Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alliston [Population centre], Ontario and Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Alliston Ontario [Population centre]			Brome-Missisquoi, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Alliston [Population centre], Ontario Map : Alliston [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	18,809	...	...	58,314	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	15,343 ^r	...	...	55,621	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	22.6	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	7,498	...	...	31,470	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,338	...	...	25,865	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,077.6	...	...	35.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.46	...	...	1,652.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	18,805	9,105	9,705	58,315	29,170	29,145
0 to 14 years	3,335	1,685	1,650	9,065	4,610	4,450
0 to 4 years	1,070	540	535	2,780	1,395	1,390
5 to 9 years	1,180	615	565	3,255	1,650	1,605
10 to 14 years	1,080	525	555	3,025	1,570	1,455
15 to 64 years	11,355	5,615	5,745	35,965	18,175	17,785
15 to 19 years	1,025	515	505	2,860	1,490	1,375
20 to 24 years	940	490	455	2,710	1,405	1,305
25 to 29 years	1,040	535	510	2,625	1,370	1,255
30 to 34 years	1,240	610	625	2,975	1,525	1,455
35 to 39 years	1,180	580	600	3,405	1,730	1,680
40 to 44 years	1,260	645	620	3,205	1,590	1,610
45 to 49 years	1,195	615	580	3,430	1,775	1,660
50 to 54 years	1,310	630	685	4,570	2,270	2,300
55 to 59 years	1,175	560	615	5,015	2,480	2,535
60 to 64 years	995	440	555	5,165	2,545	2,620
65 years and over	4,115	1,805	2,310	13,290	6,380	6,905
65 to 69 years	1,145	505	640	4,790	2,405	2,385
70 to 74 years	1,040	455	585	3,400	1,725	1,680
75 to 79 years	810	375	435	2,230	1,100	1,125
80 to 84 years	595	270	325	1,400	665	735
85 years and over	525	200	325	1,470	485	980
85 to 89 years	340	145	195	910	340	570
90 to 94 years	145	45	100	425	125	300
95 to 99 years	30	10	25	125	25	100
100 years and over	5	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	18.5	17.0	15.5	15.8	15.3
15 to 64 years	60.4	61.7	59.2	61.7	62.3	61.0
65 years and over	21.9	19.8	23.8	22.8	21.9	23.7
85 years and over	2.8	2.2	3.3	2.5	1.7	3.4
Average age of the population	42.4	41.1	43.6	44.9	44.2	45.6
Median age of the population	42.5	41.1	44.1	48.4	47.4	49.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,335	...	...	25,865	...	...
Single-detached house	4,610	...	...	16,805	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,645	...	...	8,705	...	...
Semi-detached house	665	...	...	1,020	...	...
Row house	765	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	310	...	...	1,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	885	...	...	5,830	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	290	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
1 person	1,690	...	...	8,440	...	...
2 persons	2,805	...	...	10,290	...	...
3 persons	1,090	...	...	3,050	...	...
4 persons	1,125	...	...	2,625	...	...
5 or more persons	625	...	...	1,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,475	...	...	56,610	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,475	7,420	8,050	49,250	24,555	24,695
Married or living common law	9,450	4,725	4,725	29,690	14,910	14,780
Married	7,930	3,965	3,965	17,490	8,800	8,690
Living common law	1,520	765	755	12,200	6,105	6,090
Not married and not living common law	6,025	2,695	3,330	19,565	9,650	9,915
Never married	3,440	1,910	1,530	12,000	6,795	5,210
Separated	550	230	320	660	340	325
Divorced	895	340	555	3,945	1,810	2,130
Widowed	1,140	210	930	2,960	705	2,250
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,590	...	...	16,970	...	...
2 persons	2,985	...	...	10,280	...	...
3 persons	1,070	...	...	2,895	...	...
4 persons	1,105	...	...	2,525	...	...
5 or more persons	425	...	...	1,270	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,585	...	...	16,970	...	...
Total couple families	4,670	...	...	14,565	...	...
Married couples	3,910	...	...	8,465	...	...
Common-law couples	760	...	...	6,095	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	920	...	...	2,410	...	...
Female parent	720	...	...	1,745	...	...
Male parent	200	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,670	...	...	14,560	...	...
Couples without children	2,440	...	...	8,850	...	...
Couples with children	2,230	...	...	5,710	...	...
1 child	795	...	...	2,165	...	...
2 children	1,030	...	...	2,350	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	920	...	...	2,410	...	...
1 child	545	...	...	1,425	...	...
2 children	275	...	...	735	...	...
3 or more children	100	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,610	1,200	1,410	10,490	5,275	5,215
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,335	...	...	25,865	...	...
One-census-family households	5,305	...	...	16,675	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,325	...	...	8,715	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,975	...	...	7,960	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	140	...	...	145	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,895	...	...	9,045	...	...
