Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Kamloops, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Baie-Comeau Quebec [Population centre]			Kamloops, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Map : Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Kamloops, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	9,610	...	...	90,280	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,917	...	...	85,678	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,523	...	...	39,081	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,286	...	...	36,814	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	845.2	...	...	301.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.37	...	...	299.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	9,610	4,825	4,785	90,280	44,445	45,835
0 to 14 years	1,525	765	755	13,980	7,200	6,775
0 to 4 years	495	235	260	4,540	2,310	2,225
5 to 9 years	515	240	275	4,745	2,460	2,285
10 to 14 years	510	290	220	4,695	2,430	2,265
15 to 64 years	6,425	3,270	3,150	59,840	29,690	30,155
15 to 19 years	530	270	255	5,090	2,635	2,455
20 to 24 years	545	290	255	6,125	3,145	2,980
25 to 29 years	500	255	240	6,195	3,255	2,940
30 to 34 years	530	265	265	6,130	3,075	3,050
35 to 39 years	595	275	325	5,340	2,635	2,705
40 to 44 years	555	280	280	5,390	2,655	2,740
45 to 49 years	650	320	335	6,025	2,915	3,115
50 to 54 years	925	475	450	6,590	3,140	3,450
55 to 59 years	875	455	425	6,925	3,280	3,650
60 to 64 years	715	390	330	6,030	2,965	3,065
65 years and over	1,665	790	875	16,455	7,555	8,910
65 to 69 years	525	275	255	5,360	2,575	2,785
70 to 74 years	410	200	210	3,835	1,805	2,030
75 to 79 years	330	160	170	2,855	1,315	1,540
80 to 84 years	235	100	135	2,210	980	1,235
85 years and over	170	60	110	2,195	875	1,325
85 to 89 years	120	45	70	1,360	575	785
90 to 94 years	40	10	30	675	245	425
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	145	45	95
100 years and over	5	0	0	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	15.9	15.8	15.5	16.2	14.8
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.8	65.8	66.3	66.8	65.8
65 years and over	17.3	16.4	18.3	18.2	17.0	19.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	2.4	2.0	2.9
Average age of the population	42.6	42.3	42.9	41.9	40.8	42.8
Median age of the population	45.3	45.2	45.3	42.2	40.6	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,290	...	...	36,815	...	...
Single-detached house	2,340	...	...	19,100	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	675	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,440	...	...	15,490	...	...
Semi-detached house	330	...	...	2,795	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	3,060	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	230	...	...	3,605	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	805	...	...	5,955	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	405	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,285	...	...	36,815	...	...
1 person	1,365	...	...	9,960	...	...
2 persons	1,585	...	...	13,935	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	5,645	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...	4,895	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	2,385	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,480	...	...	87,340	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,085	4,060	4,025	76,300	37,245	39,055
Married or living common law	5,045	2,520	2,525	43,765	21,885	21,885
Married	2,590	1,295	1,295	35,060	17,535	17,520
Living common law	2,460	1,225	1,230	8,710	4,350	4,365
Not married and not living common law	3,040	1,540	1,500	32,530	15,355	17,180
Never married	2,130	1,205	920	20,350	11,255	9,100
Separated	65	40	25	2,350	970	1,375
Divorced	460	210	250	5,475	2,190	3,290
Widowed	390	85	310	4,360	945	3,415
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,845	...	...	25,410	...	...
2 persons	1,555	...	...	14,290	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	5,165	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	4,455	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	1,505	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,840	...	...	25,410	...	...
Total couple families	2,495	...	...	21,235	...	...
Married couples	1,265	...	...	16,885	...	...
Common-law couples	1,230	...	...	4,350	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	345	...	...	4,175	...	...
Female parent	235	...	...	3,230	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	940	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	21,235	...	...
Couples without children	1,355	...	...	11,675	...	...
Couples with children	1,135	...	...	9,565	...	...
1 child	515	...	...	3,950	...	...
2 children	460	...	...	4,180	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	4,175	...	...
1 child	205	...	...	2,615	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	1,215	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,650	865	785	17,520	8,565	8,950
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,285	...	...	36,815	...	...
One-census-family households	2,820	...	...	24,110	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,340	...	...	11,080	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,475	...	...	13,030	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	640	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,455	...	...	12,065	...	...
