Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Saint John--Rothesay [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Saint John--Rothesay New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint John--Rothesay [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	79,363	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	82,074r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	-3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	38,678	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	34,899	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	203.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	391.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	79,365	37,795	41,570
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	12,065	6,140	5,925
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	3,815	1,955	1,860
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	4,210	2,175	2,040
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	4,040	2,015	2,025
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	52,235	25,175	27,055
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	4,355	2,235	2,120
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	5,015	2,520	2,495
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	4,835	2,405	2,430
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	4,675	2,235	2,440
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	4,720	2,210	2,510
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	5,030	2,395	2,635
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	5,280	2,475	2,810
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	6,400	3,075	3,320
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	6,320	2,960	3,360
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	5,610	2,665	2,945
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	15,060	6,470	8,590
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,830	2,260	2,575
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,540	1,625	1,915
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,560	1,100	1,465
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,970	815	1,160
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,165	675	1,485
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,300	450	855
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	635	175	460
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	190	50	140
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	35	0	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.2	16.2	14.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	65.8	66.6	65.1
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	19.0	17.1	20.7
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.7	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.8	41.4	44.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	44.0	42.5	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	34,900	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	16,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	1,795	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	16,215	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,085	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	2,075	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	3,325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	9,610	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	34,900	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	11,385	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	12,705	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	5,360	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,675	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	77,190	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	67,300	31,645	35,650
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	35,855	17,935	17,920
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	28,950	14,475	14,475
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	6,900	3,460	3,440
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	31,445	13,715	17,730
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	19,350	9,905	9,445
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,540	1,030	1,510
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	4,845	1,870	2,970
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,715	905	3,805
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	22,365	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	12,700	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	4,970	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,365	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	22,365	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	17,535	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	14,090	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,450	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	4,825	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	3,975	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	17,540	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	9,565	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	7,975	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,715	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,040	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	4,830	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,135	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,260	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	16,320	7,340	8,980
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	34,900	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	21,490	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	9,220	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	12,265	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	435	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	12,975	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	11,385	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,595	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	77,990	37,200	40,795
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	66,155	32,110	34,040
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	110	50	60
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	11,060	4,690	6,370
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	670	350	320
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	77,990	37,200	40,790
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	73,955	35,300	38,655
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	3,125	1,440	1,690
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	260	125	135
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	650	340	310
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	3,255	1,495	1,755
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	4.2	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	77,990	37,200	40,790
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	77,230	36,840	40,390
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	73,375	34,845	38,530
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	70,020	33,325	36,695
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	3,355	1,520	1,830
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	3,855	1,995	1,860
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	5	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	3,850	1,990	1,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	785	450	335
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	20	5	10
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	765	440	320
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	5	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	710	405	300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	45	25	20
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	95	40	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	0	0	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	95	45	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	210	80	125
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	15	5	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	10	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	180	70	105
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	55	30	25
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	10	5	10
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10	10	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	20	15	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	1,355	725	635
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	10	0	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	245	125	120
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	0	0	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	0	0	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	245	120	120
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	10	5	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	0	0	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	5	5	0
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	10	5	5
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	0	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	20	10	10
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	140	75	70
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	5	5	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	165	85	85
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	0	0	0
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	10	0	0
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	55	30	25
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	95	40	50
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	0	5	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	0	0	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	65	45	25
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	430	240	185
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	265	160	110
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	65	40	25
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	20	10	10
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	50	40	10
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	15	5	10
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	35	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	20	15	5
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	0	0	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	60	40	20
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	160	85	80
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	20	10	10
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	140	65	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	435	225	210
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	70	35	35
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	65	35	30
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	50	25	25
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	250	125	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	15	0	10
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	335	170	165
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	95	50	50
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	10	5	10
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	5	5	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	10	5	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	5	5	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	20	10	5
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	20	5	10
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	815	410	405
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	815	410	405
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	95	45	45
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	625	315	310
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	60	30	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	10	5	5
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	25	15	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	5	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	20	15	10
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	30	10	20
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	5	0	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	5	0	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	0	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	760	365	400
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	460	215	245
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	285	130	150
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	77,990	37,200	40,795
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	77,060	36,760	40,295
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	74,515	35,450	39,065
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	73,250	34,855	38,390
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	1,265	595	670
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	2,540	1,310	1,235
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	2,545	1,315	1,230
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	670	365	305
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	20	10	10
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	655	355	300
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	595	325	270
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	55	30	30
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	80	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	95	50	50
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	10	5	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	85	45	45
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	20	10	15
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	10	5	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	645	320	320
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	5	5	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	130	65	60
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	130	70	60
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	5	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	0	0	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	5	0	0
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	95	50	45
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	20	10	10
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	10	5	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	10	0	5
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	270	140	125
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	145	75	70
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	35	20	20
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	5	5
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	10	5	5
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	5	5	5
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	25	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	5	0	5
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	40	25	15
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	120	65	55
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	10	5	5
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	100	50	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	190	95	100
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	25	10	15
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	25	10	15
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	25	10	15
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	120	60	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	290	150	135
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	5	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	50	25	25
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	10	0	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	5	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	25	10	10
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	20	10	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	650	335	320
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	650	330	315
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	55	30	25
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	520	260	255
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	30	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	40	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	0	0
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	10	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	5	0	5
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	935	435	495
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	305	140	165
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	600	290	310
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	20	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	77,995	37,200	40,795
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	73,665	35,180	38,485
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	1,575	755	815
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,730	730	1,000
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	925	485	440
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	925	485	435
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	30	20	10
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	30	15	15
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	65,160	30,720	34,440
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	61,865	29,005	32,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	31,517	37,864	27,168
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	61,885	29,010	32,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	28,623	33,474	25,111
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	54,115	26,095	28,020
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	30,141	36,634	25,219
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	44,835	18,705	26,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	7,131	7,188	7,026
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	44,040	21,940	22,100
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	31,098	36,731	26,961
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	65,120	30,705	34,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	61,930	28,970	32,960
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	40,672	48,003	34,229
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	61,955	28,975	32,975
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	34,018	39,131	29,525
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	54,015	26,010	28,005
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	39,685	47,543	32,387
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	45,140	18,830	26,315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,309	8,171	8,408
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	44,025	21,825	22,195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	40,010	46,831	33,304
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	65,120	30,705	34,420
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	22,385	11,560	10,820
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	45,726	52,139	41,048
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	55,615	63,472	47,221
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	85.5	89.3	80.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	69.9	73.8	64.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	14.5	10.7	19.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	65,160	30,720	34,440
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,295	1,710	1,585
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	61,865	29,010	32,855
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	94.9	94.4	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	8,690	3,865	4,825
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	10,570	3,795	6,775
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	10,395	3,980	6,420
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	8,200	3,650	4,555
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	6,940	3,225	3,720
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	4,575	2,495	2,075
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	3,315	1,985	1,325
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,510	1,385	1,135
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,865	1,070	795
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,280	835	440
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,520	2,725	795
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,495	1,925	570
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,025	805	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	65,160	30,720	34,440
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,275	1,705	1,570
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	61,885	29,015	32,870
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.0	94.4	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	9,020	3,915	5,105
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	11,300	4,115	7,185
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	12,065	4,845	7,225
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	10,105	4,585	5,520
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	6,975	3,625	3,350
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	4,450	2,595	1,855
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,015	1,695	1,320
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	1,835	1,240	600
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,125	2,400	725
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,045	800	245
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	665	500	160
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,415	1,095	320
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	65,155	30,720	34,440
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	21,120	8,780	12,345
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	44,040	21,940	22,100
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	67.6	71.4	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	5,575	2,640	2,930
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	3,375	1,485	1,890
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	6,095	2,525	3,570
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,360	2,675	3,685
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,460	2,470	2,985
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	4,525	2,130	2,390
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	3,020	1,710	1,305
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	2,385	1,435	955
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,020	1,060	960
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	5,235	3,810	1,425
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,500	870	635
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	990	685	300
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	2,740	2,255	485
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	34,900	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	55,907	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	49,571	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	11,385	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	29,838	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	27,197	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	23,515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	74,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	65,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	34,885	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	72,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	60,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	11,385	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	37,415	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	31,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	23,500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	89,046	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	74,280	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	34,900	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,175	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	880	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,000	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	2,060	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,825	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,835	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,865	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,735	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,690	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,840	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,845	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,645	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	8,120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	2,985	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,950	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	1,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,295	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	34,900	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	675	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	895	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	2,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,345	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,055	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,870	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,890	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,555	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	5,365	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,580	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,305	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,475	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	22,330	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	74,606	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	65,267	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	8,985	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	73,382	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	64,152	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	8,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	102,492	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	87,185	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,560	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	40,725	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	38,757	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	22,340	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	89,685	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	74,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	9,040	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	87,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	72,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	8,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	115,037	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	94,505	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,500	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	49,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	44,458	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	14,650	6,615	8,035
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,990	29,161	27,230
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,694	26,603	25,302
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	14,600	6,440	8,160
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	35,317	37,606	33,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	30,126	31,325	29,179
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	77,185	36,835	40,355
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	45,445	20,920	24,530
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	11,265	5,265	6,000
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	9,665	4,185	5,480
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	8,720	3,975	4,745
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,170	3,850	4,315
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	7,625	3,645	3,985
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	31,745	15,920	15,830
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	7,355	3,630	3,730
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	6,945	3,460	3,490
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	6,620	3,285	3,335
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	6,190	3,135	3,055
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	4,630	2,410	2,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	77,190	36,835	40,355
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	14,560	7,420	7,140
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	4,630	2,370	2,265
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	49,030	23,430	25,600
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	13,600	5,990	7,615
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	15,875	7,145	8,730
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,400	2,275	2,125
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,625	850	775
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	9,205	4,070	5,130
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,270	800	1,470
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	20.6	19.4	21.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	30.2	30.7	29.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	35.1	35.9	34.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	18.8	17.4	20.0
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	16.7	13.4	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	8,975	4,290	4,690
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	2,435	1,270	1,170
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	960	490	470
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	6,090	2,855	3,235
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	450	160	285
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	11.6	11.6	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	16.7	17.1	16.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	20.7	20.7	20.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	12.4	12.2	12.6
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	3.3	2.7	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,140	36,810	40,330
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	76,490	36,460	40,035
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	76,370	36,410	39,955
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	11,140	4,720	6,420
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	5,180	2,665	2,515
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	25	10	25
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	15	0	20
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	15	0	20
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	10
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	10	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	5,155	2,660	2,495
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	840	465	375
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	10	10	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	10	10	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	10	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	830	460	370
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	20	10	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	705	405	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	105	45	60
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	135	45	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	130	50	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	170	45	125
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	15	10	15
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	0
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	20	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	140	35	105
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	70	40	25
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	20	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	10	10	10
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	10	15	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	15	10	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	2,250	1,190	1,060
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	345	195	145
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	0	0	0
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	10	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	335	190	145
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	15	10	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	15	10	10
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	20	10	10
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	10	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	40	30	10
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	225	125	100
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	95	45	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	10	0	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	10	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	365	170	195
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	15	10	15
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	10	0	0
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	40	20	15
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	10	10	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	305	145	160
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	10	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	10	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	100	65	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	625	370	255
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	375	230	150
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	60	30	30
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	30	10	20
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	275	160	110
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	15	0	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	40	40	0
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	100	75	30
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	260	150	115
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	30	15	15
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	210	120	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	885	410	470
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	110	55	50
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	60	35	25
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	60	25	35
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	695	310	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	70	30	45
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	335	190	140
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	220	105	110
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	20	0	20
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	30	15	15
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	35	25	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	10	10	10
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	15	10	10
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	70	25	40
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	10	15	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	40	15	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	280	105	180
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	135	50	80
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	155	55	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	955	505	445
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	955	510	445
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	170	65	105
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	735	395	340
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	105	60	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	15	0	15
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	20	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	45	40	10
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	50	40	10
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	30	20	15
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	77,140	36,810	40,335
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	74,110	35,235	38,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	13,860	7,105	6,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	60,245	28,125	32,125
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	3,030	1,580	1,455
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,145	36,810	40,335
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	71,595	33,955	37,635
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	4,855	2,410	2,445
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	1,415	625	795
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	355	215	140
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	395	205	190
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	920	485	440
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	325	165	160
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	600	320	275
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	1,765	885	880
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	690	440	255
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	4,855	2,410	2,445
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	630	290	345
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	995	505	495
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	750	410	340
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	2,000	955	1,050
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	480	260	220
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	4,855	2,410	2,450
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	820	405	410
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	10	10	0
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	30	15	15
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	10	0
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	10	0	0
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	20	10	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	30	10	25
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	20	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	30	15	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	500	240	260
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	165	90	80
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	1,410	675	740
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	20	10	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	0	0	0
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	15	10	10
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	95	35	55
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	60	40	20
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	15	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	20	0	10
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	30	20	10
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	40	25	20
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	30	10	15
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	45	25	15
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	55	25	30
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	45	25	25
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	10	10	0
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	60	35	25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	775	345	430
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	115	60	60
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	300	155	145
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	10	10	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	20	15	0
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	10	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	10	0	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	20	15	10
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	15	10	10
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	190	80	105
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	2,295	1,160	1,135
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	15	10	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	15	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	585	305	280
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	10	0	0
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	200	115	90
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	150	90	60
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	15	10	15
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	25	0	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	285	155	125
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	85	45	40
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	70	45	20
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	140	45	95
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	345	185	160
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	25	10	20
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	105	45	60
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	220	95	125
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	30	10	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	1,765	880	880
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	95	50	50
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	10	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	10
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	70	40	30
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	10	0	10
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	115	50	70
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	0	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	10
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	10	0	10
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	20	10	15
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	25	10	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	35	10	30
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	150	75	75
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	20	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	55	30	25
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	60	20	40
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,390	710	680
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	430	240	190
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	70	50	25
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	75	40	40
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	85	40	45
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	145	70	75
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	60	35	30
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	10	0	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	30	15	15
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	40	10	35
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	325	165	155
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	10	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	55	25	40
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	35	15	20
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	15	10	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,145	36,810	40,335
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	5,820	3,010	2,810
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	5,420	2,470	2,950
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	65,905	31,335	34,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	3,520	1,835	1,690
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	2,010	1,050	965
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	770	480	290
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	1,245	570	680
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	710	350	360
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	790	435	350
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,140	36,810	40,335
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	1,550	730	825
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	1,475	675	800
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	865	400	465
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	575	265	315
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	30	15	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	50	45	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	75,590	36,080	39,510
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	77,145	36,805	40,335
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	325	145	175
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	76,815	36,665	40,155
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	77,145	36,805	40,335
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	320	135	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	310	130	180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	265	115	145
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	40	10	25
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	3,565	1,665	1,905
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,435	1,615	1,825
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,895	1,355	1,540
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	475	235	245
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	60	15	45
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	130	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	120	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	73,255	35,010	38,245
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,140	36,810	40,330
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	5,005	2,550	2,460
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	535	295	240
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,005	540	465
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,465	710	760
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	215	80	140
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	205	100	105
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	590	335	255
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	170	55	115
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	275	160	115
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	315	180	135
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	50	10	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	55	30	25
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	130	50	80
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	72,135	34,260	37,875
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	77,145	36,810	40,335
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	3,890	1,795	2,090
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	3,305	1,530	1,770
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	80	20	55
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	655	305	350
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	35,940	17,080	18,865
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,150	580	565
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	785	360	420
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	34,640	16,465	18,175
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	10	15
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	120	35	75
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	25	20	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	15	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	53,775	25,390	28,385
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	45,725	21,375	24,350
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	10	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	15	10	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	24,245	11,350	12,895
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	23,845	10,900	12,940
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	15	15	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	18,985	8,955	10,030
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	1,450	660	790
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,495	635	865
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	16,215	7,510	8,705
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	16,210	7,510	8,705
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	5,765	2,725	3,035
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	150	85	70
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	95	40	55
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,890	875	1,020
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	10	0	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	3,850	1,830	2,020
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	110	60	55
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	1,415	750	660
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	470	265	200
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	40	15	20
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	40	20	15
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	550	300	250
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	300	165	140
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	115	50	65
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	1,750	865	885
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	35	10	25
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	25	15	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	75	65	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	50	35	20
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	15	0	15
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	210	115	90
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	30	20	10
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	55	25	30
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	15	10	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	535	250	285
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	125	45	75
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	345	150	190
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	30	25	10
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	535	255	285
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	25	10	15
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	1,895	920	975
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	10	0	0
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	20	15	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	45	10	35
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	285	170	115
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	880	440	440
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	15	10	15
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	15	0	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	205	105	105
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	10	0	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	0	0	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	10	0	0
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	435	185	250
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	165	90	80
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	15	0	10
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	95	45	50
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	50	30	20
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	345	160	180
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	35	25	10
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	15	0	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	55	25	30
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	10	10	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	15	10	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	130	50	75
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	35	20	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	15	0	15
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	35	15	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	260	125	135
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	15	15	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	0	0	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	0	0	0
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	10	0	0
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	30	15	15
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	45	20	30
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	0	0	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	10	10	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	10	10	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	80	30	50
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	10	10	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	15	10	10
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	10	0	10
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	0	10	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,105	565	540
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	255	140	110
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	10	10	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	70	40	35
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	15	0	15
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	10	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	35	20	15
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	40	20	15
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	70	45	25
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	35	15	15
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	105	80	30
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	10	10	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	15	15	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	35	30	10
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	55	40	15
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	145	80	65
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	10	10	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	20	20	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	10
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	20	10	10
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10	10	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	65	25	35
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	30	20	10
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	10	0	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	655	300	350
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	90	35	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	565	260	300
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	4,185	2,145	2,035
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,665	880	785
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	20	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	185	95	95
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	10	0	0
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	175	100	70
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	20	15	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	40	15	20
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	10	10	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	15	0	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	640	305	335
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	10	10	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	15	10	10
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	50	40	10
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	475	260	220
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	30	20	10
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	15	15	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	25	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	10	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	645	335	310
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	30	15	10
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	25	20	10
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	475	215	265
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	10	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	70	40	30
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	20	20	0
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	0	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	20	20	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,885	940	945
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	15	0	15
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	1,135	600	535
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	220	75	145
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	20	0	15
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	65	20	40
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	315	180	135
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	0	0	0
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	0	0	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	30	20	10
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	30	15	15
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	120	45	75
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	20	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	20	15	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	95	50	45
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	65	30	30
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	20	10	10
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	15	10	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	34,885	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	20,610	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	14,275	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	34,885	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,605	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	33,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	160	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	4,455	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	10,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	12,660	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	7,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	34,885	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	9,170	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	5,925	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,690	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,440	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	9,665	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	34,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	34,885	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	34,050	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	12,490	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	11,895	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	3,450	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	2,935	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,150	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	1,760	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	31,900	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,990	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	22,325	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	12,115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	34,885	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,510	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	4,940	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	5,470	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	6,705	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	7,145	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	5,130	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,885	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	34,690	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	26,710	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	7,975	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	7,085	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	20,610	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	973	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,068	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	170,222	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	197,604	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	14,275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	703	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	735	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	65,120	30,705	34,420
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	11,885	5,830	6,050
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	20,660	9,680	10,980
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	32,575	15,190	17,385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,800	3,555	1,245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,405	1,445	960
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,395	2,110	285
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	14,440	5,715	8,725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,135	445	690
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	12,205	5,475	6,730
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	8,460	3,550	4,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	825	405	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	370	235	130
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	2,290	1,115	1,170
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	265	165	100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	42,280	19,985	22,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,460	2,350	2,110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	13,075	6,365	6,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	24,745	11,270	13,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,265	2,415	855
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,620	960	670
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,645	1,455	185
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	11,040	4,425	6,615
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	770	315	450
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	9,675	4,115	5,555
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	6,740	2,745	3,990
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	610	275	340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	295	175	120
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,835	815	1,015
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	190	100	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	65,120	30,705	34,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	32,540	15,510	17,030
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,435	715	1,720
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,430	715	1,720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	760	425	335
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	195	170	25
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	570	260	305
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,560	585	970
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	95	25	70
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	370	110	265
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	370	110	260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	80	55	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	215	135	80
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	340	130	205
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	80	15	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	2,650	890	1,750
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	210	105	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	455	50	405
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	460	210	250
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	100	30	70
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	695	170	525
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	710	340	370
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	7,655	2,460	5,195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	25	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	620	145	475
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	7,005	2,310	4,695
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	945	440	505
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	390	160	235
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	280	115	160
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	175	130	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	90	30	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,460	915	545
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,305	835	470
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	55	20	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	90	55	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	7,080	6,550	530
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	80	45	35
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	1,000	830	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,500	1,340	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,900	1,845	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,705	1,625	80
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	900	870	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	260	165	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	155	80	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	105	80	30
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	5,575	840	4,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	200	100	100
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	5,210	640	4,570
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	165	105	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,200	1,205	995
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,180	270	915
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	475	420	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	525	495	30
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	42,280	19,985	22,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	17,535	8,710	8,820
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,520	385	1,130
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,515	385	1,130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	575	315	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	120	100	25
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	455	225	230
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,125	360	765
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	65	20	45
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	290	70	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	270	60	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	50	35	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	140	75	65
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	250	85	165
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	60	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,165	710	1,455
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	185	95	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	375	50	330
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	380	155	230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	80	20	60
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	545	125	420
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	575	265	310
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	6,035	1,920	4,120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	30	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	465	105	360
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	5,545	1,810	3,730
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	680	315	370
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	295	110	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	200	85	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	140	100	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	35	20	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,190	755	435
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,085	710	380
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	35	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	55	30	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	5,225	4,785	445
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	60	30	35
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	785	635	150
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,215	1,075	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,385	1,340	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,185	1,130	55
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	595	585	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	215	120	90
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	125	65	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	85	60	25
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,290	645	3,650
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	175	80	95
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,985	485	3,500
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	135	75	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,720	950	770
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	925	220	700
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	345	300	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	440	415	20
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	65,120	30,705	34,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	32,545	15,515	17,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	32,575	15,190	17,390
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	30,340	13,990	16,350
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	24,110	10,805	13,305
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	6,235	3,190	3,045
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	2,235	1,195	1,040
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	555	335	225
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	105	40	70
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	95	40	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	330	220	110
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	275	120	150
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	10	10	10
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	865	440	425
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	42,275	19,985	22,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	17,535	8,715	8,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	24,745	11,270	13,475
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	22,955	10,370	12,585
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	18,230	8,035	10,195
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	4,720	2,335	2,385
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,795	900	895
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	370	205	165
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	100	30	65
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	90	35	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	195	115	80
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	270	120	150
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	10	10	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	765	385	380
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	65,120	30,700	34,415
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	40,415	20,185	20,235
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	36,700	17,940	18,760
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,710	2,240	1,470
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	24,710	10,520	14,185
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	62.1	65.7	58.8
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	56.4	58.4	54.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.2	11.1	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	65,120	30,705	34,415
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	23,195	9,960	13,240
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	41,920	20,745	21,175
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	22,805	11,865	10,940
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	19,115	8,885	10,235
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.0	42.8	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	40,410	20,180	20,230
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,035	555	485
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	39,380	19,630	19,750
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	36,685	18,050	18,640
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	2,690	1,580	1,110
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	40,415	20,180	20,230
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,035	555	485
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	39,375	19,625	19,750
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	3,405	1,970	1,435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	6,210	1,885	4,330
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	2,570	2,005	570
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	3,605	575	3,030
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	4,475	1,405	3,075
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	740	395	350
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	11,655	5,075	6,575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	5,115	4,925	190
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	510	440	65
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,090	960	130
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	40,410	20,180	20,235
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,035	555	485
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	39,375	19,630	19,750
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	210	130	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	335	245	90
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	610	480	125
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,590	2,335	255
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	2,120	1,700	420
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,640	1,030	610
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	5,080	2,250	2,825
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,610	1,260	350
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	905	480	425
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,570	590	985
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	565	320	250
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,675	1,505	1,170
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	55	15	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	3,270	1,780	1,485
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	2,400	845	1,550
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	6,140	1,080	5,060
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	620	345	275
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,125	1,240	1,890
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,715	780	935
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,150	1,220	925
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	36,705	17,945	18,765
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	1,595	715	885
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	135	70	60
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	3,445	2,560	885
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	31,530	14,600	16,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	31,530	14,600	16,930
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	25,235	11,285	13,950
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	970	585	385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	4,980	2,480	2,505
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	345	250	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	34,975	17,155	17,820
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	26,225	13,320	12,900
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,700	1,470	2,230
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	2,030	815	1,210
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,540	1,250	1,285
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	100	85	20
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	390	215	170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	34,975	17,155	17,815
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	15,830	7,405	8,425
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	14,920	7,250	7,660
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	2,495	1,425	1,080
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	890	565	325
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	840	510	330
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	34,975	17,155	17,820
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,575	1,025	545
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	5,265	3,015	2,250
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	10,555	5,330	5,220
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	8,325	3,355	4,970
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,655	1,520	2,140
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	5,605	2,915	2,690
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	43,080	21,325	21,755
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	42,665	21,165	21,490
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	42,395	21,025	21,370
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	41,930	20,865	21,060
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	475	160	310
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	265	140	125
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	265	140	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	70	50	20
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	70	50	25
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	70	50	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	45	20	25
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	20	0	20
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	20	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	15	0	10
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	20	10	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	10	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	0	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	10	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	110	55	55
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	110	50	55
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	10	0	10
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	85	40	45
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	10	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	420	160	260
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	355	130	225
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	60	30	30
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	43,080	21,330	21,755
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	40,445	20,345	20,105
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	425	150	275
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	1,965	710	1,250
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	210	105	105
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	210	105	110
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	76,335	36,430	39,915
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	65,020	30,995	34,025
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	11,320	5,435	5,890
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	7,875	3,680	4,195
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	3,450	1,755	1,695
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	2,630	1,300	1,330
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	1,695	825	870
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	935	475	460
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	815	450	365
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	73,270	34,900	38,370
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	45,550	21,730	23,815
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	27,725	13,165	14,560
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	18,725	8,705	10,025
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	9,000	4,465	4,535
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	6,905	3,300	3,600
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	4,545	2,120	2,425
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	2,360	1,185	1,175
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	2,095	1,165	930