Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Baie-Comeau Quebec [Population centre]			Lambton--Kent--Middlesex Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Map : Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	9,610	...	...	105,331	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,917	...	...	105,919	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	-0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,523	...	...	45,783	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,286	...	...	41,600	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	845.2	...	...	21.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.37	...	...	4,920.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	9,610	4,825	4,785	105,335	52,390	52,945
0 to 14 years	1,525	765	755	18,245	9,375	8,875
0 to 4 years	495	235	260	5,640	2,880	2,760
5 to 9 years	515	240	275	6,310	3,260	3,050
10 to 14 years	510	290	220	6,295	3,235	3,065
15 to 64 years	6,425	3,270	3,150	66,275	33,280	33,000
15 to 19 years	530	270	255	6,510	3,360	3,145
20 to 24 years	545	290	255	5,800	3,025	2,775
25 to 29 years	500	255	240	4,930	2,525	2,405
30 to 34 years	530	265	265	5,365	2,630	2,730
35 to 39 years	595	275	325	5,680	2,835	2,845
40 to 44 years	555	280	280	6,070	2,985	3,090
45 to 49 years	650	320	335	6,650	3,300	3,350
50 to 54 years	925	475	450	8,490	4,190	4,300
55 to 59 years	875	455	425	8,840	4,405	4,435
60 to 64 years	715	390	330	7,945	4,020	3,925
65 years and over	1,665	790	875	20,805	9,740	11,070
65 to 69 years	525	275	255	6,865	3,395	3,475
70 to 74 years	410	200	210	5,215	2,575	2,645
75 to 79 years	330	160	170	3,640	1,745	1,895
80 to 84 years	235	100	135	2,490	1,140	1,355
85 years and over	170	60	110	2,595	890	1,705
85 to 89 years	120	45	70	1,625	635	995
90 to 94 years	40	10	30	765	215	550
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	185	35	145
100 years and over	5	0	0	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	15.9	15.8	17.3	17.9	16.8
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.8	65.8	62.9	63.5	62.3
65 years and over	17.3	16.4	18.3	19.8	18.6	20.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	2.5	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	42.6	42.3	42.9	42.6	41.8	43.5
Median age of the population	45.3	45.2	45.3	45.0	44.1	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,290	...	...	41,600	...	...
Single-detached house	2,340	...	...	35,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	130	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,440	...	...	5,410	...	...
Semi-detached house	330	...	...	1,145	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	985	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	230	...	...	405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	805	...	...	2,755	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	125	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	405	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,285	...	...	41,600	...	...
1 person	1,365	...	...	10,065	...	...
2 persons	1,585	...	...	16,245	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	5,785	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...	5,935	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	3,570	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,480	...	...	103,345	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,085	4,060	4,025	87,085	43,015	44,065
Married or living common law	5,045	2,520	2,525	55,400	27,710	27,690
Married	2,590	1,295	1,295	47,975	24,000	23,975
Living common law	2,460	1,225	1,230	7,425	3,710	3,715
Not married and not living common law	3,040	1,540	1,500	31,685	15,310	16,375
Never married	2,130	1,205	920	19,355	10,840	8,520
Separated	65	40	25	2,470	1,200	1,270
Divorced	460	210	250	4,145	2,035	2,105
Widowed	390	85	310	5,715	1,240	4,480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,845	...	...	31,255	...	...
2 persons	1,555	...	...	16,765	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	5,690	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	5,725	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	3,070	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,840	...	...	31,250	...	...
Total couple families	2,495	...	...	27,290	...	...
Married couples	1,265	...	...	23,580	...	...
Common-law couples	1,230	...	...	3,710	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	345	...	...	3,960	...	...
Female parent	235	...	...	2,970	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	27,295	...	...
Couples without children	1,355	...	...	14,445	...	...
Couples with children	1,135	...	...	12,845	...	...
1 child	515	...	...	4,555	...	...
2 children	460	...	...	5,355	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	2,935	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	3,960	...	...
1 child	205	...	...	2,320	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	1,130	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,650	865	785	13,100	6,450	6,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,285	...	...	41,600	...	...
One-census-family households	2,820	...	...	30,285	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,340	...	...	14,075	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,475	...	...	16,205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	480	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,455	...	...	10,840	...	...
One-person households	1,370	...	...	10,065	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	775	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,515	4,785	4,730	104,140	51,945	52,195
English only	10	10	5	98,725	49,535	49,185
French only	7,030	3,370	3,660	35	10	20
English and French	2,475	1,410	1,060	4,945	2,210	2,735
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	445	190	255
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,515	4,790	4,730	104,145	51,945	52,200
English	115	70	50	102,485	51,120	51,360
French	9,390	4,720	4,670	1,170	620	550
English and French	15	0	10	65	30	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	430	180	250
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	120	70	55	1,205	630	570
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.5	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,515	4,790	4,730	104,140	51,945	52,195
Single responses	9,460	4,765	4,700	103,415	51,620	51,795
Official languages	9,395	4,730	4,670	95,490	47,735	47,755
English	120	70	50	94,165	47,040	47,120
French	9,280	4,665	4,615	1,330	700	630
Non-official languages	65	30	35	7,920	3,885	4,040
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	115	55	65
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	105	50	60
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	100	45	55
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	35	25	7,805	3,830	3,975
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	80	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	80	40	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	10	10	0	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	90	30	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	25	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	7,100	3,505	3,595
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	860	400	465
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	835	385	450
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Czech	0	0	0	80	40	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	355	165	190
Russian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	75	30	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	5	0	0	4,170	2,060	2,105
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Dutch	0	0	0	2,110	1,025	1,085
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	25
German	0	0	5	1,800	910	890
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	155	75	80
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	130	75	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	5	30	20	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	1,850	930	925
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	235	135	95
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,385	675	710
Romanian	10	5	5	45	20	25
Spanish	10	0	5	185	95	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	105	50	55
Chinese languages	5	0	0	105	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	230	110	120
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	210	105	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	730	325	400
English and French	45	20	25	205	90	115
English and non-official language	0	0	0	500	220	275
French and non-official language	10	10	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,515	4,785	4,725	104,140	51,945	52,200
Single responses	9,470	4,760	4,710	103,095	51,455	51,635
Official languages	9,455	4,755	4,700	100,700	50,260	50,440
English	80	40	40	100,420	50,125	50,290
French	9,375	4,715	4,660	280	130	150
Non-official languages	15	5	10	2,400	1,200	1,195
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	2,385	1,195	1,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	2,085	1,035	1,050
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	165	90	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	45	40
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,145	580	565
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	170	75	85
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	0	0	0	925	470	450
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	690	325	365
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	550	245	305
Romanian	0	5	5	10	10	5
Spanish	0	0	5	85	45	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	25	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	5	60	30	30
Chinese languages	5	0	5	60	25	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	20	1,050	490	560
English and French	30	20	10	85	45	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	950	435	510
French and non-official language	10	10	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,515	4,790	4,725	104,140	51,945	52,200
None	9,085	4,545	4,535	99,365	49,675	49,685
English	340	190	150	1,145	585	560
French	55	30	25	1,000	440	555
Non-official language	25	20	10	2,600	1,220	1,380
Aboriginal	5	0	5	250	95	150
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	10	2,350	1,120	1,230
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,960	4,015	3,945	85,125	42,260	42,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,740	3,920	3,815	82,340	40,970	41,370
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,347	50,709	29,976	34,336	41,525	28,302
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,750	3,925	3,825	82,365	40,965	41,395
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,844	42,163	26,560	31,177	37,047	26,053
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,220	3,795	3,430	74,820	37,920	36,900
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,791	45,990	26,048	31,414	39,566	24,326
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,445	2,520	2,925	59,675	27,480	32,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,912	8,288	7,728	7,204	6,812	7,423
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,845	3,075	2,770	61,505	32,615	28,895
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,027	48,427	29,397	31,628	38,235	26,105
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,115	4,085	4,030	85,105	42,235	42,870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,910	4,020	3,895	82,325	40,865	41,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,879	57,689	37,763	44,022	51,860	36,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,920	4,015	3,905	82,355	40,870	41,490
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,737	45,928	31,338	36,976	42,636	31,401
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,325	3,885	3,445	74,875	37,895	36,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,720	53,586	34,721	41,618	49,975	33,055
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,725	2,665	3,060	59,715	27,615	32,095
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,947	8,882	9,003	8,505	8,171	8,793
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,930	3,130	2,800	61,495	32,470	29,025
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,647	52,287	36,122	40,355	46,997	32,924
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,120	4,090	4,030	85,105	42,230	42,870
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,615	1,435	1,180	30,145	17,695	12,445
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,766	75,272	48,943	50,043	55,309	43,779
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,664	77,061	51,826	58,690	64,820	49,975
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.4	81.4	86.1	89.5	81.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.4	71.2	69.0	68.8	72.2	63.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.0	9.5	18.6	13.9	10.5	18.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	7,960	4,015	3,945	85,125	42,260	42,865
Without total income	225	90	130	2,785	1,295	1,495
With total income	7,740	3,920	3,815	82,340	40,970	41,375
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.6	96.7	96.7	96.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	265	510	10,800	4,485	6,315
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	295	775	13,875	5,435	8,435
$20,000 to $29,999	970	340	630	12,000	5,070	6,930
$30,000 to $39,999	1,030	525	500	10,175	4,715	5,465
$40,000 to $49,999	955	500	455	9,205	4,775	4,430
$50,000 to $59,999	725	430	295	7,020	3,950	3,070
$60,000 to $69,999	525	320	200	5,185	3,205	1,980
$70,000 to $79,999	475	285	195	3,600	2,260	1,340
$80,000 to $89,999	325	235	90	2,670	1,705	965
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	2,435	1,415	1,020
$100,000 and over	615	515	100	5,375	3,955	1,425
$100,000 to $149,999	485	420	70	3,835	2,755	1,080
$150,000 and over	130	95	30	1,545	1,195	345
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,960	4,015	3,945	85,125	42,260	42,865
Without after-tax income	215	90	125	2,755	1,290	1,470
With after-tax income	7,750	3,920	3,825	82,370	40,965	41,395
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.6	97.0	96.8	96.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	850	270	580	11,255	4,625	6,630
$10,000 to $19,999	1,125	325	805	14,475	5,690	8,775
$20,000 to $29,999	1,245	480	765	13,955	5,970	7,985
$30,000 to $39,999	1,355	750	605	12,245	6,035	6,210
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	605	440	10,150	5,540	4,615
$50,000 to $59,999	730	440	285	6,925	4,255	2,675
$60,000 to $69,999	565	375	190	4,480	2,820	1,665
$70,000 to $79,999	370	295	70	3,390	2,065	1,320
$80,000 and over	465	385	80	5,490	3,960	1,525
$80,000 to $89,999	190	160	30	2,030	1,360	670
$90,000 to $99,999	100	90	10	1,105	800	305
$100,000 and over	175	135	40	2,355	1,795	555
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	7,960	4,015	3,945	85,125	42,260	42,865
Without employment income	2,120	940	1,175	23,620	9,645	13,970
With employment income	5,840	3,075	2,765	61,505	32,610	28,895
Percentage with employment income	73.4	76.6	70.1	72.3	77.2	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	855	480	370	9,905	5,100	4,810
$5,000 to $9,999	430	175	260	5,240	2,245	2,990
$10,000 to $19,999	680	245	430	7,855	3,520	4,340
$20,000 to $29,999	540	195	350	6,640	2,985	3,655
$30,000 to $39,999	590	235	355	6,700	3,055	3,640
$40,000 to $49,999	520	240	280	6,065	3,230	2,830
$50,000 to $59,999	465	245	225	4,845	2,840	2,005
$60,000 to $69,999	350	200	145	3,540	2,265	1,275
$70,000 to $79,999	380	225	160	2,585	1,690	895
$80,000 and over	1,020	825	195	8,135	5,680	2,455
$80,000 to $89,999	275	200	75	2,095	1,350	745
$90,000 to $99,999	240	185	50	2,045	1,205	845
$100,000 and over	505	435	70	3,995	3,130	865
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,290	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,728	...	...	70,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,114	...	...	63,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,365	...	...	10,065	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,319	...	...	32,034	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,071	...	...	29,406	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	31,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,635	...	...	86,418	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,734	...	...	75,677	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,571	...	...	87,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,926	...	...	73,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...	10,040	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,122	...	...	42,852	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,821	...	...	36,256	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,980	...	...	31,540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,674	...	...	101,252	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,802	...	...	85,003	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,285	...	...	41,600	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	485	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	410	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,050	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1,400	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	1,865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,495	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	1,875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	1,925	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	1,885	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	1,785	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	3,280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	3,085	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	305	...	...	2,805	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	2,770	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	2,360	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	13,145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	4,760	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	3,065	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	375	...	...	3,195	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,285	...	...	41,600	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	545	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,060	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1,460	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	2,065	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	1,690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	2,170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	230	...	...	2,190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	2,235	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...	2,045	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	3,900	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	3,575	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	3,325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	2,930	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	2,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	910	...	...	9,490	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	4,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	255	...	...	2,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	2,730	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,845	...	...	31,030	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,078	...	...	86,338	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,050	...	...	75,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,325	...	...	13,840	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,227	...	...	75,387	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,307	...	...	66,715	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	12,970	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,305	...	...	111,982	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,435	...	...	96,265	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	3,670	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,968	...	...	48,391	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,680	...	...	45,461	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,885	...	...	31,065	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,672	...	...	101,215	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,482	...	...	84,914	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	13,890	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,147	...	...	89,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,055	...	...	75,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	12,945	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,061	...	...	126,218	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,437	...	...	104,803	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	3,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,872	...	...	59,705	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,635	...	...	52,983	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,550	815	735	11,655	5,785	5,870
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,151	44,186	26,864	30,805	34,840	27,867
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,302	36,301	25,163	28,374	31,337	25,900
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,565	805	760	11,660	5,785	5,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,743	47,628	35,505	41,182	44,046	38,359
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,794	38,564	30,798	34,970	36,893	33,075
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,485	4,785	4,700	103,345	51,615	51,730
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,125	1,985	2,135	50,735	24,745	25,990
In the bottom decile	380	170	210	8,025	3,920	4,100
In the second decile	580	215	365	10,200	4,640	5,560
In the third decile	1,030	500	535	10,825	5,270	5,550
In the fourth decile	1,085	565	515	10,665	5,370	5,300
In the fifth decile	1,050	540	510	11,020	5,545	5,480
In the top half of the distribution	5,365	2,795	2,570	52,610	26,875	25,735
In the sixth decile	1,190	620	565	11,510	5,845	5,665
In the seventh decile	1,355	690	665	11,145	5,675	5,470
In the eighth decile	1,130	600	530	11,225	5,740	5,480
In the ninth decile	1,070	570	505	10,515	5,370	5,145
In the top decile	620	320	295	8,215	4,245	3,970
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,485	4,780	4,705	100,595	50,260	50,335
0 to 17 years	1,825	925	900	21,400	10,995	10,405
0 to 5 years	610	290	315	6,640	3,380	3,260
18 to 64 years	6,060	3,080	2,975	60,215	30,155	30,060
65 years and over	1,600	775	825	18,985	9,115	9,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	630	255	375	11,825	5,510	6,315
0 to 17 years	95	50	40	3,105	1,595	1,510
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	1,070	530	540
18 to 64 years	325	155	165	6,475	3,060	3,415
65 years and over	210	40	165	2,245	850	1,390
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	5.3	8.0	11.8	11.0	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.4	14.5	14.5	14.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	5.2	3.2	16.1	15.7	16.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.0	5.5	10.8	10.1	11.4
65 years and over (%)	13.1	5.2	20.0	11.8	9.3	14.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	120	130	3,760	1,895	1,865
0 to 17 years	35	20	20	825	430	400
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	290	160	135
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	2,635	1,340	1,295
65 years and over	25	5	20	290	125	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.5	2.8	3.7	3.8	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	2.2	3.9	3.9	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	3.4	1.6	4.4	4.7	4.1
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.1	3.0	4.4	4.4	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.6	2.4	1.5	1.4	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,645	4,895	4,750	103,370	51,580	51,785
Official languages	9,645	4,895	4,750	102,895	51,380	51,515
English	2,535	1,395	1,140	102,860	51,370	51,495
French	9,640	4,890	4,750	4,925	2,145	2,775
Non-official languages	190	90	100	10,145	4,875	5,270
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	515	215	300
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	500	215	285
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	480	205	280
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	475	205	275
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	15
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	190	95	100	9,645	4,660	4,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	0	145	80	65
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	145	80	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	115	75	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	30	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	15	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	90	15	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	10	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	25	20	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	60	90	8,605	4,205	4,395
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,095	540	550
Baltic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Latvian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,040	515	525
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Czech	0	0	0	90	50	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	445	215	230
Russian	0	0	0	85	30	55
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	85	35	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	70	35	30
Ukrainian	0	0	0	115	60	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	4,500	2,205	2,295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Dutch	10	10	0	2,180	1,010	1,175
Frisian	0	0	0	35	15	20
German	0	0	10	2,040	1,060	985
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	200	105	90
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55
Greek	0	0	0	130	55	75
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	110	60	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	35	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	60	80	2,895	1,435	1,460
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	345	185	160
Portuguese	10	10	0	1,875	895	980
Romanian	0	10	0	45	20	25
Spanish	120	50	70	690	350	340
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	40	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	155	70	85
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	155	75	85
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	85	45	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	25	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	10	0	0	20	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	300	130	175
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	280	125	160
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,645	4,895	4,750	103,370	51,585	51,785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,610	4,875	4,735	101,420	50,665	50,755
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,840	965	875	21,965	11,300	10,670
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,775	3,915	3,860	79,450	39,370	40,080
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	15	1,950	920	1,030
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,645	4,895	4,750	103,365	51,585	51,785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,550	4,835	4,720	93,555	46,815	46,740
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	80	60	20	9,445	4,565	4,875
Before 1981	25	25	0	6,160	2,970	3,190
1981 to 1990	10	10	0	1,165	585	580
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	885	465	420
2001 to 2010	25	15	10	860	375	490
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	455	175	280
2006 to 2010	20	15	10	405	195	210
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	0	365	170	195
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	370	205	170
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	80	65	20	9,440	4,565	4,880
Under 5 years	15	10	0	1,530	775	760
5 to 14 years	15	10	10	2,570	1,215	1,355
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	2,480	1,185	1,295
25 to 44 years	40	25	15	2,545	1,230	1,315
45 years and over	0	0	0	315	155	155
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	65	20	9,440	4,565	4,875
Americas	0	0	0	1,630	740	890
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	20	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	90	50	40
Mexico	0	0	0	505	265	240
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	790	315	475
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	130	45	80
Europe	25	25	10	7,060	3,495	3,560
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	85	35	45
France	10	10	10	40	15	25
Germany	0	0	0	445	220	225
Greece	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hungary	0	0	0	150	45	105
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	90	50	40
Italy	10	0	0	130	70	60
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,885	965	920
Poland	0	0	0	280	125	155
Portugal	0	0	0	1,210	595	615
Romania	10	10	0	55	30	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	20	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	10	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,865	950	920
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	645	315	330
Africa	25	15	10	100	45	50
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	55	30	25
Asia	30	20	10	605	255	355
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	95	25	75
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	80	45	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	75	40	40
Lebanon	10	10	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Philippines	10	10	0	60	15	45
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	95	50	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	370	170	200
Americas	0	0	0	205	95	110
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	105	45	65
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	10
Europe	0	0	10	95	50	45
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	65	30	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Philippines	0	0	0	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,645	4,890	4,745	103,365	51,585	51,785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	60	35	10,290	5,005	5,285
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	125	55	70	17,710	8,955	8,760
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,425	4,780	4,645	75,365	37,625	37,740
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	65	40	20	3,370	1,660	1,715
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	20	10	1,490	800	690
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	15	10	565	440	120
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	10	0	930	360	570
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	20	10	1,435	640	790
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	415	205	205
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,645	4,890	4,750	103,365	51,580	51,785
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	245	125	125	5,440	2,650	2,785
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	240	120	120	5,370	2,635	2,740
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	45	45	4,260	2,070	2,190
Métis	155	75	80	1,090	550	540
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	30	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	40	10	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,400	4,770	4,630	97,925	48,925	49,000
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,640	4,895	4,750	103,365	51,580	51,785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	65	30	35	3,870	1,825	2,045
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,580	4,865	4,715	99,495	49,755	49,735
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,640	4,895	4,750	103,365	51,585	51,785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	190	90	105	3,085	1,505	1,575
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	175	80	95	3,080	1,505	1,575
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	110	55	60	2,955	1,445	1,505
Métis single ancestry	65	25	35	115	60	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	490	220	275	3,335	1,605	1,725
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	480	210	275	3,295	1,580	1,710
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	125	185	2,295	1,030	1,265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	70	60	985	545	440
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	40	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	8,960	4,585	4,370	96,945	48,465	48,480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,640	4,895	4,750	103,370	51,585	51,785
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	35	35	2,160	1,115	1,040
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	195	110	85
Chinese	0	0	0	215	95	125
Black	30	10	20	710	420	290
Filipino	0	0	0	135	50	80
Latin American	10	0	10	175	110	65
Arab	10	10	0	105	70	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	225	90	130
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	125	60	65
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	95	40	55
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	125	45	80
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,575	4,860	4,715	101,205	50,465	50,740
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,640	4,895	4,750	103,370	51,585	51,785
North American Aboriginal origins	685	305	380	6,420	3,115	3,300
First Nations (North American Indian)	445	195	255	5,305	2,505	2,800
Inuit	45	15	30	20	10	10
Métis	220	115	105	1,145	630	520
Other North American origins	7,720	3,885	3,835	35,355	17,635	17,720
Acadian	50	15	35	75	50	25
American	35	25	10	1,375	595	775
Canadian	7,555	3,795	3,760	34,470	17,280	17,190
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Québécois	180	100	80	35	20	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	10
European origins	3,035	1,535	1,505	81,145	40,465	40,685
British Isles origins	830	425	410	55,425	27,050	28,375
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	180	85	90	33,270	15,855	17,410
Irish	495	250	245	21,865	10,335	11,530
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	175	95	80	25,755	12,660	13,095
Welsh	0	0	0	2,140	1,095	1,045
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	2,750	1,230	1,520
French origins	2,300	1,165	1,135	12,225	5,950	6,275
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Breton	20	0	15	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,280	1,160	1,120	12,210	5,945	6,265
Western European origins (except French origins)	130	60	70	30,145	15,455	14,685
Austrian	0	0	0	295	155	140
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	20	20	3,455	1,810	1,645
Dutch	0	0	0	15,560	7,995	7,565
Flemish	0	0	10	145	85	60
Frisian	0	0	0	100	65	35
German	75	30	40	12,895	6,475	6,415
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	415	260	155
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	1,645	775	875
Danish	0	0	0	510	230	280
Finnish	0	0	0	255	110	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	85	25	60
Norwegian	10	0	0	335	190	145
Swedish	10	0	10	385	195	190
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	115	55	65
Eastern European origins	20	20	0	7,595	3,885	3,715
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	555	290	260
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	295	130	165
Estonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,615	820	795
Latvian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	170	100	70
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	2,345	1,145	1,200
Romanian	0	10	0	295	175	120
Russian	0	10	0	770	390	385
Slovak	0	0	0	515	290	230
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,755	910	840
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	135	60	75	7,580	3,760	3,815
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	395	175	220
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	355	175	175
Italian	115	50	65	2,645	1,285	1,360
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Maltese	0	0	0	210	85	120
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	10	0	0	3,280	1,705	1,575
Serbian	0	0	0	115	50	70
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Slovenian	0	0	0	255	130	125
Spanish	15	0	10	360	195	160
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	215	85	130
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	25	45	210	120	90
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	65	40	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	15	40	140	85	60
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	500	275	220
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	0	20
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	255	160	95
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	740	430	310
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	35	20	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	15	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexican	0	0	0	460	275	185
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	40	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	45	20	30	340	185	155
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	15	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	10	10	30	15	15
Algerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	30	10	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	10	10	265	135	125
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	210	120	100
Asian origins	45	25	20	1,540	755	785
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	10	20	385	220	165
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	40	20
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	10	25	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	140	90	50
Palestinian	10	0	0	30	15	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	45	15	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	295	155	140
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	235	135	100
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	50	20	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	855	370	480
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Chinese	10	0	0	300	125	175
Filipino	10	0	10	175	70	105
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	135	60	70
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	35	85
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	100	60	40
Australian	0	0	0	85	55	25
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,325	...	...	41,580	...	...
Owner	3,135	...	...	33,625	...	...
Renter	1,195	...	...	7,895	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
Condominium	140	...	...	845	...	...
Not condominium	4,185	...	...	40,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	530	...	...	2,365	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,055	...	...	8,440	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,540	...	...	18,835	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,200	...	...	11,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,135	...	...	4,360	...	...
5 rooms	635	...	...	4,890	...	...
6 rooms	520	...	...	6,635	...	...
7 rooms	560	...	...	7,275	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,470	...	...	18,425	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,310	...	...	41,385	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
Suitable	4,265	...	...	40,465	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,325	...	...	41,580	...	...
1960 or before	1,405	...	...	15,490	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,190	...	...	11,235	...	...
1981 to 1990	450	...	...	4,550	...	...
1991 to 2000	195	...	...	4,605	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	2,045	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	2,090	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,055	...	...	38,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	3,255	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,330	...	...	41,585	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,825	...	...	23,725	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,480	...	...	17,500	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,325	...	...	41,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	735	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	4,420	...	...
35 to 44 years	685	...	...	6,040	...	...
45 to 54 years	880	...	...	8,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	965	...	...	9,430	...	...
65 to 74 years	625	...	...	7,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	355	...	...	3,825	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	1,455	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,320	...	...	37,625	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,855	...	...	30,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	470	...	...	6,650	...	...
30% to less than 100%	455	...	...	6,060	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	30,095	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.2	...	...	57.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.1	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	943	...	...	1,116	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,291	...	...	249,868	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	175,885	...	...	295,636	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	7,580	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.6	...	...	13.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	36.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	582	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	615	...	...	796	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,120	4,085	4,035	85,100	42,235	42,870
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	750	730	18,300	10,050	8,255
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,780	915	865	24,580	12,375	12,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,860	2,425	2,440	42,220	19,810	22,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,635	1,120	515	7,630	5,845	1,780
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,155	725	430	3,190	2,050	1,140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	480	395	85	4,440	3,800	640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,715	730	985	22,140	8,895	13,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	70	170	1,340	565	775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,270	505	760	11,110	4,495	6,615
Bachelor's degree	955	385	575	8,010	3,105	4,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	55	830	295	535
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	20	355	215	130
Master's degree	175	65	110	1,660	715	945
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	260	160	100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,450	2,710	2,740	53,455	26,345	27,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	610	310	300	6,740	4,105	2,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	990	535	455	15,050	7,825	7,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,845	1,860	1,985	31,665	14,415	17,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	850	410	5,060	3,900	1,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	920	570	345	2,045	1,300	745
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	340	285	55	3,015	2,600	415
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,300	525	770	17,300	6,890	10,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	55	115	935	410	520
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,115	425	690	8,370	3,210	5,165
Bachelor's degree	845	330	515	6,085	2,275	3,815
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	585	200	390
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	20	260	135	130
Master's degree	150	55	95	1,295	535	760
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	140	65	75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,120	4,090	4,035	85,105	42,235	42,875
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,260	1,665	1,595	42,885	22,425	20,460
Education	445	50	395	2,585	610	1,970
13. Education	445	50	395	2,585	610	1,970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	35	945	330	620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	10	135	95	35
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	30	815	230	580
Humanities	185	45	135	1,690	620	1,070
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	100	0	95
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	360	80	275
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	25	90	410	155	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	90	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	290	165	130
54. History	15	10	10	265	115	145
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	125	10	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	75	235	4,555	1,070	3,485
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	70	10	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	220	80	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	80	1,635	110	1,530
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30	565	120	445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	90	20	65
42. Psychology	90	20	70	580	145	430
45. Social sciences	40	25	15	1,400	585	815
Business, management and public administration	1,010	245	765	6,885	2,170	4,715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	70	820	185	640
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	930	240	695	6,050	1,985	4,065
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	75	25	950	480	470
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	10	365	120	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	245	130	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	25	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	210	145	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	120	85	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	25	960	535	430
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	695	430	260
25. Library science	15	0	15	90	0	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	160	85	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,530	1,435	95	9,825	9,390	435
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	220	180	45
14. Engineering	195	160	35	675	595	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	360	335	25	1,880	1,710	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	330	325	0	2,545	2,505	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	325	10	2,900	2,855	45
48. Precision production	265	265	0	1,600	1,550	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	125	20	2,425	1,910	515
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	2,100	1,670	425
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	120	25	330	240	85
Health and related fields	535	90	445	8,095	1,145	6,950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	35	0	605	290	315
51. Health professions and related programs	480	45	430	7,380	780	6,610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	105	75	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	485	225	260	3,285	1,540	1,745
12. Personal and culinary services	235	20	210	1,670	275	1,390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	105	65	40	930	620	305
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	135	10	665	620	45
Other	0	10	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,445	2,710	2,740	53,455	26,345	27,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,600	845	755	21,790	11,935	9,855
Education	330	45	285	1,570	395	1,170
13. Education	335	45	285	1,565	400	1,170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0	30	770	250	520
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	105	70	35
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	30	665	180	485
Humanities	115	20	100	1,140	370	770
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	55	0	55
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	245	45	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	0	65	260	80	180
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	90	60	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	215	115	105
54. History	10	0	10	190	65	125
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	80	10	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	70	205	3,610	760	2,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	60	0	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	170	60	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	1,340	75	1,270
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	35	485	85	400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	60	10	50
42. Psychology	70	15	60	425	100	330
45. Social sciences	35	25	10	1,065	435	630
Business, management and public administration	845	180	660	5,435	1,615	3,820
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	75	635	120	515
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	770	180	590	4,790	1,495	3,295
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	45	10	685	340	350
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	270	100	170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	185	95	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	140	100	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	90	50	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20	825	430	390
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	610	360	250
25. Library science	0	0	10	75	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	125	60	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,175	1,090	80	7,225	6,840	385
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	195	145	45
14. Engineering	160	130	30	480	420	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	265	15	1,495	1,335	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	220	0	1,760	1,725	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	250	10	2,110	2,075	35
48. Precision production	210	210	0	1,180	1,135	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	100	20	1,870	1,445	430
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	1,580	1,235	350
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	100	15	290	210	75
Health and related fields	430	75	355	6,115	855	5,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	40	10	480	225	255
51. Health professions and related programs	375	35	340	5,560	575	4,980
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	85	50	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	180	215	2,410	1,110	1,305
12. Personal and culinary services	190	15	175	1,180	155	1,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	45	35	715	480	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	505	460	40
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,115	4,090	4,030	85,105	42,230	42,870
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,260	1,660	1,590	42,885	22,430	20,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,860	2,420	2,435	42,220	19,810	22,415
Location of study inside Canada	4,825	2,395	2,430	39,785	18,505	21,280
Same as province or territory of residence	4,755	2,360	2,395	38,380	17,785	20,595
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	40	1,410	720	690
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	30	0	2,435	1,300	1,135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	885	450	440
Philippines	0	0	0	40	0	30
India	0	0	0	30	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	515	295	220
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	10	10	15	0	10
Other	25	15	10	935	535	400
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,450	2,710	2,740	53,455	26,345	27,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,600	845	755	21,795	11,930	9,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,850	1,865	1,985	31,660	14,415	17,250
Location of study inside Canada	3,825	1,845	1,980	30,120	13,665	16,450
Same as province or territory of residence	3,770	1,815	1,955	29,170	13,190	15,980
Different than province or territory of residence	50	30	20	950	475	475
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	15	10	1,545	745	795
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	635	295	335
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	35
India	0	0	0	30	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	260	140	120
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	25	15	0	565	290	275
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,120	4,085	4,030	85,105	42,235	42,870
In the labour force	5,050	2,560	2,490	54,755	28,910	25,845
Employed	4,700	2,355	2,340	51,720	27,310	24,410
Unemployed	345	200	145	3,035	1,600	1,440
Not in the labour force	3,070	1,525	1,545	30,350	13,325	17,020
Participation rate	62.2	62.7	61.8	64.3	68.5	60.3
Employment rate	57.9	57.6	58.1	60.8	64.7	56.9
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.8	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,120	4,090	4,035	85,100	42,235	42,870
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,800	1,360	1,440	27,525	11,920	15,605
Worked	5,320	2,730	2,590	57,580	30,320	27,265
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,635	1,435	1,195	30,920	18,160	12,755
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,685	1,290	1,395	26,665	12,155	14,510
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.6	43.5	44.0	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,050	2,560	2,490	54,760	28,910	25,850
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	60	785	390	395
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	53,970	28,520	25,455
Employee	4,655	2,400	2,250	45,750	23,140	22,610
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	310	135	175	8,225	5,380	2,845
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,045	2,560	2,485	54,755	28,910	25,850
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	65	785	390	400
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	53,975	28,520	25,455
0 Management occupations	415	220	190	7,550	5,010	2,540
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	665	180	485	6,790	1,360	5,425
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	390	305	90	2,155	1,675	480
3 Health occupations	345	40	310	4,210	600	3,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	735	210	525	5,145	1,480	3,665
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	25	50	880	255	625
6 Sales and service occupations	1,115	450	660	10,620	3,885	6,730
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	910	820	85	10,390	9,780	605
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	25	0	2,740	1,960	780
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	280	255	25	3,495	2,505	995
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,050	2,560	2,490	54,755	28,910	25,850
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	25	60	785	390	395
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,530	2,425	53,970	28,520	25,450
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	25	25	5,350	3,790	1,555
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	195	150	45
22 Utilities	310	230	75	480	380	105
23 Construction	305	260	45	5,060	4,530	530
31-33 Manufacturing	585	515	70	6,530	4,805	1,720
41 Wholesale trade	150	115	35	2,095	1,560	540
44-45 Retail trade	630	305	330	5,260	2,400	2,860
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	230	175	50	2,640	1,925	715
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	30	640	280	365
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	80	1,695	495	1,200
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	15	610	365	245
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	110	75	2,215	1,020	1,190
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	55	75	2,010	1,100	910
61 Educational services	365	120	250	3,480	905	2,575
62 Health care and social assistance	710	90	615	7,080	905	6,180
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	25	1,055	455	600
72 Accommodation and food services	320	85	240	3,045	925	2,120
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	110	160	2,420	1,265	1,160
91 Public administration	420	205	220	2,070	1,245	825
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,700	2,355	2,345	51,720	27,310	24,410
Worked at home	90	40	50	5,560	3,300	2,270
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	135	100	35
No fixed workplace address	255	170	85	6,470	4,905	1,565
Worked at usual place	4,355	2,145	2,205	39,555	19,010	20,540
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,350	2,145	2,205	39,550	19,015	20,540
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,110	2,005	2,110	16,885	7,745	9,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	50	50	15,090	6,970	8,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	95	45	7,490	4,255	3,240
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	85	40	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,610	2,315	2,290	46,020	23,915	22,105
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,230	2,120	2,105	40,445	21,150	19,290
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	115	60	55	2,495	1,295	1,205
Public transit	55	15	40	205	100	100
Walked	145	85	65	2,220	1,015	1,200
Bicycle	20	20	10	255	175	85
Other method	45	20	25	405	180	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,605	2,315	2,290	46,025	23,915	22,105
Less than 15 minutes	3,180	1,660	1,520	15,405	7,320	8,085
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	475	670	13,475	6,870	6,605
30 to 44 minutes	125	70	55	10,665	5,630	5,030
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	15	3,945	2,270	1,670
60 minutes and over	110	75	30	2,535	1,820	710
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,610	2,315	2,295	46,020	23,915	22,110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	95	45	3,355	2,340	1,015
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	690	525	165	10,210	6,655	3,560
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,955	985	975	13,420	7,115	6,305
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	965	300	660	8,560	2,965	5,600
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	275	85	185	3,645	1,210	2,435
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	585	325	265	6,830	3,630	3,195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,445	2,765	2,680	59,180	31,090	28,090
Single responses	5,350	2,710	2,645	59,050	31,045	28,000
Official languages	5,355	2,705	2,645	58,920	30,975	27,945
English	60	20	40	58,665	30,910	27,760
French	5,290	2,685	2,605	255	60	190
Non-official languages	0	0	0	130	70	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	130	75	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	115	65	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	90	55	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	55	35	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	60	35	135	45	90
English and French	95	60	35	60	10	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,445	2,765	2,680	59,185	31,090	28,090
None	4,835	2,375	2,460	57,910	30,510	27,400
English	575	380	200	245	95	145
French	30	15	20	475	205	270
Non-official language	0	0	0	545	280	265
Aboriginal	0	0	0	75	20	60
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	470	260	210
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,540	4,845	4,700	102,185	50,935	51,250
Non-movers	8,775	4,470	4,305	93,170	46,605	46,565
Movers	770	375	395	9,010	4,330	4,685
Non-migrants	570	275	290	3,805	1,790	2,015
Migrants	200	100	100	5,210	2,540	2,665
Internal migrants	200	105	100	5,030	2,460	2,570
Intraprovincial migrants	185	105	85	4,805	2,340	2,460
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	15	225	120	110
External migrants	0	0	0	180	80	100
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,105	4,615	4,490	97,680	48,605	49,075
Non-movers	6,640	3,450	3,195	70,395	35,305	35,095
Movers	2,465	1,160	1,300	27,280	13,300	13,980
Non-migrants	1,710	815	895	12,560	6,150	6,415
Migrants	755	345	405	14,720	7,150	7,565
Internal migrants	745	345	405	14,170	6,875	7,290
Intraprovincial migrants	715	325	390	13,485	6,595	6,895
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	685	285	395
External migrants	10	0	0	550	270	280

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Lambton--Kent--Middlesex [Federal electoral district], Ontario