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,100	2,775	320	3,175	2,955	225
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	80	45	35
14. Engineering	485	385	95	155	130	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	980	815	165	865	775	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	735	710	30	540	535	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	610	600	10	865	835	25
48. Precision production	280	260	20	665	625	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	90	60	255	170	80
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	20	20	175	110	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	70	40	85	60	20
Health and related fields	1,840	260	1,580	3,410	525	2,885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	55	35	205	80	120
51. Health professions and related programs	1,735	200	1,530	3,190	430	2,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	15	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	745	440	305	1,340	635	705
12. Personal and culinary services	310	85	225	675	150	530
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	150	95	55	440	285	155
49. Transportation and materials moving	280	250	25	210	200	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,730	6,180	6,550	20,165	9,490	10,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,010	1,650	1,355	8,830	4,705	4,130
Education	665	145	525	570	175	395
13. Education	670	145	525	570	175	395
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	65	60	375	125	250
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	70	50	25
50. Visual and performing arts	105	55	50	305	75	225
Humanities	250	80	170	365	130	230
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	90	25	65	70	20	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	35	70	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	10	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15	55	35	20
54. History	25	0	20	105	50	55
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	610	160	450	1,235	245	995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	15	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	40	55	15	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	15	130	410	25	385
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	50	255	35	220
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	100	15	90	145	25	120
45. Social sciences	250	120	130	340	150	195
Business, management and public administration	2,295	595	1,700	2,030	555	1,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	20	80	235	40	195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,185	575	1,610	1,790	505	1,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	120	80	205	100	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	40	35	100	50	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	35	35	10	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	40	35	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	25	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	495	280	215	315	220	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	250	170	275	190	75
25. Library science	25	0	25	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	15	30	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,655	2,370	285	2,445	2,275	170
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	70	45	25
14. Engineering	455	360	100	125	110	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	875	730	150	715	640	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	610	585	20	395	395	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	480	475	10	615	595	20
48. Precision production	235	220	15	525	500	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	70	55	165	110	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	15	100	60	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	60	40	65	50	15
Health and related fields	1,650	255	1,400	2,580	360	2,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	55	40	165	60	100
51. Health professions and related programs	1,540	190	1,350	2,415	295	2,120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	650	390	255	1,060	490	570
12. Personal and culinary services	260	75	190	515	105	410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	0	10
43. Security and protective services	130	80	50	375	235	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	230	20	170	150	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,615	8,100	8,520	31,330	14,815	16,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,555	2,915	2,645	16,505	8,345	8,170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,065	5,185	5,880	14,825	6,475	8,345
Location of study inside Canada	10,860	5,065	5,800	13,985	6,060	7,920
Same as province or territory of residence	9,630	4,515	5,110	13,415	5,825	7,595
Different than province or territory of residence	1,240	545	690	565	245	325
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	200	125	80	840	415	425
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	35	40	230	115	115
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	35
India	10	10	0	35	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	45	15	185	120	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	10	10	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	50	35	20	345	155	190
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,730	6,185	6,550	20,165	9,485	10,680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,010	1,650	1,355	8,830	4,700	4,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,720	4,530	5,195	11,335	4,780	6,555
Location of study inside Canada	9,565	4,435	5,130	10,795	4,555	6,240
Same as province or territory of residence	8,465	3,950	4,515	10,440	4,400	6,040
Different than province or territory of residence	1,100	485	610	360	155	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	160	95	65	540	225	315
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	175	80	100
Philippines	0	0	0	35	10	30
India	10	0	10	15	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	35	15	100	60	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	45	25	20	205	70	130
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,620	8,095	8,520	31,330	14,820	16,510
In the labour force	12,515	6,305	6,210	19,300	9,730	9,575
Employed	11,655	5,815	5,845	18,055	9,090	8,965
Unemployed	860	490	370	1,240	635	605
Not in the labour force	4,105	1,790	2,310	12,030	5,090	6,940
Participation rate	75.3	77.9	72.9	61.6	65.7	58.0
Employment rate	70.1	71.8	68.6	57.6	61.3	54.3
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.8	6.0	6.4	6.5	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,620	8,095	8,525	31,330	14,815	16,510
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,480	1,475	2,010	11,745	5,030	6,720
Worked	13,135	6,620	6,515	19,585	9,790	9,795
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	8,140	4,320	3,820	11,015	6,085	4,930
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,995	2,300	2,695	8,570	3,700	4,865