One-person households	1,370	...	...	9,960	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	2,100	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,515	4,785	4,730	88,860	43,690	45,175
English only	10	10	5	83,415	41,245	42,165
French only	7,030	3,370	3,660	15	10	5
English and French	2,475	1,410	1,060	5,015	2,250	2,770
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	410	185	230
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,515	4,790	4,730	88,855	43,685	45,175
English	115	70	50	87,525	43,050	44,475
French	9,390	4,720	4,670	865	420	440
English and French	15	0	10	90	45	45
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	385	165	215
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	120	70	55	905	445	460
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.5	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,515	4,790	4,730	88,855	43,685	45,175
Single responses	9,460	4,765	4,700	87,990	43,275	44,715
Official languages	9,395	4,730	4,670	79,925	39,420	40,510
English	120	70	50	78,935	38,940	39,990
French	9,280	4,665	4,615	990	475	520
Non-official languages	65	30	35	8,065	3,860	4,205
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	100	40	60
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	35	25	7,965	3,820	4,145
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	210	130	85
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	215	125	85
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	10	10	0	205	120	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	505	160	340
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	425	130	290
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	5,415	2,640	2,775
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	930	430	505
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	925	425	495
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Czech	0	0	0	50	30	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	185	95	90
Russian	0	0	0	215	85	130
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	245	110	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	1,455	670	785
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	30
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Dutch	0	0	0	240	110	125
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	5	1,015	470	545
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,590	815	775
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,535	785	755
Bengali	0	0	0	50	35	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	175	105	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,195	580	620
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian languages	0	0	5	45	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	1,370	685	685
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	915	480	435
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	70	80
Romanian	10	5	5	25	10	15
Spanish	10	0	5	280	130	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	200	65	135
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	220	105	110
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	70	35	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	25	5	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	900	475	425
Chinese languages	5	0	0	890	470	420
Cantonese	0	0	0	295	160	140
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	480	255	225
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	5	25
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	175	80	95
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	55	20	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	110	55	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	5
Multiple responses	50	25	25	870	410	455
English and French	45	20	25	175	75	95
English and non-official language	0	0	0	665	315	355
French and non-official language	10	10	5	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,515	4,785	4,725	88,860	43,685	45,175
Single responses	9,470	4,760	4,710	87,390	43,010	44,380
Official languages	9,455	4,755	4,700	84,370	41,515	42,855
English	80	40	40	84,185	41,425	42,755
French	9,375	4,715	4,660	185	85	100
Non-official languages	15	5	10	3,020	1,495	1,520
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	3,005	1,490	1,515
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	90	50
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	140	85	50
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	135	80	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	180	75	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	165	60	105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	15	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	1,735	845	890
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	200	100	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	200	100	100
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	5	5	0	10	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Russian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	225	115	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	160	85	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	895	445	450
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	880	435	445
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	90	55	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	725	345	375
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	395	170	220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	235	100	135
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Romanian	0	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	0	0	5	100	50	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	150	70	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	35	10	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	5	560	310	255
Chinese languages	5	0	5	555	305	250
Cantonese	0	0	0	160	85	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	345	195	155
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	50	30	20	1,470	675	795
English and French	30	20	10	75	35	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,370	635	740
French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,515	4,790	4,725	88,855	43,685	45,170
None	9,085	4,545	4,535	83,670	41,245	42,430
English	340	190	150	1,420	710	710
French	55	30	25	820	350	465
Non-official language	25	20	10	2,875	1,355	1,520
Aboriginal	5	0	5	130	60	75
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	10	2,740	1,300	1,445
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	15
French and non-official language	5	5	5	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,960	4,015	3,945	73,385	35,795	37,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,740	3,920	3,815	71,005	34,695	36,310
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,347	50,709	29,976	35,830	46,344	28,930
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,750	3,925	3,825	71,075	34,750	36,330
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,844	42,163	26,560	32,099	40,156	26,668
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,220	3,795	3,430	64,610	32,095	32,515
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,791	45,990	26,048	33,306	44,345	25,542
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,445	2,520	2,925	49,660	21,315	28,340
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,912	8,288	7,728	6,424	7,142	6,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,845	3,075	2,770	54,390	27,775	26,615
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,027	48,427	29,397	33,091	44,186	26,122
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,115	4,085	4,030	73,390	35,855	37,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,910	4,020	3,895	70,960	34,745	36,220
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,879	57,689	37,763	46,059	56,476	36,065
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,920	4,015	3,905	71,010	34,775	36,235
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,737	45,928	31,338	38,682	46,165	31,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,325	3,885	3,445	64,635	32,105	32,530
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,720	53,586	34,721	44,475	55,686	33,411
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,725	2,665	3,060	49,670	21,280	28,390
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,947	8,882	9,003	7,933	8,204	7,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,930	3,130	2,800	54,395	27,770	26,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,647	52,287	36,122	43,221	53,722	32,266
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,120	4,090	4,030	73,390	35,855	37,530
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,615	1,435	1,180	22,625	12,770	9,855
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,766	75,272	48,943	56,308	67,587	45,408
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,664	77,061	51,826	63,302	73,429	50,174
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.4	81.4	87.9	91.1	83.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.4	71.2	69.0	72.2	76.1	66.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.0	9.5	18.6	12.1	8.9	16.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	7,960	4,015	3,945	73,390	35,800	37,585
Without total income	225	90	130	2,385	1,100	1,285