One-person households	1,690	...	...	8,440	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	205	...	...	605	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	18,480	9,030	9,455	56,955	28,395	28,565
English only	17,370	8,515	8,850	3,740	1,885	1,855
French only	0	0	0	22,935	10,890	12,040
English and French	1,015	475	545	30,220	15,580	14,645
Neither English nor French	95	35	55	65	45	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	18,480	9,030	9,455	56,955	28,395	28,560
English	18,135	8,870	9,260	10,645	5,250	5,395
French	240	115	125	45,770	22,860	22,910
English and French	25	15	10	490	240	245
Neither English nor French	90	35	55	55	35	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	250	120	130	10,885	5,375	5,515
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.4	19.1	18.9	19.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	18,485	9,030	9,450	56,955	28,395	28,560
Single responses	18,255	8,915	9,340	55,940	27,890	28,050
Official languages	16,205	7,915	8,285	54,610	27,220	27,390
English	15,945	7,800	8,150	9,790	4,835	4,960
French	260	120	135	44,820	22,390	22,425
Non-official languages	2,050	995	1,055	1,330	665	660
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,050	995	1,055	1,320	660	660
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	65	70	55	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	60	70	50	30	20
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	45	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	30	35	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	5	5
Maltese	15	5	5	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	45	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	85	40	45	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	20	45	20	5	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	30	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	25	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,460	735	725	1,065	540	530
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	245	110	135	170	70	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	240	110	130	165	70	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	15	5	10	10	5	0
Czech	10	5	5	25	15	15
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	110	50	55	65	25	40
Russian	45	20	20	25	10	15
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	25	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	325	145	180	440	210	230
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	10	5	5	5
Dutch	90	35	50	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	195	90	105	315	145	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	35	15	15	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	215	115	100	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	195	105	85	15	10	5
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	10	5	5
Hindi	15	5	10	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	55	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	15	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	635	340	295	385	215	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	295	160	135	105	65	40
Portuguese	150	85	65	25	15	10
Romanian	20	5	15	15	5	10
Spanish	175	90	85	240	130	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	35	60	30	30
Chinese languages	70	35	35	60	30	30
Cantonese	20	5	10	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	5	5	5
Lao	15	5	10	0	5	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	30	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	25	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	225	115	110	1,015	505	515
English and French	35	15	25	870	440	435
English and non-official language	185	100	85	40	20	20
French and non-official language	0	5	5	75	30	45
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	35	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	18,480	9,030	9,450	56,955	28,395	28,560
Single responses	18,015	8,815	9,200	55,750	27,820	27,930
Official languages	17,355	8,500	8,855	55,335	27,590	27,745
English	17,295	8,470	8,820	10,340	5,120	5,220
French	60	25	30	45,000	22,470	22,530
Non-official languages	660	315	345	415	230	180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	660	315	350	415	230	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	25	35	5	5	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	15	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	380	190	190	315	180	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	45	40	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	45	35	20	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	10	5	5
Russian	35	20	20	5	5	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	90	40	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	70	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	135	75	60	20	15	5
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	60	10	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	5	5	5
Hindi	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	35	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	75	165	100	65
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	20	5	10
Portuguese	30	15	15	5	0	0
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	65	35	35	135	90	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	45	25	20
Chinese languages	40	20	20	45	25	20
Cantonese	15	5	5	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	30	20	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	460	215	250	1,205	570	635
English and French	15	5	15	985	465	520
English and non-official language	440	210	235	70	30	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	120	60	65
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	35	20	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	18,480	9,025	9,450	56,955	28,390	28,565
None	17,270	8,430	8,840	48,285	24,140	24,150
English	290	145	145	5,090	2,530	2,565
French	195	95	100	2,880	1,410	1,470
Non-official language	710	350	360	510	230	280
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	710	350	355	505	225	280
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language	10	5	5	105	50	55
French and non-official language	5	5	5	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,150	7,340	7,805	47,555	23,625	23,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,685	7,130	7,560	46,405	23,080	23,320
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,136	49,057	30,130	31,873	37,005	27,403
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,695	7,130	7,560	46,415	23,085	23,330
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,220	42,433	27,398	28,553	32,328	25,036
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,530	6,725	6,805	41,455	21,045	20,415
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,498	46,822	24,990	27,942	33,752	22,615
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,570	4,520	6,045	36,100	17,115	18,985
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,588	6,799	7,936	8,689	8,085	9,268
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,665	5,585	5,075	32,260	17,020	15,235
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,512	47,547	27,328	27,734	31,956	24,001
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	15,170	7,365	7,800	47,550	23,650	23,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,690	7,165	7,525	46,345	23,080	23,265
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,329	56,876	36,278	41,587	49,148	34,086
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,700	7,170	7,530	46,360	23,085	23,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,711	46,707	31,098	34,190	39,489	28,934
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,510	6,770	6,740	41,545	21,185	20,360