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	44.4	43.9	43.7	44.1	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,515	6,305	6,210	19,300	9,725	9,570
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	30	45	435	210	225
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	12,440	6,280	6,165	18,865	9,515	9,350
Employee	11,720	5,855	5,865	17,500	8,735	8,760
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	720	420	300	1,365	780	585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,515	6,305	6,210	19,300	9,730	9,575
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	80	30	50	440	215	225
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	12,440	6,280	6,165	18,860	9,515	9,350
0 Management occupations	1,315	770	545	1,450	880	565
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,060	445	1,620	2,530	655	1,875
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,490	1,175	320	710	605	105
3 Health occupations	1,255	170	1,085	1,460	210	1,250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,445	435	1,010	2,040	570	1,470
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	95	130	345	120	230
6 Sales and service occupations	2,265	980	1,285	4,750	1,715	3,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,900	1,810	95	3,215	3,005	210
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	195	15	270	220	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	260	200	65	2,095	1,540	555
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,515	6,305	6,210	19,300	9,730	9,575
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	80	25	50	435	215	225
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	12,435	6,275	6,165	18,860	9,515	9,345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	55	30	210	145	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	615	470	145	15	20	0
22 Utilities	155	90	65	125	90	35
23 Construction	1,410	1,190	215	1,150	1,015	140
31-33 Manufacturing	530	445	85	3,390	2,590	805
41 Wholesale trade	415	290	120	515	365	150
44-45 Retail trade	1,435	665	770	2,285	990	1,290
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	540	395	145	1,025	815	210
51 Information and cultural industries	260	145	115	235	130	100
52 Finance and insurance	450	145	310	590	220	370
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	100	75	325	155	170
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	910	525	385	755	350	405
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	15	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	140	150	1,065	610	455
61 Educational services	965	315	655	1,190	340	855
62 Health care and social assistance	1,830	265	1,570	2,705	375	2,325
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	60	85	300	135	170
72 Accommodation and food services	525	180	345	1,415	425	985
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	150	290	835	395	440
91 Public administration	1,245	640	605	720	350	370
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,655	5,810	5,845	18,060	9,090	8,965
Worked at home	465	190	270	780	400	380
Worked outside Canada	35	40	0	45	30	20
No fixed workplace address	1,185	925	260	1,910	1,300	605
Worked at usual place	9,965	4,660	5,310	15,325	7,360	7,965
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,970	4,660	5,310	15,325	7,360	7,965
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,135	520	610	7,990	3,285	4,705
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,660	3,995	4,660	1,440	755	685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	105	80	25	5,885	3,315	2,570
Commute to a different province or territory	65	60	10	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,155	5,585	5,570	17,235	8,660	8,570
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,015	4,950	5,060	14,330	7,325	7,000
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	605	250	360	1,390	640	750
Public transit	60	40	15	170	25	140
Walked	140	70	70	965	410	550
Bicycle	0	0	0	250	190	60
Other method	340	275	60	135	70	70
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,155	5,585	5,570	17,230	8,660	8,570
Less than 15 minutes	2,530	1,335	1,200	7,840	3,360	4,485
15 to 29 minutes	6,610	3,070	3,545	4,405	2,330	2,075
30 to 44 minutes	1,220	540	680	3,415	1,905	1,505
45 to 59 minutes	135	60	75	975	600	375
60 minutes and over	655	580	70	600	470	125
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,155	5,585	5,570	17,235	8,665	8,570
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	545	425	125	1,165	785	370
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,285	835	450	3,860	2,505	1,360
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,260	2,200	2,055	4,115	1,815	2,300
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,975	1,100	1,875	2,905	950	1,955
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	635	230	405	1,535	535	1,000
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,460	795	670	3,660	2,075	1,585
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	13,405	6,740	6,665	20,305	10,130	10,175
Single responses	13,375	6,730	6,650	20,195	10,100	10,090
Official languages	13,375	6,725	6,650	20,175	10,095	10,075
English	13,310	6,710	6,595	20,115	10,080	10,035
French	65	10	55	55	15	45
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	20	110	25	80
English and French	20	10	10	50	10	40
English and non-official language	10	10	10	55	25	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	13,405	6,740	6,660	20,305	10,130	10,175
None	13,210	6,695	6,520	20,010	10,010	9,995
English	45	10	30	55	10	45
French	130	30	100	135	60	70
Non-official language	20	10	10	110	45	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10	105	45	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,960	10,355	10,600	37,690	18,115	19,580
Non-movers	18,610	9,205	9,405	32,920	15,825	17,090
Movers	2,355	1,150	1,200	4,770	2,285	2,485
Non-migrants	1,275	645	630	2,850	1,335	1,510
Migrants	1,080	510	570	1,925	950	975
Internal migrants	1,080	510	570	1,840	895	935
Intraprovincial migrants	830	395	435	1,720	860	860
Interprovincial migrants	250	110	135	120	35	80
External migrants	0	0	0	85	50	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,700	9,720	9,980	36,070	17,235	18,835
Non-movers	11,585	5,835	5,745	21,525	10,465	11,060
Movers	8,115	3,885	4,230	14,545	6,765	7,775
Non-migrants	3,755	1,775	1,975	8,585	3,900	4,685
Migrants	4,360	2,110	2,255	5,960	2,865	3,090
Internal migrants	4,210	2,035	2,180	5,770	2,780	2,985
Intraprovincial migrants	3,365	1,615	1,750	5,465	2,640	2,825
Interprovincial migrants	845	420	430	300	140	160
External migrants	150	75	75	195	85	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Paradise, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and St. Thomas, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Paradise, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador and St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario