Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Fredericton New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Fredericton [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	83,303	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	81,759	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	38,988	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	35,505	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	55.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	1,502.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	83,305	40,785	42,515
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	13,430	6,850	6,580
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	4,435	2,280	2,160
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	4,570	2,325	2,245
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	4,420	2,245	2,175
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	56,250	27,970	28,280
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	4,820	2,475	2,350
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	7,045	3,705	3,340
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,300	3,315	2,980
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	5,660	2,880	2,780
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	5,360	2,630	2,730
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	5,440	2,595	2,850
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	5,455	2,650	2,805
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	5,880	2,875	3,005
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	5,445	2,630	2,820
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	4,840	2,220	2,625
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	13,625	5,965	7,660
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,470	2,100	2,370
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,210	1,470	1,740
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,455	1,120	1,335
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,745	720	1,025
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,745	560	1,190
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,060	390	670
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	535	130	405
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	135	30	100
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	10	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.1	16.8	15.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.5	68.6	66.5
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.4	14.6	18.0
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.4	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.1	38.8	41.4
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.1	37.1	40.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	35,505	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	19,045	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	500	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	13,900	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,045	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,360	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	8,785	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	185	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,055	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	35,505	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	10,450	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	13,235	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	5,495	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	4,385	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,935	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	81,400	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	69,875	33,935	35,940
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	40,055	20,000	20,060
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	32,240	16,090	16,155
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	7,815	3,910	3,905
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	29,820	13,935	15,880
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	19,855	10,825	9,040
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,090	900	1,190
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	4,085	1,495	2,590
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	3,785	720	3,060
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	23,350	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	12,770	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	5,000	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	4,110	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,475	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	23,355	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	19,645	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	15,745	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,905	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	3,705	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	2,975	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	19,645	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	10,400	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	9,255	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,980	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,860	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,415	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	3,705	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,370	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,020	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	16,575	7,950	8,625
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	35,505	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	22,630	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	10,115	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	12,515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	360	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	12,520	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	10,455	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	2,065	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	82,535	40,510	42,025
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	62,605	31,370	31,235
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	535	255	280
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	18,735	8,580	10,150
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	660	300	360
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	82,535	40,510	42,025
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	74,895	36,850	38,050
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	6,570	3,175	3,395
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	420	200	220
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	645	295	355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	6,785	3,275	3,510
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	8.2	8.1	8.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	82,535	40,510	42,025
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	81,355	39,965	41,380
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	75,465	36,995	38,470
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	68,880	33,805	35,075
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	6,585	3,190	3,400
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	5,890	2,975	2,915
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	95	45	45
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	90	40	45
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	5
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	90	45	40
Malecite	305	140	160	60	30	30
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	5,790	2,925	2,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	1,020	560	465
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	5	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	5	0	5
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	1,020	555	460
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	35	20	10
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	925	505	425
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	55	35	25
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	195	100	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	0	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	185	95	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	190	75	115
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	20	5	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	5	5	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	0	0	0
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	20	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	140	55	85
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	5	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	75	40	35
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	5	0	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	40	25	15
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	2,450	1,210	1,240
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	20	10	10
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	610	300	310
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	15	5	10
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	15	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	595	295	305
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	25	10	15
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	5	5	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	30	15	20
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	10	5	10
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	0	0	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	65	30	35
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	315	165	150
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	70	35	35
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	20	10	10
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	490	205	285
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	0	0	5
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	15	5	10
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	145	70	80
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	295	115	180
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	0	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	805	430	375
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	465	255	215
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	80	50	35
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	20	10	10
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	95	50	45
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	5	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	25	15	15
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	140	70	75
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	20	15	10
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	5	5	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	65	40	25
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	330	175	160
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	15	10	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	300	160	140
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	485	245	245
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	60	35	25
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	65	30	40
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	60	30	30
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	305	155	150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	30	5	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	330	180	155
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	150	80	65
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	5	5	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	5	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	5	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	0	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	0	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	15	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	10	5	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	50	20	25
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	25	10	15
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	1,210	615	600
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	1,210	615	600
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	115	60	60
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	10	10	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	955	485	470
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	60	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	20	5	15
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	35	15	20
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	5	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	20	10	15
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	10	5	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	45	25	25
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	0	5	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	10	5	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	35	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	10	10	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,185	545	640
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	740	330	410
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	380	185	195
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	35	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	82,535	40,515	42,025
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	81,010	39,750	41,255
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	77,405	37,910	39,500
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	73,415	35,930	37,485
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	3,995	1,975	2,015
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,605	1,845	1,760
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	20	10	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	15	5	10
Malecite	55	30	30	15	10	5
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,585	1,835	1,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	700	360	345
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	705	355	345
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	10	5	5
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	665	345	325
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	25	15	10
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	165	85	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	5	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	160	85	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	60	25	35
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	5	0	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	40	20	25
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	35	20	15
Kannada	1,630	825	800	5	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	20	15	10
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	1,285	655	635
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	5	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	400	205	195
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	10	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	10	5	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	390	195	190
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	10	5	5
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	15	5	10
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	0	0	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	15	5	5
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	255	130	125
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	60	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	0	5
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	25	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	70	30	40
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	5	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	15	5	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	50	20	30
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	555	290	265
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	295	150	145
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	55	30	20
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	10	10
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	55	30	25
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	5	5
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	10	5	5
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	110	45	60
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	5	5	5
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	35	20	15
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	260	135	120
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	10	5	5
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	250	135	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	235	120	115
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	15	5	10
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	30	15	15
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	30	15	15
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	160	80	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	260	140	115
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	0	5
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	5
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	5	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	30	10	15
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	30	20	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	15	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	950	485	460
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	950	485	465
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	60	30	30
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	800	415	380
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	30	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	0	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	0	0	0
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	5	0	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	10	10	5
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,525	760	765
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	540	265	275
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	925	470	455
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	82,535	40,510	42,025
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	74,160	36,555	37,605
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	3,250	1,625	1,625
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	3,310	1,470	1,845
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	1,675	805	875
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	145	65	75
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	1,535	735	795
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	40	15	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	35	20	15
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	65	25	35
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	68,015	32,950	35,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	64,680	31,320	33,365
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	34,921	43,099	28,380
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	64,710	31,315	33,395
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,253	37,604	26,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	59,235	29,450	29,790
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	32,684	41,391	25,643
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	44,255	18,375	25,885
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	5,568	5,462	5,631
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	48,440	24,920	23,525
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	32,739	39,889	26,655
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	68,025	32,900	35,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	64,695	31,195	33,500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,003	50,003	36,485
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	64,725	31,195	33,530
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	35,874	41,068	31,042
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	59,085	29,360	29,720
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	41,574	48,636	34,595
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	44,460	18,440	26,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,332	7,140	7,469
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	48,440	24,750	23,690
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	40,732	46,591	34,611
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	68,020	32,900	35,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	24,755	13,395	11,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	50,750	57,479	45,649
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	57,192	62,987	50,363
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	88.5	91.8	84.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.0	74.1	67.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	11.5	8.2	15.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	68,015	32,950	35,065
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,335	1,635	1,700
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	64,685	31,320	33,365
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.1	95.1	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	8,755	3,685	5,070
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	10,515	3,850	6,665
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	9,295	3,595	5,695
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	7,640	3,435	4,205
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	6,930	3,330	3,595
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,600	3,150	2,450
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	4,850	3,100	1,745
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	3,455	2,045	1,410
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,360	1,400	960
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,405	910	490
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,885	2,810	1,070
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,765	1,980	785
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,120	835	285
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	68,015	32,950	35,065
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,305	1,630	1,675
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	64,710	31,320	33,390
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.1	95.1	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	9,165	3,735	5,430
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	11,160	4,135	7,020
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	10,860	4,355	6,510
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	9,500	4,450	5,055
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	8,155	4,410	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	6,280	3,985	2,295
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,960	2,305	1,655
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,035	1,325	710
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,585	2,625	965
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,255	890	365
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	695	520	175
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,640	1,215	425
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	68,020	32,955	35,065
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	19,575	8,030	11,540
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	48,445	24,920	23,520
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	71.2	75.6	67.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	5,670	2,580	3,090
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,230	1,875	2,350
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	6,920	3,000	3,915
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,040	2,690	3,350
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	4,840	2,345	2,500
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	4,810	2,310	2,500
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	3,950	2,330	1,620
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	3,695	2,405	1,285
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,655	1,505	1,155
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	5,635	3,880	1,760
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,745	1,070	680
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,080	705	375
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	2,815	2,105	705
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	35,505	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	65,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	56,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	10,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	36,387	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	32,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	25,050	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	81,117	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	70,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	35,500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	78,373	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	65,406	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	10,390	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	42,540	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	35,879	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	25,110	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	93,197	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	77,621	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	35,505	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	610	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	810	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	755	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,575	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,525	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,610	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,605	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	3,070	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,985	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,625	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,275	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,860	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	9,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,395	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,250	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	35,505	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	630	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	820	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,495	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,725	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,915	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,980	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,025	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,055	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,720	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,700	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,320	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,845	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	6,365	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	3,235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,590	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	23,355	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	82,518	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	71,161	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	9,960	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,895	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	68,203	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	9,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	105,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	88,776	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	3,495	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	46,492	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	43,109	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	23,460	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	94,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	78,521	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	10,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	89,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	74,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	9,255	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	116,447	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	95,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	3,525	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	52,738	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	46,584	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	15,215	7,350	7,865
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	30,586	33,077	28,725
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	27,897	29,557	26,700
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	15,025	7,185	7,845
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	37,466	38,500	36,519
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,921	32,389	31,492
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	81,395	39,770	41,630
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	43,860	20,830	23,025
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	10,180	4,860	5,320
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	7,920	3,525	4,400
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	8,340	3,985	4,355
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,850	4,260	4,590
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	8,565	4,200	4,365
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	37,545	18,945	18,600
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	8,980	4,535	4,445
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	8,665	4,415	4,245
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	7,965	3,955	4,010
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	6,835	3,455	3,375
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	5,100	2,575	2,520
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	80,075	39,125	40,950
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	15,585	7,955	7,625
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	5,205	2,675	2,525
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	51,855	25,505	26,350
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	12,640	5,660	6,975
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	12,520	5,685	6,835
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	3,290	1,705	1,585
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,195	615	575
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	7,695	3,470	4,220
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,540	510	1,035
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.6	14.5	16.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	21.1	21.4	20.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	23.0	23.0	22.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.8	13.6	16.0
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	12.2	9.0	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	7,890	3,820	4,070
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,870	970	900
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	680	350	330
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	5,740	2,750	2,990
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	280	100	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	9.9	9.8	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	12.0	12.2	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	13.1	13.1	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	11.1	10.8	11.3
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.2	1.8	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,365	39,750	41,620
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	80,730	39,470	41,265
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	80,265	39,225	41,045
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	18,900	8,595	10,310
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	7,995	3,965	4,030
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	315	150	170
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	290	145	140
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	10	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	280	145	140
Malecite	755	370	390	200	100	100
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	85	45	40
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	10	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	20	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	15	10	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	0	10
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	7,700	3,820	3,875
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,350	700	650
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,345	695	645
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	55	30	20
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	1,125	580	540
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	165	80	85
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	270	140	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	265	140	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	180	65	115
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	10	10	0
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	30	15	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	130	50	80
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	25	20	10
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	20	15	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	145	75	70
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	20	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	95	55	40
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	70	30	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	3,835	1,830	2,005
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	45	20	20
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	45	20	25
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	650	330	320
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	15	10	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	15	10	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	640	320	320
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	25	10	15
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	25	0	20
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	35	10	20
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	20	10	10
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	10	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	90	40	50
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	405	220	190
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	35	25	10
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	0	10
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	75	20	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	50	20	30
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	10	15
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	20	10	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	875	410	470
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	10	10	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	25	10	10
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	210	75	135
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	665	330	330
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	0	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,020	530	495
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	685	370	320
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	95	70	20
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	50	25	25
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	325	170	155
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	15	10	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	165	80	90
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	70	40	30
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	110	60	55
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	360	175	180
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	40	15	25
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	35	20	15
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	280	140	145
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,270	555	705
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	10	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	140	50	85
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	105	60	45
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	20	10	10
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,075	475	600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	95	35	65
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	430	220	210
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	15	10	10
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	10	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	285	170	110
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	10	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	10	10	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	15	10	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	30	15	10
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	70	45	30
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	40	30	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	115	65	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	120	30	90
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	60	10	50
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	60	20	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	1,240	675	560
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	1,230	675	560
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	130	75	55
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,040	590	450
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	35	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	65	35	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	60	35	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	10	0	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	35	10	30
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	50	20	30
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	50	20	30
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	40	20	20
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	0	0	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	35	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	35	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	81,365	39,745	41,615
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	77,065	37,540	39,525
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	14,990	7,730	7,260
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	62,080	29,810	32,270
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	4,295	2,205	2,090
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,365	39,750	41,615
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	73,300	35,760	37,540
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	7,100	3,385	3,720
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	1,730	785	945
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	535	255	275
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	795	375	420
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	1,555	750	805
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	535	230	300
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,020	515	500
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	2,490	1,220	1,270
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	960	605	360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	7,100	3,390	3,715
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	940	405	540
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,525	755	770
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,315	555	750
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	2,750	1,330	1,415
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	575	340	240
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	7,105	3,385	3,720
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,085	495	595
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	15	10	10
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	35	25	15
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	65	40	20
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	20	0	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	20	15	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	20	10	10
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	35	25	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	705	285	420
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	155	70	80
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	1,965	885	1,080
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	55	25	25
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	0	0	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	70	35	30
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	355	135	220
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	10	0	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	20	0	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	20	10	10
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	25	15	15
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	165	70	95
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	50	25	25
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	25	20	10
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	10	10	0
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	40	25	15
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	10	0	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	100	35	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	790	375	415
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	200	85	115
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	520	295	220
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	15	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	20	20	10
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	45	20	20
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	20	10	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	20	10	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	75	35	35
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	310	180	130
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	3,480	1,690	1,785
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	55	35	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	765	390	370
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	35	20	10
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	310	145	165
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	240	105	125
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	50	20	30
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	20	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	400	215	185
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	170	90	85
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	75	35	40
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	155	55	95
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	10	10	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	460	230	230
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	30	10	15
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	235	115	115
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	475	220	260
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	55	15	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	2,490	1,220	1,270
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	145	75	70
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	15	0	10
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	15	10	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	60	35	30
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	50	25	30
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	220	125	95
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	10	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	25	20	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	10	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	15	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	40	15	20
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	70	40	25
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	60	30	30
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	230	120	115
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	25	10	15
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	10	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	40	25	20
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	40	15	25
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	125	75	55
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,885	890	995
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	15	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	440	220	220
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	60	20	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	140	70	65
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	40	20	25
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	45	15	25
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	135	70	60
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	15	0	15
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	40	15	30
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	25	10	15
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	110	50	65
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	445	210	235
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	25	20	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	205	110	100
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	150	55	95
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,365	39,745	41,615
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	8,710	4,360	4,350
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	7,040	3,405	3,640
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	65,610	31,985	33,625
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	5,405	2,605	2,795
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	3,345	1,760	1,590
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,150	875	275
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	2,200	885	1,315
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	970	320	650
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,075	520	555
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,365	39,750	41,615
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	3,930	1,935	1,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	3,790	1,850	1,945
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	2,915	1,385	1,530
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	810	440	365
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	65	25	40
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	60	40	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	80	45	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	77,430	37,810	39,625
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	81,365	39,745	41,620
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	2,465	1,215	1,250
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	78,900	38,530	40,365
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	81,365	39,750	41,615
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,625	780	845
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,600	770	830
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	1,535	745	795
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	55	25	30
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	4,030	1,915	2,120
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,920	1,870	2,055
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,995	1,405	1,590
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	800	390	410
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	125	70	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	115	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	75	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	35	10	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	75,705	37,055	38,650
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,360	39,745	41,615
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	6,460	3,300	3,160
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	985	520	465
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,330	695	635
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,230	595	630
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	190	80	110
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	350	195	150
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	910	470	440
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	385	195	185
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	315	165	145
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	435	225	210
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	35	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	90	35	55
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	225	120	105
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	74,905	36,445	38,455
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	81,360	39,750	41,615
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	5,660	2,695	2,965
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	4,645	2,185	2,460
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	185	95	85
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	960	460	505
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	35,985	17,595	18,390
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,845	905	940
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,095	550	545
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	34,300	16,760	17,540
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	15	10	15
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	100	45	50
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	130	80	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	55,655	26,775	28,875
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	46,315	22,260	24,055
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	10	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	20	10	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	25,280	12,165	13,115
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	21,675	10,125	11,550
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	20	10	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	21,650	10,340	11,315
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,160	1,010	1,150
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,085	945	1,135
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	15,025	7,110	7,915
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	10	10
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	15,030	7,110	7,915
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	8,600	4,100	4,495
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	215	115	95
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	290	115	175
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	2,895	1,300	1,590
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	10	10	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	5,700	2,755	2,945
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	160	90	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	1,885	830	1,050
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	650	270	375
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	75	50	25
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	55	30	20
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	645	290	360
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	380	155	225
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	170	85	85
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	2,375	1,155	1,225
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	45	15	25
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	25	20	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	90	40	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	35	20	15
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	25	10	10
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	200	105	90
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	15	10	0
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	70	25	45
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	815	390	425
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	70	40	35
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	505	250	250
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	85	50	35
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	745	365	380
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	25	15	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,450	1,275	1,170
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	70	35	40
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	45	20	25
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	35	10	20
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	10	10	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	165	90	75
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,310	650	650
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	30	20	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	15	10	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	300	155	150
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	45	35	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	10	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	30	20	15
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	485	260	220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	35	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	410	225	190
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	175	90	85
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	220	120	100
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	310	140	165
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	10	0	0
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	35	10	20
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	25	20	0
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	0	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	25	15	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	120	60	65
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	10
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	20	10	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	30	10	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	30	10	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	25	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	520	305	215
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	15	10	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	10	10	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	10	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	15	10	0
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	0	10	0
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	45	25	25
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	15	10	10
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	45	20	20
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	20	20
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	40	20	25
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	70	35	30
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	120	75	50
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	15	15	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10	0	10
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	55	35	15
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	25	20	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,260	630	625
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	220	125	95
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	40	25	15
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	10	0	10
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	45	35	10
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	25	10	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	15	10	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	45	20	25
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	60	25	40
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	10	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	10	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	155	100	60
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	15	0	15
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	50	35	15
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	70	45	25
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	20	10	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	305	150	160
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	40	25	20
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	10	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	65	35	35
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	30	15	20
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	50	25	25
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10	10	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	40	20	30
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	15	0	10
Zambian	1,860	935	920	20	10	15
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	35	15	15
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	600	270	325
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	110	40	70
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	485	230	255
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	5,585	2,865	2,720
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,985	1,020	965
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	125	55	70
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	55	25	35
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	10	0	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	310	150	160
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	60	20	30
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	50	25	25
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	45	30	15
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	35	25	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	665	345	320
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	10	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	35	20	10
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	520	255	265
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	65	45	20
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	25	15	10
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	10	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	1,110	595	520
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	95	55	40
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	15	15	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	35	20	15
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	730	375	355
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	10	10	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	150	70	75
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	80	50	30
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	10	10	0
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	30	20	10
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	20	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	2,530	1,280	1,245
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	0	0	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	1,460	750	710
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	255	110	140
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	0	0	10
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	65	30	30
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	435	225	205
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	20	15	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	40	30	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	20	10	15
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	40	10	35
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	285	150	135
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	10	10	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	90	40	45
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	45	20	25
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	40	20	15
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	10	0	10
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	35,500	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	22,295	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	12,835	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	35,500	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,810	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	33,690	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	35,500	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	95	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	3,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	10,315	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	11,995	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	9,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	35,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	8,745	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	5,770	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,325	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,400	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	11,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	35,500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	35,185	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	35,500	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	34,465	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	35,500	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	6,950	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	10,980	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,505	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	4,845	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	2,750	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,075	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	35,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	33,165	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,335	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	35,500	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	21,040	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	13,705	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	35,500	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	2,385	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	6,220	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	5,980	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	6,380	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	6,105	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	4,735	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,715	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	34,860	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	27,790	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	7,065	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	6,090	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	22,220	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	61.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	996	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,078	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	200,414	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	221,413	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	12,830	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	851	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	873	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	68,025	32,900	35,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	9,350	4,705	4,645
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	19,955	10,430	9,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	38,720	17,765	20,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,410	2,940	1,465
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,475	1,350	1,125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	1,935	1,590	345
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	13,020	5,135	7,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,115	400	715
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	20,180	9,290	10,890
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	13,495	5,970	7,530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,010	455	555
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	430	230	200
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	4,195	1,945	2,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	1,050	690	360
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	43,870	21,385	22,485
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	3,190	1,800	1,390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	11,390	6,250	5,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	29,285	13,330	15,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	2,995	1,990	1,005
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,665	895	770
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,325	1,090	235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	9,780	3,970	5,810
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	760	300	460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	15,755	7,075	8,685
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	10,525	4,600	5,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	785	350	430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	375	185	190
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	3,320	1,480	1,840
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	745	455	290
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	68,020	32,900	35,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	29,305	15,135	14,165
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,510	910	2,600
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,510	910	2,600
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,040	485	555
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	175	140	35
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	870	350	520
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	2,775	1,145	1,630
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	205	65	140
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	730	225	505
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	685	235	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	170	85	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	300	195	105
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	535	310	220
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	130	20	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	4,710	1,585	3,120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	50	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	385	170	210
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	580	35	550
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	815	300	515
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	75	30	50
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,085	275	805
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,720	780	945
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	7,675	2,555	5,120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	685	140	540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	6,975	2,410	4,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,595	840	760
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	695	330	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	325	125	195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	30	10	15
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	495	350	145
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	60	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,080	1,370	710
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,815	1,250	565
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	140	25	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	120	95	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	6,690	6,120	570
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	100	80	20
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,080	1,775	310
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,310	1,160	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,380	1,360	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,415	1,360	50
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	410	390	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	685	505	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	220	140	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	460	365	90
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	5,535	935	4,600
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	550	225	330
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	4,835	625	4,210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	150	90	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,415	1,295	1,120
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,305	335	970
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	70	65	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	115	110	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	550	440	105
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	375	355	25
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	43,870	21,385	22,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	14,585	8,055	6,530
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,410	595	1,815
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,410	595	1,815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	795	370	425
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	125	95	25
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	670	270	400
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,985	790	1,200
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	180	55	125
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	490	135	355
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	510	180	335
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	140	75	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	200	125	70
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	365	205	155
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	85	10	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	3,665	1,155	2,515
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	295	135	160
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	445	20	425
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	660	205	450
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	55	15	35
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	845	200	645
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	1,345	575	775
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	5,915	1,985	3,930
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	550	105	450
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	5,350	1,880	3,470
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,170	585	585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	515	225	290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	220	90	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	355	240	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	60	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,790	1,200	590
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,615	1,110	505
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	90	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	90	70	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	4,945	4,465	480
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	80	65	15
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	1,595	1,335	265
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,010	875	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,010	990	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	985	940	40
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	270	260	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	530	380	150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	180	110	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	355	270	85
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,195	775	3,425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	400	170	230
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,670	545	3,125
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	125	65	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,870	1,025	845
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,015	285	730
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	60	55	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	85	80	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	420	335	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	290	275	15
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	68,025	32,900	35,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	29,300	15,140	14,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	38,720	17,765	20,955
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	35,385	16,100	19,290
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	25,685	11,575	14,115
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	9,705	4,525	5,175
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	3,335	1,670	1,660
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	810	430	385
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	95	30	65
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	180	90	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	430	255	175
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	380	190	195
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	60	30	25
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,380	645	735
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	43,870	21,385	22,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	14,580	8,055	6,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	29,285	13,330	15,955
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	26,715	12,100	14,615
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	19,070	8,550	10,520
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	7,645	3,555	4,095
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	2,570	1,225	1,340
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	480	235	250
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	90	30	60
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	110	55	55
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	230	125	100
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	365	175	190
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	65	35	30
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	1,225	575	650
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	68,020	32,905	35,120
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	44,745	22,880	21,860
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	40,930	20,660	20,270
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,815	2,225	1,590
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	23,280	10,015	13,260
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	65.8	69.5	62.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	60.2	62.8	57.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.5	9.7	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	68,020	32,900	35,120
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	21,380	9,080	12,300
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	46,640	23,820	22,820
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	25,275	13,735	11,540
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	21,370	10,090	11,280
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.0	43.1	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	44,745	22,885	21,865
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	910	405	505
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	43,835	22,480	21,355
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	40,630	20,705	19,930
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	3,205	1,770	1,435
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	44,745	22,885	21,865
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	910	405	505
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	43,835	22,480	21,360
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	4,625	2,725	1,900
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	6,520	1,975	4,545
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	3,825	3,035	790
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	3,115	600	2,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	8,615	4,285	4,325
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,235	590	640
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	10,735	4,470	6,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	4,050	3,885	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	685	550	135
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	440	370	70
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	44,745	22,885	21,865
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	910	405	505
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	43,835	22,480	21,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	440	290	155
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	140	130	0
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	580	400	180
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	1,975	1,795	175
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,075	785	290
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	960	760	205
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	5,320	2,380	2,940
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,305	985	320
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,080	625	450
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,085	400	680
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	635	390	245
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,980	1,790	1,185
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	45	30	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,950	1,065	885
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	4,280	1,585	2,695
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	5,030	850	4,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	680	385	300
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,365	1,310	2,050
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,790	735	1,060
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	9,115	5,785	3,335
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	40,930	20,660	20,270
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	2,145	940	1,205
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	200	145	55
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	3,385	2,450	935
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	35,195	17,120	18,075
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	35,200	17,120	18,075
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	23,165	10,925	12,240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	5,980	3,235	2,745
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	5,515	2,605	2,915
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	540	360	180
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	38,585	19,570	19,010
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	30,725	16,085	14,635
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,000	1,045	1,950
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	1,175	575	600
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,805	1,340	1,465
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	460	290	170
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	425	235	190
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	38,580	19,575	19,010
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	19,275	9,695	9,580
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	14,850	7,415	7,435
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	2,840	1,475	1,370
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	745	405	340
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	880	585	290
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	38,580	19,575	19,010
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,215	755	460
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	4,820	2,855	1,965
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	14,565	7,725	6,835
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	9,350	4,240	5,115
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,625	1,550	2,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	5,010	2,440	2,565
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	47,820	24,385	23,435
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	46,825	23,970	22,855
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	46,595	23,835	22,760
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	45,565	23,515	22,050
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,030	315	710
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	230	135	95
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	10	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	10	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	225	135	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	20	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	20	15	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	10	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	20	15	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	20	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	35	20	10
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	0	10
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	10	10	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	10	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	20	15	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	15	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	120	65	60
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	125	65	60
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	0	10	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	105	50	55
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	995	410	585
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	900	380	520
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	95	35	55
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	47,820	24,385	23,435
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	41,295	21,415	19,885
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	790	320	470
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	5,335	2,420	2,915
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	370	220	150
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	35	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	335	210	130
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	15	10	10
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	80,450	39,265	41,180
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	65,940	32,135	33,805
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	14,510	7,135	7,380
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	7,860	3,870	3,990
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,650	3,260	3,390
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	5,445	2,635	2,810
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,010	1,390	1,615
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,435	1,245	1,190
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,205	620	585
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	76,905	37,450	39,460
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	43,280	20,915	22,365
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	33,630	16,535	17,095
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	15,855	7,660	8,195
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	17,770	8,870	8,900
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	14,800	7,315	7,485
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	7,770	3,635	4,140
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	7,030	3,685	3,345
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	2,970	1,555	1,415