With total income	7,740	3,920	3,815	71,005	34,700	36,305
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.6	96.7	96.8	96.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	265	510	9,055	3,635	5,420
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	295	775	11,715	4,320	7,395
$20,000 to $29,999	970	340	630	9,655	3,755	5,905
$30,000 to $39,999	1,030	525	500	8,520	3,605	4,915
$40,000 to $49,999	955	500	455	7,280	3,220	4,060
$50,000 to $59,999	725	430	295	5,670	2,935	2,730
$60,000 to $69,999	525	320	200	4,530	2,705	1,825
$70,000 to $79,999	475	285	195	3,615	2,275	1,340
$80,000 to $89,999	325	235	90	2,855	1,860	995
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	2,080	1,475	600
$100,000 and over	615	515	100	6,040	4,915	1,120
$100,000 to $149,999	485	420	70	4,545	3,685	855
$150,000 and over	130	95	30	1,500	1,230	265
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,960	4,015	3,945	73,385	35,800	37,585
Without after-tax income	215	90	125	2,315	1,050	1,260
With after-tax income	7,750	3,920	3,825	71,075	34,745	36,325
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.6	97.0	96.9	97.1	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	850	270	580	9,435	3,800	5,635
$10,000 to $19,999	1,125	325	805	12,335	4,665	7,670
$20,000 to $29,999	1,245	480	765	11,590	4,620	6,970
$30,000 to $39,999	1,355	750	605	9,815	4,230	5,585
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	605	440	8,100	3,970	4,125
$50,000 to $59,999	730	440	285	5,915	3,490	2,425
$60,000 to $69,999	565	375	190	4,435	2,855	1,580
$70,000 to $79,999	370	295	70	3,390	2,275	1,110
$80,000 and over	465	385	80	6,060	4,845	1,220
$80,000 to $89,999	190	160	30	2,075	1,590	480
$90,000 to $99,999	100	90	10	1,370	1,085	280
$100,000 and over	175	135	40	2,620	2,165	455
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	7,960	4,015	3,945	73,385	35,800	37,590
Without employment income	2,120	940	1,175	18,995	8,025	10,970
With employment income	5,840	3,075	2,765	54,395	27,775	26,615
Percentage with employment income	73.4	76.6	70.1	74.1	77.6	70.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	855	480	370	8,615	4,030	4,580
$5,000 to $9,999	430	175	260	4,025	1,635	2,385
$10,000 to $19,999	680	245	430	6,890	2,705	4,185
$20,000 to $29,999	540	195	350	5,925	2,520	3,405
$30,000 to $39,999	590	235	355	5,365	2,160	3,205
$40,000 to $49,999	520	240	280	4,755	1,995	2,760
$50,000 to $59,999	465	245	225	3,940	2,020	1,920
$60,000 to $69,999	350	200	145	3,240	1,940	1,300
$70,000 to $79,999	380	225	160	2,765	1,765	995
$80,000 and over	1,020	825	195	8,875	6,995	1,880
$80,000 to $89,999	275	200	75	2,290	1,545	745
$90,000 to $99,999	240	185	50	1,740	1,275	465
$100,000 and over	505	435	70	4,845	4,175	670
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,290	...	...	36,815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,728	...	...	73,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,114	...	...	64,591	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,365	...	...	9,960	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,319	...	...	35,004	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,071	...	...	31,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	26,855	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,635	...	...	92,326	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,734	...	...	79,803	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,571	...	...	88,784	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,926	...	...	74,615	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...	9,970	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,122	...	...	44,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,821	...	...	37,683	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,980	...	...	26,845	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,674	...	...	105,258	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,802	...	...	88,329	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,285	...	...	36,815	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	560	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,030	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1,360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	1,445	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,290	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	1,495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	1,440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	1,460	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	1,450	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	2,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	2,605	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	305	...	...	2,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	2,240	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	12,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	4,185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	3,120	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	375	...	...	3,445	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,285	...	...	36,815	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	580	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,050	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1,400	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	1,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	1,570	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	1,790	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	230	...	...	1,670	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	1,745	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...	1,745	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	3,350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	2,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	2,800	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	2,410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	2,230	...	...
$100,000 and over	910	...	...	9,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	4,125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	255	...	...	2,515	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	2,700	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,845	...	...	25,235	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,078	...	...	92,441	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,050	...	...	79,795	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,325	...	...	10,915	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,227	...	...	83,007	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,307	...	...	72,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	9,665	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,305	...	...	123,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,435	...	...	103,810	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	3,900	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,968	...	...	51,828	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,680	...	...	47,417	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,885	...	...	25,200	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,672	...	...	105,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,482	...	...	88,231	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	10,845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,147	...	...	96,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,055	...	...	80,416	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	9,675	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,061	...	...	133,285	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,437	...	...	110,460	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,872	...	...	63,072	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,635	...	...	55,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,550	815	735	15,530	7,670	7,865
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,151	44,186	26,864	30,184	32,547	28,333
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,302	36,301	25,163	27,332	29,261	26,147
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,565	805	760	15,340	7,570	7,770
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,743	47,628	35,505	39,979	43,853	36,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,794	38,564	30,798	34,123	36,795	31,520
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,485	4,785	4,700	87,340	42,990	44,355
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,125	1,985	2,135	40,285	18,930	21,360
In the bottom decile	380	170	210	8,785	4,270	4,515
In the second decile	580	215	365	7,420	3,220	4,205
In the third decile	1,030	500	535	7,700	3,515	4,185
In the fourth decile	1,085	565	515	8,010	3,835	4,175
In the fifth decile	1,050	540	510	8,370	4,090	4,280
In the top half of the distribution	5,365	2,795	2,570	47,055	24,060	22,990
In the sixth decile	1,190	620	565	8,950	4,460	4,490
In the seventh decile	1,355	690	665	9,275	4,680	4,590
In the eighth decile	1,130	600	530	10,065	5,145	4,915
In the ninth decile	1,070	570	505	10,590	5,460	5,130
In the top decile	620	320	295	8,175	4,310	3,865
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,485	4,780	4,705	87,340	42,985	44,355
0 to 17 years	1,825	925	900	16,835	8,675	8,160
0 to 5 years	610	290	315	5,430	2,750	2,680