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,656	54,789	32,472	38,204	46,336	29,742
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,670	4,605	6,060	36,295	17,185	19,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,510	7,969	8,922	9,372	8,883	9,812
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,665	5,635	5,030	32,260	17,100	15,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,498	52,660	33,235	36,908	42,803	30,262
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	15,165	7,365	7,800	47,555	23,650	23,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,600	3,330	2,270	13,570	7,710	5,860
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,956	62,899	46,648	42,072	46,770	37,129
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,184	68,194	50,880	53,459	59,895	44,990
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.5	90.5	80.6	82.8	86.8	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.9	73.6	62.1	61.3	63.7	58.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.6	9.5	19.4	17.2	13.2	22.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	15,150	7,340	7,805	47,550	23,620	23,930
Without total income	460	210	245	1,150	540	610
With total income	14,690	7,130	7,560	46,400	23,085	23,315
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.1	96.9	97.6	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,755	645	1,110	5,275	2,275	3,000
$10,000 to $19,999	2,175	745	1,430	8,815	3,560	5,260
$20,000 to $29,999	1,960	730	1,225	7,835	3,435	4,400
$30,000 to $39,999	1,750	700	1,050	6,705	3,270	3,435
$40,000 to $49,999	1,685	820	865	5,430	2,880	2,545
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	740	600	3,910	2,315	1,590
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	615	400	2,575	1,570	1,005
$70,000 to $79,999	830	570	260	1,715	1,020	700
$80,000 to $89,999	690	480	210	1,085	665	420
$90,000 to $99,999	470	315	150	735	465	270
$100,000 and over	1,015	760	260	2,325	1,630	690
$100,000 to $149,999	800	585	215	1,375	925	450
$150,000 and over	215	175	40	945	700	240
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,150	7,345	7,805	47,550	23,620	23,930
Without after-tax income	455	210	245	1,140	540	600
With after-tax income	14,690	7,130	7,565	46,415	23,090	23,325
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.1	96.9	97.6	97.8	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,855	660	1,195	5,595	2,345	3,245
$10,000 to $19,999	2,280	785	1,490	9,345	3,795	5,545
$20,000 to $29,999	2,340	900	1,435	9,555	4,335	5,220
$30,000 to $39,999	2,115	915	1,195	8,220	4,250	3,965
$40,000 to $49,999	1,925	1,015	915	5,625	3,265	2,365
$50,000 to $59,999	1,380	860	520	3,225	1,945	1,280
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	750	320	1,835	1,085	745
$70,000 to $79,999	730	505	230	975	635	340
$80,000 and over	995	745	255	2,040	1,430	610
$80,000 to $89,999	435	300	130	550	365	185
$90,000 to $99,999	195	155	35	345	235	110
$100,000 and over	365	280	85	1,150	830	320
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	15,150	7,345	7,805	47,555	23,625	23,930
Without employment income	4,485	1,760	2,730	15,290	6,600	8,690
With employment income	10,665	5,585	5,075	32,260	17,020	15,235
Percentage with employment income	70.4	76.0	65.0	67.8	72.0	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,495	695	805	5,050	2,620	2,430
$5,000 to $9,999	775	285	490	2,830	1,285	1,545
$10,000 to $19,999	1,285	510	770	4,850	2,190	2,660
$20,000 to $29,999	1,090	450	635	4,320	1,980	2,340
$30,000 to $39,999	1,060	445	615	4,230	2,115	2,120
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	560	530	3,130	1,755	1,370
$50,000 to $59,999	890	500	385	2,400	1,525	870
$60,000 to $69,999	705	450	250	1,580	1,020	560
$70,000 to $79,999	580	430	150	1,175	690	480
$80,000 and over	1,695	1,255	440	2,695	1,840	855
$80,000 to $89,999	530	385	145	710	455	255
$90,000 to $99,999	410	265	135	470	315	155
$100,000 and over	760	600	155	1,515	1,070	440
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,335	...	...	25,865	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,008	...	...	57,801	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,800	...	...	50,794	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,690	...	...	8,440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,480	...	...	30,397	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,699	...	...	27,433	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,645	...	...	17,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,404	...	...	74,138	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,947	...	...	64,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,731	...	...	74,512	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,509	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,690	...	...	8,465	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,879	...	...	40,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,002	...	...	33,630	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,650	...	...	17,395	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,244	...	...	90,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,125	...	...	74,733	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,335	...	...	25,865	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	400	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	820	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	1,310	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	1,440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	1,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	1,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	1,480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	1,390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	285	...	...	1,270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	575	...	...	2,380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	2,090	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	580	...	...	1,880	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	1,570	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	530	...	...	1,335	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,685	...	...	5,530	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,050	...	...	2,185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	1,260	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	625	...	...	1,135	...	...
$200,000 and over	325	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,335	...	...	25,865	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	305	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	405	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	835	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1,390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	1,615	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	1,420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	300	...	...	1,865	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	310	...	...	1,735	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	1,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	365	...	...	1,540	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	755	...	...	2,790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	725	...	...	2,470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	700	...	...	1,925	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	655	...	...	1,455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	530	...	...	1,125	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,835	...	...	3,385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	905	...	...	1,635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	490	...	...	775	...	...
$150,000 and over	430	...	...	970	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,510	...	...	16,980	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,273	...	...	74,289	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,333	...	...	64,254	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,270	...	...	8,575	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,525	...	...	68,853	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,304	...	...	59,333	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,245	...	...	5,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,274	...	...	96,919	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,659	...	...	82,718	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	855	...	...	2,345	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,776	...	...	46,626	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,235	...	...	42,903	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,495	...	...	16,970	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,343	...	...	90,982	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,333	...	...	74,733	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,245	...	...	8,585	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,353	...	...	85,367	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,631	...	...	69,633	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,305	...	...	5,745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,200	...	...	114,470	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,829	...	...	93,516	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	775	...	...	2,330	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,578	...	...	53,762	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,645	...	...	46,962	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,240	1,055	1,185	9,715	4,935	4,775
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,275	48,998	35,328	28,923	32,128	26,432
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,143	41,984	31,936	26,477	28,626	24,771
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,215	1,040	1,175	9,630	4,925	4,705
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,470	53,912	43,664	39,804	44,342	35,054
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,220	44,286	36,629	32,898	35,784	29,876
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	18,475	9,025	9,450	56,615	28,235	28,375
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,045	3,715	4,325	34,815	17,025	17,790
In the bottom decile	995	440	555	4,960	2,405	2,555
In the second decile	1,465	610	855	7,045	3,250	3,790
In the third decile	1,600	745	860	7,955	3,870	4,085
In the fourth decile	1,920	930	995	7,665	3,885	3,780
In the fifth decile	2,055	995	1,065	7,190	3,615	3,575
In the top half of the distribution	10,435	5,310	5,125	21,795	11,205	10,590
In the sixth decile	2,270	1,120	1,150	6,275	3,250	3,025
In the seventh decile	2,420	1,240	1,185	5,120	2,600	2,520
In the eighth decile	2,450	1,260	1,190	4,145	2,140	2,005
In the ninth decile	2,045	1,050	995	3,175	1,625	1,545
In the top decile	1,255	645	610	3,090	1,595	1,495
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	18,475	9,025	9,455	56,610	28,235	28,375
0 to 17 years	3,940	1,990	1,945	10,830	5,535	5,295
0 to 5 years	1,300	655	645	3,370	1,705	1,670
18 to 64 years	10,685	5,280	5,410	33,445	16,615	16,825
65 years and over	3,850	1,750	2,100	12,345	6,090	6,255
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,580	650	930	8,385	3,945	4,440
0 to 17 years	460	220	245	1,775	885	895
0 to 5 years	135	70	65	535	275	265
18 to 64 years	835	340	490	4,595	2,215	2,385
65 years and over	285	95	190	2,015	850	1,170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	7.2	9.8	14.8	14.0	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.7	11.1	12.6	16.4	16.0	16.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.7	10.1	15.9	16.1	15.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	6.4	9.1	13.7	13.3	14.2
65 years and over (%)	7.4	5.4	9.0	16.3	14.0	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	665	310	355	2,935	1,515	1,420
0 to 17 years	150	70	80	570	275	300
0 to 5 years	30	20	15	175	90	85
18 to 64 years	475	225	250	2,165	1,135	1,030
65 years and over	40	15	25	200	105	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.4	3.8	5.2	5.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.5	4.1	5.3	5.0	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.3	3.1	2.3	5.2	5.3	5.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.3	4.6	6.5	6.8	6.1
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.6	1.7	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	18,505	9,055	9,455	56,610	28,235	28,375
Official languages	18,405	9,020	9,385	56,570	28,210	28,365
English	18,405	9,015	9,385	33,800	17,600	16,200
French	1,035	470	565	52,865	26,320	26,545
Non-official languages	2,640	1,260	1,380	3,540	1,745	1,800
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,640	1,255	1,380	3,535	1,735	1,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	80	95	105	80	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	75	95	105	80	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	35	45	90	70	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	20	50	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	55	30	25	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	15	60	35	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	15	45	25	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	75	50	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	105	65	40	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,830	895	940	3,170	1,540	1,630
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	95	130	190	90	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	220	95	125	170	80	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Czech	10	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	125	55	75	105	50	55
Russian	25	15	15	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	40	10	30	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	330	140	190	615	305	310
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	90	40	50	100	40	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	205	90	115	460	235	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	35	25	60	40	20
Indo-Iranian languages	205	100	105	70	40	25
Indo-Aryan languages	200	95	105	35	20	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	25	20	10
Hindi	70	25	40	30	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	45	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	0	25	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,020	535	485	2,365	1,120	1,245
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	470	250	225	365	185	185
Portuguese	240	125	115	75	45	30
Romanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	360	175	185	2,010	930	1,080
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	15	20	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	15	35	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	40	20	15
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	10	25	45	25	20
American Sign Language	25	10	20	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	55	65	100	50	50
Chinese languages	115	55	65	100	50	55
Cantonese	45	20	25	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	40	45	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	40	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	40	20	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	165	80	90	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	90	35	50	10	0	10
Hungarian	80	45	40	15	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	18,510	9,055	9,455	56,615	28,235	28,380
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,995	8,785	9,210	55,885	27,885	27,995
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,905	1,985	1,925	10,755	5,440	5,320
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,090	6,800	7,285	45,130	22,450	22,680
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	515	270	245	730	345	380
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	18,505	9,055	9,450	56,615	28,235	28,375
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	15,765	7,750	8,015	53,845	26,855	26,990
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,705	1,290	1,410	2,655	1,315	1,345
Before 1981	1,430	660	770	1,400	660	740
1981 to 1990	325	160	170	295	160	130
1991 to 2000	335	170	165	310	160	150
2001 to 2010	435	215	215	395	215	185
2001 to 2005	185	100	90	170	90	85
2006 to 2010	250	115	130	225	125	100
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	180	85	95	250	115	140
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	40	15	20	110	70	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,705	1,290	1,415	2,655	1,315	1,345
Under 5 years	395	200	190	365	175	195
5 to 14 years	600	275	320	415	200	220
15 to 24 years	760	345	415	615	265	350
25 to 44 years	825	400	425	1,065	585	480
45 years and over	130	65	65	200	95	110
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,705	1,290	1,415	2,655	1,310	1,345
Americas	410	210	205	585	225	365
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	10	25
El Salvador	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	115	45	65	0	0	10
Mexico	20	15	10	30	0	20
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	20	15	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	25	40	410	150	260
Other places of birth in Americas	115	70	45	85	50	40
Europe	1,575	740	830	1,660	885	780
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	595	350	245
Germany	180	75	100	150	70	80
Greece	25	20	10	25	15	10
Hungary	50	25	20	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	25	10	10	10	0
Italy	160	80	80	65	40	30
Netherlands	95	55	45	45	10	35
Poland	75	40	40	35	10	30
Portugal	105	55	50	20	10	15
Romania	15	10	10	10	0	10
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	35	15	15	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	625	265	360	235	120	115
Other places of birth in Europe	155	65	85	435	230	205
Africa	75	40	40	170	90	80
Algeria	0	0	0	30	20	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	10	0	0	40	25	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	20	90	35	55
Asia	635	295	335	235	110	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	100	45	50	50	20	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	115	55	60	35	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Iraq	60	30	30	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pakistan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	40	10	30
Sri Lanka	70	40	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	10	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	25	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	40	25	55	30	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	85	95	255	115	140
Americas	15	10	0	85	50	40
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	0
Europe	55	35	20	95	40	55
France	0	0	0	75	30	40
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	0	15	0	15
Africa	15	10	10	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	20	0	15
Asia	95	30	70	30	10	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	15	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	10	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	18,510	9,055	9,455	56,615	28,235	28,375
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,835	1,350	1,485	2,975	1,475	1,500
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,110	1,965	2,150	3,685	1,800	1,890
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,560	5,740	5,825	49,945	24,960	24,985
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,305	640	665	1,305	665	635
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	500	245	255	615	370	245
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	180	85	90	355	260	95
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	320	160	160	260	110	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	490	235	260	605	255	350
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	295	155	140	80	35	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	18,505	9,055	9,450	56,615	28,235	28,375
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	435	160	275	915	440	480
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	435	160	275	855	415	440
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	265	105	160	475	225	255
Métis	170	55	110	380	190	185
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	18,070	8,895	9,175	55,695	27,795	27,895
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	18,510	9,055	9,450	56,615	28,235	28,380
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	50	60	160	90	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,395	9,005	9,390	56,455	28,145	28,305
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	18,510	9,055	9,455	56,610	28,235	28,380
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	15	20	600	280	320
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	15	25	595	280	315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	10	15	460	205	255
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	130	70	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	685	310	380	2,350	1,210	1,130
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	675	305	370	2,330	1,210	1,120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	525	260	265	2,015	1,045	970
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	40	95	320	165	155
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	10	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	17,785	8,730	9,055	53,665	26,735	26,930
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	18,510	9,055	9,455	56,610	28,235	28,375
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,570	810	755	745	400	340
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	475	260	220	55	30	25
Chinese	150	70	85	120	40	80
Black	345	170	175	200	120	80
Filipino	75	30	45	55	25	30
Latin American	195	120	70	130	65	65
Arab	60	35	25	65	50	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	55	35	35	30	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	15	20	30	15	10
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	30	15	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	70	45	25	15	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	16,940	8,240	8,700	55,870	27,830	28,035
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	18,505	9,055	9,455	56,610	28,235	28,375
North American Aboriginal origins	725	320	400	2,950	1,500	1,450
First Nations (North American Indian)	570	275	290	2,500	1,255	1,240
Inuit	10	0	0	0	10	0
Métis	155	50	110	470	240	225
Other North American origins	6,370	3,130	3,245	39,720	19,725	19,995
Acadian	15	10	10	255	135	125
American	220	100	120	660	325	335
Canadian	6,180	3,040	3,140	38,175	18,935	19,240
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	15	20	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	1,240	610	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	10	0	10	0
European origins	14,355	6,980	7,380	25,745	12,905	12,840
British Isles origins	10,510	5,035	5,475	9,810	4,825	4,985
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,965	2,845	3,120	4,375	2,140	2,235
Irish	4,735	2,295	2,440	4,875	2,305	2,575
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,540	2,160	2,380	2,705	1,340	1,365
Welsh	330	130	200	270	120	155
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	755	340	415	460	220	240
French origins	1,425	655	765	15,935	8,045	7,895
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Breton	0	0	0	55	25	30
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,420	660	765	15,910	8,035	7,880
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,885	1,290	1,595	3,445	1,740	1,710
Austrian	105	55	45	75	25	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	115	45	70	750	375	380
Dutch	950	460	495	630	305	325
Flemish	25	0	10	50	0	40
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,805	790	1,010	1,595	800	800
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	70	25	40	660	370	295
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	610	315	295	285	125	160
Danish	135	65	70	70	35	40
Finnish	215	110	105	50	15	35
Icelandic	10	0	0	15	10	0
Norwegian	155	100	50	55	30	30
Swedish	85	45	40	100	40	65
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	10	20	0	0	10
Eastern European origins	1,460	740	720	1,015	450	565
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	65	45	15	60	35	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	15	20	20	10	10
Estonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	175	90	80	110	40	60
Latvian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	65	20	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	655	305	350	395	175	220
Romanian	35	20	15	95	40	50
Russian	100	65	35	160	75	95
Slovak	30	10	20	35	15	15
Ukrainian	420	235	180	190	80	110
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins	2,620	1,375	1,240	2,055	1,020	1,035
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	30	20	30	10	15
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	145	75	65	135	70	70
Italian	1,655	805	855	1,420	690	735
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Maltese	125	65	60	30	20	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	510	320	195	235	105	125
Serbian	20	0	10	15	0	10
Sicilian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	35	25	10	10	0	10
Spanish	225	105	120	265	155	110
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	45	30	100	40	60
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	40	20	15	30	10	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	20	0	50	30	20
Caribbean origins	405	205	190	120	70	55
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	15	0	10
Dominican	10	10	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Jamaican	250	140	115	25	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	30	20	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	15	45	20	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	170	150	315	150	160
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazilian	30	10	20	20	15	10
Chilean	10	0	10	65	30	30
Colombian	20	10	10	55	25	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	60	35	0	10	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	20	20	0
Guyanese	25	10	15	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	15	15	85	35	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Salvadorean	40	25	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	15	10	10	0
African origins	145	75	65	315	185	130
Central and West African origins	35	10	25	45	25	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	165	105	60
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	20	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	45	40	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	25	30	45	25	20
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	50	35	20	60	25	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	35	20	60	25	35
Asian origins	1,210	590	625	550	265	290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	235	110	130	295	150	150
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	15	15	10
Armenian	40	25	15	40	15	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Iraqi	115	40	80	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	10	140	60	85
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	35	15	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	475	260	215	45	25	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	285	145	135	45	20	25
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	40	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	115	60	50	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	530	250	275	210	90	115
Burmese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese	285	125	155	100	30	70
Filipino	85	35	50	55	20	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Laotian	15	15	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	40	30	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania origins	20	10	0	15	15	10
Australian	20	10	10	20	15	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
Owner	5,860	...	...	18,160	...	...
Renter	1,480	...	...	7,705	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,345	...	...	25,865	...	...
Condominium	1,700	...	...	1,580	...	...
Not condominium	5,640	...	...	24,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	50	...	...
1 bedroom	565	...	...	2,690	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,805	...	...	7,610	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,070	...	...	10,115	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,885	...	...	5,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,120	...	...	6,600	...	...
5 rooms	1,100	...	...	4,895	...	...
6 rooms	1,350	...	...	3,690	...	...
7 rooms	1,490	...	...	3,655	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,275	...	...	7,020	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,295	...	...	25,780	...	...
More than 1 person per room	45	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,345	...	...	25,865	...	...
Suitable	7,100	...	...	25,355	...	...
Not suitable	235	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
1960 or before	885	...	...	7,190	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,255	...	...	7,455	...	...
1981 to 1990	800	...	...	3,230	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,185	...	...	2,305	...	...
2001 to 2005	725	...	...	1,380	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,060	...	...	2,220	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,430	...	...	2,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,060	...	...	23,895	...	...
Major repairs needed	280	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,020	...	...	16,075	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,185	...	...	9,615	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	130	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,340	...	...	25,865	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...	580	...	...
25 to 34 years	995	...	...	2,760	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,275	...	...	3,715	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,390	...	...	4,715	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,240	...	...	5,935	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,250	...	...	5,170	...	...
75 to 84 years	835	...	...	2,280	...	...
85 years and over	265	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,340	...	...	25,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,650	...	...	20,675	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,680	...	...	4,630	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,530	...	...	4,185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,855	...	...	17,670	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.9	...	...	56.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.8	...	...	13.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,375	...	...	833	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,401	...	...	967	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	400,003	...	...	240,112	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	411,934	...	...	293,211	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,485	...	...	7,660	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.1	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.9	...	...	30.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,027	...	...	616	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,118	...	...	668	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,165	7,370	7,805	47,550	23,645	23,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,015	1,560	1,455	10,365	5,720	4,645
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,230	2,610	2,620	11,990	5,635	6,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,925	3,200	3,730	25,200	12,300	12,905
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,135	825	310	7,980	4,875	3,105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	485	320	165	5,840	3,180	2,660
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	650	505	145	2,140	1,695	450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,360	1,320	2,040	7,425	3,015	4,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	80	165	1,770	685	1,090
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,180	970	1,210	8,030	3,725	4,305
Bachelor's degree	1,660	670	990	5,355	2,275	3,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	75	80	670	330	345
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	30	0	300	190	105
Master's degree	290	165	130	1,455	785	675
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	25	10	245	150	95
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,365	4,645	4,715	29,625	14,650	14,975
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,285	730	555	4,540	2,760	1,780
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,255	1,750	1,505	7,380	3,575	3,810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,825	2,170	2,650	17,695	8,315	9,385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	750	540	205	5,990	3,530	2,460
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	305	200	105	4,405	2,310	2,095
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	445	335	110	1,585	1,220	360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,435	995	1,440	5,080	2,055	3,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	50	100	1,045	410	635
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,490	585	910	5,585	2,325	3,260
Bachelor's degree	1,180	430	750	3,875	1,545	2,330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	35	55	360	125	230
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	25	0	180	85	95
Master's degree	180	80	95	1,025	485	545
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	20	0	140	80	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,170	7,365	7,800	47,550	23,650	23,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,240	4,165	4,075	22,355	11,350	11,005
Education	460	100	360	2,060	505	1,560
13. Education	460	100	360	2,055	500	1,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	270	130	135	1,075	425	650
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	70	15	120	90	30
50. Visual and performing arts	180	60	120	955	340	625
Humanities	360	135	220	1,420	510	910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	25	195	25	165
23. English language and literature/letters	85	10	75	90	40	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	45	730	255	480
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	65	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	15	75	50	20
54. History	95	50	45	60	30	25
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	15	200	70	130
Social and behavioural sciences and law	850	250	605	2,215	725	1,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	35	30	335	100	235
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	20	185	435	30	405
22. Legal professions and studies	130	20	110	445	185	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	15	45	10	40
42. Psychology	150	45	105	350	95	255
45. Social sciences	275	110	160	590	295	290
Business, management and public administration	1,360	490	870	5,330	1,845	3,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	20	105	250	75	170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,235	470	770	5,075	1,765	3,310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	60	70	725	445	280
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	10	25	195	85	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	30	155	95	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	105	50	55
40. Physical sciences	30	25	0	245	195	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	25	25	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	90	70	560	350	215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	70	45	475	320	155
25. Library science	15	0	10	55	10	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	35	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,520	1,435	85	5,525	5,135	390
04. Architecture and related services	45	40	10	240	145	90
14. Engineering	230	185	45	705	635	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	305	290	20	1,080	975	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	385	380	10	1,180	1,155	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	320	0	1,225	1,185	40
48. Precision production	230	225	10	1,100	1,040	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	90	55	1,030	720	310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	55	50	830	590	245
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	10	200	130	65
Health and related fields	1,085	180	910	3,210	660	2,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	50	265	125	145
51. Health professions and related programs	990	130	860	2,855	490	2,370
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	85	50	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	575	240	340	2,040	975	1,060
12. Personal and culinary services	325	55	270	1,220	280	940
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	155	105	55	360	270	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	75	15	455	420	35
Other	0	0	0	10	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,360	4,650	4,715	29,625	14,650	14,975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,540	2,480	2,065	11,925	6,335	5,590
Education	230	45	180	1,125	230	895
13. Education	230	50	180	1,125	225	900
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	95	120	725	275	445
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	45	10	95	65	30
50. Visual and performing arts	155	55	105	630	210	420
Humanities	250	85	165	775	270	510
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	140	15	125
23. English language and literature/letters	60	10	55	35	15	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	25	405	170	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	45	20	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	20	10	0
54. History	70	35	40	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	105	25	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	140	445	1,600	440	1,160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	25	15	280	80	195
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	10	155	345	15	330
22. Legal professions and studies	95	0	90	290	90	200
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	30	10	20
42. Psychology	85	20	70	245	60	185
45. Social sciences	175	70	100	400	180	220
Business, management and public administration	935	285	650	4,000	1,265	2,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	80	170	40	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	840	270	565	3,830	1,220	2,615
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	35	60	435	240	195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	25	135	65	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	25	80	45	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	50	20	30
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	150	95	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	15	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	75	50	480	280	195
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	55	35	405	260	150
25. Library science	10	0	10	45	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	30	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,080	1,005	75	4,000	3,665	335
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	10	195	105	90
14. Engineering	145	110	35	480	410	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	240	220	15	800	735	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	250	0	805	785	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	250	0	870	830	35
48. Precision production	150	140	10	850	795	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	55	50	750	500	250
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	75	30	45	610	410	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	10	145	90	50
Health and related fields	770	160	610	2,230	415	1,815
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	80	40	40	205	90	120
51. Health professions and related programs	680	110	570	1,980	315	1,665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	40	10	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	450	185	265	1,565	725	835
12. Personal and culinary services	250	40	210	935	210	730
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	125	85	40	260	180	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	15	365	340	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,170	7,365	7,805	47,555	23,645	23,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,240	4,165	4,075	22,350	11,350	11,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,925	3,200	3,730	25,200	12,300	12,900
Location of study inside Canada	6,205	2,835	3,365	24,000	11,610	12,390
Same as province or territory of residence	5,800	2,675	3,130	23,005	11,045	11,960
Different than province or territory of residence	400	165	235	995	560	435
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	725	365	365	1,200	690	510
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	50	65	255	120	135
Philippines	20	0	20	15	0	15
India	40	25	15	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	90	85	155	100	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	15	0	20
France	0	0	0	365	245	115
Other	370	195	175	365	210	160
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,365	4,650	4,715	29,625	14,650	14,975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,545	2,480	2,065	11,925	6,335	5,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,825	2,170	2,655	17,700	8,315	9,385
Location of study inside Canada	4,415	1,975	2,440	17,025	7,965	9,060
Same as province or territory of residence	4,205	1,890	2,310	16,435	7,655	8,780
Different than province or territory of residence	210	85	125	595	315	280
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	410	195	215	675	345	325
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	25	45	145	65	85
Philippines	25	0	25	10	0	10
India	35	20	20	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	55	20	30	75	45	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	20	0	20
France	0	0	0	220	140	80
Other	220	125	95	195	90	105
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	15,165	7,365	7,800	47,555	23,650	23,905
In the labour force	9,655	5,160	4,495	28,880	15,250	13,635
Employed	8,995	4,835	4,165	27,280	14,325	12,955
Unemployed	660	330	330	1,605	925	680
Not in the labour force	5,510	2,200	3,305	18,675	8,400	10,275
Participation rate	63.7	70.1	57.6	60.7	64.5	57.0
Employment rate	59.3	65.6	53.4	57.4	60.6	54.2
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.4	7.3	5.6	6.1	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	15,170	7,365	7,800	47,555	23,650	23,905
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,305	2,105	3,200	16,915	7,420	9,490
Worked	9,865	5,260	4,605	30,640	16,225	14,415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,700	3,405	2,295	14,000	7,985	6,020
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,165	1,855	2,305	16,640	8,240	8,395
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	44.8	43.2	42.2	42.4	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,655	5,160	4,500	28,880	15,245	13,630
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	65	120	435	215	220
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,475	5,100	4,375	28,440	15,035	13,415
Employee	8,610	4,575	4,030	23,155	11,905	11,255
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	865	520	345	5,290	3,125	2,160
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,660	5,165	4,495	28,880	15,245	13,630
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	65	120	435	215	220
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,470	5,100	4,380	28,445	15,030	13,410
0 Management occupations	935	560	370	3,620	2,290	1,335
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,410	380	1,030	3,450	875	2,575
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	475	370	100	1,355	965	390
3 Health occupations	515	85	430	1,825	325	1,495
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	755	225	530	2,965	850	2,115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	185	85	100	880	390	485
6 Sales and service occupations	2,125	795	1,335	6,285	2,625	3,665
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,795	1,625	170	4,610	4,350	260
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	170	40	1,055	815	245
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,070	800	265	2,390	1,560	835
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,655	5,160	4,495	28,880	15,245	13,630
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	65	120	435	215	220
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,470	5,095	4,375	28,445	15,030	13,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	85	25	1,885	1,250	630
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	80	70	10
22 Utilities	60	50	15	65	60	0
23 Construction	980	870	110	1,900	1,650	255
31-33 Manufacturing	1,750	1,255	495	4,985	3,485	1,500
41 Wholesale trade	475	320	155	1,045	655	390
44-45 Retail trade	1,070	420	650	3,475	1,610	1,865
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	625	410	215	1,115	810	300
51 Information and cultural industries	105	60	50	370	195	180
52 Finance and insurance	245	65	175	675	225	445
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	195	85	110	330	185	140
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	400	200	205	1,550	815	740
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	540	320	225	1,125	675	450
61 Educational services	500	160	335	1,680	545	1,135
62 Health care and social assistance	865	95	765	3,145	475	2,670
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	60	70	730	375	350
72 Accommodation and food services	700	255	445	1,815	710	1,105
81 Other services (except public administration)	275	125	150	1,345	635	710
91 Public administration	400	240	165	1,120	595	520
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,000	4,835	4,165	27,275	14,325	12,955
Worked at home	570	280	295	3,160	1,575	1,580
Worked outside Canada	20	10	10	105	70	35
No fixed workplace address	1,150	930	220	2,570	1,885	685
Worked at usual place	7,250	3,610	3,640	21,445	10,790	10,650
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,250	3,615	3,640	21,445	10,790	10,650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,690	1,750	1,940	7,560	3,685	3,875
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	920	415	505	6,560	3,115	3,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,630	1,445	1,185	7,260	3,960	3,300
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	10	55	30	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,405	4,545	3,860	24,015	12,675	11,330
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,145	3,985	3,160	20,770	11,085	9,685
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	585	275	310	930	435	500
Public transit	45	10	30	250	120	135
Walked	475	175	300	1,575	755	815
Bicycle	85	55	25	200	130	65
Other method	75	45	30	285	150	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,405	4,545	3,860	24,010	12,680	11,335
Less than 15 minutes	3,040	1,340	1,695	9,695	4,830	4,860
15 to 29 minutes	1,410	780	635	7,695	3,865	3,830
30 to 44 minutes	1,045	550	500	3,425	1,985	1,440
45 to 59 minutes	1,065	640	425	1,280	750	525
60 minutes and over	1,845	1,230	610	1,915	1,245	670
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,405	4,545	3,865	24,010	12,680	11,335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,465	1,120	350	1,595	1,105	490
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,950	1,245	710	5,105	3,395	1,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,630	735	890	7,395	3,640	3,755
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,150	370	780	4,160	1,645	2,515
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	165	395	2,105	725	1,380
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,645	910	730	3,650	2,170	1,480
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,135	5,365	4,770	31,465	16,600	14,860
Single responses	10,060	5,340	4,725	29,210	15,540	13,670
Official languages	10,030	5,320	4,710	29,140	15,490	13,650
English	10,000	5,305	4,690	3,940	2,185	1,760
French	30	10	15	25,195	13,310	11,890
Non-official languages	30	20	15	70	50	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	10	70	50	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	70	45	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	40	25	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	50	2,255	1,060	1,195
English and French	35	10	30	2,205	1,030	1,175
English and non-official language	40	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	25	15	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,140	5,370	4,770	31,465	16,605	14,865
None	9,860	5,240	4,620	18,755	9,975	8,785
English	30	15	15	10,175	5,215	4,960
French	120	50	70	2,345	1,335	1,015
Non-official language	120	65	60	100	50	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	65	55	95	45	50
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	70	30	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	18,310	8,945	9,365	56,110	27,995	28,115
Non-movers	15,890	7,735	8,155	49,595	24,800	24,790
Movers	2,425	1,210	1,215	6,515	3,195	3,325
Non-migrants	985	485	500	2,930	1,470	1,460
Migrants	1,440	725	710	3,585	1,725	1,865
Internal migrants	1,320	685	635	3,430	1,630	1,800
Intraprovincial migrants	1,265	655	605	3,335	1,595	1,740
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	30	95	40	60
External migrants	115	40	75	160	90	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	17,420	8,470	8,955	53,875	26,885	26,985
Non-movers	9,305	4,495	4,810	35,025	17,750	17,275
Movers	8,115	3,975	4,145	18,850	9,140	9,710
Non-migrants	2,665	1,245	1,425	7,515	3,695	3,825
Migrants	5,450	2,730	2,720	11,335	5,445	5,885
Internal migrants	5,160	2,595	2,565	10,965	5,260	5,710
Intraprovincial migrants	4,935	2,485	2,455	10,625	5,090	5,540
Interprovincial migrants	225	115	110	340	175	170
External migrants	290	130	160	365	185	175

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Alliston [Population centre], Ontario and Brome-Missisquoi, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alliston [Population centre], Ontario and Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Alliston [Population centre], Ontario and Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alliston [Population centre], Ontario and Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec