Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Baie-Comeau Quebec [Population centre]			Chilliwack British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Map : Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	9,610	...	...	101,512	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,917	...	...	93,882^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,523	...	...	42,395	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,286	...	...	39,696	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	845.2	...	...	70.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.37	...	...	1,445.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	9,610	4,825	4,785	101,505	50,100	51,410
0 to 14 years	1,525	765	755	18,305	9,435	8,870
0 to 4 years	495	235	260	5,815	2,970	2,840
5 to 9 years	515	240	275	6,375	3,310	3,065
10 to 14 years	510	290	220	6,115	3,150	2,960
15 to 64 years	6,425	3,270	3,150	62,735	31,075	31,655
15 to 19 years	530	270	255	6,000	3,030	2,970
20 to 24 years	545	290	255	5,675	2,965	2,715
25 to 29 years	500	255	240	5,355	2,705	2,650
30 to 34 years	530	265	265	6,055	3,050	3,005
35 to 39 years	595	275	325	5,635	2,765	2,870
40 to 44 years	555	280	280	5,950	2,925	3,030
45 to 49 years	650	320	335	6,545	3,230	3,310
50 to 54 years	925	475	450	7,425	3,650	3,780
55 to 59 years	875	455	425	7,340	3,575	3,770
60 to 64 years	715	390	330	6,745	3,190	3,560
65 years and over	1,665	790	875	20,470	9,585	10,885
65 to 69 years	525	275	255	6,460	3,125	3,335
70 to 74 years	410	200	210	5,035	2,460	2,575
75 to 79 years	330	160	170	3,715	1,745	1,975
80 to 84 years	235	100	135	2,635	1,265	1,365
85 years and over	170	60	110	2,625	990	1,635
85 to 89 years	120	45	70	1,690	700	990
90 to 94 years	40	10	30	745	245	500
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	160	40	120
100 years and over	5	0	0	35	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	15.9	15.8	18.0	18.8	17.3
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.8	65.8	61.8	62.0	61.6
65 years and over	17.3	16.4	18.3	20.2	19.1	21.2
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	2.6	2.0	3.2
Average age of the population	42.6	42.3	42.9	42.0	41.1	42.9
Median age of the population	45.3	45.2	45.3	43.2	42.0	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,290	...	...	39,695	...	...
Single-detached house	2,340	...	...	23,490	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	270	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,440	...	...	14,715	...	...
Semi-detached house	330	...	...	1,360	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	5,045	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	230	...	...	1,590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	805	...	...	6,670	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	405	...	...	1,225	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,285	...	...	39,700	...	...
1 person	1,365	...	...	10,375	...	...
2 persons	1,585	...	...	15,020	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	5,400	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...	5,000	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	3,910	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,480	...	...	98,845	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,085	4,060	4,025	83,205	40,665	42,540
Married or living common law	5,045	2,520	2,525	50,020	25,115	24,905
Married	2,590	1,295	1,295	42,285	21,265	21,015
Living common law	2,460	1,225	1,230	7,740	3,845	3,890
Not married and not living common law	3,040	1,540	1,500	33,180	15,550	17,635
Never married	2,130	1,205	920	19,405	10,755	8,650
Separated	65	40	25	2,690	1,235	1,455
Divorced	460	210	250	5,735	2,330	3,405
Widowed	390	85	310	5,355	1,230	4,125
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,845	...	...	28,960	...	...
2 persons	1,555	...	...	16,110	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	5,265	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	4,805	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	2,780	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,840	...	...	28,960	...	...
Total couple families	2,495	...	...	24,405	...	...
Married couples	1,265	...	...	20,540	...	...
Common-law couples	1,230	...	...	3,865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	345	...	...	4,550	...	...
Female parent	235	...	...	3,555	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	...	...	24,410	...	...
Couples without children	1,355	...	...	13,310	...	...
Couples with children	1,135	...	...	11,095	...	...
1 child	515	...	...	4,030	...	...
2 children	460	...	...	4,435	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	2,635	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	4,555	...	...
1 child	205	...	...	2,800	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	1,240	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,650	865	785	16,235	7,645	8,595
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,285	...	...	39,700	...	...
One-census-family households	2,820	...	...	27,060	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,340	...	...	12,510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,475	...	...	14,550	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	930	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,455	...	...	11,705	...	...
One-person households	1,370	...	...	10,375	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	1,335	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,515	4,785	4,730	99,860	48,965	50,895
English only	10	10	5	94,865	46,805	48,065
French only	7,030	3,370	3,660	20	10	10
English and French	2,475	1,410	1,060	4,450	1,895	2,560
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	520	260	260
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,515	4,790	4,730	99,860	48,965	50,890
English	115	70	50	98,175	48,100	50,075
French	9,390	4,720	4,670	1,050	550	500
English and French	15	0	10	135	65	70
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	500	250	250
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	120	70	55	1,115	585	535
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.5	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,515	4,790	4,730	99,860	48,970	50,890
Single responses	9,460	4,765	4,700	98,890	48,540	50,350
Official languages	9,395	4,730	4,670	88,130	43,450	44,680
English	120	70	50	86,910	42,815	44,095
French	9,280	4,665	4,615	1,220	630	585
Non-official languages	65	30	35	10,765	5,095	5,670
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	95	40	55
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	20	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	35	25	10,665	5,055	5,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	150	85	65
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	150	80	70
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Arabic	10	10	0	110	65	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	250	125	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	250	125	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	490	180	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	400	145	255
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	8,045	3,860	4,190
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	890	395	495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	880	390	485
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	5	5	0	10	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Czech	0	0	0	85	40	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	220	95	125
Russian	0	0	0	200	75	120
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	195	90	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	5,060	2,395	2,665
Afrikaans	0	0	0	110	50	55
Danish	0	0	0	140	65	80
Dutch	0	0	0	1,830	895	935
Frisian	0	0	0	35	15	15
German	0	0	5	2,840	1,325	1,520
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Swedish	0	0	0	40	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	40	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	885	450	435
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	760	375	380
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	120	55	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	530	265	270
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iranian languages	0	0	5	125	70	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	120	70	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	1,085	550	535
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	120	70	45
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	55	70
Romanian	10	5	5	210	110	100
Spanish	10	0	5	635	310	320
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	40	75
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	415	200	215
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	30	20	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	765	355	410
Chinese languages	5	0	0	745	345	400
Cantonese	0	0	0	190	95	95
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	465	215	255
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	275	130	145
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	85	35	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	180	90	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	50	25	25	965	425	545
English and French	45	20	25	200	80	120
English and non-official language	0	0	0	735	325	405
French and non-official language	10	10	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,515	4,785	4,725	99,860	48,970	50,890
Single responses	9,470	4,760	4,710	98,125	48,195	49,930
Official languages	9,455	4,755	4,700	94,925	46,615	48,315
English	80	40	40	94,695	46,505	48,185
French	9,375	4,715	4,660	230	105	125
Non-official languages	15	5	10	3,205	1,585	1,615
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	3,200	1,585	1,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	45	40
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	170	85	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	80	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	160	80	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	1,800	885	910
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	205	100	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	200	100	100
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	55	30	30
Russian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	630	290	340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	180	85	95
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	375	175	205
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	525	255	265
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	445	215	230
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	330	155	170
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	410	225	185
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	5	5
Romanian	0	5	5	100	55	50
Spanish	0	0	5	285	165	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	330	165	160
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	5	485	240	245
Chinese languages	5	0	5	465	225	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	60	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	320	155	165
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	20	1,730	770	960
English and French	30	20	10	105	45	60
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,600	715	885
French and non-official language	10	10	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,515	4,790	4,725	99,860	48,970	50,895
None	9,085	4,545	4,535	94,315	46,430	47,885
English	340	190	150	1,405	675	725
French	55	30	25	595	250	350
Non-official language	25	20	10	3,455	1,575	1,885
Aboriginal	5	0	5	80	30	50
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	10	3,380	1,545	1,835
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	40	20	20
French and non-official language	5	5	5	30	10	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,960	4,015	3,945	80,550	39,100	41,450
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,740	3,920	3,815	77,615	37,805	39,810
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,347	50,709	29,976	31,679	41,259	24,905
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,750	3,925	3,825	77,700	37,865	39,835
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,844	42,163	26,560	28,798	36,328	23,631
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,220	3,795	3,430	68,855	34,465	34,385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,791	45,990	26,048	28,946	39,195	21,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,445	2,520	2,925	56,375	24,265	32,110
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,912	8,288	7,728	7,751	7,998	7,615
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,845	3,075	2,770	56,565	29,375	27,190
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,027	48,427	29,397	29,370	39,368	22,183
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,115	4,085	4,030	80,560	39,055	41,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,910	4,020	3,895	77,630	37,785	39,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,879	57,689	37,763	40,998	49,965	32,496
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,920	4,015	3,905	77,710	37,835	39,880
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,737	45,928	31,338	34,965	41,432	28,829
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,325	3,885	3,445	68,705	34,475	34,230
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,720	53,586	34,721	39,133	48,572	29,627
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,725	2,665	3,060	56,545	24,375	32,175
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,947	8,882	9,003	8,735	8,748	8,725
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,930	3,130	2,800	56,565	29,455	27,115
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,647	52,287	36,122	38,479	46,877	29,357
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,120	4,090	4,030	80,555	39,055	41,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,615	1,435	1,180	24,550	14,620	9,930
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,766	75,272	48,943	50,226	57,875	41,914
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,664	77,061	51,826	57,201	64,140	46,984
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.4	81.4	84.5	88.6	78.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.4	71.2	69.0	68.2	73.0	61.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.0	9.5	18.6	15.5	11.4	21.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	7,960	4,015	3,945	80,550	39,100	41,450
Without total income	225	90	130	2,940	1,295	1,645
With total income	7,740	3,920	3,815	77,615	37,805	39,805
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.6	96.7	96.4	96.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	265	510	10,665	4,075	6,585
$10,000 to $19,999	1,065	295	775	14,880	5,425	9,455
$20,000 to $29,999	970	340	630	11,565	4,560	7,000
$30,000 to $39,999	1,030	525	500	9,670	4,315	5,360
$40,000 to $49,999	955	500	455	8,005	4,040	3,960
$50,000 to $59,999	725	430	295	6,070	3,540	2,525
$60,000 to $69,999	525	320	200	4,450	2,965	1,485
$70,000 to $79,999	475	285	195	3,485	2,410	1,080
$80,000 to $89,999	325	235	90	2,790	1,900	890
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	1,950	1,380	570
$100,000 and over	615	515	100	4,085	3,195	890
$100,000 to $149,999	485	420	70	3,035	2,350	680
$150,000 and over	130	95	30	1,055	850	205
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,960	4,015	3,945	80,555	39,105	41,450
Without after-tax income	215	90	125	2,850	1,235	1,620
With after-tax income	7,750	3,920	3,825	77,700	37,865	39,835
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.6	97.0	96.5	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	850	270	580	11,120	4,315	6,810
$10,000 to $19,999	1,125	325	805	15,675	5,865	9,810
$20,000 to $29,999	1,245	480	765	13,485	5,460	8,025
$30,000 to $39,999	1,355	750	605	11,210	5,240	5,970
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	605	440	8,500	4,740	3,760
$50,000 to $59,999	730	440	285	5,995	3,865	2,130
$60,000 to $69,999	565	375	190	4,255	2,960	1,295
$70,000 to $79,999	370	295	70	3,135	2,135	1,000
$80,000 and over	465	385	80	4,320	3,290	1,035
$80,000 to $89,999	190	160	30	1,630	1,190	440
$90,000 to $99,999	100	90	10	940	730	215
$100,000 and over	175	135	40	1,750	1,370	380
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	7,960	4,015	3,945	80,550	39,100	41,450
Without employment income	2,120	940	1,175	23,990	9,725	14,260
With employment income	5,840	3,075	2,765	56,565	29,380	27,190
Percentage with employment income	73.4	76.6	70.1	70.2	75.1	65.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	855	480	370	10,215	4,685	5,530
$5,000 to $9,999	430	175	260	4,405	1,815	2,590
$10,000 to $19,999	680	245	430	7,665	3,055	4,600
$20,000 to $29,999	540	195	350	6,400	2,600	3,800
$30,000 to $39,999	590	235	355	5,895	2,710	3,185
$40,000 to $49,999	520	240	280	5,045	2,580	2,465
$50,000 to $59,999	465	245	225	4,160	2,505	1,650
$60,000 to $69,999	350	200	145	3,300	2,290	1,010
$70,000 to $79,999	380	225	160	2,680	1,885	795
$80,000 and over	1,020	825	195	6,815	5,250	1,565
$80,000 to $89,999	275	200	75	2,275	1,585	690
$90,000 to $99,999	240	185	50	1,515	1,130	385
$100,000 and over	505	435	70	3,025	2,535	490
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,290	...	...	39,700	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,728	...	...	65,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,114	...	...	58,155	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,365	...	...	10,370	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,319	...	...	31,418	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,071	...	...	28,514	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	29,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,635	...	...	81,369	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,734	...	...	71,526	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,325	...	...	39,695	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,571	...	...	80,171	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,926	...	...	68,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...	10,360	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,122	...	...	39,166	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,821	...	...	33,619	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,980	...	...	29,335	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,674	...	...	94,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,802	...	...	80,750	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,285	...	...	39,695	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	555	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1,715	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	1,885	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,590	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	1,890	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	1,930	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	1,785	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	1,770	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	3,320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	2,940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	305	...	...	2,830	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	2,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	2,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	10,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	490	...	...	4,225	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	2,685	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	375	...	...	2,595	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,285	...	...	39,695	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	590	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	495	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1,765	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	2,120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	1,920	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	2,275	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	230	...	...	2,195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	2,070	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...	2,040	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	3,845	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	3,370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	3,130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	2,720	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	2,145	...	...
$100,000 and over	910	...	...	7,805	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	3,685	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	255	...	...	1,975	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	2,145	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,845	...	...	28,390	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,078	...	...	80,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,050	...	...	70,788	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,325	...	...	12,260	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,227	...	...	71,300	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,307	...	...	63,249	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	11,205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,305	...	...	104,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,435	...	...	90,437	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	4,155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,968	...	...	45,619	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,680	...	...	42,569	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,885	...	...	28,410	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,672	...	...	93,882	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,482	...	...	80,004	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	12,260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,147	...	...	83,449	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,055	...	...	71,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	11,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,061	...	...	118,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,437	...	...	100,051	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	4,160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,872	...	...	54,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,635	...	...	48,406	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,550	815	735	14,080	6,690	7,385
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,151	44,186	26,864	29,128	31,974	27,308
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,302	36,301	25,163	26,641	28,688	25,569
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,565	805	760	13,945	6,540	7,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,743	47,628	35,505	36,963	39,514	34,709
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,794	38,564	30,798	31,865	33,133	30,743
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,485	4,785	4,700	98,845	48,525	50,320
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,125	1,985	2,135	54,555	25,885	28,675
In the bottom decile	380	170	210	10,660	5,035	5,620
In the second decile	580	215	365	10,880	4,860	6,020
In the third decile	1,030	500	535	10,830	5,080	5,745
In the fourth decile	1,085	565	515	11,080	5,405	5,675
In the fifth decile	1,050	540	510	11,105	5,495	5,610
In the top half of the distribution	5,365	2,795	2,570	44,295	22,650	21,645
In the sixth decile	1,190	620	565	10,575	5,315	5,255
In the seventh decile	1,355	690	665	9,725	4,980	4,755
In the eighth decile	1,130	600	530	9,455	4,820	4,635
In the ninth decile	1,070	570	505	8,610	4,440	4,170
In the top decile	620	320	295	5,930	3,095	2,830
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,485	4,780	4,705	93,585	46,010	47,580
0 to 17 years	1,825	925	900	20,970	10,760	10,205
0 to 5 years	610	290	315	6,715	3,440	3,270
18 to 64 years	6,060	3,080	2,975	55,775	27,200	28,580
65 years and over	1,600	775	825	16,840	8,050	8,790
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	630	255	375	13,895	6,280	7,615
0 to 17 years	95	50	40	3,770	1,890	1,880
0 to 5 years	20	15	10	1,240	640	600
18 to 64 years	325	155	165	7,625	3,410	4,220
65 years and over	210	40	165	2,495	985	1,510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	5.3	8.0	14.8	13.6	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.4	18.0	17.6	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	5.2	3.2	18.5	18.6	18.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.0	5.5	13.7	12.5	14.8
65 years and over (%)	13.1	5.2	20.0	14.8	12.2	17.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	120	130	7,310	3,485	3,825
0 to 17 years	35	20	20	1,985	985	1,000
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	630	320	315
18 to 64 years	190	95	90	4,915	2,320	2,600
65 years and over	25	5	20	410	180	225
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.5	2.8	7.8	7.6	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	2.2	9.5	9.2	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	3.4	1.6	9.4	9.3	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.1	3.0	8.8	8.5	9.1
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.6	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,645	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,325
Official languages	9,645	4,895	4,750	98,375	48,295	50,080
English	2,535	1,395	1,140	98,355	48,285	50,070
French	9,640	4,890	4,750	4,450	1,860	2,585
Non-official languages	190	90	100	13,245	6,140	7,105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	160	55	110
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	100	30	75
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	80	20	55
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	190	95	100	13,085	6,090	7,000
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	0	205	125	85
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	205	125	85
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	155	90	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	25	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	295	160	140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	295	160	140
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	645	210	430
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	610	195	415
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	20	25	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	60	90	10,010	4,660	5,355
Albanian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,155	530	625
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,150	530	620
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Czech	0	0	0	100	45	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	290	125	160
Russian	0	0	0	300	125	175
Serbian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	60	30	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	265	120	145
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	5,835	2,710	3,120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	155	80	75
Danish	0	0	0	115	45	65
Dutch	10	10	0	2,200	1,035	1,160
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	35
German	0	0	10	3,275	1,555	1,715
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Swedish	0	0	0	80	40	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	120	80	35
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	1,030	515	515
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	930	460	475
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	225	115	115
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	660	330	330
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	125	45	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	60	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	100	55	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	60	80	2,120	940	1,175
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	195	100	95
Portuguese	10	10	0	225	120	105
Romanian	0	10	0	225	120	110
Spanish	120	50	70	1,535	640	900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	195	75	115
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	495	260	230
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	80	55	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	20	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	95	30	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	20	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	850	405	440
Chinese languages	0	0	0	805	375	430
Cantonese	0	0	0	205	90	110
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	595	255	340
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	85	20	60
Lao	0	0	0	45	20	25
Thai	10	0	0	50	0	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	285	135	150
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	95	50	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	180	85	100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,645	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,610	4,875	4,735	95,290	46,795	48,490
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,840	965	875	21,500	11,055	10,445
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,775	3,915	3,860	73,785	35,740	38,045
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	15	3,565	1,730	1,830
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,645	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,550	4,835	4,720	85,105	42,020	43,085
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	80	60	20	13,265	6,250	7,020
Before 1981	25	25	0	6,695	3,165	3,530
1981 to 1990	10	10	0	1,320	655	665
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	1,785	805	985
2001 to 2010	25	15	10	2,280	1,035	1,245
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,010	405	600
2006 to 2010	20	15	10	1,275	635	645
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	0	1,180	585	600
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	475	260	215
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	80	65	20	13,265	6,245	7,020
Under 5 years	15	10	0	1,760	840	925
5 to 14 years	15	10	10	2,715	1,340	1,375
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	3,050	1,395	1,660
25 to 44 years	40	25	15	4,790	2,230	2,560
45 years and over	0	0	0	945	435	510
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	65	20	13,270	6,245	7,020
Americas	0	0	0	2,085	885	1,195
Brazil	0	0	0	55	15	40
Colombia	0	0	0	40	15	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	95	40	55
Guyana	0	0	0	30	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	35	25	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	180	60	125
Peru	0	0	0	40	10	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	40	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,165	485	680
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	345	160	185
Europe	25	25	10	7,715	3,765	3,950
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	30	25	10
France	10	10	10	70	30	40
Germany	0	0	0	1,210	595	615
Greece	0	0	0	35	30	0
Hungary	0	0	0	90	50	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	115	55	60
Italy	10	0	0	75	35	40
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,465	720	750
Poland	0	0	0	275	125	150
Portugal	0	0	0	80	50	30
Romania	10	10	0	185	90	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	210	105	105
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	45	25	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	150	75	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,895	1,390	1,505
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	750	345	400
Africa	25	15	10	485	245	240
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	50	30	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	20	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	35	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	250	115	135
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	90	50	40
Asia	30	20	10	2,670	1,185	1,485
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	380	185	200
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	115	45	70
India	0	0	0	390	200	195
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	70	35	35
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	65	15	45
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	350	185	165
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	45	25
Philippines	10	10	0	575	180	400
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	90	35	55
Viet Nam	0	0	0	190	95	100
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	305	135	165
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	310	165	145
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	1,185	585	595
Americas	0	0	0	230	95	135
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	170	65	105
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	10	0
Europe	0	0	10	230	150	85
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	155	105	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	15	20
Africa	10	0	0	65	30	35
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Asia	0	0	0	630	305	330
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	100	50	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	255	115	140
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,645	4,890	4,745	98,850	48,530	50,320
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	60	35	14,375	6,825	7,555
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	125	55	70	21,910	10,865	11,050
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,425	4,780	4,645	62,565	30,840	31,720
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	65	40	20	6,790	3,200	3,590
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	20	10	3,670	1,880	1,795
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	15	10	1,495	955	540
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	10	0	2,175	920	1,250
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	20	10	2,440	930	1,515
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	640	380	265
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,645	4,890	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	245	125	125	9,590	4,505	5,085
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	240	120	120	9,330	4,375	4,950
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	45	45	6,305	3,030	3,280
Métis	155	75	80	2,985	1,335	1,650
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	120	75	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	140	50	90
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,400	4,770	4,630	89,265	44,025	45,235
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,640	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	65	30	35	5,105	2,370	2,735
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,580	4,865	4,715	93,745	46,165	47,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,640	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	190	90	105	3,310	1,680	1,630
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	175	80	95	3,275	1,660	1,615
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	110	55	60	2,900	1,475	1,425
Métis single ancestry	65	25	35	375	185	190
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	35	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	490	220	275	6,835	3,075	3,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	480	210	275	6,595	2,980	3,615
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	125	185	4,190	1,895	2,295
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	70	60	2,350	1,050	1,300
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	55	30	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	235	95	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	235	95	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	8,960	4,585	4,370	88,710	43,775	44,935
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,640	4,895	4,750	98,855	48,530	50,320
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	35	35	6,445	3,065	3,380
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,385	705	680
Chinese	0	0	0	1,045	490	550
Black	30	10	20	735	365	370
Filipino	0	0	0	820	300	520
Latin American	10	0	10	585	265	315
Arab	10	10	0	95	55	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	545	300	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	130	70	50
Korean	0	0	0	540	265	275
Japanese	0	0	0	205	80	125
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	120	45	80
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	255	125	130
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,575	4,860	4,715	92,400	45,465	46,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,640	4,895	4,750	98,850	48,530	50,320
North American Aboriginal origins	685	305	380	10,145	4,760	5,385
First Nations (North American Indian)	445	195	255	7,365	3,490	3,875
Inuit	45	15	30	75	45	35
Métis	220	115	105	2,970	1,340	1,630
Other North American origins	7,720	3,885	3,835	27,180	13,560	13,625
Acadian	50	15	35	140	70	70
American	35	25	10	2,145	1,100	1,045
Canadian	7,555	3,795	3,760	25,595	12,760	12,835
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	180	100	80	45	20	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	10
European origins	3,035	1,535	1,505	79,425	38,825	40,605
British Isles origins	830	425	410	49,340	24,010	25,330
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	10	0
English	180	85	90	29,870	14,325	15,550
Irish	495	250	245	17,100	8,000	9,100
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	175	95	80	21,865	10,630	11,230
Welsh	0	0	0	2,750	1,275	1,475
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	3,130	1,610	1,520
French origins	2,300	1,165	1,135	10,420	4,830	5,595
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	20	0	15	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,280	1,160	1,120	10,420	4,835	5,590
Western European origins (except French origins)	130	60	70	33,420	16,410	17,015
Austrian	0	0	0	1,015	435	585
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	20	20	445	245	200
Dutch	0	0	0	13,660	6,800	6,855
Flemish	0	0	10	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	100	50	50
German	75	30	40	21,220	10,445	10,775
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swiss	10	10	0	650	270	385
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	8,660	4,265	4,390
Danish	0	0	0	1,745	920	825
Finnish	0	0	0	605	335	275
Icelandic	0	0	0	605	325	290
Norwegian	10	0	0	3,445	1,650	1,795
Swedish	10	0	10	2,630	1,165	1,465
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	355	200	150
Eastern European origins	20	20	0	15,365	7,450	7,915
Bulgarian	0	0	0	95	35	55
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Czech	0	0	0	480	210	265
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	265	90	175
Estonian	0	0	0	85	45	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,495	715	780
Latvian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Lithuanian	0	0	0	155	70	80
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	3,410	1,615	1,795
Romanian	0	10	0	755	400	350
Russian	0	10	0	4,450	2,270	2,185
Slovak	0	0	0	205	105	105
Ukrainian	0	0	0	6,300	2,940	3,365
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	80	50	25
Southern European origins	135	60	75	4,905	2,340	2,565
Albanian	0	0	0	90	35	55
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	270	125	140
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	380	215	165
Italian	115	50	65	2,610	1,190	1,420
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	470	235	240
Serbian	0	0	0	115	65	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Spanish	15	0	10	915	450	465
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	115	65	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other European origins	75	25	45	645	350	295
Basque	15	10	10	25	15	15
Jewish	0	0	0	230	110	115
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	15	40	370	200	170
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	490	260	230
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	30	20	15
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	55	30	25
Jamaican	10	0	0	240	115	120
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	1,430	665	770
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	65	30	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Chilean	10	0	10	115	50	65
Colombian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	35	0	30
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	75	15	65
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	50	25	25
Honduran	0	0	0	25	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	375	155	220
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	95	60	40
Peruvian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	175	90	85
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	75	35	45
African origins	45	20	30	920	455	470
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	100	50	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	10	10	160	85	80
Algerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	275	135	145
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	180	80	100
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins	15	10	10	410	200	210
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	335	165	165
Asian origins	45	25	20	5,485	2,570	2,920
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	10	20	350	185	165
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	10	105	65	45
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	15	10	10	75	30	50
Palestinian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	25	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,465	720	740
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,165	575	590
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	135	50	85
Punjabi	0	0	0	75	55	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	50	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	55	25	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	3,710	1,680	2,030
Burmese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Chinese	10	0	0	1,525	740	785
Filipino	10	0	10	910	335	575
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	20	30
Japanese	0	0	0	295	100	195
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	545	275	275
Laotian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	50	30	30
Thai	0	0	0	70	25	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	365	220	150
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	605	300	310
Australian	0	0	0	325	160	165
New Zealander	0	0	0	95	50	45
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	190	90	100
Fijian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Hawaiian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Maori	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Samoan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,325	...	...	39,695	...	...
Owner	3,135	...	...	29,820	...	...
Renter	1,195	...	...	9,760	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,325	...	...	39,700	...	...
Condominium	140	...	...	7,575	...	...
Not condominium	4,185	...	...	32,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,325	...	...	39,695	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	160	...	...
1 bedroom	530	...	...	4,030	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,055	...	...	10,745	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,540	...	...	13,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,200	...	...	11,685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,325	...	...	39,700	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,135	...	...	8,935	...	...
5 rooms	635	...	...	6,055	...	...
6 rooms	520	...	...	5,765	...	...
7 rooms	560	...	...	5,420	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,470	...	...	13,520	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,325	...	...	39,695	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,310	...	...	39,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,325	...	...	39,700	...	...
Suitable	4,265	...	...	38,380	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,325	...	...	39,700	...	...
1960 or before	1,405	...	...	4,885	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,190	...	...	9,715	...	...
1981 to 1990	450	...	...	5,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	195	...	...	8,145	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	3,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	5,445	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	3,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,325	...	...	39,700	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,055	...	...	37,405	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,330	...	...	39,700	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,825	...	...	23,230	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,480	...	...	15,415	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,325	...	...	39,695	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	1,005	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	4,845	...	...
35 to 44 years	685	...	...	5,955	...	...
45 to 54 years	880	...	...	7,745	...	...
55 to 64 years	965	...	...	8,090	...	...
65 to 74 years	625	...	...	6,710	...	...
75 to 84 years	355	...	...	3,970	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,320	...	...	36,505	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,855	...	...	27,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	470	...	...	8,975	...	...
30% to less than 100%	455	...	...	7,945	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	26,985	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.2	...	...	64.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.1	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	1,122	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	943	...	...	1,194	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,291	...	...	399,758	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	175,885	...	...	426,806	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	9,550	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.6	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	46.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	582	...	...	886	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	615	...	...	989	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,120	4,085	4,035	80,560	39,055	41,505
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	750	730	15,650	8,190	7,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,780	915	865	27,680	13,460	14,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,860	2,425	2,440	37,230	17,410	19,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,635	1,120	515	9,055	6,625	2,430
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,155	725	430	4,100	2,405	1,700
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	480	395	85	4,955	4,220	735
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,715	730	985	14,955	5,290	9,665
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	70	170	3,655	1,310	2,350
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,270	505	760	9,565	4,185	5,380
Bachelor's degree	955	385	575	6,145	2,600	3,545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	55	1,080	315	770
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	20	365	235	130
Master's degree	175	65	110	1,740	865	875
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	235	175	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,450	2,710	2,740	49,950	24,070	25,880
No certificate, diploma or degree	610	310	300	6,265	3,680	2,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	990	535	455	16,725	8,315	8,410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,845	1,860	1,985	26,960	12,075	14,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	850	410	5,960	4,370	1,590
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	920	570	345	2,695	1,570	1,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	340	285	55	3,270	2,805	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,300	525	770	10,960	3,815	7,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	55	115	2,665	905	1,760
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,115	425	690	7,370	2,985	4,385
Bachelor's degree	845	330	515	4,800	1,915	2,885
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	845	235	610
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	20	270	170	100
Master's degree	150	55	95	1,320	580	740
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	135	85	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,120	4,090	4,035	80,560	39,055	41,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,260	1,665	1,595	43,325	21,645	21,680
Education	445	50	395	3,195	820	2,375
13. Education	445	50	395	3,195	820	2,380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	35	1,040	475	570
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	10	275	210	65
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	30	765	265	505
Humanities	185	45	135	1,855	815	1,040
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	115	25	85
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	405	115	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	25	90	390	135	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	85	50	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	570	360	205
54. History	15	10	10	260	125	140
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	30	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	75	235	3,225	1,040	2,185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	45	20	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	165	55	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	80	880	75	800
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30	450	95	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	60	15	45
42. Psychology	90	20	70	585	190	395
45. Social sciences	40	25	15	1,050	585	465
Business, management and public administration	1,010	245	765	6,500	1,920	4,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	70	655	140	515
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	930	240	695	5,815	1,780	4,035
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	75	25	710	380	335
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	10	300	125	175
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	125	65	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	25	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	190	155	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	95	40	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	25	780	470	315
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	585	400	185
25. Library science	15	0	15	105	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	90	65	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,530	1,435	95	8,340	7,925	410
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	80	70	15
14. Engineering	195	160	35	720	665	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	360	335	25	1,130	1,030	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	330	325	0	2,450	2,340	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	325	10	2,600	2,505	100
48. Precision production	265	265	0	1,350	1,325	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	125	20	1,255	805	450
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	890	540	350
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	120	25	365	270	100
Health and related fields	535	90	445	7,010	1,135	5,880
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	35	0	395	180	215
51. Health professions and related programs	480	45	430	6,495	870	5,625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	125	80	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	485	225	260	3,315	1,630	1,685
12. Personal and culinary services	235	20	210	1,985	520	1,460
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	70	70	0
43. Security and protective services	105	65	40	555	400	155
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	135	10	675	610	70
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,445	2,710	2,740	49,950	24,070	25,885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,600	845	755	22,990	11,990	11,000
Education	330	45	285	2,110	500	1,615
13. Education	335	45	285	2,115	500	1,610
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0	30	780	305	470
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	175	105	65
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	30	605	195	405
Humanities	115	20	100	1,330	555	775
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	85	25	65
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	325	90	235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	0	65	320	110	210
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	350	225	120
54. History	10	0	10	170	65	110
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	70	205	2,645	795	1,850
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	35	20	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	135	40	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	715	50	665
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	35	370	80	290
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	50	10	45
42. Psychology	70	15	60	465	125	340
45. Social sciences	35	25	10	885	470	415
Business, management and public administration	845	180	660	4,740	1,345	3,400
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	75	540	105	435
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	770	180	590	4,190	1,235	2,960
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	45	10	500	225	275
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	220	75	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	85	30	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	120	95	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	20	640	390	250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	495	350	145
25. Library science	0	0	10	85	0	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	55	35	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,175	1,090	80	5,705	5,345	360
04. Architecture and related services	40	15	20	60	45	10
14. Engineering	160	130	30	475	415	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	265	15	780	690	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	220	0	1,775	1,675	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	250	10	1,750	1,680	75
48. Precision production	210	210	0	865	840	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	100	20	950	610	340
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	665	415	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	100	15	285	200	85
Health and related fields	430	75	355	5,175	880	4,300
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	40	10	310	155	155
51. Health professions and related programs	375	35	340	4,765	650	4,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	100	70	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	180	215	2,385	1,130	1,255
12. Personal and culinary services	190	15	175	1,450	380	1,070
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	80	45	35	465	325	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	445	400	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,115	4,090	4,030	80,560	39,055	41,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,260	1,660	1,590	43,325	21,645	21,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,860	2,420	2,435	37,230	17,410	19,825
Location of study inside Canada	4,825	2,395	2,430	32,790	15,095	17,695
Same as province or territory of residence	4,755	2,360	2,395	25,960	11,710	14,245
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	40	6,830	3,380	3,445
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	30	0	4,440	2,315	2,130
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,115	585	530
Philippines	0	0	0	280	75	200
India	0	0	0	80	40	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	900	540	355
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	150	65	85
France	10	10	10	30	10	15
Other	25	15	10	1,895	995	900
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,450	2,710	2,740	49,955	24,070	25,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,600	845	755	22,990	11,995	10,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,850	1,865	1,985	26,960	12,080	14,880
Location of study inside Canada	3,825	1,845	1,980	24,170	10,730	13,440
Same as province or territory of residence	3,770	1,815	1,955	19,775	8,620	11,155
Different than province or territory of residence	50	30	20	4,400	2,110	2,290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	15	10	2,785	1,345	1,435
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	705	330	375
Philippines	0	0	0	250	65	180
India	0	0	0	60	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	420	260	155
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	145	60	85
France	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other	25	15	0	1,175	585	595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,120	4,085	4,030	80,560	39,055	41,505
In the labour force	5,050	2,560	2,490	49,040	26,070	22,975
Employed	4,700	2,355	2,340	45,755	24,250	21,505
Unemployed	345	200	145	3,280	1,815	1,470
Not in the labour force	3,070	1,525	1,545	31,520	12,985	18,535
Participation rate	62.2	62.7	61.8	60.9	66.8	55.4
Employment rate	57.9	57.6	58.1	56.8	62.1	51.8
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.8	5.8	6.7	7.0	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,120	4,090	4,035	80,560	39,055	41,505
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,800	1,360	1,440	29,210	12,045	17,160
Worked	5,320	2,730	2,590	51,350	27,010	24,340
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,635	1,435	1,195	25,295	15,110	10,185
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,685	1,290	1,395	26,055	11,900	14,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.1	41.6	42.5	43.4	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,050	2,560	2,490	49,040	26,065	22,975
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	60	1,030	475	550
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	48,010	25,595	22,420
Employee	4,655	2,400	2,250	41,410	21,575	19,835
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	310	135	175	6,605	4,025	2,580
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,045	2,560	2,485	49,040	26,070	22,975
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	30	65	1,030	475	555
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,535	2,425	48,010	25,595	22,420
0 Management occupations	415	220	190	5,225	3,450	1,780
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	665	180	485	6,205	1,415	4,790
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	390	305	90	1,880	1,535	340
3 Health occupations	345	40	310	3,210	640	2,570
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	735	210	525	5,990	1,950	4,040
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	25	50	1,075	445	625
6 Sales and service occupations	1,115	450	660	11,055	4,420	6,635
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	910	820	85	9,240	8,720	520
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	25	0	2,260	1,515	745
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	280	255	25	1,875	1,505	370
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,050	2,560	2,490	49,040	26,070	22,975
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	25	60	1,030	475	555
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,960	2,530	2,425	48,010	25,590	22,420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	25	25	3,000	1,835	1,165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	330	300	30
22 Utilities	310	230	75	130	110	20
23 Construction	305	260	45	5,250	4,625	625
31-33 Manufacturing	585	515	70	3,945	3,140	805
41 Wholesale trade	150	115	35	1,295	1,040	260
44-45 Retail trade	630	305	330	5,600	2,545	3,060
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	230	175	50	2,135	1,730	405
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	30	545	325	220
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	80	1,170	340	830
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	15	725	340	385
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	110	75	2,115	1,150	965
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	60	35	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	55	75	2,560	1,495	1,060
61 Educational services	365	120	250	3,340	995	2,345
62 Health care and social assistance	710	90	615	5,490	850	4,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	25	790	430	365
72 Accommodation and food services	320	85	240	3,825	1,385	2,440
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	110	160	2,495	1,210	1,285
91 Public administration	420	205	220	3,210	1,725	1,485
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,700	2,355	2,345	45,760	24,255	21,505
Worked at home	90	40	50	4,110	1,980	2,135
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	150	100	50
No fixed workplace address	255	170	85	7,380	5,725	1,660
Worked at usual place	4,355	2,145	2,205	34,110	16,455	17,655
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,350	2,145	2,205	34,115	16,455	17,655
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,110	2,005	2,110	20,285	8,970	11,310
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	50	50	9,600	4,595	5,010
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	95	45	4,045	2,750	1,295
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	180	140	45
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,610	2,315	2,290	41,495	22,180	19,315
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,230	2,120	2,105	34,895	18,735	16,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	115	60	55	2,750	1,395	1,360
Public transit	55	15	40	725	340	385
Walked	145	85	65	1,910	915	990
Bicycle	20	20	10	575	410	170
Other method	45	20	25	645	385	255
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,605	2,315	2,290	41,495	22,175	19,320
Less than 15 minutes	3,180	1,660	1,520	15,145	7,005	8,140
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	475	670	13,080	6,545	6,535
30 to 44 minutes	125	70	55	6,680	3,825	2,855
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	15	2,230	1,450	785
60 minutes and over	110	75	30	4,350	3,350	1,005
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,610	2,315	2,295	41,495	22,175	19,320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	95	45	4,460	3,360	1,095
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	690	525	165	7,850	5,210	2,635
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,955	985	975	10,535	5,450	5,085
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	965	300	660	7,240	2,655	4,585
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	275	85	185	4,230	1,490	2,735
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	585	325	265	7,185	3,995	3,185
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,445	2,765	2,680	53,060	27,795	25,270
Single responses	5,350	2,710	2,645	52,840	27,660	25,180
Official languages	5,355	2,705	2,645	52,515	27,480	25,035
English	60	20	40	52,440	27,465	24,975
French	5,290	2,685	2,605	75	15	60
Non-official languages	0	0	0	330	180	150
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	325	180	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	30	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	25	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	95	55	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	60	35	225	135	85
English and French	95	60	35	35	15	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	190	115	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,445	2,765	2,680	53,065	27,795	25,270
None	4,835	2,375	2,460	51,835	27,215	24,620
English	575	380	200	205	100	110
French	30	15	20	290	155	135
Non-official language	0	0	0	705	315	390
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	690	315	375
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,540	4,845	4,700	97,720	47,930	49,790
Non-movers	8,775	4,470	4,305	82,005	40,190	41,815
Movers	770	375	395	15,715	7,740	7,975
Non-migrants	570	275	290	8,705	4,250	4,460
Migrants	200	100	100	7,005	3,495	3,510
Internal migrants	200	105	100	6,710	3,355	3,355
Intraprovincial migrants	185	105	85	5,465	2,720	2,745
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	15	1,245	635	610
External migrants	0	0	0	295	135	155
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,105	4,615	4,490	92,775	45,405	47,370
Non-movers	6,640	3,450	3,195	51,325	25,270	26,050
Movers	2,465	1,160	1,300	41,450	20,130	21,320
Non-migrants	1,710	815	895	22,155	10,755	11,400
Migrants	755	345	405	19,295	9,375	9,925
Internal migrants	745	345	405	17,900	8,655	9,240
Intraprovincial migrants	715	325	390	14,565	7,015	7,550
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	3,335	1,640	1,700
External migrants	10	0	0	1,395	720	680

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Baie-Comeau [Population centre], Quebec and Chilliwack [Census agglomeration], British Columbia