18 to 64 years	6,060	3,080	2,975	55,875	27,410	28,465
65 years and over	1,600	775	825	14,630	6,910	7,725
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	630	255	375	11,025	5,070	5,960
0 to 17 years	95	50	40	2,575	1,295	1,285
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	900	450	450
18 to 64 years	325	155	165	6,655	3,120	3,535
65 years and over	210	40	165	1,795	655	1,140
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	5.3	8.0	12.6	11.8	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.4	15.3	14.9	15.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	5.2	3.2	16.6	16.4	16.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.0	5.5	11.9	11.4	12.4
65 years and over (%)	13.1	5.2	20.0	12.3	9.5	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	120	130	7,150	3,570	3,580
0 to 17 years	35	20	20	1,465	760	705
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	495	270	225
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	5,365	2,680	2,680
65 years and over	25	5	20	315	130	185
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.5	2.8	8.2	8.3	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	2.2	8.7	8.8	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	3.4	1.6	9.1	9.8	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.1	3.0	9.6	9.8	9.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.6	2.4	2.2	1.9	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,645	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,350
Official languages	9,645	4,895	4,750	86,955	42,840	44,120
English	2,535	1,395	1,140	86,925	42,820	44,105
French	9,640	4,890	4,750	4,890	2,320	2,570
Non-official languages	190	90	100	10,650	5,115	5,535
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	395	190	200
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	65	30	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	110	50	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	110	55	50
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	85	35	50
Dene	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	200	90	110
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	180	70	110
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	190	95	100	10,260	4,925	5,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	0	235	130	100
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	230	135	100
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	190	115	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	15	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	575	200	380
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	510	165	340
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	45	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	60	90	7,160	3,495	3,665
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	895	480	415
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	880	475	405
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Croatian	0	0	0	125	50	70
Czech	0	0	0	55	35	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	190	100	90
Russian	0	0	0	260	125	135
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	180	105	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	10	10	0	1,835	785	1,055
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	45
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dutch	10	10	0	230	90	140
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	10	1,450	605	845
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	70	30	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	90	60	35
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	1,965	1,010	960
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,915	975	940
Bengali	0	0	0	40	30	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hindi	0	0	0	540	295	245
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	715	765
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	130	90	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	60	80	2,550	1,255	1,290
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	1,095	560	540
Portuguese	10	10	0	235	125	110
Romanian	0	10	0	50	35	20
Spanish	120	50	70	1,215	560	650
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	465	170	290
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	175	70	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	135	85	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	25	20	10
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	20	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	170	60	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	95	25	70
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	980	520	455
Chinese languages	0	0	0	975	520	455
Cantonese	0	0	0	380	190	190
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	630	350	280
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	65	20	50
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	70	20	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	195	85	110
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	75	35	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	110	55	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,645	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,355
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,610	4,875	4,735	83,995	41,335	42,660
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,840	965	875	16,605	8,555	8,055
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,775	3,915	3,860	67,385	32,780	34,605
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	15	3,345	1,655	1,690
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,645	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,350
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,550	4,835	4,720	77,770	38,395	39,380
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	80	60	20	8,315	3,885	4,425
Before 1981	25	25	0	4,170	1,960	2,205
1981 to 1990	10	10	0	820	380	445
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	985	460	530
2001 to 2010	25	15	10	1,290	600	690
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	505	200	300
2006 to 2010	20	15	10	790	395	390
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	0	1,045	490	555
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	1,255	700	555
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	80	65	20	8,315	3,885	4,425
Under 5 years	15	10	0	975	490	485
5 to 14 years	15	10	10	1,680	855	825
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	2,085	925	1,155
25 to 44 years	40	25	15	3,050	1,395	1,655
45 years and over	0	0	0	535	225	310
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	65	20	8,315	3,890	4,425
Americas	0	0	0	1,190	520	670
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	40	20	20
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mexico	0	0	0	110	40	75
Peru	0	0	0	30	15	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	755	320	430
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	165	75	85
Europe	25	25	10	4,125	2,035	2,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	10	15
Croatia	0	0	0	105	50	50
France	10	10	10	35	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	580	250	325
Greece	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Italy	10	0	0	605	295	305
Netherlands	0	0	0	195	75	120
Poland	0	0	0	165	70	85
Portugal	0	0	0	100	45	50
Romania	10	10	0	55	20	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	50	20	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,580	820	760
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	460	255	210
Africa	25	15	10	295	125	165
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	30	15	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	140	65	80
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	100	50	60
Asia	30	20	10	2,445	1,075	1,370
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	295	150	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	65	15	45
India	0	0	0	845	410	435
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	40	20	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	125	25	95
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	135	55	80
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	40	35
Philippines	10	10	0	485	165	325
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	75	45	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	90	35	55
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	185	90	95
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	260	130	130
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	1,040	485	555
Americas	0	0	0	170	100	70
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0	60	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	0	0	10	160	70	90
France	0	0	10	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	20	35
Africa	10	0	0	50	10	40
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	15
Asia	0	0	0	620	285	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	105	50	50
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	160	85	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	25	0
Philippines	0	0	0	195	60	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	30	20
Australia	0	0	0	30	0	20
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,645	4,890	4,745	87,340	42,990	44,355
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	60	35	10,020	4,820	5,195
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	125	55	70	16,265	7,805	8,460
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,425	4,780	4,645	61,050	30,355	30,700
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	65	40	20	4,305	2,010	2,295
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	20	10	2,180	1,070	1,110
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	15	10	860	505	355
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	10	0	1,330	570	755
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	20	10	1,805	760	1,045
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	295	160	135
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,645	4,890	4,750	87,340	42,990	44,350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	245	125	125	8,600	4,100	4,500
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	240	120	120	8,340	3,970	4,370
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	45	45	4,830	2,225	2,605
Métis	155	75	80	3,495	1,735	1,760
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	215	105	115
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,400	4,770	4,630	78,740	38,890	39,855
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,640	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	65	30	35	3,740	1,760	1,980
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,580	4,865	4,715	83,600	41,225	42,375
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,640	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,990	44,350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	190	90	105	2,180	1,060	1,120
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	175	80	95	2,125	1,045	1,080
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	110	55	60	1,800	875	925
Métis single ancestry	65	25	35	325	170	155
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	60	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	55	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	490	220	275	7,245	3,530	3,715
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	480	210	275	6,900	3,355	3,550
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	125	185	4,130	1,955	2,175
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	70	60	2,735	1,380	1,355
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	45	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	340	175	165
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	325	170	155
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	8,960	4,585	4,370	77,915	38,395	39,515
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,640	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	35	35	6,975	3,390	3,590
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,455	1,280	1,175
Chinese	0	0	0	1,220	625	600
Black	30	10	20	550	315	235
Filipino	0	0	0	675	240	435
Latin American	10	0	10	310	150	160
Arab	10	10	0	175	100	75
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	235	95	145
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	75	35	40
Korean	0	0	0	230	95	135
Japanese	0	0	0	820	340	480
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	55	30	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	175	90	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,575	4,860	4,715	80,365	39,600	40,765
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,640	4,895	4,750	87,340	42,985	44,350
North American Aboriginal origins	685	305	380	9,425	4,590	4,835
First Nations (North American Indian)	445	195	255	6,310	3,020	3,295
Inuit	45	15	30	60	25	35
Métis	220	115	105	3,450	1,740	1,710
Other North American origins	7,720	3,885	3,835	25,365	12,530	12,835
Acadian	50	15	35	50	30	20
American	35	25	10	1,850	825	1,020
Canadian	7,555	3,795	3,760	24,220	12,010	12,210
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	40	10	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	180	100	80	40	25	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	3,035	1,535	1,505	68,990	33,760	35,230
British Isles origins	830	425	410	48,180	23,385	24,795
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	10	0
English	180	85	90	29,900	14,140	15,760
Irish	495	250	245	17,570	8,430	9,140
Manx	0	0	0	30	15	10
Scottish	175	95	80	22,025	10,785	11,240
Welsh	0	0	0	2,945	1,455	1,485
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	2,505	1,165	1,340
French origins	2,300	1,165	1,135	10,840	5,320	5,525
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	20	0	15	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,280	1,160	1,120	10,840	5,320	5,520
Western European origins (except French origins)	130	60	70	21,895	10,720	11,175
Austrian	0	0	0	1,320	670	650
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	45	20	20	540	250	290
Dutch	0	0	0	4,755	2,285	2,465
Flemish	0	0	10	50	40	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	75	30	40	16,390	8,005	8,385
Luxembourger	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swiss	10	10	0	725	380	340
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	9,595	4,555	5,040
Danish	0	0	0	1,330	615	715
Finnish	0	0	0	895	405	490
Icelandic	0	0	0	605	305	300
Norwegian	10	0	0	3,985	1,900	2,085
Swedish	10	0	10	3,260	1,510	1,750
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	445	230	210
Eastern European origins	20	20	0	14,045	6,985	7,060
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	380	195	185
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	250	135	115
Estonian	0	0	0	110	50	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,300	655	645
Latvian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	3,590	1,700	1,885
Romanian	0	10	0	670	305	370
Russian	0	10	0	2,825	1,335	1,490
Slovak	0	0	0	195	85	110
Ukrainian	0	0	0	6,825	3,425	3,405
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	50	35	15
Southern European origins	135	60	75	7,740	3,830	3,915
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	25	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	390	200	190
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	355	180	175
Italian	115	50	65	5,505	2,755	2,745
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	0	15
Portuguese	10	0	0	695	325	370
Serbian	0	0	0	120	55	60
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	125	75	55
Spanish	15	0	10	675	295	385
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	175	75	105
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	75	25	45	795	400	390
Basque	15	10	10	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	230	110	125
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	15	40	530	275	255
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	235	115	120
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	0	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	95	55	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	10	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	865	455	415
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	65	45	25
Chilean	10	0	10	55	30	25
Colombian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	20	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	465	240	225
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	10
African origins	45	20	30	715	395	325
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	175	105	70
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	10	10	35	15	20
Algerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	235	110	120
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	130	50	80
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	15	10	10	295	175	120
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	35	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	240	150	90
Asian origins	45	25	20	6,625	3,170	3,455
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	10	20	465	255	205
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	45	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	10	85	45	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	115	50	65
Palestinian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Syrian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	30	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	50	25	25
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,585	1,320	1,265
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	20	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,220	1,110	1,110
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	20	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	100	70	25
Punjabi	0	0	0	245	130	110
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	60	30	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	3,620	1,605	2,020
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese	10	0	0	1,415	700	720
Filipino	10	0	10	815	305	505
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	930	390	535
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	230	95	135
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Thai	0	0	0	70	15	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	65	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oceania origins	0	0	0	530	265	265
Australian	0	0	0	310	145	160
New Zealander	0	0	0	195	115	75
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	25	0	25
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,325	...	...	36,810	...	...
Owner	3,135	...	...	26,500	...	...
Renter	1,195	...	...	10,315	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
Condominium	140	...	...	6,310	...	...
Not condominium	4,185	...	...	30,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	210	...	...
1 bedroom	530	...	...	3,960	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,055	...	...	8,260	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,540	...	...	11,175	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,200	...	...	13,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,135	...	...	8,500	...	...
5 rooms	635	...	...	4,920	...	...
6 rooms	520	...	...	4,990	...	...
7 rooms	560	...	...	4,795	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,470	...	...	13,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,310	...	...	36,580	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
Suitable	4,265	...	...	35,755	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
1960 or before	1,405	...	...	4,505	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,190	...	...	15,365	...	...
1981 to 1990	450	...	...	4,355	...	...
1991 to 2000	195	...	...	5,995	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	1,765	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	2,815	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,055	...	...	34,720	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	2,095	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,330	...	...	36,815	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,825	...	...	20,990	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,480	...	...	14,660	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,325	...	...	36,815	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	1,575	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	5,560	...	...
35 to 44 years	685	...	...	5,600	...	...
45 to 54 years	880	...	...	7,085	...	...
55 to 64 years	965	...	...	7,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	625	...	...	5,460	...	...
75 to 84 years	355	...	...	3,130	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,320	...	...	36,690	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,855	...	...	28,255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	470	...	...	8,440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	455	...	...	7,345	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	26,420	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.2	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.1	...	...	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	1,178	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	943	...	...	1,240	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,291	...	...	370,530	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	175,885	...	...	390,396	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	10,315	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.6	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	46.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	582	...	...	969	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	615	...	...	1,031	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,120	4,085	4,035	73,385	35,855	37,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	750	730	11,345	5,845	5,495
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,780	915	865	23,300	11,280	12,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,860	2,425	2,440	38,750	18,735	20,015
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,635	1,120	515	8,665	6,840	1,825
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,155	725	430	3,230	1,975	1,255
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	480	395	85	5,435	4,870	570
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,715	730	985	13,615	4,910	8,705
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	70	170	3,485	1,200	2,280
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,270	505	760	12,985	5,780	7,205
Bachelor's degree	955	385	575	8,760	3,730	5,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	55	1,115	495	625
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	20	395	285	110
Master's degree	175	65	110	2,305	1,030	1,275
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	415	240	175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,450	2,710	2,740	47,605	23,235	24,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	610	310	300	4,115	2,320	1,795
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	990	535	455	14,070	6,945	7,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,845	1,860	1,985	29,420	13,965	15,455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	850	410	5,975	4,830	1,140
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	920	570	345	2,135	1,320	815
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	340	285	55	3,840	3,510	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,300	525	770	10,455	3,765	6,690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	55	115	2,495	900	1,595
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,115	425	690	10,500	4,465	6,030
Bachelor's degree	845	330	515	7,160	2,965	4,190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	895	370	525
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	20	305	205	100
Master's degree	150	55	95	1,860	790	1,075
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	280	135	140
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,120	4,090	4,035	73,390	35,855	37,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,260	1,665	1,595	34,640	17,125	17,520
Education	445	50	395	2,960	740	2,220
13. Education	445	50	395	2,965	745	2,220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	35	840	395	450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	10	190	140	50
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	30	650	255	400
Humanities	185	45	135	1,625	700	920
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	115	35	80
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	480	160	325
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	25	90	435	180	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	90	50	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	280	160	120
54. History	15	10	10	195	110	85
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	30	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	75	235	3,265	965	2,300
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	35	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	275	90	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	80	710	80	630
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30	750	190	560
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	40	20	20
42. Psychology	90	20	70	525	140	390
45. Social sciences	40	25	15	925	445	480
Business, management and public administration	1,010	245	765	7,560	2,530	5,030
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	70	970	165	805
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	930	240	695	6,580	2,360	4,210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	75	25	1,180	675	500
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	10	495	250	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	285	145	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	25	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	350	275	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	45	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	25	990	605	390
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	810	525	285
25. Library science	15	0	15	85	20	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	55	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,530	1,435	95	9,155	8,650	510
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	125	100	20
14. Engineering	195	160	35	1,030	880	150
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	360	335	25	1,365	1,225	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	330	325	0	2,735	2,660	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	325	10	2,725	2,640	90
48. Precision production	265	265	0	1,175	1,140	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	125	20	1,260	820	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	445	210	235
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	120	25	815	610	205
Health and related fields	535	90	445	7,035	1,170	5,865
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	35	0	380	195	185
51. Health professions and related programs	480	45	430	6,540	890	5,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	115	85	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	485	225	260	2,865	1,490	1,375
12. Personal and culinary services	235	20	210	1,690	470	1,215
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	30	15
43. Security and protective services	105	65	40	465	355	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	135	10	660	630	30
Other	0	10	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,445	2,710	2,740	47,610	23,235	24,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,600	845	755	18,185	9,270	8,915
Education	330	45	285	2,015	445	1,575
13. Education	335	45	285	2,020	445	1,570
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0	30	640	300	340
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	130	90	35
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	30	510	205	300
Humanities	115	20	100	1,180	500	675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	75	20	55
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	350	110	245
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	0	65	315	140	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	200	115	80
54. History	10	0	10	145	75	75
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	70	205	2,705	745	1,965
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	35	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	240	75	165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	545	50	500
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	35	640	145	495
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	35	20	15
42. Psychology	70	15	60	430	105	325
45. Social sciences	35	25	10	785	355	430
Business, management and public administration	845	180	660	5,940	1,970	3,975
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	75	830	135	700
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	770	180	590	5,090	1,830	3,260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	45	10	930	510	420
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	415	205	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	215	110	110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	260	190	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20	845	515	325
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	705	460	250
25. Library science	0	0	10	60	20	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	70	35	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,175	1,090	80	6,735	6,305	430
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	100	80	20
14. Engineering	160	130	30	790	665	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	265	15	1,025	900	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	220	0	2,035	1,995	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	250	10	1,980	1,900	80
48. Precision production	210	210	0	795	765	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	100	20	1,055	650	405
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	365	155	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	100	15	690	495	195
Health and related fields	430	75	355	5,260	905	4,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	40	10	300	145	160
51. Health professions and related programs	375	35	340	4,870	705	4,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	85	55	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	180	215	2,110	1,120	990
12. Personal and culinary services	190	15	175	1,215	355	865
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	80	45	35	400	305	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	480	455	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,115	4,090	4,030	73,390	35,855	37,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,260	1,660	1,590	34,640	17,125	17,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,860	2,420	2,435	38,745	18,735	20,015
Location of study inside Canada	4,825	2,395	2,430	35,305	16,980	18,325
Same as province or territory of residence	4,755	2,360	2,395	28,630	13,580	15,050
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	40	6,675	3,405	3,270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	30	0	3,445	1,755	1,690
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	870	525	345
Philippines	0	0	0	235	70	165
India	0	0	0	395	235	165
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	495	275	225
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	140	55	80
France	10	10	10	20	0	10
Other	25	15	10	1,295	590	700
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,450	2,710	2,740	47,605	23,235	24,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,600	845	755	18,185	9,270	8,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,850	1,865	1,985	29,425	13,970	15,455
Location of study inside Canada	3,825	1,845	1,980	27,125	12,855	14,265
Same as province or territory of residence	3,770	1,815	1,955	22,425	10,510	11,915
Different than province or territory of residence	50	30	20	4,695	2,345	2,355
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	15	10	2,300	1,110	1,190
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	560	320	235
Philippines	0	0	0	195	60	130
India	0	0	0	260	145	115
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	255	125	130
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	110	45	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	25	15	0	915	415	500
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,120	4,085	4,030	73,390	35,855	37,530
In the labour force	5,050	2,560	2,490	47,825	24,875	22,950
Employed	4,700	2,355	2,340	44,215	22,700	21,515
Unemployed	345	200	145	3,605	2,175	1,440
Not in the labour force	3,070	1,525	1,545	25,565	10,985	14,580
Participation rate	62.2	62.7	61.8	65.2	69.4	61.2
Employment rate	57.9	57.6	58.1	60.2	63.3	57.3
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.8	5.8	7.5	8.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,120	4,090	4,035	73,385	35,855	37,530
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,800	1,360	1,440	23,240	9,990	13,250
Worked	5,320	2,730	2,590	50,145	25,865	24,280
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,635	1,435	1,195	23,095	13,070	10,025
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,685	1,290	1,395	27,050	12,795	14,255
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.6	41.7	42.0	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,050	2,560	2,490	47,825	24,870	22,955
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	60	710	340	365
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	47,115	24,530	22,585
Employee	4,655	2,400	2,250	42,400	21,705	20,700
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	310	135	175	4,715	2,830	1,880
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,045	2,560	2,485	47,825	24,870	22,955
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	65	710	340	370
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	47,115	24,530	22,585
0 Management occupations	415	220	190	4,325	2,520	1,805
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	665	180	485	6,560	1,710	4,855
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	390	305	90	2,620	2,095	520
3 Health occupations	345	40	310	4,035	770	3,265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	735	210	525	5,410	1,740	3,665
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	25	50	995	450	540
6 Sales and service occupations	1,115	450	660	11,905	4,800	7,105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	910	820	85	8,675	8,210	465
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	25	0	1,325	1,110	215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	280	255	25	1,265	1,120	145
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,050	2,560	2,490	47,825	24,870	22,950
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	25	60	710	340	370
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,530	2,425	47,115	24,530	22,585
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	25	25	685	505	180
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	1,620	1,460	160
22 Utilities	310	230	75	230	215	15
23 Construction	305	260	45	3,885	3,430	455
31-33 Manufacturing	585	515	70	2,530	2,000	525
41 Wholesale trade	150	115	35	1,250	990	260
44-45 Retail trade	630	305	330	6,115	2,785	3,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	230	175	50	2,595	2,110	485
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	30	685	410	270
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	80	1,255	465	785
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	15	755	395	360
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	110	75	2,730	1,385	1,350
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	45	20	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	55	75	1,830	1,015	820
61 Educational services	365	120	250	3,265	1,065	2,195
62 Health care and social assistance	710	90	615	6,685	1,065	5,625
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	25	1,290	670	620
72 Accommodation and food services	320	85	240	4,595	1,985	2,610
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	110	160	2,360	1,060	1,295
91 Public administration	420	205	220	2,705	1,495	1,210
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,700	2,355	2,345	44,220	22,700	21,515
Worked at home	90	40	50	2,145	850	1,290
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	70	55	25
No fixed workplace address	255	170	85	5,880	4,535	1,340
Worked at usual place	4,355	2,145	2,205	36,125	17,265	18,860
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,350	2,145	2,205	36,125	17,265	18,860
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,110	2,005	2,110	30,985	13,440	17,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	50	50	4,130	3,095	1,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	95	45	645	450	195
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	365	290	75
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,610	2,315	2,290	42,000	21,795	20,205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,230	2,120	2,105	33,615	17,505	16,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	115	60	55	2,770	1,400	1,370
Public transit	55	15	40	1,895	775	1,125
Walked	145	85	65	2,320	1,125	1,195
Bicycle	20	20	10	515	380	135
Other method	45	20	25	885	610	275
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,605	2,315	2,290	42,000	21,795	20,200
Less than 15 minutes	3,180	1,660	1,520	17,690	8,475	9,215
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	475	670	18,185	9,135	9,045
30 to 44 minutes	125	70	55	2,870	1,705	1,165
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	15	1,210	900	310
60 minutes and over	110	75	30	2,050	1,585	465
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,610	2,315	2,295	42,000	21,795	20,205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	95	45	2,560	1,940	625
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	690	525	165	7,155	4,805	2,355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,955	985	975	11,850	6,005	5,850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	965	300	660	8,805	3,480	5,325
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	275	85	185	4,165	1,535	2,630
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	585	325	265	7,460	4,040	3,420
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,445	2,765	2,680	51,935	26,710	25,225
Single responses	5,350	2,710	2,645	51,810	26,665	25,150
Official languages	5,355	2,705	2,645	51,630	26,545	25,085
English	60	20	40	51,520	26,520	24,995
French	5,290	2,685	2,605	115	20	85
Non-official languages	0	0	0	185	115	65
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	180	115	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	80	40	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	35	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	55	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	30	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	20	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	60	35	125	50	80
English and French	95	60	35	30	25	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	90	25	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,445	2,765	2,680	51,935	26,710	25,230
None	4,835	2,375	2,460	51,070	26,355	24,720
English	575	380	200	165	70	95
French	30	15	20	290	100	185
Non-official language	0	0	0	375	165	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	345	155	190
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,540	4,845	4,700	86,505	42,590	43,915
Non-movers	8,775	4,470	4,305	71,530	35,265	36,270
Movers	770	375	395	14,970	7,325	7,645
Non-migrants	570	275	290	9,830	4,695	5,140
Migrants	200	100	100	5,140	2,630	2,505
Internal migrants	200	105	100	4,640	2,385	2,250
Intraprovincial migrants	185	105	85	3,400	1,775	1,625
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	15	1,240	615	625
External migrants	0	0	0	500	245	250
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,105	4,615	4,490	82,895	40,715	42,180
Non-movers	6,640	3,450	3,195	47,290	23,150	24,140
Movers	2,465	1,160	1,300	35,600	17,560	18,040
Non-migrants	1,710	815	895	20,965	10,310	10,660
Migrants	755	345	405	14,635	7,255	7,385
Internal migrants	745	345	405	12,725	6,290	6,435
Intraprovincial migrants	715	325	390	9,485	4,675	4,805
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	3,240	1,615	1,630
External migrants	10	0	0	1,910	960	950

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Kamloops, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Kamloops, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Kamloops, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Kamloops, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia