Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brandon Manitoba [Population centre]			Wolfville, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba Map : Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	48,324	...	...	4,195	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	45,624 ^r	...	...	4,269	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,274	...	...	2,585	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	20,077	...	...	1,972	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,706.4	...	...	649.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.32	...	...	6.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	48,320	23,215	25,100	4,195	1,870	2,325
0 to 14 years	9,200	4,700	4,505	390	185	210
0 to 4 years	3,230	1,675	1,550	130	65	65
5 to 9 years	3,095	1,565	1,530	115	60	60
10 to 14 years	2,875	1,455	1,420	145	60	80
15 to 64 years	31,665	15,455	16,220	2,655	1,240	1,410
15 to 19 years	2,890	1,435	1,460	250	120	130
20 to 24 years	3,620	1,715	1,905	600	270	325
25 to 29 years	3,810	1,835	1,975	285	165	125
30 to 34 years	3,735	1,865	1,865	165	80	85
35 to 39 years	3,500	1,730	1,765	170	80	90
40 to 44 years	3,185	1,590	1,595	155	70	90
45 to 49 years	2,665	1,330	1,335	195	95	100
50 to 54 years	2,955	1,395	1,560	285	120	170
55 to 59 years	2,830	1,355	1,475	265	130	135
60 to 64 years	2,485	1,205	1,280	290	120	170
65 years and over	7,445	3,070	4,385	1,150	445	710
65 to 69 years	2,215	985	1,225	315	155	160
70 to 74 years	1,550	670	880	225	85	135
75 to 79 years	1,280	550	725	220	90	125
80 to 84 years	1,020	415	605	145	55	95
85 years and over	1,385	440	945	245	55	180
85 to 89 years	795	285	510	140	40	100
90 to 94 years	415	115	305	80	15	65
95 to 99 years	155	45	115	20	5	15
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	20.2	17.9	9.3	9.9	9.0
15 to 64 years	65.5	66.6	64.6	63.3	66.3	60.6
65 years and over	15.4	13.2	17.5	27.4	23.8	30.5
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	3.8	5.8	2.9	7.7
Average age of the population	38.5	37.2	39.8	46.0	43.5	48.0
Median age of the population	36.2	35.2	37.3	47.4	42.8	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	20,075	...	...	1,970	...	...
Single-detached house	10,555	...	...	810	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	700	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,645	...	...	1,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	900	...	...	90	...	...
Row house	1,500	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	610	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,605	...	...	875	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,175	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	20,075	...	...	1,975	...	...
1 person	6,230	...	...	765	...	...
2 persons	6,880	...	...	770	...	...
3 persons	2,990	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	2,520	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	1,455	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	47,100	...	...	3,940	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	39,115	18,520	20,595	3,805	1,690	2,115
Married or living common law	21,790	10,920	10,870	1,805	890	910
Married	17,730	8,880	8,855	1,460	720	740
Living common law	4,060	2,040	2,015	345	170	175
Not married and not living common law	17,325	7,595	9,730	2,000	800	1,200
Never married	11,395	5,860	5,535	1,270	620	650
Separated	960	405	555	100	50	55
Divorced	2,455	885	1,570	275	80	190
Widowed	2,515	445	2,065	355	45	310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,965	...	...	1,035	...	...
2 persons	6,700	...	...	670	...	...
3 persons	2,755	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	2,435	...	...	140	...	...
5 or more persons	1,080	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,960	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total couple families	10,620	...	...	875	...	...
Married couples	8,595	...	...	700	...	...
Common-law couples	2,025	...	...	175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,340	...	...	160	...	...
Female parent	1,910	...	...	135	...	...
Male parent	435	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,620	...	...	875	...	...
Couples without children	5,325	...	...	570	...	...
Couples with children	5,290	...	...	305	...	...
1 child	2,125	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	2,200	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more children	965	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,345	...	...	160	...	...
1 child	1,375	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	625	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	350	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,910	4,665	5,250	1,260	515	745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	20,080	...	...	1,975	...	...
One-census-family households	12,375	...	...	1,020	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,130	...	...	565	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,250	...	...	455	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	295	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,410	...	...	945	...	...
One-person households	6,230	...	...	760	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,180	...	...	185	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	47,475	22,935	24,540	3,970	1,825	2,150
English only	43,795	21,240	22,555	3,395	1,595	1,800
French only	10	10	5	0	0	0
English and French	2,500	1,125	1,375	555	220	330
Neither English nor French	1,165	560	605	20	5	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	47,470	22,935	24,540	3,970	1,820	2,145
English	45,655	22,060	23,590	3,885	1,790	2,095
French	575	275	300	60	25	35
English and French	130	65	65	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	1,115	530	585	20	5	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	640	310	335	65	25	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	47,470	22,930	24,540	3,965	1,820	2,145
Single responses	46,790	22,590	24,200	3,915	1,800	2,115
Official languages	38,700	18,550	20,150	3,515	1,600	1,910
English	38,080	18,265	19,820	3,455	1,575	1,875
French	620	285	330	60	25	35
Non-official languages	8,085	4,040	4,045	400	200	205
Aboriginal languages	235	90	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	175	65	105	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	30	60	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	25	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	75	30	45	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dakota	50	20	30	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,850	3,950	3,900	405	200	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	395	225	175	25	20	5
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	360	200	160	25	20	5
Amharic	220	120	105	0	0	0
Arabic	85	50	35	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	30	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	375	180	195	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	155	160	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	35	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	20	5	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	5	5	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,945	2,490	2,455	200	85	115
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	910	415	495	40	20	20
Baltic languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	900	410	490	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	30	55	10	5	10
Russian	175	80	95	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	615	285	325	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	740	360	380	90	35	55
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	75	35	40	35	15	20
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	5
German	550	270	280	45	20	35
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,015	565	450	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	975	545	430	15	10	10
Bengali	20	15	5	0	0	5
Gujarati	580	325	260	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	25	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	110	95	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	95	50	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	5	5	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,245	1,130	1,115	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	15	0	0	5
Portuguese	30	15	15	10	5	10
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	2,170	1,095	1,075	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	155	75	85	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	140	70	70	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	45	50	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,540	775	765	140	80	55
Chinese languages	1,540	775	765	135	80	55
Cantonese	340	170	170	15	5	5
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,125	570	560	105	65	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	25	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	5
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	690	345	340	55	20	30
English and French	80	45	40	20	5	15
English and non-official language	540	265	280	35	15	20
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	47,475	22,930	24,540	3,970	1,825	2,145
Single responses	46,085	22,260	23,825	3,910	1,790	2,115
Official languages	40,740	19,530	21,205	3,695	1,680	2,015
English	40,580	19,455	21,125	3,675	1,670	2,005
French	155	75	80	15	10	10
Non-official languages	5,350	2,725	2,620	215	110	105
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,315	2,710	2,605	215	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	150	140	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	265	140	130	15	10	5
Amharic	165	85	80	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	35	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	30	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	190	100	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	80	70	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,075	1,575	1,495	75	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	405	210	195	20	10	15
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	210	190	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	5	0	0
Russian	125	60	70	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	260	140	115	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	70	65	25	10	15
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	45	35	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	755	410	345	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	740	405	340	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	475	260	215	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	15	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	75	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	10	5	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,770	880	895	20	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	10	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,760	875	885	15	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	60	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,385	710	675	100	60	40
Chinese languages	1,380	705	675	100	60	40
Cantonese	305	150	150	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,015	520	495	75	45	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	30	25	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,390	675	710	60	30	30
English and French	50	25	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,290	620	665	60	30	35
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	47,475	22,935	24,540	3,970	1,825	2,150
None	42,990	20,725	22,265	3,625	1,655	1,975
English	2,245	1,160	1,090	115	60	55
French	440	175	260	85	40	50
Non-official language	1,720	830	885	135	60	70
Aboriginal	210	75	130	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,510	755	755	130	60	70
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	20	5	5	0
French and non-official language	10	10	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	37,920	18,115	19,805	3,555	1,620	1,930
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,585	17,465	19,125	3,425	1,555	1,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,568	43,612	30,730	28,296	34,432	24,896
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,590	17,465	19,130	3,430	1,550	1,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,081	37,440	27,512	25,979	30,933	23,258
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,875	16,510	17,365	3,090	1,405	1,685
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,992	41,680	26,842	26,125	33,952	21,696
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,315	11,675	15,645	2,690	1,150	1,540
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,099	1,510	5,298	4,997	3,320	5,516
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,810	14,540	14,270	2,250	1,065	1,185
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,831	41,639	28,386	19,600	24,405	15,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	37,935	18,120	19,815	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,550	17,455	19,095	3,385	1,545	1,840
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,563	52,960	36,886	41,145	48,958	34,589
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,565	17,465	19,110	3,390	1,545	1,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,317	41,978	31,143	34,045	39,980	29,088
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,830	16,545	17,285	3,060	1,380	1,680
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,543	51,561	33,914	39,177	48,642	31,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,255	11,695	15,555	2,690	1,145	1,545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,954	6,109	7,590	7,255	7,514	7,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,815	14,545	14,270	2,215	1,050	1,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,179	50,450	33,751	34,733	43,071	27,249
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	37,935	18,120	19,810	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	14,000	7,895	6,105	765	450	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,250	54,435	42,872	52,546	58,109	48,282
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,902	64,792	48,984	62,941	70,561	52,092
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.3	92.3	83.1	86.6	89.8	83.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.8	79.4	69.0	55.1	58.6	51.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.7	7.7	16.9	13.3	10.3	16.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	37,920	18,115	19,805	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without total income	1,335	650	685	125	70	60
With total income	36,585	17,460	19,120	3,425	1,550	1,870
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.5	96.3	95.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,125	1,705	2,420	555	250	310
$10,000 to $19,999	5,545	1,970	3,570	695	250	445
$20,000 to $29,999	5,335	1,960	3,375	530	215	325
$30,000 to $39,999	5,140	2,235	2,905	340	140	195
$40,000 to $49,999	4,795	2,330	2,465	275	125	155
$50,000 to $59,999	3,280	1,870	1,410	240	130	110
$60,000 to $69,999	2,315	1,410	905	175	90	80
$70,000 to $79,999	1,770	1,115	655	160	85	75
$80,000 to $89,999	1,385	810	575	120	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	845	535	310	75	25	50
$100,000 and over	2,050	1,520	530	265	185	80
$100,000 to $149,999	1,470	1,070	400	190	130	55
$150,000 and over	580	450	135	70	50	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,920	18,110	19,805	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without after-tax income	1,325	645	680	125	70	55
With after-tax income	36,590	17,465	19,125	3,430	1,555	1,875
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.5	95.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,295	1,735	2,560	580	250	335
$10,000 to $19,999	6,035	2,185	3,850	735	260	470
$20,000 to $29,999	6,585	2,530	4,060	590	240	350
$30,000 to $39,999	6,620	3,065	3,560	420	180	240
$40,000 to $49,999	4,845	2,700	2,145	320	165	155
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	1,900	1,185	250	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	2,195	1,310	885	175	90	85
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	730	450	115	65	50
$80,000 and over	1,745	1,310	435	240	170	70
$80,000 to $89,999	645	465	175	90	65	25
$90,000 to $99,999	365	280	80	50	35	15
$100,000 and over	735	560	175	100	75	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	37,920	18,110	19,805	3,555	1,620	1,930
Without employment income	9,110	3,575	5,535	1,305	555	745
With employment income	28,810	14,535	14,275	2,250	1,065	1,185
Percentage with employment income	76.0	80.3	72.1	63.3	65.7	61.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,095	1,340	1,760	395	180	215
$5,000 to $9,999	2,165	835	1,330	360	130	235
$10,000 to $19,999	3,740	1,490	2,250	375	165	215
$20,000 to $29,999	3,590	1,485	2,105	250	110	140
$30,000 to $39,999	3,920	1,820	2,095	185	100	90
$40,000 to $49,999	3,395	1,770	1,625	130	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	2,275	1,360	915	105	60	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,750	1,135	615	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	1,445	920	525	95	50	45
$80,000 and over	3,425	2,380	1,045	265	170	95
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	690	465	50	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	690	455	240	35	15	20
$100,000 and over	1,575	1,235	340	170	125	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	20,075	...	...	1,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,634	...	...	53,362	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,855	...	...	47,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,230	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,269	...	...	28,698	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,663	...	...	26,624	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,845	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,258	...	...	74,825	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,945	...	...	64,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	20,085	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,081	...	...	70,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,111	...	...	58,601	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,210	...	...	740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,453	...	...	39,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,341	...	...	32,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,875	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,361	...	...	89,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,875	...	...	74,305	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	20,075	...	...	1,975	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	315	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	750	...	...	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	930	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	850	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	895	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	995	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	960	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	955	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,620	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,605	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,400	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,340	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,170	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,500	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,110	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,370	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,310	...	...	110	...	...
$200,000 and over	710	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,075	...	...	1,970	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	320	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	560	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	810	...	...	145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,090	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,010	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,180	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,190	...	...	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,160	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,065	...	...	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,035	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,640	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,095	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,535	...	...	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,785	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	935	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	815	...	...	110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,000	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,052	...	...	82,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,596	...	...	69,120	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,045	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,048	...	...	80,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,260	...	...	68,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,315	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,165	...	...	117,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,055	...	...	96,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,210	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,832	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,694	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,065	...	...	1,075	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,072	...	...	95,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,415	...	...	78,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,075	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,207	...	...	90,891	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,811	...	...	75,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,325	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,739	...	...	128,486	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,971	...	...	102,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,063	...	...	52,427	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,753	...	...	45,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,785	4,130	4,655	1,215	500	720
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,301	36,520	30,603	22,571	22,400	22,613
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,432	31,699	27,462	21,709	21,291	22,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,680	4,030	4,645	1,170	510	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,017	43,726	36,797	31,461	35,213	28,544
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,456	35,685	31,520	26,868	29,105	25,129
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	47,100	22,800	24,295	3,940	1,805	2,135
In the bottom half of the distribution	26,510	12,330	14,180	2,255	1,000	1,260
In the bottom decile	5,320	2,400	2,915	760	320	435
In the second decile	5,060	2,115	2,950	490	220	270
In the third decile	5,315	2,535	2,780	380	180	195
In the fourth decile	5,345	2,570	2,780	340	145	190
In the fifth decile	5,465	2,705	2,765	290	130	165
In the top half of the distribution	20,590	10,475	10,115	1,680	800	880
In the sixth decile	5,025	2,555	2,475	320	155	170
In the seventh decile	4,805	2,485	2,315	320	150	165
In the eighth decile	4,360	2,170	2,190	345	165	180
In the ninth decile	3,825	1,950	1,875	320	155	165
In the top decile	2,575	1,320	1,260	380	175	200
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	47,100	22,800	24,295	3,940	1,805	2,135
0 to 17 years	10,840	5,495	5,345	500	240	260
0 to 5 years	3,840	1,995	1,845	150	75	75
18 to 64 years	29,760	14,530	15,230	2,480	1,150	1,330
65 years and over	6,505	2,780	3,725	960	410	550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,480	3,280	4,195	900	390	515
0 to 17 years	2,560	1,265	1,290	130	60	70
0 to 5 years	1,010	495	510	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	4,135	1,795	2,340	635	290	345
65 years and over	780	220	565	140	35	100
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	14.4	17.3	22.8	21.6	24.1
0 to 17 years (%)	23.6	23.0	24.1	26.0	25.0	26.9
0 to 5 years (%)	26.3	24.8	27.6	30.0	26.7	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	12.4	15.4	25.6	25.2	25.9
65 years and over (%)	12.0	7.9	15.2	14.6	8.5	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,325	1,985	2,340	515	230	285
0 to 17 years	1,330	670	660	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	550	270	280	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	2,865	1,265	1,610	435	200	235
65 years and over	125	50	75	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	8.7	9.6	13.1	12.7	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	12.2	12.3	12.0	10.4	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	13.5	15.2	16.7	13.3	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.7	10.6	17.5	17.4	17.7
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.6	1.2	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	47,115	22,815	24,305	3,945	1,820	2,120
Official languages	45,960	22,245	23,715	3,925	1,815	2,110
English	45,950	22,250	23,700	3,925	1,815	2,115
French	2,485	1,100	1,390	535	175	360
Non-official languages	9,745	4,785	4,960	610	290	320
Aboriginal languages	450	175	270	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	325	120	205	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	175	60	115	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	25	25	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	35	70	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	70	95	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	145	70	80	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	95	35	55	0	0	0
Dakota	90	30	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,300	4,605	4,695	615	290	320
Afro-Asiatic languages	480	285	200	40	25	20
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bilen	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	440	260	180	45	25	15
Amharic	275	170	100	0	0	0
Arabic	160	80	80	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	60	40	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	230	265	20	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	15	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	465	215	250	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	85	100	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	140	70	75	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	85	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	45	15	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,945	2,920	3,025	330	130	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,010	435	575	45	25	25
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,005	435	575	45	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	120	50	70	15	0	15
Russian	320	140	180	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	740	325	410	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	925	435	485	165	70	100
Afrikaans	130	50	80	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	140	60	85	70	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	640	320	320	115	40	70
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,235	680	555	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,210	660	545	0	0	0
Bengali	35	25	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	655	355	300	0	0	0
Hindi	635	350	280	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	130	105	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	140	55	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,785	1,375	1,405	125	40	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	40	10	0	10
Portuguese	45	25	20	25	0	15
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	2,665	1,325	1,345	110	25	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	55	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	150	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	35	20	15	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	25	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	140	75	60	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	85	20	65	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	0	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,710	850	860	175	105	75
Chinese languages	1,710	850	860	180	100	75
Cantonese	350	170	175	10	0	10
Hakka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,335	665	675	160	100	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	25	10	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	50	55	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	47,120	22,815	24,300	3,940	1,820	2,120
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	41,800	20,170	21,630	3,645	1,670	1,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,800	4,990	4,800	500	260	240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,005	15,175	16,825	3,145	1,405	1,740
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,315	2,650	2,670	295	155	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	47,115	22,815	24,300	3,940	1,815	2,125
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	39,120	18,770	20,350	3,310	1,520	1,785
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,480	3,790	3,695	480	200	285
Before 1981	830	395	435	210	95	115
1981 to 1990	220	130	90	30	10	15
1991 to 2000	340	165	175	55	15	40
2001 to 2010	3,510	1,845	1,665	110	50	60
2001 to 2005	490	285	210	40	15	25
2006 to 2010	3,020	1,560	1,455	70	35	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,585	1,255	1,325	80	25	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	515	260	255	150	95	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,480	3,785	3,690	480	200	280
Under 5 years	660	350	315	60	15	40
5 to 14 years	1,435	725	715	80	15	55
15 to 24 years	1,280	630	650	70	40	30
25 to 44 years	3,730	1,890	1,845	205	90	120
45 years and over	370	200	170	70	35	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,480	3,790	3,695	480	200	280
Americas	2,295	1,125	1,175	75	20	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	405	225	180	0	0	0
El Salvador	905	480	425	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	10
Mexico	85	35	50	10	10	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	200	85	115	50	10	40
Other places of birth in Americas	615	270	355	15	0	10
Europe	1,335	660	680	255	105	150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	0	0	0
Germany	185	120	65	40	10	25
Greece	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	20	0	0	10
Netherlands	120	50	60	55	20	35
Poland	70	25	35	10	0	15
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	15	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	350	170	180	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	380	195	185	115	55	60
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	10	0	0
Africa	845	480	370	0	0	10
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	180	110	70	0	0	0
Kenya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	145	80	70	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	100	45	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	375	210	165	0	0	0
Asia	2,995	1,530	1,465	135	70	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,295	645	645	65	40	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	870	485	385	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	40	40	0	0	0
Philippines	460	215	245	10	10	10
Sri Lanka	20	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	25	10	15
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	60	60	35	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	10	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,585	1,255	1,325	80	25	50
Americas	705	295	405	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	70	35	35	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	10	0	0
Mexico	15	0	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	570	240	335	0	0	0
Europe	190	80	110	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	50	50	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	15	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	15	0	0	0
Africa	380	215	165	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	35	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	65	35	30	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	120	65	50	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	60	50	0	0	0
Asia	1,305	665	640	60	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	365	190	175	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	575	320	255	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	250	105	145	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	47,120	22,815	24,300	3,940	1,820	2,125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,255	4,185	4,065	670	325	345
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,555	2,630	2,925	515	240	270
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	33,305	16,000	17,310	2,755	1,250	1,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,685	3,405	3,280	285	110	175
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,475	2,820	2,655	200	85	110
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,030	1,490	535	70	45	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,445	1,325	2,115	130	40	85
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	865	380	490	75	25	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	335	210	120	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	47,115	22,815	24,305	3,940	1,815	2,120
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,495	2,980	3,510	155	70	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,390	2,935	3,460	145	70	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,675	1,610	2,070	70	35	30
Métis	2,690	1,310	1,380	70	30	40
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	15	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,625	19,835	20,790	3,785	1,750	2,040
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	47,120	22,815	24,300	3,940	1,820	2,125
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,605	1,605	2,000	45	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,510	21,205	22,305	3,895	1,800	2,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	47,120	22,815	24,305	3,940	1,820	2,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,615	1,195	1,420	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,495	1,155	1,340	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,010	915	1,095	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	475	235	240	15	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	120	40	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	115	45	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,825	1,785	2,040	210	100	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,540	1,685	1,860	205	105	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,615	725	885	140	75	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,910	940	970	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	280	105	180	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	285	105	180	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	40,675	19,830	20,845	3,710	1,700	2,005
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	47,115	22,815	24,300	3,945	1,820	2,120
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,750	3,985	3,760	380	210	170
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,410	775	635	10	0	0
Chinese	1,785	875	910	200	115	85
Black	995	550	445	25	10	20
Filipino	515	230	285	10	0	10
Latin American	2,370	1,180	1,190	35	25	15
Arab	120	70	55	35	30	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	105	50	50	25	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Korean	135	75	55	20	15	10
Japanese	45	25	20	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	25	40	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	170	110	70	0	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	39,370	18,830	20,535	3,565	1,610	1,950
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	47,115	22,815	24,305	3,940	1,820	2,125
North American Aboriginal origins	6,445	2,990	3,455	235	120	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,025	1,785	2,240	160	80	80
Inuit	30	25	10	15	0	10
Métis	2,790	1,325	1,470	60	30	30
Other North American origins	10,770	5,125	5,650	1,350	575	775
Acadian	10	10	0	65	15	55
American	280	135	150	85	35	55
Canadian	10,580	5,020	5,560	1,245	535	710
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	20	20	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	32,095	15,355	16,745	2,960	1,375	1,585
British Isles origins	21,980	10,460	11,515	2,465	1,150	1,315
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	13,450	6,445	7,005	1,365	610	760
Irish	8,120	3,665	4,455	1,020	460	560
Manx	20	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	11,615	5,485	6,135	1,265	545	720
Welsh	850	465	385	125	55	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	730	375	355	175	75	100
French origins	4,605	2,020	2,590	380	160	220
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,605	2,020	2,585	375	160	220
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,860	4,260	4,600	785	350	435
Austrian	515	285	230	30	20	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,030	490	545	15	0	15
Dutch	1,720	780	940	255	90	165
Flemish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	10	0	0
German	6,260	2,990	3,270	530	240	290
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	150	50	100	15	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,975	1,370	1,605	105	55	50
Danish	380	200	175	25	20	0
Finnish	145	80	65	0	10	0
Icelandic	725	300	420	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,010	420	590	40	15	25
Swedish	970	465	505	30	20	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	15	10	15
Eastern European origins	9,670	4,650	5,015	240	80	160
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Czech	135	85	50	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	30	45	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Hungarian	360	145	220	30	10	15
Latvian	50	30	25	10	0	0
Lithuanian	85	40	45	0	0	10
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,060	1,485	1,580	90	25	65
Romanian	225	110	115	10	0	10
Russian	1,045	435	610	25	0	15
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	6,695	3,300	3,400	100	40	65
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins	1,410	730	675	150	70	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	50	55	30	20	10
Italian	495	270	230	50	20	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	105	95	20	0	15
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	10
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	15	15	10	10
Spanish	505	245	255	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	20	25	10	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	200	85	120	80	30	50
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	55	30	20	45	15	25
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	45	80	35	10	20
Caribbean origins	190	85	110	25	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	15	30	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	75	30	45	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,290	1,125	1,165	55	30	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	85	35	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	450	220	225	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guyanese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	85	45	30	0	0	0
Honduran	415	195	220	0	0	0
Maya	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mexican	140	55	90	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	40	25	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	925	480	450	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	120	75	45	0	0	0
African origins	1,175	625	545	35	20	15
Central and West African origins	210	115	95	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	155	80	70	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	20	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	90	45	40	10	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	15	0	10	0
Libyan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	590	320	265	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	270	175	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	30	20	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	290	145	150	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	275	135	140	25	15	10
Asian origins	4,460	2,330	2,135	380	215	165
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	290	170	115	120	70	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	35	20	10	10	0
Armenian	55	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	15	20	60	30	30
Palestinian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	10	15	10	0
Syrian	20	10	10	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	15	10	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,435	785	650	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,250	690	560	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	95	40	60	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,760	1,380	1,385	260	145	110
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,980	980	1,000	210	125	85
Filipino	560	265	290	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	15	25	10	10
Japanese	65	40	25	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	140	75	65	10	10	10
Laotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	25	10	15
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	75	45	30	0	0	0
Australian	55	35	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	20,085	...	...	1,975	...	...
Owner	12,385	...	...	930	...	...
Renter	7,700	...	...	1,050	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	20,085	...	...	1,970	...	...
Condominium	2,215	...	...	135	...	...
Not condominium	17,870	...	...	1,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	20,090	...	...	1,970	...	...
No bedrooms	180	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,095	...	...	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,325	...	...	645	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,310	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,175	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	20,090	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,880	...	...	720	...	...
5 rooms	3,350	...	...	305	...	...
6 rooms	2,880	...	...	210	...	...
7 rooms	2,650	...	...	205	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,325	...	...	535	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	20,090	...	...	1,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,655	...	...	1,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	430	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	20,090	...	...	1,975	...	...
Suitable	19,090	...	...	1,910	...	...
Not suitable	995	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	20,090	...	...	1,975	...	...
1960 or before	5,440	...	...	400	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,525	...	...	630	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,250	...	...	225	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,765	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,075	...	...	185	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,520	...	...	130	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,515	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	20,085	...	...	1,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	18,915	...	...	1,870	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,170	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	20,085	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,245	...	...	1,180	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,335	...	...	745	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	505	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	20,090	...	...	1,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,420	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,765	...	...	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,890	...	...	185	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,215	...	...	260	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,320	...	...	355	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,335	...	...	330	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,545	...	...	235	...	...
85 years and over	615	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	20,065	...	...	1,965	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,075	...	...	1,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,990	...	...	610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,550	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,380	...	...	925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.3	...	...	46.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,053	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	1,108	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,949	...	...	299,123	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	277,440	...	...	314,332	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,700	...	...	1,045	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.1	...	...	15.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.7	...	...	45.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	807	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	852	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,935	18,125	19,815	3,560	1,635	1,925
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,500	3,910	3,595	345	195	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,940	5,940	5,995	865	385	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,495	8,275	10,220	2,340	1,055	1,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,280	2,210	1,065	150	100	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,505	820	685	90	55	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,770	1,385	380	65	40	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,470	2,815	4,655	480	215	265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	840	335	500	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,905	2,910	4,000	1,650	720	930
Bachelor's degree	4,935	1,935	3,000	890	360	530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	520	175	340	100	20	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	245	170	75	30	20	10
Master's degree	905	435	475	415	155	260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	295	195	105	215	150	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,000	12,155	12,845	1,780	860	920
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,320	1,880	1,430	105	65	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,465	3,885	3,585	250	120	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,215	6,390	7,825	1,430	680	750
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,230	1,540	695	90	70	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	970	525	450	55	45	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,260	1,015	250	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,735	2,260	3,475	295	160	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	605	270	340	30	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,640	2,315	3,320	1,015	435	580
Bachelor's degree	4,075	1,615	2,460	530	220	315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	385	130	260	55	10	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	115	80	20	15	0
Master's degree	765	325	430	265	95	175
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	225	135	90	145	95	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,935	18,120	19,815	3,555	1,635	1,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,440	9,850	9,595	1,215	580	635
Education	1,965	545	1,420	330	70	255
13. Education	1,965	550	1,420	325	75	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	410	220	195	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	90	15	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	305	130	180	95	30	70
Humanities	785	315	470	270	125	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	15	30	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	105	30	75	100	45	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	55	185	30	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	35	35	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	15	15	0
54. History	165	85	80	55	25	30
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,445	450	995	315	125	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	50	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	40	30	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	20	320	45	10	40
22. Legal professions and studies	210	80	125	30	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	10	10	10
42. Psychology	315	55	260	100	35	65
45. Social sciences	445	245	195	120	55	60
Business, management and public administration	3,425	1,075	2,350	305	125	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	65	185	20	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,175	1,010	2,165	285	115	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	590	325	260	170	100	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	250	115	135	70	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	50	50	30	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	200	150	50	70	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	410	265	150	90	50	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	285	225	60	35	30	0
25. Library science	40	0	35	15	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	30	45	35	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,545	3,300	245	265	250	15
04. Architecture and related services	80	40	45	20	20	10
14. Engineering	370	310	65	85	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	600	525	75	70	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	960	945	20	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,240	1,205	30	35	35	0
48. Precision production	295	275	20	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	515	355	160	95	45	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	410	310	100	45	20	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	45	60	50	25	25
Health and related fields	3,960	785	3,180	315	80	240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	85	70	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	3,750	650	3,095	260	50	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	50	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,420	635	785	80	55	25
12. Personal and culinary services	945	220	725	60	35	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	285	230	50	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	165	15	10	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	24,995	12,155	12,840	1,780	865	915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,785	5,765	5,015	355	185	170
Education	1,360	395	965	155	30	120
13. Education	1,365	400	965	155	35	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	165	145	85	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	60	10	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	225	100	130	70	20	55
Humanities	580	245	335	145	75	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	20	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	85	30	55	55	20	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	45	140	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	60	40	10	10	0
54. History	125	70	50	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,215	385	825	180	65	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	45	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	30	30	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	15	300	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	175	70	100	20	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	10	10	0
42. Psychology	235	40	190	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	355	205	145	70	25	40
Business, management and public administration	2,750	900	1,845	175	80	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	35	160	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,550	865	1,685	155	70	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	475	260	215	115	60	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	95	110	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	45	30	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	155	110	45	55	40	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	245	120	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	255	205	55	25	20	0
25. Library science	35	0	25	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	30	35	30	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,615	2,410	210	175	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	40	20	20	10
14. Engineering	300	250	50	45	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	420	360	60	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	680	665	10	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	930	895	25	30	20	10
48. Precision production	210	195	15	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	425	280	150	70	35	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	330	235	90	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	40	60	40	25	20
Health and related fields	3,045	590	2,455	190	55	130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	65	50	30	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,880	490	2,385	155	30	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	35	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,080	520	560	65	45	20
12. Personal and culinary services	695	180	510	50	25	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	230	195	35	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	10	10	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,935	18,120	19,815	3,555	1,635	1,920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,440	9,845	9,595	1,215	580	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,495	8,275	10,220	2,340	1,055	1,290
Location of study inside Canada	15,880	6,920	8,955	2,005	885	1,115
Same as province or territory of residence	13,450	5,695	7,750	1,320	570	745
Different than province or territory of residence	2,425	1,220	1,205	685	320	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,620	1,355	1,265	335	165	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	380	185	195	120	70	45
Philippines	275	110	165	10	0	10
India	500	250	250	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	120	75	45	90	55	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	225	130	100	30	20	15
France	0	0	10	10	0	0
Other	1,115	610	505	90	25	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	24,995	12,155	12,840	1,780	860	920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,780	5,765	5,020	350	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,215	6,390	7,825	1,425	680	755
Location of study inside Canada	11,925	5,215	6,710	1,250	605	650
Same as province or territory of residence	10,060	4,250	5,815	835	410	425
Different than province or territory of residence	1,865	965	895	420	195	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,295	1,175	1,115	180	75	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	270	115	160	40	30	10
Philippines	265	110	155	10	0	10
India	470	230	240	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	40	20	35	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	210	120	90	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	1,010	555	450	65	15	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	37,935	18,120	19,810	3,560	1,635	1,920
In the labour force	26,515	13,475	13,045	1,960	910	1,050
Employed	24,570	12,470	12,090	1,660	765	900
Unemployed	1,950	1,000	950	300	150	150
Not in the labour force	11,415	4,650	6,770	1,595	725	875
Participation rate	69.9	74.4	65.9	55.1	55.7	54.7
Employment rate	64.8	68.8	61.0	46.6	46.8	46.9
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.4	7.3	15.3	16.5	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	37,935	18,125	19,810	3,555	1,635	1,925
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,460	4,195	6,270	1,365	610	750
Worked	27,470	13,930	13,545	2,195	1,020	1,170
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,205	7,995	6,205	795	475	320
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	13,275	5,940	7,335	1,400	545	850
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.9	42.2	37.6	39.5	35.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	26,520	13,475	13,045	1,960	905	1,050
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	500	195	305	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,015	13,275	12,740	1,920	890	1,030
Employee	24,220	12,190	12,030	1,770	820	950
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,800	1,090	710	155	75	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	26,515	13,475	13,045	1,960	910	1,050
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	505	195	305	35	15	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,015	13,275	12,740	1,925	895	1,035
0 Management occupations	2,195	1,325	870	155	105	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,330	920	2,410	185	55	130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	940	725	210	185	130	55
3 Health occupations	2,540	495	2,045	175	55	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,395	1,110	2,280	455	155	295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	140	190	65	15	55
6 Sales and service occupations	6,760	2,930	3,835	505	210	290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,805	3,670	135	85	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	500	405	95	65	40	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,220	1,555	660	50	45	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	26,520	13,475	13,045	1,960	910	1,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	505	195	310	40	15	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,015	13,275	12,735	1,925	895	1,030
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	425	315	110	75	35	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	120	20	20	20	0
22 Utilities	235	170	65	10	0	10
23 Construction	1,830	1,610	220	60	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,035	2,140	900	100	75	20
41 Wholesale trade	695	535	155	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,500	1,765	1,735	145	75	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	915	795	120	30	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	475	250	220	35	20	15
52 Finance and insurance	755	325	430	55	30	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	335	185	150	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	785	340	445	100	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	890	525	365	50	30	20
61 Educational services	2,035	595	1,440	410	145	265
62 Health care and social assistance	4,445	820	3,630	295	95	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	375	180	190	30	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	2,265	970	1,290	235	95	145
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,145	560	590	85	35	50
91 Public administration	1,740	1,070	665	155	75	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	24,565	12,475	12,090	1,660	765	900
Worked at home	810	380	430	135	60	75
Worked outside Canada	40	25	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,485	1,865	620	130	75	55
Worked at usual place	21,235	10,205	11,030	1,400	630	765
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,230	10,205	11,025	1,395	630	770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,315	8,975	10,335	625	255	370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,045	685	360	525	230	295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	730	460	270	215	120	95
Commute to a different province or territory	145	80	65	40	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	23,720	12,070	11,645	1,530	705	830
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,670	9,900	8,775	1,020	480	540
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,800	695	1,105	100	25	75
Public transit	1,130	490	645	30	10	20
Walked	1,630	695	930	335	150	180
Bicycle	245	170	75	25	15	15
Other method	245	130	110	20	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	23,720	12,070	11,645	1,530	700	825
Less than 15 minutes	15,020	6,990	8,030	640	245	395
15 to 29 minutes	6,150	3,440	2,710	600	305	295
30 to 44 minutes	1,540	895	650	115	35	80
45 to 59 minutes	465	315	150	40	25	15
60 minutes and over	545	435	110	135	85	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	23,715	12,070	11,645	1,530	700	825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,175	890	285	40	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,590	2,115	1,480	165	85	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,700	3,860	2,840	395	195	200
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,595	2,120	3,480	480	205	280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,185	890	1,290	200	80	130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,470	2,200	2,275	250	120	130
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	28,285	14,240	14,045	2,270	1,060	1,215
Single responses	28,045	14,110	13,930	2,265	1,055	1,215
Official languages	27,765	13,980	13,790	2,255	1,050	1,210
English	27,700	13,960	13,740	2,240	1,045	1,185
French	65	15	50	20	0	20
Non-official languages	275	135	140	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	135	130	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	70	75	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	55	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	65	40	10	0	10
Chinese languages	105	60	40	10	0	10
Cantonese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	30	20	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	130	110	0	10	0
English and French	65	30	35	0	10	0
English and non-official language	180	105	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	28,285	14,240	14,045	2,275	1,055	1,215
None	27,035	13,600	13,435	2,175	1,030	1,140
English	185	55	125	20	0	20
French	180	110	65	60	20	40
Non-official language	865	460	405	20	10	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	850	455	400	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	46,445	22,450	23,990	3,905	1,800	2,105
Non-movers	38,600	18,730	19,865	3,030	1,405	1,630
Movers	7,840	3,715	4,120	880	395	480
Non-migrants	5,120	2,470	2,655	450	170	280
Migrants	2,720	1,250	1,470	425	230	195
Internal migrants	2,240	1,025	1,215	375	195	185
Intraprovincial migrants	1,715	770	945	250	145	110
Interprovincial migrants	525	250	275	125	50	70
External migrants	475	225	250	50	35	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	43,920	21,150	22,770	3,805	1,740	2,065
Non-movers	22,945	11,115	11,835	1,870	840	1,035
Movers	20,970	10,040	10,930	1,935	900	1,030
Non-migrants	12,010	5,825	6,190	655	305	350
Migrants	8,955	4,215	4,745	1,280	600	685
Internal migrants	6,480	3,025	3,460	1,065	485	575
Intraprovincial migrants	4,715	2,085	2,630	650	315	335
Interprovincial migrants	1,765	935	830	410	175	235
External migrants	2,480	1,190	1,285	220	115	110

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba and Wolfville, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Population centre], Manitoba and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia